Ulster Unionist Party (UUUP) yave iri simba guru mumugariro wezvamatongerwe enyika weNorthern Ireland chifo chamavambo ezana ramakore rechimakumi maviri. Nepo nhauro yebato yacho inowanzonangidzira ngwariro pavatungamiriri vayo vechirume nenzvimbo huru dzokuchinja, mipiro yavakadzi yave iri inokosha zvakaenzana, kunyange zvazvo munhau dzakaitika zvishoma. Kuvambira pamazuva apakuvamba esangano rechibvumirano, vakadzi vakarongedzerwa, uye vakaumbwa nomutoo wakarongwa. Basa ravo rakava rakabva mumiitiro inobatira yeuswa kuti vasarumbidzi vamiriri navapfumi vakuru. Kunzwisisa iyi nhau inozivisa kwete bedzi kukura kwomukati kweUUP asi zvimiro zvavakadzi zvezvamatongerwe enyika mubvumirano yenzanga yakakamukana zvikuru.

Mipiro Yapakuvamba Nesangano Romubatanidzwa Wavakadzi

Northern Ireland isati yavapo, vakadzi vakaita rutivi runokosha munhimbe yamasangano mukurwisana noRugare Ruramo. Muna 1911, Ulster Women’s Unionist Council (UUUC) yakavambwa, ichigovera gadziriro yakarongwa nokuda kwavakadzi kuti vatsinhirane nenhamburiko dzavo. Vatungamiriri vakadai saRady Londonderry naRady Craig, vakashandisa pesvedzero yavo yenzanga kurwisana navakadzi vomukirasi. Pakakwirira yayo, yakaibatanidza mitezo inopfuura 115 000, ichiiita kuti ive rimwe ramasangano makurusa ezvamatongerwe enyika avakadzi muUnited Kingdom panguva yacho.

Ava vakadzi vapakuvamba vakabatana havana kungoratidzira zvavo chirongwa chavarume; vakavandudza mazano avo vamene. Vaigadzira makamuri etii, vaiita zvitoro zvokutenga mari, uye kunyange kuita mapoka makuru okusona kuti vaite mireza neyunifomu nokuda kwavazvipiri vavarume. Basa ravo rakanga rakajeka mune zvematongerwe enyika, rakaitwa sedziviriro yePurotesitendi nemubatanidzwa. Kunyange zvakadaro mukati meUP, vakadzi vakanga vasingapiwi zvikuru mukuita chisarudzo. Boka harina kubvumira vakadzi kumira nokuda kwokuvhotera kuOrangete, uko kwakapesvedzera zvikuru matongerwe enyika, uye mitezo yebato yavakadzi yakanga isingagoni kutaura zvakananga mukusarudza kwechibvumirano.

Dare Rokushandira Ulster Rokushandira Union Rava Kubatanidzwa Pashure Pokuparadzana

Pashure pokukamurwa kweIreland nokutangwa kweNorthern Ireland muna 1921, UUC yakapfuurira kushanda sebetsero yavakadzi yeUP. Yakatsigira parusarudzo rwuri rwose uye yakaramba iri nesocial network yakasimba. Vakadzi vakarongedzerwa “tiyi dzechiuto,” kuiswa pasuo napamusuo, uye zvinoitika zvedzidzo. Nhamburiko dzavo dzakanga dzinokosha mukuchengeta mubato uye muvhoti munharaunda dzomumaruwa. Zvisinei, UWUC yakaramba iri pasi pebato guru. Yakanga isina kumirira dare rapamusoro reUucip kusvikira kumugumo wa 1940, uye kunyange ipapo, zvikamu zvishomanene zvevakadzi zvaiva nepesvedzero chaiyoiyo.

Ma 1920 nama 1930 akaona vakadzi vashomanene vachipambwa kuva nzvimbo inosarudzwa pamwero wehurumende yomunzvimbomo. Somuenzaniso, Mary McKeever akava mutungamiriri woruwa rworuwa muBlymena muna 1927, nepo Eleanor Sroule aibatira paArmagh Board of Guardians. Ava vakadzi kazhinji kazhinji vakanga vari vadzimai kana kuti vanasikana vavarume vakatanhamara vemubatanidzwa wehurumende, mutoo wakapfuurira kwamakumi amakore. Kuvapo kwavo kwakashivirirwa nemhaka yokuti kwakasimbisa mipimo yemhuri yegamuchidzanwa, asi ivo vaisawanzoonwa savatambi vezvamatongerwe enyika vakazvimirira.

Chinjo Dzapashure Pehondo uye Kufambira Mberi Kunononoka Kwavakadzi

Hondo Yenyika Yechipiri yakagadziridzazve mabasa echirume muUnited Kingdom, uye Northern Ireland yakanga isiri imwe yakapesana. Vakadzi vakaita mabasa aichengeterwa varume kare uye vakawana ruzivo rwokutungamirira mumasangano enguva yehondo. Mukati meUP, vakadzi vakatanga kukumbira basa guru mukuumbwa kwemitemo. Muna 1944, vaibvumira vakadzi kuti vave nhengo dzose dzesangano revhoti dzekodzero dzekuvhota dzakafanana nedzavarume. Iri rakanga riri danho rinokosha, kunyange zvazvo rakatora rimwe makore makumi maviri kuti mumwe mukadzi asarurwe kuNorthern Ireland Palamende somumiririri weUP.

Joan Kirkpatrick aiva mumwe wevakadzi vokutanga kutsigira UUP murusarudzo rweparamende. Iye akakwikwidza chigaro cheStormont cheSouth Antrim muna 1965 asi haana kubudirira. Nhimbe yake, zvisinei, yakaputsa kupfurikidza nokuratidza kuti mukadzi aigona kuva mudariro rinofadza munhandare yezvamatongerwe enyika yavarume zvikuru. Kupfuura makore a 1960, mabasa avakadzi mukati mebato akakudzwa kubatanidza basa redare rapamutemo uye kutora rutivi mukurukurirano dzemitemo pamusoro pedzidzo, utano, uye mabasa enzanga.

Zvinetso Nechiito Chevakadzi

Kutanga kweNhamo mukupera kwama1960 kwakaparira denho itsva nemikana nokuda kwavakadzi vakabatana. Sezvo masimba masimba akawedzera, vakadzi vazhinji vakabva pabasa remasangano egamuchidzanwa kuti vanakire pachivako chorugare munzanga. Vamwe vakakumbanira mapoka ezvokubatana pakati pemichinjikwa akadai saWomen Together, nepo vamwe vakaramba vari mukati meUP kuti vatsigire mhinduro yakaoma yechengeteko. Boka racho rimene rakaparapatika kupedza rwisano, uye vakadzi vaiwanzozviwana vamene vari vatsigirini pakati peboka rakaoma namapoka ane mwero.

Mukati mema1970 na 1980, UUP yakanga ine vakadzi vashomanene zvikuru mubasa rakasarudzwa. Mutungamiriri akatanhamara zvikurusa akanga ari Olive Morgan, uyo akabatira somutarisiri muGungano remisi pfupi ra1973. Mumwe akanga ari Mary McAlleese, uyo akanga ari mutezo weUP mubasa rake rapakuvamba asati asiya kusabvumirana kwemitemo. McAleese gare gare akabatira saPrezidhendi weIreland, basa raakasimbisa kuti ayananiswe. UP usontation yapakuvamba inoratidza kuti UP yakakwezva vamwe vakadzi avo gare gare gare vakawana nzvimbo yakakwirira kune imwe nzvimbo.

Pasinei zvapo nokuratidzirwa kwakaderera muparamende, vakadzi vakanga vachishingaira mumahofisi ehurumende, mapepa okunyoresa, mabhangi erunhare, uye kugovera tsigiro yemirangariro kumitezo yebato mukati menguva dzine ngozi. UP’s Women’s Conference, yakatanga kuitwa muna 1974, yakava chinoitika chegore negore icho chakabvumira vakadzi kuva vakabatana uye kuvandudza unyanzvi hwezvamatongerwe enyika. Yakaitawo zvisarudzo zvemitemo pamusoro pamasimba masimba omumba, kutarisira vana, uye mubhadharo wakaenzana, uyo waiwanzoiswa parutivi neboka ravakuru vakuru vakuru vehurumende vechirume.

Vakadzi Vanotungamirira uye Vaitarisirwa

Gadziriro yorugare ya1990 yakazarura nzvimbo itsva yezvamatongerwe enyika nokuda kwavakadzi muNorthern Ireland. UP, muutungamiriri hwaDavid Trimble, yakavamba kuita imwe mitoo inobatanidza vanhu. Muna 1996, boka racho rakasarudza mukadzi waro wokutanga kuImba yeCommons: Sylvia Hermon. Akawina mukurumbira weNorth Dow Constantive murusarudzo pashure pokurega basa. Hermoni akakurumidza kuva inzwi rinoremekedzwa pamusoro penhau dzechitongeso chehurumende neruramisiro. Iye akapiwazve nguva dzakawanda ndokubatira sePMFUU’s paWeststern kwemakore anoverengeka. Mukurumbira wake akaunza ngwariro itsva kuvakadzi mukati mebato.

Zvisinei, muNorthern Ireland Assembly, muna 1998, UUP pakutanga yaiva nenhengo shoma dzevakadzi. Vakadzi veUP vaikwanisa kupiwa zvigaro zvishoma nezvishoma vanosanganisira Jo-Anne Dobson, uyo akamiririra Upper Bann kubva muna 2011 kusvika muna 2017, uye Rosemary Barton, uyo aimiririra Fermangh naSouth Tyrone kubva muna 2016 kusvika ku2022. Vakadzi vose vakatsigira nhau dzemaruwa, mari yezvoutano, uye dzidzo. Dobson, zvikurukuru, airatidza kuti ane kanza pashure pokuongorora kwake, achishandisa ruzivo rwake rwokuchinja mutemo.

Matambudziko Mumhoteredzo Yakasvibiswa Nevarume

Vakadzi muUup vagara vachitarisana nemhinganidzo idzo vabiyavo vechirume vasina. Songaniro yapedyo yebato racho neOrange Order, sangano ravanhurume bedzi kutozosvikira muna 2012, yakaita mhoteredzo umo vakadzi vaionekwa kazhinji kazhinji savabetseri panzvimbo pavatungamiriri. Vakadzi vanobvunzwa pamusoro pemitoro yavo yepamba mukati mebvunzurudzo dzekusarudza, nepo varume vakanga vasiri. Vapapati racho vakatamburawo nokushaiwa gadziriro dzetsigiro dzomukati, dzakadai sepurogiramu dzedzidzo kana kuti nguva dzokusangana dzinochinjika idzo dzakagovera vakadzi mabasa okutarisira vana.

UUP Women’s Forum, yakaonekwazve muma2010, inopa nzvimbo yokurovedza, kukurukurirana, uye kutsigirana.

Vakadzi Vanokosha Munhau Yakare

  • Sylvia Hermon – Anoshanda seMP yeNorth Down kuvambira muna 1996 kusvikira muna 2019. Iye akanga ari mutsigiri akasimba webumbiro romutemo nokuchinja kwegadziriro, uye kuzvimirira kwake kwomufungo pane dzimwe nguva kwakamuita kuti ashaye muganhu webato.
  • Jo-Anne Dobson – MLA yeUpper Ban (2017). Iye akanga ari mutauriri woutano weUP uye mutsigiri wenzwi nokuda kwamabasa ekenza akavandudzwa.
  • Roseary Barton – MLA nokuda kwaFermanagh naSouth Tyrone (206-2022). Akanangidzira ngwariro pamiitiro yokurima, bhande romumaruwa rakafara, uye batira pamwe yemikova yomuchinjikwa.
  • Mary McAleese – kunyange zvazvo achizivikanwa zviri nani saPurezidhendi weIreland, McAleese akanga ari mutezo weUP muma 1970. Basa rake rinoratidzira mhatsa dzenzira dzinotorwa navakadzi vakabatana.
  • Lady Craig – Mudzimai waMutungamiriri weHurumende James Craig, akanga ari munhu akatanhamara muUUC. Akashandisa nzvimbo yake yenzanga kuronga mari nokupesvedzera vakuru vakuru vehurumende panhau dzavakadzi.
  • Mukurumbira Mary Peters – Kunyange zvazvo yakanga isiri wezvematongerwe enyika, nyanzvi yendarama yeOlympic yakanga iri mutsigiri weUP woupenyu hwose uye yakabatira senhume yebato, ichishandisa mukurumbira wake kusimudzira mubatanidzwa kuparira basa reyamuro.

Basa Razvino Uno Nechinjo Yesangano

Mumakore achangobva kupfuura aya, UUP yakaita nhamburiko dzakajeka dzokuwedzera kumirira vakadzi. Bumbiro remitemo rebato zvino rinobatanidza kuzvipira kudzikamo yevatano yavakadzi panzvimbo dzaro dzinosarudzwa napanzvimbo dzinoda kusarudzwa. Kubvira muna 2024, vakadzi vanobata inenge 30% yenzvimbo dzakasarudzwa dzebato mumatare omunzvimbomo neGungano. Idzi dziri pasi pepasi asi dzinomirira kuvandudzika kukuru kubva muma 1990. Vamiririri veUP vakadai saKate Evans (Choval neGlens), Julie-Anne Corr (Lagan Valley), naDiane Dodds (avo vakabatira seMEP nokuda kweDUP asi kare vakanga vachibatira muvarakasha muUP) vanopfuurira kukwidza vakadzi mubatanidzwa mune zvematongerw enyika.

Mubatanidzwa wacho wakatangawo mitemo inonyatsoratidza kuenzana kwevarume nevakadzi. Yakatanga “mubatanidzwa wemari yokugadzira zvinhu” kuti ubatsire vakadzi kuti vazoshandisa mari inobhadharwa, uye zvino inodzidzisa kuti vanhu vasasarura vasatomboziva kuti vaifungira vamwe mumatare anosarudza. Iyi mimwe mipimo yairatidza kuti vaishora kodzero dzevakadzi uye kuti vaiziva kuti boka racho raifanira kuita kuti vasarudze vechiduku. Website yeUP yava kutongedzei vakadzi vari mubato, ichisimbisa kubudirira kwavo uye kukurudzira nhengo itsva.

Matambudziko Nemikana

Pasinei nokufambira mberi, vakadzi vari muUUP vachiri kutarisana nezvinetso zvinoramba zviripo. Mamiriro ezvamatongerwe enyika muNorthern Ireland achiri kuparara, uye vakadzi vanotaura nezvengozi yokubatwa zvisina kufanira paIndaneti nokutyisidzirwa. Kudzikamisa upenyu hwevoruzhinji nemitoro yemhuri kunoramba kwakaoma, zvikurukuru mubato risina mwero wemari yakakwirira nokuda kwavashandi kana kuti tsigiro yavana. Magariro echirume nemunhukadzi haakurumidzi kuchinja, uye vamwe vemabato omumba anongoona mabasa evakadzi seaduku.

Kune rumwe rutivi, mikana iri kukura. Nhano dzokubatanidza dzakadai sechikwata chemubatanidzwa wemubatanidzwa weboka ravanhu muNorthern Ireland Women’s Coalition, kunyange zvazvo dzisina kubatanidzwa zvakananga neUP, dzakaratidzira kuti vakadzi vanogona kushanda pamwe chete vachigura mativi. UP yakabatira pamwe nesangano ravakadzi kuti vagamuchire zvirongwa zvokutungamirira uye kutaura pachena. Vakadzi vechiduku vava kuoneka zvikuru muzviteshi zvenzanga, vachishandisa zviteji kujekesa mirangariro yavo ndokuvaka zvikamu zvavo vamene zvamatongerwe enyika. Kubviswa kwemitemo yeOrange iri yoult Order kwabetserawo, kuchiitira kuti zvive nyore nokuda kwevakadzi kubatanidzwa nenzanga yemubatanidzwa mukuru pasina kutarisana nenzvimbo.

mhedziso

Basa ravakadzi munhau yeUlster Unionist Party inhau yokuzvidzora kwakanyarara uye fambiro mberi yapashoma napashoma. Kuvambira pabasa guru resangano reUUUC mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechimakumi maviri kusvikira kumabasa eparamende yeSylvia Hermon naJo-Anne Dobson, vakadzi vanoramba vachisundidzira nzvimbo mukuita chisarudzo chebato. Mipiro yavo yakaumba mitemo yeUP pautano, dzidzo, uye kukura kwenzanga kwenzanga, kunyange sezvavanowanzoshanda mumimvuri. Boka ranhasi rinobvuma kuti nguva yaroma inotsamira pakukwezva nokutsigira simba ravo revatano yavakadzi. Nepo rwendo rwokuenzana pabondese riri kure, nheyo dzakaiswa nemadzi vanoramba vanoramba kukura. UPUP inopa nhau yenhau iyi haina kupera kusimba mune ramangwana, uye kana vachizotungamirira kwavo kwakasimba zvikuru.

Nokuda kwokuravazve, ona nhau yapamutemo yeUlster Women’s Union Union Council pa Itrish Storish Storing, kuongororwa kwavakadzi mumatongerwe enyika eNorthern Ireland ne yeInstituties yeIreland, Queen’s University Belfast[[FLD:3], uye mufananidzo wapanguva ino wevakadzi vechikadzi vaidzokoro vanobva [[FLT:]BBB[FLT:]