Dare reUnited States rinomira serimwe ramasangano emitemo ane simba zvikurusa uye anotsaura munyika. Sorutivi rwapakarepo rwehurumende yeAmerica, Dare rinoita basa rinokosha mukuumba muitiro worudzi, kunzvera simba ravakuru vakuru, uye kumirira fariro dzehurumende imwe neimwe mukati megadziriro yedu yomubatanidzwa. Kunzwisisa chimiro cheDare, masimba, uye mitoro zvinokosha nokuda kwomunhu upi noupi anotsvaka kunzwisisa kuti mabasa ehurumende yeAmerica uye kuti mitemo inoitwa sei muriphabliki redu rebumbiro remitemo.

Chii Chiri Dare reUnited States?

Iyi dare inzvimbo mbiri dzeCongress, ine mitezo 100, nehurumende imwe neimwe inomirirwa navatenzi vaviri. iyi mufananidzo wakaenzana unovimbisa kuti nyika duku dzine inzwi rimwe chetero muDare, dzakakura zvikuru, dzine vanhu vakawanda zvikuru (jere rokusabvumirana pane zvisina kufanira) rakabuda muKukuru mukati meKokorodzano yeBumbiro reMitemo ya 1787.

Vatongi vanobatira mashoko amakore matanhatu anozunguzika, kuva nechokwadi chokupfuurira noruzivo rwokuzviwanira mukati meimba. Kusafanana neImba yaVamiririri, umo mitezo yose inotarisana nerusarudzo makore maviri ari ose, inenge bedzi chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chezvigaro zveDare chinokwikwidzwa munhambo ipi neipi yakapiwa. Chikamu chimwe bedzi chetatu chevatongi chinosarudzwa makore maviri ari ose (matatu evamiririri vanoramba vari mitezo yazvino). Naizvozvo, Dare ndiro dare rinongori "dare rinoramba richiitwa."

Chivako cheDare chinosimbisa kurangarira, mirau yenhambo refu, uye murangariro wakafara wenyika zvichienzaniswa neImba. Iyi gadziriro inoratidzira vavariro yavatangi yokuumba mutumbi wemitemo uyo waizobatira sesimba rinodzikamisa, wakatapurwa zvishoma kuzvishuvo zvapakarepo zvendangariro yavose uye wakanangidzirwa zvikuru pakurangarirwa kwokungwarira kwenhau dzakaoma.

Nzvimbo yeDare Mubazu Romutemo

Chikamu I cheBumbiro reMitemo reU.S. chinopa masimba ose emitemo kuBangaral Congress: Imba yavamiririri neDare izvo zviri muuyo we "Kubvumirana Kukuru" kutsvaka kudzikamisa tapuro dzemibato yakakurumbira nefariro dzenyika. Ichi chivako chebhiyara chinoumba gadziriro umo makamuri ose ari maviri anofanira kushanda pamwe chete kuisa mutemo, kugovera mirwi mizhinji yehwirudzuro nefungidziro.

Dzimba mbiri dzacho dzakafanana zvikuru mumabasa adzo omutemo nemabasa. Imba bedzi inogona kuvamba mutemo wemari, uye Dare bedzi rinosimbisa kunyoreswa kwapurezidhendi nezvibvumirano zvinotenderwa, asi kugadzwa kwomutemo nguva dzose kunoda kuti makamuri ose ari maviri abvumirane zvakaenzana muchimiro chimwe chetecho asati aupa kuna Purezidhendi.

Dare rinosangana muchivako cheUnited States Capitol muWashington, D.C., umo vamiririri vanoitisa bhizimisi ravo remitemo, vanoita dare rinotonga nyaya, uye vanokurukura nhau dzakatarisana norudzi. Ukuru huduku hwekamuri racho kana huchienzaniswa neNzvimbo yeVamiririri 435 inobvumira kukurukurirana kukuru zvikuru uye inopa vatevedzeri vamwe navamwe simba guru pamuitiro wemitemo.

Mabasa Edare Nemabasa Edare

Mitoro iyi inotambanukira kupfuura kugadzira mitemo yakapfava kuti ibatanidze utarisiri, kusimbisa, uye kubatira senzvero pazvose zviri zviviri simba romukuru mukuru nerokutonga.

Chiremera Chomutemo

Mukuwirirana nebasa iroro nechiremera charo chemari yokuronga mari, irowo, neImba, rinotarisira masangano makuru ebazu nehurumende. Chikamu chiri chose chomutemo wehurumende chinofanira kupfuura navose vari vaviri Dare neImba yaVamiriri vasati vagona kutumirwa kuna Purezidhendi nokuda kwokusaina.

Muitiro womutemo muDare unosiana zvikuru nouyo uri muImba. Mitemo yeDare nemiitiro, kune rumwe rutivi, kufarira kurangarira chiito chokukurumidza, sezvo kuchigovera simba retsika kunyanzvi dzomutemo. Ikoku kunoreva kuti kurukurirano muDare yakakura zvikuru, uye vatevedzeri mumwe nomumwe vane simba guru rokupesvedzera, kunonotsa, kana kuti kuvhara mutemo kupfuura vamwe vavo muImba.

Mabhiri anogona kusumwa nedare ripi neripi uye ipapo anonongedzerwa kudare rakakodzera ranorangarira. Dare rimwe nerimwe rakamira ringarangarira, kugadziridza, uye kushuma zvikwereti zvinova pasi poudzori hwaro. Pashure pokuhwirudzura kwedare, zvikwereti zvinotamira kuuriri hweDare nokuda kwekurukurirano nokuvhota. Kuregeredza kwomugariro weDare kunoreva kuti kuvaka bvumirano nokubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira kutevedzerwa kunokosha kwomuitiro wemitemo.

Mazano Nesimba Rinobvumirwa

Simba rinorondedzera reDare isimba raro rokupa zano nokubvuma panhau huru nedzokutonga. Iri chiremera rinoita basa guru mukuumba utungamiriri hwehurumende yehurumende yehurumende nechimiro chayo choukama hwedzimwe nyika. Iri basa rebumbiro remitemo rinopa pesvedzero inokosha pamusoro pouyo anobatira munzvimbo huru muhurumende yose yehurumende yomubatanidzwa.

Bumbiro reMitemo rinopa kuti purezidhendi a "achagadza, uye kupfurikidza uye neChikarakadzo neRevoidzo zveDare, achagadza vamiriri, vamwe vapfumi vavose naVatongi, Vatongi veDare Rapamusorosoro, uye vamwe vakuru vakuru vose veUnited States... (Njere 2, Chikamu 2). Iri simba rinovimbisa kuti Dare rishande sechenjero inokosha pakugadzwa kwapurezidhendi.

Dare rine chiremera chakakwana chokusimbisa zvigaro zvapurezidhendi zvenzvimbo dzenzvimbo dzapamusoro, zvakadai savatongi veDare repamusorosoro, vatongi vehurumende, uye mitezo yedare. Muitiro wekusimbisa unowanzovamba nokutongwa kwedare, umo vamirinei vanopindura mibvunzo nenzvero yemeso kubva kuvanemine. Kazhinji kazhinji, munhamba ndiye musoro wokutanga kukutonga pamberi pedare reDare reSamende. Pashure pacho, kunyoreswa kwomurume kunorangarirwa neDare rose.

Nepo vamiririri vazhinjisa vachisimbiswa pakupedzisira, simba reDare rokuramba kunyorwa kwamashoko rinobatira sechekero inokosha pachiremera chikuru. Vazhinjisa vadzorwi vanosimbiswa; zvisinei, muchiverengero chiduku chenhau gore rimwe nerimwe, matare eDare anokundikana namaune kuita chiito pakuzvimirira kuidzivisa. Mukuwedzera, purezidhendi pane dzimwe nguva anobvisa kuvhota apo anoratidzika kuva asingabvumiki. Nemhaka yeichi, kuramba chose chose kwavasina misengwa pauriri hweDare hakuwanzoitwi.

Treaty Retation

Bumbiro reMitemo rinopa Dare simba rokutendera, kupfurikidza nevhoti mbiri dzezvitatu, zvibvumirano zvinoitwa nebazu guru. Ichi chinodikanwa nokuda kwesimba guru chinovimbisa kuti zvibvumirano zvamarudzi ose zvine tsigiro huru United States isati yaita kwavari.

Tsamba dzinotaurirwa napurezidhendi dzinofanira kutenderwa nevhoti mbiri dzezvitatu muDare dzisati dzava dzinosunga zviri pamutemo. Uku kutangira kwakakwirira kunoreva kuti purezidhendi anofanira kushanda kuvaka tsigiro yebipartis yezvirongwa zvavo zvemitemo yokumwe, uye kunopa pesvedzero huru yeDare pamusoro pezvibvumirano zvamarudzi ose zveAmerica.

Mugadziriro yomutemo, zvibvumirano zvinobatwa sezvikwereti zvikuru: zvinonongedzerwa kuInternational Relations Committee, uko kungarangarirwa ndokushumwa. Dare rinogona kurangarira chibvumirano pauriri mumiitiro yakafanana inoshandiswa nokuda kwemitemo. The Foreign Relations Committee inoita basa rinokosha zvikuru mukunzvera zvibvumirano uye kuita rumbidzo kuDare rakazara.

Kuedza Miedzo

Uyezve, ndiyo chete ine basa rokuedza kuisa mudare, kusimbisa kugadzwa kwapurezidhendi, uye kubvumiranwa kwesungano.

Chikamu I, Chikamu 3, Claus 6 cheBumbiro reMitemo chinoti: "Dare richava nesimba rimwe rokuedza zvitendero zvose... uye hakuna Munhu achawanwa ane mhaka pasina Kuvapo kwezvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvemitezo iripo. Iyi gadziriro yebumbiro remitemo inoita Dare rive muvambi wekupedzisira munhau dzinosatemwa.

Mukuru mukuru anorairwa kamwe apo bedzi vavhoti veImba vanobvumira nyaya yokusatendeseka. Imba ipapo inotumira mhaka - nyaya dzekusabvumirana - teerera – kuDare, iro rinozviumba rimene kuva dare rinobetsera vatongi. Mukati mokutonga kusingatendirwi, Dare rinonzwa ufakazi, rinoteerera kunharo dzinobva kumativi ose ari maviri, uye pakupedzisira rinovhota kana kusungwa ndokubvisa mukuru mukuru mukuru pahofisi.

Dare rinewo simba rokuwanira mhaka mukuru mukuru kana kuti mutongi ane vhoti mbiri nhatu mukutongwa kwokusateererwa. Ichi chinodikanwa chikuru chinovimbisa kuti kubviswa pahofisi kunoda bvumirano yakafara uye hakugoni kuitwa kupfurikidza namavhoti mazhinjisa anotora.

Kuratidzirwa Kunoitwa Vacheri

Kusarudzwa kuDare kunoitwa paChipiri chokutanga pashure poMuvhuro wokutanga muna November muanotova makore ane nhamba, Zuva Rokusarudza, uye kunoitika panguva imwe cheteyo nesarudzo nokuda kweImba yaVamiririri. Vasarudzo vanosarudzwa nehurumende yavo yose. Uku kutsigira kwehurumende kwakapararira kunosiyanisa vateshi nemitezo yeNhaka, vanomirira maruwa chaiwo emisangano mukati menyika.

Gadziriro yazvino yesarudzo yakananga yakaitwa navavhoti yakanga isiri mhaka nguva dzose. Pakuvamba, Bumbiro remitemo rakagoverwa kuti vatenzi vasarudzwe nemitemo yehurumende. Ikoku kwakachinja nokunatswa kweSeventeenth Amendment muna 1913, iyo yakatanga sarudza yakananga yavatenzi nevhoti yakakurumbira. Iyi chinjo yakanga ichiitirwa kuti iite kuti Dare ridavire vanhu zvikuru ndokuderedza uori mumuitiro wokusarudza.

Mumaruwa 45, sarudzo huru inoitwa pakutanga nokuda kwemapati eRepublican neDemocratic, uye mativi mashomanene akasarudzwa echitatu, zvichitsamira pahurumende, nesarudzo yavose pashure pemwedzi mishomanene gare gare. Muzhinjisa dzeidzi nyika, nhivi dzingagamuchira bedzi kuva dzakawanda. Mudzimwe nyika, kunyanduka kunodikanwa kana pasina voruzhinji vakawanwa. Mitemo chaiyo inodzora sarudzo inosiana inosiana nehurumende, inoratidzira mugariro wehurumende yeAmerica.

Nemhaka yokuti mashoko eDare amakore matanhatu uye sarudzo anokatyamadzwa, kuumbwa kweDare kunochinja zvishoma nezvishoma zvikuru kupfuura Imba yavamiriri. Mutezo uri wose weImba unokwirira nokuda kwokuvhota kana kuti sarudzazve makore maviri ari ose, asi Dare rine gadziriro inodzedzereka umo chikamu chimwe bedzi chezvitatu chavaSarudzo kana kuti kusarudzwazve makore maviri ari ose. Kunobvira kuti Imba ichinje kusvikira kutambanuko huru (mumifungo yokudzora kwebato) makore maviri ari ose, asi chinjo dzinoderera muDare.

Kutungamirira Kwedare uye Kuronga

Gadziriro youtungamiriri yeDare yakasiyana zvikuru neiyo yeImba yaVamiririri. Nepo Imba ichitungamirirwa nomutauri ane simba, utungamiriri hweDare hunoparadzirwa zvikuru uye hushomanene.

Mutungamiriri weHurumende uye Purezidhendi Anoita Zvekunyora

Mutungamiriri weDare anotonga ari iye Mutungamiriri weDare asi anogona kuvhota kana paine chibvumirano.Bhishopi iri rinopa Mutungamiriri weHurumende basa rakaganhurirwa asi rinokosha muDare, kunyanya kana nzvimbo yacho yakakamuraniswa zvikuru pakati pemapoka.

Bumbiro reMitemo rinobvumira Dare kusarudza purezidhendi pro compore (chiLatin nokuda kwe "mutungamiriri kwenguva yakati"), uyo anotungamirira kamuri racho mukusavapo kwomutevedzeri wapurezidhendi uye, kupfurikidza netsika, mutarisiri webato revoruzhinji ane chinyorwa chinopfuurira chebasa. Zvisinei, kufanana nomukuru mukuru mukuru wapurezidhendi, propostora nguva dzose haatungamiriri paDare, asi anotungamirira chaizvoizvo mutoro wokutungamirira kudare guru rinotonga mudare, kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji mumabhuroko eawa rimwe pahwaro hunotenderera.

Kazhinji kazhinji, vatsva vedare (mitezo ichangobva kusarudzwa) vanokumbirwa kutungamirira kuitira kuti vagova vakarovedzana nemitemo nemiitiro zvomuviri. Uyu muitiro unobetsera vatenzi vatsva kudzidza mitemo yekamuri apo vanenge vachigovera vakuru vakuru vari madikanwa nokuda kwebhizimisi renguva dzose.

Vatungamiriri Vakuru Nevaduku

MuDare, vatungamiriri vazhinjisa navashoma vanowanzoshanda pamwe chete mukubvunza mitezo yose kusarudza rudungwe. Uku kubatira pamwe kunoratidzira gadziriro duku yeDare uye vakuru vakuru vesimba mumwe nomumwe vanobatira pasi pemirau yeDare.

Mutungamiriri woruzhinji anobatira somumiriri mukuru webato ravo uye anoita basa rinokosha mukusarudza mitemo, kunyange zvazvo simba ravo rakaganhurirwa zvikuru kupfuura iro reHouse Speaker. Mutungamiriri muduku nenzira yakafanana anomirira fariro dzebato ravo uye anoshanda kufambisira mberi zvinhu zvavo zvemitemo kana kuti kumisa zvirongwa zvakawanda apo zviri madikanwa.

Varwi Vedare Nevashandi

Mukuru mukuru weDare ndiye munyori weDare, anochengeta zvinyorwa zvavose, anobvisa mibhadharo, anotarisira kuwanikwa kwezviteshi nemigove, uye anotarisira vanyori. Mumwe mukuru mukuru mukuru mukuru mukuru mukuru ndiye sajeni ari pahondo uyo, somutarisiri mukuru wedare, anochengeta nhevedzano nechengeteko panzvimbo yeDare.

Vakuru vakuru ava, pamwe chete nevamwe vashandi vakawanda, vanotsigira mabasa eDare uye vanobatsira kuti imba yacho ishande zvinobudirira. Dare rinoshandisawo mutarisiri weparamende anopa zano mukuru mukuru panyaya dzemitemo uye anobatsira kuturikira mitemo yakaoma yekamuri racho.

Gadziriro yeDare reDare reDare

Basa rakawanda reDare rinoitika mumatare, umo kunzverwa kwakakwana kwemitemo, kutarisirwa kwamasangano anotungamirira, uye kurangarirwa kwezvirongwa. Gadziriro yedare inobvumira vatenzi kuvamba unyanzvi munharaunda dzakati dzemiitiro uye mufambiro kuhwirudzurwa kwakakwana kwenhau dzakaoma.

Basa rakawanda redare rinoitwa namatare 16 akamira, rimwe nerimwe rine chiremera pamusoro pemunda wakadai seukama hwemari kana kuti hwokumwe.

Dare rimwe nerimwe rakamira rinorangarira zvigaro zvapurezidhendi kumahofisi ane chokuita noukuru hwaro. Somuenzaniso, Dare reJadicary rinorangarira vamirine nokuda kwezvigaro zvehurumende, uye Foreign Relations Committee inorangarira zvinzvimbo muBato reHurumende. Iri boka ravashandi rinobvumira vamiririri vane unyanzvi hwakafanira kuitisa kunzverwa kwamashoko ane udzame kwavose.

Matare angavhara zvikwereti ndokudzivisa zvikwereti kusvika pauriri hweDare. matare akamira anotarisirawo madhipatimendi namasangano ebazu guru. Iri basa rokutarisira rinokosha nokuda kwokuva nechokwadi chokuzvidavirira mubazu guru nokunzvera zvinetso zvinobvira kana kuti kusazvibata.

Masimba aya anoongorora anoita kuti matare aunganidze mashoko, amanikidzire kuongorora, uye aongorore nhau dziri mukati mawo.

Simba Redare Nezviito Zvomumatare

Dare rine zvinhu zvinoverengeka zvakasiyana izvo zvinoritsauranisa neImba Yavamiririri uye zvinoripa basa rakasiyana nemamwe mumitemo yeAmerica.

Chibage uye Chiso

Dare rine nhau refu yokushandisa shoko renzi filbuster(a rinovambira kuma1850 muUnited States) kunonoka kukurukura kana kuti kuisa mutemo unodzivisa. Vanababa vanobvumira vatsigiri kutambanudza kurukurirano kusvikira kunguva isingazivikanwi, vachidzivisa nenzira inobudirira vhoti pamutemo kutoti kana mutongi mukuru achibvumirana kugumisa gakava.

Simba reDare rinobatanidza mano okuvhara mutemo kupfurikidza nemonilbuster, uko kunogona kuda chiverengero chikuru chavavhoti 60 kugumisa gakava. Iri shandiro remitemo rinopa simba rinokosha kubato duku navakuru vakuru, kuchida voruzhinji kuvaka bvumirano huru nokuda kwemitemo inomutsa nharo.

Muitiro wokugumisa nhumbu unozivikanwa sekusvetuka. Nepo chikumbaridzo chaicho chokuvhota chachinja nokufamba kwenguva, mutemo wazvino uno unowanzoda mavhoti 60 kuti upetetetetete panhau zhinjisa. Kukwidziridza kubvunzirwa kwemitatu yedare asi kuruma kunogona kukumbirwa parumananzombe nedanho rakapfava.

Chinoumba chirevo chinokosha nokuda kwokuita chisarudzo chemitemo sezvachinobvumira vashomanene vavakuru vakuru kutambanudza kurukurirano uye kuvhara vhoti pamabhiri, vachida nenzira inobudirira kukurira kuwanda kwevhoti 60 dzokukurira. Ikoku kunogona kutungamirira kukurongeka kwemitemo mikuru kukuita kuti kuve kwakaoma kuti mitemo ipedzerwe nokupesvedzera kuti ishande nenzira inobudirira sei.

Mitemo yeDare Nezviito

Dare rinodzorwa neBumbiro reMitemo, mutezo wemitemo, mienzaniso yakagadzwa munzira yomuitiro wokutonga, uye mitemo chaiyo yomuitiro inogamuchirwa nomutemo nokuda kwamarudzi akati omutemo. iyi mitemo inosarudza kuti zvikwereti nezvisarudzo zvinosundwa sei kurutivi rwokupinda, gadziriro yematare eDare, kuti kurukurirano inopfuurira sei pauriri hweimba, uye kuti mitezo inovhota sei.

Kusafanana neImba, iyo inogamuchira mitemo mitsva pamavambo eDare rimwe nerimwe, mitemo yeDare inoenderera mberi kubva paDare rimwe kusvikira kune rinotevera. Uku kupfuuridzirwa kunosimbisa vara reDare se "muviri unonyanyisa" uye kunobetsera kusimbisa kwekamuri pagamuchidzanwa napamuenzaniso.

Mitemo yeDare inowanzogovera kurukurirano yapachena zvikuru uye kupa vatevedzeri vamwe navamwe mabanza akawanda okupesvedzera mutemo kupfuura mitemo yeImba inogovera kuvamiriri. Uku kujeka kunogona kutungamirira kukurangarira kwakakwana zvikuru asi kunogonawo kukuita kwakaoma zvikuru kupfupikisa mutemo nokukurumidza.

Mamwe Masimba Ebumbiro Remitemo

Chikamu I, chikamu 5, cheBumbiro reMitemo reU.S. chinogovera kuti "Imba iri Yose [yeDare] ingasarudza Mitemo yezvinoitika zvayo, kuranga mitezo yayo nokuda kwetsika dzisina nhevedzano, uye, nokubvumirana kwematatu maviri, kudzinga mutezo." Iri simba rokuzvitonga rinobvumira Dare kuchengeta chirango nemipimo pakati pemitezo yaro.

Censure chimiro chechirango chinoshandiswa neDare mukurwisana nemitezo yaro (dzimwe nguva kunonongedzerwa kwachiri sokushurikidza kana kuti kushurikidza). Kutaura kwakarongwa kwokusatendera, kutsiura hakubvisi mutezo wokushanda. Ikoku kunopa muitiro wokuti Dare riratidzire kusatendera mufambiro womutezo pasina nhano yokunyanyisa zvikuru yokudzingwa.

Basa Redare Mukunzvera Nokudzikama

Dare rinoita basa rinokosha mugadziriro yeAmerica yechekero nedzikamo, richibatira senzvero pazvose zviri zviviri mapazu avakuru vakuru navanotonga nepo richidzikamisawo imba huru yepopulist yeVamiririri.

Simba iri rinoita basa rinokosha mugadziriro yokuongorora uye dzikamo zvakagadzirirwa kuganhurira chiremera chevakuru vakuru uye kuva nechokwadi chokuti zvisarudzo zvinokosha zvinoongororwa nokutenderwa nedare remitemo rakaparadzana. Nokuda kuti Dare ritendererwe pakugadzwa kukuru uye zvibvumirano, Bumbiro remitemo rinovimbisa kuti Purezidhendi haakwanisi kuita zvinhu pasina kubuda munzvimbo idzi dzinokosha.

Mano ebazu rimwe nerimwe okupindura zviito zvamamwe mapazu igadziriro yechekero nedzikamo. Bazu rimwe nerimwe rehurumende rinogona kuchinja mabasa amamwe mapazu: purezidhendi anogona kuisa mutemo wakagadzirwa neCongress. Dare, rinogonawo kukurira mavhoti maviri namatatu (mubatano neImba) uye rinogona kuramba mabhishopi namabvumirano zvapurezidhendi.

Dare rinoita basa rinokosha mugadziriro yezvamatongerwe enyika yeAmerica, richirwisana neImba yaVamiriri nebazu ravakuru vakuru. Nepo Imba inowanzoratidzira mirangariro yavose yapakarepo, Dare rinogovera murangariro unoyerwa zvikuru, wenguva refu pamusoro pomutemo nokutonga.

Misiyano Pakati peDare Neimba Yavamiriri

Kunyange zvazvo matare ose ari maviri achitonga pamwe chete, anosiyana munzira dzinokosha dzinochinja mashandiro aanoita uye mabasa aanoita muhurumende yeAmerica.

Hukuru nemirariro

Nepo kune zvigaro 100 muDare (vatenate vaviri vanobva munyika imwe neimwe), kune zvigaro 435 muImba yaVamiririri (mumiriri mumwe anobva muruwa rumwe norumwe rwakasiana - siana rwemaruwa emisangano, nechiverengero chamaruwa emisangano munyika imwe neimwe inosarudzwa navagari vemo). Uyu musiano mukuru muukuru nomufananidzo unoparira simba rakasiana muimba imwe neimwe.

Vatari vanomirira nyika dzavo dzose, asi mitezo yeImba inomirira maruwa mamwe namamwe. Nhamba yamaruwa munyika imwe neimwe inosarudzwa nechiverengero chavagari vehurumende. Ikoku kunoreva kuti vatengi vanowanzomirira miganhu mikuru neyakasiana--- siyana kupfuura mitezo yeImba, inogona kupesvedzera tsika dzavo nenhamba dzezvamatongerwe enyika.

Mutezo wedare unowanzotakura simba guru kupfuura mutezo mumwe nomumwe weImba nemhaka yokuti unomirira nyika yose pamwe chete noruwa rumwe mukati menyika. Uku kuwirirana kukuru, kwakabatanidzwa noukuru huduku hweDare, kazhinji kazhinji kunopa vatendi mumwe nomumwe chiono chikuru nepesvedzero kupfuura mitezo mimwe nemimwe yeImba.

Mashoko Ehofisi Neanosarudza

Vatongi vanosarudzwa nokuda kweshoko ramakore matanhatu, asi vamiriri veImba vane bedzi mashoko amakore maviri vasati vada kutsvakazve kusarudzwa. Musiyano uyu mumashoko enhambo une revo dzinokosha nokuda kwenzira iyo mitezo yekamuri rimwe nerimwe inoita nayo mabasa avo.

Mitemo yeDare refu inobvumira vasande kuti varangarire nhau dzemiitiro kwenguva refu uye vangaita zvisarudzo zvingasafarirwa munguva pfupi asi zvinobetsera munguva pfupi. Mitezo yemba, inotarisana nesarudzo makore maviri ari ose, ingava inogamuchira zvikuru itiro hanya dzapakarepo uye murangariro wavanhu wazvino uno.

Vanofanira Kushanda Muhofisi

Mitezo yemba inofanira kuva namakore makumi maviri namashanu ezera navagari vemo kwamakore manomwe. Vacherekedzi vane makore anenge makumi matatu okukura uye vagari vemo kwamakore mapfumbamwe. Ava vane zera rakakwirira zvikuru navagari vemo nokuda kwavakuru vakuru vanoratidzira vavariro yavavambi kuti Dare richava boka rinopfupikisa zvikuru rakaumbwa navanhu vane ruzivo rwokuzviwanira zvikuru.

Masimba Anopfuura Ose

Dare rimwe nerimwe rine masimba akati akakwana ayo rimwe harigoverani.Chikamu I, Chikamu 7 cheBumbiro reMitemo inotaura kuti zvikwereti zvakaitirwa kukwidza mari zvinofanira kuvamba muImba. Iyi ndiimwe yemisiano mikuru pakati peImba neDare. Iri simba rinoratidzira basa reImba sekamuri riri pedyosa navanhu, avo pakupedzisira vanofanira kutakura mutoro womutero.

Dare, kune rumwe rutivi, rine simba bedzi retendero pazvibvumirano zvokumwe nezvibvumirano zvedare ramatare, kubatanidza kugadza kuDare Rapamusorosoro.

Muzvinoitika zvokusabvumirana (muchib., Andrew Johnson muna 1868 naBill Clinton muna 1998), Imba inosarudza kana pomero dzichigona kuunzwa kumukuru mukuru, uye vhoti zhinjisa inotenderwa kana kuti kuramba kunyorwa kwepomero (muitiro wokupa mhaka). Kana yakatenderwa, Dare rinobatira ipapo sedare rinoongorora kana pomero yacho yakafanirwa nokubvisa mukuru mukuru mukuru anopomerwa muhofisi yake kana kuti muhofisi yake.

Misiyano Inooneka

Nkane mana mitezo, Imba inotevera miitiro iri pedyosa uye ganhuriro. Nharo inodokuva isina kuganhurirwa muDare uye mitezo yose ine banza rokutora rutivi zvikuru.

Imba, nemitezo yayo mikuru, inoda miitiro yakarongeka zvikuru kuti ishande zvakanaka. Ukuru huduku negamuchidzanwa rekurukurirano dzakarebeswa zvinobvumira kurukurirano yakakwana zvikuru yenhau asi zvinogonawo kutungamirira kumuitiro wemitemo unononoka.

Tapuro Yedare Pakutonga kweAmerica

Chimiro chechienzi cheDare namasimba zvine tapuro huru pamadzorerwe eUnited States uye nzira iyo muitiro unoitwa nayo pamwero womubatanidzwa.

Kumirira Fariro Dzehurumende

Chivako cheDare chinovimbisa kuenzana kwehurumende imwe neimwe, kudzikamisa mamiriro avanhu muImba. Iyi gadziriro inodzivirira fariro dzehurumende mumutengo wehurumende, kubatanidza mamiriro ezvemari, chengeteko, uye miitiro yenzanga. Nyika duku dzine inzwi rimwe chetero muDare senyika huru, dzichiva nechokwadi chokuti fariro dzadzo hadzigoni kudzorwa chose chose nenyika dzakawanda.

Iyi mufananidzo wakaenzana wakanga uri kubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira kunokosha uko kwakaita kuti Bumbiro reMitemo ribvire, kukurukura itiro hanya dzenyika duku kuti dzingadzorwa nenyika huru mugadziriro yakavakirwa pavagari vemo bedzi. Inopfuurira kuumba matongerwe enyika eAmerica nhasi, sezvo vatengi vanobva kunyika dzine vanhu vashomanene zvikuru vanogona kushandisa pesvedzero huru pamusoro pomutemo worudzi.

Kusimudzira Uori uye Kusarudza

Gadziriro yeDare nemirau zvinokurudzira kurangarira nokuvakwa kwebvumirano huru. Chinodikanwa chezvivhoti zvesimba guru panhau dzakati, vanambuya, uye tsika yekurukurirano dzakarebeswa zvose zvinosunda vatendi kubvumiranisa pane zvisina kufanira uye kukurukura panzvimbo pomutemo wakapfava woruzhinji.

Kupfurikidza neiyi mitoro, Dare rinobetsera kuva nechokwadi chokuti mutemo unorangarirwa nokufunga uye kuti maruramiro enyika dzose dziri mbiri navanhu anodzivirirwa mukati megadziriro huru yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu yeAmerica. Iri basa rokuzvidira rinobatira sechimbichimbi chiito chokukurumidzira uye rinobetsera kuvimbisa kuti chinjo huru dzemiitiro dzine tsigiro yakafara.

Kutarisira uye Kuzvidavirira

Mitoro yeDare inobetsera kuvimbisa kuzvidavirira muhurumende yose yehurumende. Kupfurikidza nokutonga kwedare, kunzvera, uye muitiro wokusimbisa, vatarisiri vanonzvera zviito zvamasangano anotungamirira uye vanoita kuti vakuru vakuru vehurumende vazvidavirire nokuda kwokuita kwazvo.

Dare rinotarisirwa kuitisa mhaka vakuru vakuru vehurumende, kubatanidza purezidhendi, nenzira iyoyo achiita basa rinokosha mukuchengeta kuzvidavirira mukati mehurumende.iyi nzvero yokupedzisira pamufambiro usina kururama inovimbisa kuti kunyange vakuru vakuru vakuru vanogona kuzvidavirira nokuda kwechakaipa chakakomba.

Zvinetso Zvenguva Ino uye Magakava

Dare rinotarisana nedenho dzakasiana - siana nenharo munhambo yazvino uno, sezvo kuchinja kwesimba rezvamatongerwe enyika uye kubudisa kariro dzavose kunoedza miitiro yegamuchidzanwa yesangano racho nemiitiro.

Kuchinja Kunoita Kudenga

Kuwedzera kwenzvimbo dzinopesana kwatapura kuti Dare rinoshanda sei, kuchikuita kuti kuve kwakaoma zvikuru kuvaka bvumirano yokuti mitemo yenzvimbo negamuchidzanwa zvinokurudzira. Kusimbisa hondo pamusoro pevatongi navakuru vakuru kwazova kurwisana kukuru, uye kushandiswa kwemonilbuster kwazova kwapanguva dzose uye kunodzivisa zvikuru.

Uku kupesana kunogona kutungamirira kukuita kuti mutemo unokosha uregedzerwe, apo hapana mubatanidzwa unogona kuunganidza mavhoti 60 anodikanwa kukurira nhumbu. Vamwe vacherekedzi vanotaura kuti iyi nhambo inodzivisa chiito chiri madikanwa pakukurumidzisa nhau dzorudzi, nepo vamwe vachipokanidza kuti unodzivirira pamutemo unokurumidzira kana kuti unorangarirwa zvisina kunaka.

Gakava Pamusoro Pemitemo Yedare

Mitemo yeDare, zvikurukuru nomwana, yave iri nhau yekurukurirano inopfuurira. Vamwe vanotaura kuti nhumbuster chishandiso chinokosha chokudzivirira nacho kodzero dzevoruzhinji uye kurangarira kunokurudzira, nepo vamwe vachipikisa kuti inobvumira vashomanene kuvhiringidza kuda kworuzhinji uye inodzivisa chiito chiri madikanwa panhau dzinokosha.

Chinjo kumitemo yeDare, zvikurukuru pamusoro pechinoumba mwana, yakaitika mumakore achangobva kupfuura aya. Chikumbaridzo chokukwevera kurova pagunodo chaderedzwa kuva voruzhinjiwo zvavo, kuchikuita kuti kuve nyore kusimbisa vakagadzwa sapurezidhendi asiwo kuderedza mano eboka duku okudzivisa kuiswa kweminondo.

Kumirira uye Ubati Ushe Hwehurumende Hunodzora

Kumirira kwakaenzana kweDare reHurumende, pasinei zvapo nechiverengero chavagari vemo, kwakanyandura gakava pamusoro pomufananidzo wedemokrasi. Vatsoropodzi vanonongedzera kuti vatendi vanomirira vashomanene vavagari veAmerica vanogona kuvhara mutemo unotsigirwa navatengi vanomirira voruzhinji veAmerica. Varevereri vanotaura kuti ichi chimiro chinodzivirira utongi hwehurumende uye chinodzivisa nyika huru kudzora duku.

Idzi kurukurirano dzinoratidzira kusawirirana kunopfuurira muhurumende inosarudzwa navanhu yeAmerica pakati poutongi hwakawanda nekodzero shomanene, pakati pechinzwano chorudzi nouchangamire hwenyika, uye pakati pokubudirira nokurangarira mukutonga.

Gadziriro Yomutemo Mudare

Kunzwisisa kuti mutemo unofamba sei kupfurikidza neDare kunobetsera kujekesa basa renzvimbo muhurumende yeAmerica uye denho dzokugadza mutemo wehurumende.

Sumo Nerangariro yeDare

Mitemo inogona kutangwa nedare ripi neripi, iro rinova mutsigiri wemitemo. Mabhiri acho ipapo anonongedzerwa kudare rakakodzera rakavakirwa panhau yavo yenhau. Chikamu chedare chinokosha, sezvo apa ndipo apo nzvero ine udzame nokugadziridzwa kwemitemo zvinoitika chaizvoizvo.

Matare ane matare anotonga kuti aunganidze mashoko uye anzwe kunyanzvi, vachengeti vemari, uye vanhu vanofarira.Anogona kudzorera zvikwereti, kuzvibatanidza nemimwe mitemo, kana kuti kusarudza kusatongoita chimwe chinhu pazviri.

Kurangarira Nokukakavadzana

Kana mutongo wangoshumwa bedzi uchibva mudare, unogona kurongerwa kurangarirwa kwouriri. Tsika yeDare yekurukurirano isina kuganhurirwa inoreva kuti vatarisiri vedare vanogona kutaura kwenguva refu pamusoro pomutemo, vachipa gadziridzo nokusimudzira itiro hanya.

Kubvumirana kwokuvaka uye kubvumirana kunowanzodiwa kuti mutemo uenderere mberi, kunyanya panyaya dzinonetsa.

Kufambisa Uye Kupfuura

Mutemo wakawanda zvikurusa unoda voruzhinji kuti vapfuure Dare. Zvisinei, kukunda vanaichinoda mavhoti 60 nokuda kwokunzwa, kuchiparira chikumbaridzo chakakwirira zvikuru nokuda kwomutemo unomutsa nharo. Dzimwe nhau, dzakadai sechibvumirano nokupwiswa mumitongo yokusabvumirana, dzinoda matatu maviri.

Kana makamuri maviri akapfuudza shanduro dzakasiyana dzechibvumirano, anofanira kuyananisa misiyano yacho, kazhinji kazhinji kupfurikidza nedare remusangano, pamberi pokuguma.

Basa Redare Mumutemo Wokumwe

Dare rinoita basa rinokosha zvikuru mukuumba muitiro wokumwe weAmerica kupfurikidza nesimba raro rechibvumirano nechiremera charo chokusimbisa kugadzwa kwemibatanidzwa.

Chinodikanwa chezvibvumirano zviviri muzvitatu zvinovhota kuReféct chinopa Dare simba guru pazvibvumirano zvamarudzi ose. Mapurezidhendi anofanira kurangarira murangariro weDare apo anorangana zvibvumirano uye basa kuvaka tsigiro yemiitiro yavo yokumwe. Ikoku kunogona kutungamirira kukugadziridza mabvumirano kukutaura pamusoro pezvine chokuita neDare kana kuti, muzvimwe zviitiko, kurambwa kwezvibvumirano zvisina tsigiro yakakwana.

Dare reDare reSanet Foreign Relations Committee rinobatira sechinhu chikuru chokunzvera nhau dzemiitiro yokumwe uye kurangarira zvibvumirano nokutaurirana. Kutonga kwedare kunogovera mikana yokuti vakuru vakuru vanotarisira pamusoro pezvisarudzo zvemiitiro yokumwe uye kuumba gakava ravose panhau dzamarudzi ose.

Kupfurikidza nesimba rayo rokusimbisa nhume navamwe vakuru vakuru vehurumende, Dare rinopesvedzerawo vanomirira United States kune imwe nyika uye vanotungamirira masangano makuru emitemo yokumwe. Iri simba rinobvumira vamiriri kuva nechokwadi chokuti mabasa ehurumende akazadzwa navanhu vanokwanisa vanogoverana gadziriro dzokumwe dzeDare.

Kutarisira Dare Kwebazu Rine Utungamiriri

Kupfuura mitoro yayo yokuita mitemo uye kusimbisa, Dare rinoita basa rinokosha rokutarisira, richitarisira kuitwa kwemitemo yebazi rinotungamirira uye kushandiswa kwemari yakakodzera.

Matare eDare anogara achitonga kuti aongorore kuti masangano anotungamirira ari kuita sei mabasa awo, kana ari kuwirirana nomutemo, uye kuti ari kushandisa sei mari yomutero.

Simba reDare rokusimbisa kana kuti kuramba vapurezidhendi rinopa mumwe mutoo wokutarisira. Mukati mokusimbisa, vamiririri vanogona kubvunza pamusoro pezvikwaniriso zvavo, mirangariro yavo pamusoro penhau dzemitemo, uye kuti vangasvika sei mitoro yavo. Uyu muitiro unobvumira Dare kupesvedzera nhungamiro yamasangano anotungamirira uye kuva nechokwadi chokuti vanhu vanokwaniriswa vanogadzwa munzvimbo huru.

Masimba eDare okunzvera, kubatanidza mano okupupurira zvapupu zvapashure nezvinyorwa, zvinoigonesa kuita kunzverwa kwakakwana kwemibato yebazu yavakuru vakuru. Nzvero huru dzinogona kuumba kunzwisisa kwavose nhau dzinokosha ndokutungamirira kuchinjo huru dzemiitiro kana kuti chinjo dzapamutemo.

Kukosha Kwokunzwisisa Dare

Kunzwisisa kuti Dare rinoshanda sei kunokosha nokuda kwomunhu upi noupi anotsvaka kunzwisisa hurumende yeAmerica ndokutora rutivi nenzira inobudirira mumiitiro yedemocracy. Chirongwa chechienzi cheDare namasimba zvinoriita sangano rinokosha mugadziriro yeAmerica yehurumende, iro rinoumba muitiro unoguma uye rinobatira senzvero pasimba rechiremera.

Nokuda kwavagari vemo, kunzwisisa Dare kunobetsera kutsanangura chikonzero nei mitemo yakati ichiitwa apo vamwe vanoramba, chikonzero nei hondo dzokusimbisa dzichigona kuva dzinorwisana kwazvo, uye kuti vamiririri vavo vanomirira sei fariro dzavo muWashington.

Basa reDare mugadziriro yecheki nedzikamo rinoratidzira musengwa woMuvambi wokudzivisa kuiswa pasi nesimba nokuva nechokwadi chokuti zvisarudzo zvikuru zvinorangarirwa zvakakwana. Nepo miitiro yeDare pane dzimwe nguva ichigona kudzongonyedza avo vanotsvaka chiito chokukurumidza panhau dzinonetsa, vanodzivirirawo pazvisarudzo zvokukurumidzira ndokuva nechokwadi chokuti mirangariro mishoma inogamuchirwa.

Sezvo hurumende inosarudzwa navanhu yeAmerica inopfuurira kuchinja, Dare rinoramba riri sangano rinokosha, richichinjira kudenho itsva nepo richichengeta mabasa aro makuru okumirira, kurangarira, uye utarisiri. Kunzwisisa iri sangano uye kuti rinoshanda sei chinhu chikuru kukunzwisisa hurumende yeAmerica uye kutora rutivi nenzira inobudirira mugadziriro yedu yehurumende yehurumende yehurumende yehurumende yoruzhinji.

Zviwanikwa Zvokudzidza Zvakawanda Pamusoro peDare

Nokuda kwaavo vanofarira kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro peDare uye kuti rinoshanda sei, zviwanikwa zvakawanda zvinowanika. Website yapamutemo inogovera mashoko pamusoro pevatarisiri vedare vazvino, mibato yedare, bhizimisi rokuronga, uye nhau yedare nemiitiro. Nzvimbo yacho inogovera kusvika kurudungwe rwedare, zvirongwa zvenhurikidzwa, uye magwaro enhau.

.gov.Crefer [, inochengetwa neRaibhurari yeCongress, inogovera mashoko akazara pamusoro pomutemo, mishumo yedare, uye basa redare. Vashandisi vanogona kuronda zvikwereti, kurava mishumo yedare, uye kuwana mashoko akawanda pamusoro pomuitiro wemitemo.

USA.mapazu epeji yehurumende anopa tsananguro dzinosvikika pamusoro pokuti Dare rinowirirana sei nechivako chakafara chehurumende yeAmerica uye kuti inobatana sei nemamwe mapazu.

Masangano edzidzo, masangano enhau, anofunga, uye masangano enhau anogoverawo zviwanikwa zvinokosha zvokunzwisisa Dare. C-SPAN zvinopa kupiwa kwenhau kupenyu kwenhau dzeDare, kuchibvumira vagari vemo kutarira hurumende yavo mumabasa. Magazini eAcademic nezvinyorwa zvemiitiro zvinogovera mukunzvera kukuru kwemibato yeDare nerevo dzazvo nokuda kwehurumende yeAmerica.

mhedziso

Kumirira kwayo nyika yakaenzana, mashoko marefu nokuda kwemitezo, uye masimba anotsauranisa anoiita yakasiana zvikuru neImba yavamiriri ndokuipa basa rinokosha mumuitiro womutemo, muitiro wokumwe, uye gadziriro yokunzvera nedzikamo.

Kubva pakusimbisa ruramisiro dzeDare Gurusa kusvikira kukuita kuti zvibvumirano zvamarudzi ose zvireverwe, kubva pakuitisa kutongwa kwemitemo kusvikira kukuita mutemo, Dare rinoshandisa masimba anotapura zvikuru basa roupenyu hweAmerica neAmerica munyika. Tsika dzaro dzinorerutsa uye mitemo yadzo inokurudzira kurangarirwa kwokungwarira kwenhau dzakaoma kunzwisisa uye kuvakwa kwebvumirano huru, kunyange sezvo dzimwe nguva dzinogona kutungamirira kurumano nekangaidziko.

Kunzwisisa Dare (*), masimba, miitiro, uye basa muhurumende yeAmerica (jeres) zvinokosha nokuda kwomunhu upi noupi anotsvaka kunzwisisa kuti United States inodzorwa sei. Serimwe ramasangano makuru akatangwa neBumbiro reMitemo, Dare rinopfuurira kuumba hurumende yehurumende yeruzhinji yeAmerica anopfuura mazana maviri amakore pashure pokusikwa kwayo, kuchinjira kudenho itsva apo inochengeta mabasa ayo makuru omufananidzo, kurangarira, uye kutarisira.

Kana uri mudzidzi wehurumende, mugari wemo akavimbisana, kana kuti mumwe munhu anotsvaka kunzwisisa kuti hurumende yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu yeAmerica inoshanda sei, zivo yeDare redare nebasa raro muhurumende yedu zvinogovera nzwisiso yakakomba mugadziriro yezvamatongerwe enyika yeAmerica uye kuti zvisarudzo zvinoitwa sei izvo zvinotapura mamirioni oupenyu. Dare rinoramba riri musimboti wehurumende yeAmerica inosarudzwa navanhu, rinobatanidza nheyo dzehurumende, kurangarira, uye simba rakadzikama iro Vavambi vakatsvaka kugadza muRepublic yedu yebumbiro-mitemo.