Sumo: Fandesheni Yehurumende Inosarudzwa Nomunhu

Bazu remitemo rehurumende yeUnited States ndiro faundesheni yehurumende inomirira hurumende inosarudzwa nevanomiririra. Yakaitwa neChikamu I cheBumbiro reMitemo, ndiro bazi bedzi rakasarudzwa zvakananga navanhu, richiita kuti rive chinhu chinodavidza zvikuru kukuda kwavanhu. Pakati paro, bazi remitemo rinoshandura inzwi revagari vose kuti vave mitemo inotonga rudzi. Kunzwisisa muitiro uyu hachisi chidzidzo chehurumende chete. Chiri chishandiso chinokosha nokuda kwomunhu upi noupi anoda kupesvedzera mitemo yavose. Iyi inotungamirira inogovera chiremera, inotarira nenzira yakadzikama, kuti bazi reChibvumirano chinodzorwa chichava sei mutemo, uye kuti unogona sei kutora rutivi nenzira inobudirira.

Basa Rebumbiro remitemo Namasimba eDare

United States Congress isangano remitemo reBhameral, rine chibvumirano cheIndaundi yeVamiririri neDare. Ichi chivako chakanga chiri kubvumirana kwamaune pakati penyika huru neduku paConvention yeBumbiro reMitemo. Framers yakarongedzerwa kuva bazu rine simba zvikurusa, ichipa kuti chive chirongwa chitsaru muChikamu I, Chikamu 8, kubatanidza simba rokubhadhara mutero, kudzora bhizimisi renyika, kuzivisa hondo, uye kusimudzira mauto. Masimba ose echibvumirano emitemo akaiswa muhurumende muCongress Congress. Chikarust, chinova nechengeta, chinodzora chikwama chehomwe chete, mari inogona kubviswa kubva kuCetation I, pasina kunyoreswa kwomutemo nomutemo webazu. Iri chiremera chinopa dare rehurumende mari rinopa muganhu mukuru pamusoro pebazu rehurumende nechimiro chehurumende.

Kuvambwa Kwedare: Dare Riviri, Donzo Rimwe

Imba Yevamiririri: Inzwi Ravanhu

Imba yavamiririri ine 435 mitezo inovhota, imwe neimwe inobatira shoko ramakore maviri rinomirira ruwa rwedare. Nhamba yamaruwa pahurumende imwe inogoverwa pahwaro hwakavakirwa pavagari vemo, sezvinosarudzwa nechiverengero chavagari vemo chenguva dzose. Ikoku kunoreva kuti Imba yakarongedzerwa kuva inogamuchira zvakananga kuvanhu. Imba inofanira kutarisana nemirairo yakasiana kazhinji kazhinji. Ine masimba akasiana: inovamba zvikwereti zvose zvemari, uye ine simba rimwe rokudzivisa vakuru vakuru venyika. Hurusarudzo inodzorwa pasi poMutauriri weNhare, uyo ari wechipiri mumutsetse nokuda kweHwenyuko. Imba inoshanda nemiraudzo yorumano inoganhurirwa nenguva yakaganhurirwa, ichiirwa kuita mutemo zvakanaka zvikuru. Nemhaka yokuti maruwa navakuru zvikuru, vamiririri vemo vanore, uye vanopa mari inobvumira nzanga, uye vadzoresa.

Dare: Mutezo Unotonhodza Kofi

Dare rinoumbwa navagadziri 100, vaviri vanobva munyika imwe neimwe, vanobatira mashoko amakore matanhatu. Nhuro dzinokatyamadzwa kuitira kuti inenge chikamu chimwe chetatu cheDare risimukire nokuda kwokusarudza makore maviri ari ose, kugovera kupfuurira nokudzikama. Vavambi veDare vakaronga kuva mutezo unoregwa, unovharwa kubva pamafungiro avose. Mutungamiriri anobatira saPrezidhendi weDare, asi munhu ane simba zvikurusa ndiye Mutungamiriri Mukuru. Masimba eDare echienzi anobatanidza kugadza kwapurezidhendi (mitezo yekamba, vatongi vehurumende) uye vamiririri vehurumende vanodzivirira vadzorwi vai vaviri. Anobatirawo savatongi mumitengi inodzo inodzoro. [8]

Matare: Maainjini Anoita Kuti Pave Nemitemo

Makamuri ose ari maviri anovimba zvikuru namatare kuti atarisire basa. Kune matare akamira (anopa mitoro), anosarudza matare (enguva pfupi nokuda kwenhau dzakati), matare ebatanidzwa (iyo dzose dzimba), uye matare esangano (kuyananisa misiyano),. Matare anoitisa nyaya, anonyora mabhiriti, uye anosarudza kana angatumira mutemo kunzvimbo yakazara. Matare makuru anobatanidza Nzira neNhengo (mutero), Mitengo (kupfuurira) uye Mitemo yedare. MuDare rakatanhamara rinobatanidza mari, Mabhiringi, Makurukota okuMakuru, uye mahuro edare (kubva kumasangano mazhinji) anobata simba guru rokugadza mapepa uye kuuraya. Kunzwisisa dare ndiko kunokosha nokuda kwekutsigira dare uye kuputsa.

Kuchinja Kunoita Bhiropu Mutemo: Rwendo Rwakakwana

Nzira inobva papfungwa kuenda kumutemo yakareba uye yakaiswa mumativi, ine mabanza akawanda omubatanidzwa wevagari vemo. Nepo mufananidzo weimba yechikoro unoratidza nhano nomwe, zvokwadi yacho inobatanidza mifungo mizhinji yechisarudzo.

Danho 1: Kutanga uye Kudzorera

Mutezo upi noupi weCongress unogona kutanga wechipiri wechipiri. Unopiwa nhamba (zvikurukuru, H.R. 1 kana kuti S. 1), wakadhindwa, uye unonongedzera kudare rakakodzera navaridzi veparamende. Mabhiri anogona kuvamba munzvimbo dzose, kunze kwezvikwereti zvemari zvinofanira kutanga muImba. Mari inopinzwa muImba haigoni kuva mutemo pasina tendero, uye zvinopesana.

Danho 2: Chiito cheDare

Pano ndipo panofa zvikwereti zvizhinji. Chigaro chedare chinosarudza kana kuronga kunzwika nokutanhanhanha. Mukati mokubhadharwa, mitezo inokarakadza uye inovhota padzosero. Kana dare richitendera mari yacho, inoishuma mukamuri rakazara nomushumo wakanyorwa. Kana chigaro chisingaiti basa, tafura inodzorwa. Chikumbiro chokuburitsa muImba (chinoiswa nemitezo 218) chinogona kumanikidza bhiribhiri redare, asi ikoku hakuwanzowaniki.

Nhano 3: Nharo Yakanaka Nechinogadziriswa

MuImba, Mitemo Dare rinogadza mipimo yekurukurirano − kosi, nguva, iyo inotenderwa. Imba inowanzopfuudza mutemo (chisarudzo) isati yakurukura pamutemo. Detanho yakaganhurirwa, uye boka reruzhinji rinowanzodzora muuyo. MuDare, gakava rakaregeredzwa zvikuru risina kuganhurirwa kutoti kana kukumbira kuvhota (60 vhoti dzokugumisa nucialbuster). Vagadziri vanogona kupa kusabvisa muganhu, muitiro unozivikanwa sa "vatyanyinyinyisi," Kuchinja kweDare rinobvumira kupfupikisa kukuru asi kunonokawo.

Danho 4: Kurukura

Pashure pekurukurirano, mavhota papepa racho negadziridzo dzipi nedzipi. Voruzhinjiwo zvavo vanodikanwa nokuda kwokupfuura, kunze kwenhau dzakati (murevo, kurongera, kupfuudza dare) iro rinoda mikurumbira mikuru. Majere anonyorwa pakombiyuta muImba uye kupfurikidza nokuridzira runhare muDare. Kana rugwaro rwacho ruchipfuura, runotumirwa kune imwe kamuri.

Nhano 5: Dare Romusangano

Kana makamuri maviri akapfuudza shanduro dzakasiana, dare remusangano . "“ Kubatanidza kwemitezo inobva muzvose) kunoparira kubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira. Mushumo unovapo somuuyo wemusangano unofanira kutenderwa nemakamuri ose ari maviri pasina kugadziridzwa. Idzi dzinowanzova kurukurirano yakakwirira apo chimiro chokupedzisira chomutemo chinosarudzwa.

Danho 6: Chiito Choutungamiriri Hwehurumende

Chibvumirano chinotumirwa kuPurezidhendi. Mutungamiriri wePurezidhendi ane mazuva gumi okuita chiito. Zvisarudzo: kusaina mumutemo, vhato (idzokere kuCongress nokuramba), kana kuti ita kuti uve mutemo pasina kusaina (parocet vhato kana Congress indernant). Vaveto vanogona kukanganiswa nevoruzhinji vari mumakamuri ose ari maviri .

Danho 7: Mutemo Nokushandisa

Kana angosainwa, mutemo unogoverwa nhamba yoMutemo Wavose uye unobatanidzwa muMutemo weUnited States. masangano eFederal ipapo anonyora mirau yokushandisa mutemo, muitiro unodzorwa netsinhiro yavose nehwirudzuro yokutonga. Vagari vanogonawo kupinda padanho iri.

Basa Rinokosha Revagari Vemo: Kuchinja Inzwi Rako Kuti Riite Basa

Hedzino nzira dzakabvumikiswa dzokuita kuti inzwi rako rinzwike zvinobudirira.

Ona Vamiriri Vako

Daidza, email, kana kuti nyorera mutezo weImba yako. Nhau dzomunhu oga dzakabatanidzwa nemitemo yakati dzine simba. Chengeta mashoko mapfupi, manyoro, uye anonangidzirwa panhau imwe. Nguva dzose batanidza zita rako nekero kuti ubvumikise kuti uri mubatanidzwa. Kunyora uzhinji hwekurukurirano, naizvozvo kuwanda kwenziyo kunogona kuchinja chimiro chenhengo.

Pinda Dzimba Dzeguta Nenzvimbo Dzinoitirwa Vanhu Vose

Vamiriri vazhinjisa vanoita misangano yehoro yetaundi apo vanenge vari muruwa rwavo. Kupinda nokubvunza mubvunzo wakasanogadzirirwa(mutoo unounza kufanana namasangano ·aken systems) zvinoparira kurukurirano nedzvinyiriro zvomunzvimbomo. Horo dzemataundi dzinozivikanwa navose, dzinowedzera kuwanikwa.

Wedzera Kana Kuti Tsigiro Mapoka Anodzora

Masangano e Grasroot anowedzera manzwi avanhu vamwe navamwe. Mapoka akafanana neChinzwano cheWomen Voters, ACLU, AARP, kana kuti zvirongwa zvisingapinduri chinyorwa zvinogovera gadziriro dzokungwaririra, mapfundo okutaura, uye mabasa adzo akabatana. Chiito chawo chinogona kuwirirana nepesvedzero yefariro dzinosanosanogadzirirwa.

Tsinhiro Pakutonga Nokuzvipa

Kunyange zvazvo mabhii ane mikana mishoma, munhu wose anogona kunyora uchapupu hwezvakanyorwa kuti anyorere pamutemo.

Vote(andiwo mudzimba dzevarimi

Sarudzo igadziriro yokupedzisa. Sarudzo huru, iyo inowanzova nechepfupi, ine pesvedzero zvikurukuru nemhaka yokuti dzinosarudza kuti vapi vanozoda kuoneka pasarudzo. Vanotsigira vanowirirana nemirangariro yako(* uye vanoita kuti vazvidavirire pashure pesarudzo(irwo rudzi rwakananga zvikurusa rwesimba rehurumende.

Shandisa Zvirongwa Zvenzanga

Mitezo yeCongress inotarisira zvinobudisa mashoko kuti ionekwe semanzwiro anoitwa. Kurwiswa kana kuti post yeFacebook kunogona kumanikidza kuti vanhu vapindure. Zvisinei, kuvimbisana zvakananga, kunoremekedza kunoshanda kupfuura kutaura kwokusabvumirana. Kunyora maakaundi ehurumende uye kushandisa zvirongwa zvechisimba zvinogona kuwedzera kuoneka.

Kukosha Kwedzidzo Yechibvumirano Mubasa Roubati Ushe Hwehurumende Hunodzora

Dzidzo yeCivic haisati ichingova bedzi kudzidza nomusoro mapazi matatu (h] iko pamusoro pokukudziridza unyanzvi hwokutora rutivi nenzira inobudirira.

Kunzwisisa Mavambo Ehurumende Nemabasa

Vadzidzi vanofanira kudzidza kuti unani hwehurumende hunoparadzira sei simba pakati pehurumende dzenyika nehurumende, kuparadzana kwemasimba, uye mabasa akasiyana ebazi rimwe nerimwe.

Kudzidza Gadziriro Yomutemo Mukushandiswa

Kupfuura nhano dzebhuku, vadzidzi vanobetserwa nemifananidzo yakadai seModel Congress kana kuti zvishandiso zvepaIndaneti zvakadai seiCbics.Miitiro iyi inodzidzisa kukurukurirana, kubvumirana, uye chokwadi chokuti kugadzira mitemo kunoshatisa. Kunzwisisa musiyano uri pakati pegweta, chisarudzo, uye mwero wekuongorora zvinobatsira vagari vemo kutevera nhau nenzira yokungwarira.

Kudzidza Kuverenga Nekufunga Kunonyanya Kuoma

Dzidzo yazvino uno yehurumende inofanira kubatanidza kuyera manyuko, kuziva fungidziro, uye kunzwisisa musiyano pakati pomurangariro neidi. Namashoko emitemo anowanzoshatiswa nezvinobudisa nhau zvinovhozhokera, vagari vanoda unyanzvi kusimbisa kutaura kwacho (Somuenzaniso, kunzvera rugwaro rwepamutemo rwebhirikiti pa Canerfet. gov kana kuti purogiramu dzedare.

Kutsigira Kubvira Pazera Rapakuvamba

Zvikoro zvinofanira kukurudzira kutora rutivi muhurumende yavadzidzi, makirabhu ekurukurirano, uye zvirongwa zvebasa romunzanga. Nzendo dzomumunda kundotaura macapitols kana kuti Washington, D.C., dzinogona kuva dzinoshandura. Masangano akafanana ne chikuva uye Bhen's Nhengedzero kuU.S. Hurumende[[ inogona kupa mibato yapachena. Vabereki navadzidzisi vanogona kuratidzira kupfurikidza nokukurukura mutemo wazvino uno muzvokudya kana kuti kupinda misangano yomunzvimbomo pamwe chete.

Zviitiko Zvakaitika Kare Pamitemo

Kunzwisisa kuti bazu remitemo rakaumba sei America, rangarira mitemo mishomanene yechiratidzo. Chibvumirano cheChibvumirano cheRecurition Act cha1946 chakapfuudzwa pashure pechikamu chenyundo refu yemamongi chaipfuura mazuva 60 (anopfuura) asati akumbirwa. Affordcable Care Act ya2010 yakatora gore rekurukurirano, madare akawanda, uye nzira yokuyananisa. Nguva pfupi yapfuura, Indaccoution Reduction Act ya2022 Act yashandisa mari yokuyananisa kuti ipfuure nevoruzhinji veDare. Mienzaniso iyi inoratidza kuti kupfuurira, kuvaka mubatanidzwa, uye zivo yezvokubatanidza zvinhu. Vagari vanodzidza izvi vanogona kushandisa zvidzidzo kunhindiva.

Kufa Kunoita Bhiri: Mapfundo Akawanda Anouraya

Kunowanzotaurwa kuti kune chiuru chenzira dzokuuraya nadzo chikwereti. Kunzwisisa aya mapfundo "matsotsi" kunogona kubetsera varevereri kukarira chishoro. Chibvumirano chingafa kana chigaro chikaramba kuronga kunzwa, dare rinochivhota, Dare Rinodzora rinoramba mutemo, mutungamiriri woruzhinji haarongi nguva youriri, mutungamiriri weChizvarwa chebuster anotsigirwa, dare remusangano harigoni kusvika bvumirano, kana kuti Purezidhendi wevhasi pasina dzvinyiriro. Chikamu chimwe nechimwe ibanza nokuda kwavagari vemo kuti vashandise dzvinyiriro.

Mugumisiro: Inzwi Rako Injini Youtongi Hunosarudzwa Navanhu

Bazu rewiscioti harisi sangano riri kure(iro ndiro rinoita kuti vanhu vose vadzokere. Kuvambira padzimba dzedare kusvikira kunharo dzouriri, kubvira pahoro yetaundi yomunzvimbomo kusvikira kusigina yepurezidhendi, nhano iri yose inopa mikana yokuti vagari vemo vanoziva vagadzirise muuyo. dzidzo yeCBICO inogovera mepu, asi chiito chinogovera mafuta. Nokunzwisisa chivako cheCongress, rwendo rwechibvumirano, uye nzira dzakawanda dzokuita nadzo, unogona kubva pakutarira uchienda kumutsigiriki anoshingaira. inzwi rako, apo rinoshandiswa nezivo, rinova mutemo.