Basa Remasangano Anozvisarudzira Mukuita Zvisarudzo Zvakanaka

Perero yesarudzo ikokubatira kubatira pamutemo kwokutonga kwehurumende. Apo vagari vemo vanokanda mavhoti avo, vanofanira kuvimba kuti vhoti iri yose inorangarirwa zvakanaka, kuti hapana mubato kana kuti muvhoti anobatira betsero isina kufanira, uye kuti muitiro wose unoratidzira kuda kwavanhu. Sangano rechisarudzo rinobatira savachengeti vechaunga. Iyi mitumbi, yakarongedzerwa kushanda yakasununguka kubva kuvakuru vakuru vakuru, vvumbi, kana kuti pesvedzero, inobatira nokudzora rutivi rwuri rwose rwesarudzo nechochochor kunyoreso yokupedzisira. Sangano rehurumende dzinotonga nyika yose dzinotarisana nedzvinyiriro itsva dzinobva mukubvisa, chinjo yezvoruzivo rwokuzviwanira, uye zvamatongerwe enyika, basa rehurumende dzakazvimiriro hazvisati zvatongova zvinotsoropodza zvikuru. Iyi inonzvera icho chinoita kuti basa rakasununguka, zviidzore, uye kuti dzikundei, dzinofanira kukunda sei kusarudzwa nokuwana.

Kurondedzera Kuzvimirira: Hachisi Chirevo Chekuti Unoda Kuzvimirira

Komishoni yakazvimirira haisati ichingova zvayo sangano rehurumende rinobata sarudzo. Kuzvimirira kwechokwadi kunoda kuvakwa, mari, uye kuzvitonga. Komishoni inofanira kudzivirirwa mumutemo kana kuti nomutemo kuti isarudzwe kana kuti iendeswe nebato rinodzora. Mitezo yaro inofanira kugadzwa kupfurikidza negadziriro inooneka, ine vanhu vakawanda, inobatanidza dare redare rejajitarianism kana kuti dare reparamende. Kupfuurirazve, komishoni inofanira kudzora bhajenya rayo imene, vashandi, uye zvisarumbidzo, pasina izvi zvinodzivirira.

Minda yeCore Commission Suptions

Mabasa aya anoitirwa kuti pave nechokwadi chokuti kusarudza kwakasununguka uye kwakanaka uye kusingangovi kwokungoda kusarudzwa chete.

Kunyoresa uye Kuronga Ndaza

Kuchengeta chinyorwa chakarurama uye chamashoko ose chokuvhota inheyo. Mahofisi anotarisira kunyoreswa kunopfuurira kwevagari vemo vakakodzera, kubvisa kana kuti kuva vavhoti vakafa, uye kuva nechokwadi chokuti hapana munhu anobviswa zvisina kururama. Vanoshandisawo gadziriro dzokunyoresa paIndaneti, mayuniti anofambiswa, uye kuendesa kunzanga dzakaderedzwa. Somuenzaniso, Commission yeIn inoshandura kunyoresa kwechikamu chenguva dzose uye kunyoresa chaiko chaiko, inonyoresa mamiriyoni evavhotai vatsva gore rimwe nerimwe.

Kurongedza uye Ballot Access

Makomidhi anogadza mitemo nokuda kwokugamuchirwa kwevanoda kutendwa, kubatanidza zera, kuva mugari wemo, uye zvinodikanwa zvokugara. Vanogamuchira ndokusimbisa mapepa okuisa mazita muhurume, vanobata zvirambidzo, uye vanosimbisa mazita anooneka papepa. Munyika dzakawanda, vanodzorawo kuziviswa kwemipiro, vanoda kupiwa kwemipiro nepatindiro kushuma. Basa iri rinotsigira zvakananga uye rinodzivisa pesvedzero isiri madikanwa yemari mune zvamatongerwe enyika.

Kushanda Kwezuva Rokusarudza

Pazuva rokuvhota, komishoni ine mutoro wokutumira zvinhu zvokuvhota, zviteshi zvokuvhota, kuvimbisa kuwanikwa (kubatanidza nokuda kwavavhoti vane urema), uye kuchengeta nhevedzano. Vanogadza miitiro yokuvhota, kubatanidza kuvhota kwapakuvamba, kurovha kwapakarepo, uye kuvhota kwemagetsi uko kwakashandiswa. Vacherekedzi vanobva kumapati ezvamatongerwe enyika, nzanga, uye mitumbi yamarudzi ose inotenderwa uye inopiwa nzira kumirariro.

Kuverenga Nokutenderera

Pashure pokunge nzvero dzapera, hofisi yacho inotarisira kuverengwa kwemavhota. Ikoku kungaitika pazviteshi zvokuvhota zvinovapo vamiriri vebato, kana kuti munzvimbo dzinowanika. Komishoni inofanira kuchengetedza kupfuudzwa kwemiuyo, kuyera hwerengedzo, uye kupedza kusawirirana kupi nokupi. Chivimbo chavanhu chinotsamira pakuoneka kweiyi nzira (jerechete) nokuyerera kupenyu, miuyo inoiswa pamwero mumwe nomumwe, uye kunzvera kwokuzvimirira.

Kupesana Mune Zvematongerwo Enyika

Makomidhi ezvitendero anowanzobatira senzvimbo yokutanga yenyunyuto dzinobatanidzwa nevhoti. Vanonzvera mishumo yetyisidziro yomuvhoti, kurongedza, kana kuti zvimwe zvikanganiso. Vanogona kuraira kushatisazve munzvimbo dzakatapurwa, vanomanikidzirwa kuputsa mitemo, uye vanoisa zvirango pamapati anoputsa mitemo yemari. Zvisarudzo zvavo zvinofanira kuhwirudzurwa, asi chiremera chavo chokutanga kuita chiito nokukurumidza chinokosha nokuda kwokuchengeta kutenda mugadziriro yacho.

Chikonzero Nei Kuzvimirira Kuchikosha: Kuvaka Kuvimba Noruzhinji

Chinhu chinokosha zvikurusa chinogona kuva nacho chivimbo chavasarudzo. Masangano eependent akaiswa munzvimbo yechienzi kuvaka chivimbo ichocho. Apo vavhoti vanodavira kuti mutengi haasaruri, vane bviro huru yokugamuchira muuyo, kunyange kana mudaviri wavo akarasikirwa. Nenzira inopesana, apo mubato unorangarirwa savatongi kana kuti vakaneta, sarudzo yose inobviswa.

Kuderedza Pesvedzero Yezvamatongerwe Enyika

Munyika dzakawanda, hurumende iri musimba ine zvose zviri zviviri vavariro nemitoo yokudzora sarudzo. Komishoni yakazvimirira inoshanda sechinopesana. Kupfurikidza nokudzora kunyoresa kwomuvhoti, mapurani, uye kuiswa kwenzvero pachiteshi, inogona kudzivisa kudzorwa, kudzvinyirira, kudzvinyirira muvhoti, uye kumwe kushatiswa. Somuenzaniso, United Kingdom’s Electoral Commission [ inoshanda pamwero wakati-pano yesimba kubva kuhurumende uye yakabudirira kudzosa kuedza kuchinja mitemo yokuvhotera nokuda kwebetsero.

Kusimudzira Kuona Zvakanaka Nokuzvidavirira

Masangano anozvisarudzira anodzorwa zvikurukuru nemipimo yakakwirira yokuona zviri nani kupfuura masanganowo zvawo ehurumende. Anobudisa mishumo ine udzame, anozarura misangano yawo kuvanhu vose (kana kuti kuvacherechedzi), uye anopindura kurusununguko rwezvikumbiro zvemashoko. Uku kujeka kunobvumira nzanga yevagari vemo, zvinobudisa nhau, uye vatarisiri vemarudzi ose kuongorora zvisarudzo zvavo uye kuita kuti vazvidavirire.

Kuwirirana Nemitemo Yakatevedzana

Pasina mumanikidzi akasimba, mitemo yejeta zvikarakadzowo hazvo. Masangano eependero ane chiremera chokunzvera kuputswa, kuisa faindi, uye kunongedzera nhau nokuda kwokurovererwa mhaka. Anopawo nhungamiro nerovedzo kumapato ezvamatongerwe enyika pamitemo yenhimbe yemari, ganhuriro dzokuzivisa, uye mufambiro wetsika.

Zvinetso Zvinotarisana Nebasa Rokuzvisarudza

Kunzwisisa matambudziko aya kunokosha pakugadzira kuchinja zvinhu kunochengetedza kuvimbika kwevavhoti.

Kupindira Kwematongerwe Enyika Nokugadzana

Munyika dzakawanda, muitiro unoisa mubatanidzwa wemitezo yebasa unodzorwa nemukuru wehurumende kana kuti mubato unotonga. Ikoku kunogona kuguma nebasa iro rakavimbika kuhurumende panzvimbo pebumbiro remitemo. Kunyange uko kuzvitonga kwapamutemo kuripo, dzvinyiriro yamanomano (kupfurikidza nebhangi rinochekwa, nhimbedzo, kana kuti tyisidziro dzokudzinga , kana kuti kudzosa kudzosa mauto kuti apfugamire kuda kwezvamatongerwe enyika. FEDAL ECOMment Comment (FFLC) muUnited States, somuenzaniso, yakatsoropodzwa nokuda kwegutswa neboka rayo remitezo mitanhatu, nezvigaro zvitatu zvakachengeterwa nokuda kwebato guru rimwe nerimwe, kutungamirira kumutambo pabopoti rehondo.

Kusakwana Kwemari Nezviwanikwa

Kuronga sarudzo kunodhura. Makomidhi anoda mari yokutsikirira marobhoti, vashandi vanobhadhara, motokari dzereki, chengeta gadziriro dzaIT, uye dzidzo yokuita. Apo mabhajeti anotemwa, vanyajambwa vokutanga idzorerwo dzakanaka nokutarisira. Mudzimwe nyika dzichiri kubudirira, vamiriri vanomanikidzirwa kutsamira pamari inotsigirwa nevokumwe vanopa, uko kunogona kumutsa mibvunzo pamusoro pouchangamire nokutsigirwa.

Kungwarira Vanhu Nedzidzo Yemiviri

Vagari vemo vakawanda havanzwisisi basa resarudzo. vangasaziva nzira yokunzvera nayo kunyoresa kwavo, nzira yokuvhota nayo, kana kuti kwokunyorera nyunyuto. Komisheni isina nzira yakasimba yokukurukurirana inoparira kurasikirwa nokuvimbwa kwavose, zvikurukuru apo mashoko asina kururama anopararira zvikuru. Nhimbe dzedzidzo dzinobudirira, dzinoshandisa mitauro mizhinji nemikoto, dzinokosha asi kazhinji kazhinji dzinodzorwa.

Kuchinja Kwezvigadzirwa Zvemagetsi Kunokurumidza

Michina yokuvhota paIndaneti, kunyoresa paIndaneti, uye michina inotumira mashoko inopawo kuti pave nezvirongwa zvitsva. Masangano anofanira kuramba achivandudza mitemo yawo yekomupiyuta, kuedza mapurogiramu ezvipembenene, uye vakuru vakuru vesarudzo. Kukundikana kwemichina kana kuti kutadza kuvhura zvinhu zvinogona kuita kuti vanhu vasarudze zvakanaka. Uyezve, ruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu runogona kuwedzera kukamukana kwemadhigirii, kubvisa vakwegura, kumaruwa, kana kuti kubvisa macomputer akaderera mavhotation kana kuti kutadza kuvhura.

Kusawirirana Nokupindira Kwedzimwe Nyika

Muzera rezvinobudisa nhau zvenzanga, nhauro dzenhema pamusoro pekunyepedzera kuvhota kana kuti kudzorwa kwezvisarudzo dzinogona kupararira nokukurumidza kupfuura kururamisa kwapamutemo. Masangano eependent anofanira kurwisana neziviso nepo achitaura norusununguko. Vangada kutanga mapoka anokurumidza kuvhota, mubiyake anonzvera maidi, uye kushandisa mikoto yavo vamene yenhau kubvisa nokururamisa kutaura kwenhema. Ikoku kunoda unyanzvi hwekurukurirano hwakarongwa uhwo vazhinji vanoronga vachiri vasina.

Fundo Dzenhau: Masangano Anozvisarudzira Anoshanda

Kunzvera mienzaniso yenyika chaiyoiyo kunobetsera kuratidzira chinoshanda — uye chisati chiri — mukurondwa kwesarudzo dzakarurama.

Basa Rokusarudza reIndia (ECI)

India’s Envontro Commission inorangarirwa zvikuru seimwe yamasangano anotarisira vasarudzo ane simba zvikurusa uye anobudirira munyika. Yakagadzwa muBumbiro reMitemo reIndia, inoshanda nomumiririri mumwe (yaichimbova nhengo dzakawanda kutozosvikira muna 1989, ipapo inodzoserwa kugadziriro yakasiyana muyakawanda muna 1993). ECI inotarisira sarudzo nokuda kweLok Sabha (imba yepasi), hurumende yemitemo, uye mahofisi aPrezidhendi naMutungamiriri weMasande. Ine chiremera chokunyoresa mapoka ezvamatongerwe enyika, kugovera zviratidzo, kusimbisa Model Codey of Police, uye kunyange kudzosarudzo muzvinoitika zvomutemo nokuputsika. Pasinei zvapo nechitsauko chikuru chemhiko chakanyorwa, zviteshina zvokuvhotera, 1 miriyoni dzamabhineti, ECC yachengeta mwero wakakwirira, kupfurikidza nokuzvishandisa kugadzira zvawo zvokuvhotamisa magetsi.

Federal Envolution Commission (FEC) yeUnited States

FEC isangano rinozvisarudzira rinotarisira kutungamirira nokusimbisa mitemo yemibatanidzwa yemari. Inoumbwa navamiririri vatanhatu vanogadzwa naPurezidhendi ndokusimbiswa neDare. Nomutemo, havasati vari vamiriri vanopfuura vatatu vangava vebato rimwe chetero rezvematongerwe enyika. Nepo rakarongedzerwa kusimbisa kuva pakati nepakati peboka rezvamatongerwe enyika, iri sangano rave richiwanzotungamirira kukuparadza, zvikurukuru mukati menhambo dzegakava rezvamatongerwe enyika. FEC yakatsoropoteswa nokuda kwokusakwanisa kwayo kubudisa zvirango nokuda kwokuputsa kukuru, sezvo mutemo unoda zvinenge zvivhoti zvina. Chirevo chamao chamabhishori yacho hachina kuganhuririrawo kubhadharira kuvhotera, kuvhota, kana kuti kuverenga, izvo zvinobatwa nehurumende yomunzvimbomo nyika ino. Iyi gadziriro inokamuranisa inogona kuita mipimo inopesana munyika yose.

Basa Rehurumende yeUnited Kingdom

Yakagadzirwa neProvitical Parties, Echounts and Referendends Act 2000, Inoitawo nzvero pamusoro pekutora voti uye kupa zano hurumende panhau dzisiri vakuru. Inogadza mipimo nokuda kwokutungamirira vezvematongerwe enyika, inonyoresa masangano ezvematongerwe enyika, inoongorora nhimbe, uye inopa nhungamiro pamutemo wevhoti. Inoitawo nzvero yezvokuvhota uye inopa hurumende zano pamusoro penhau dzekuvhota uye muganhu. Chimiriro chehurumende chakaedzwa munguva yezvimirimo zveScotland muna 2014 uye 2016 EUM inonongedzera kukwikwidza kwematempiro, apo yakakwanisa kutora tsigiro yezvamatongerwe enyika yakakwirira zvikuru. Simba dzayo hurusa mukuoneka kwayo nokudaidzira pachena nokuda kuita pachena nhau dzayo, kunyange apo inonyadzisa hurumende yehurumende.

Komishinari Inozvimirira Muhurumende Inosarudzwa Navanhu Isingadzoreki: Zvidzidzo zvinobva kuKenya

I Independent Electoral and Bountaire Commission yeKenya yakatarisana nedenho huru, kubatanidza miuyo yakapokanidzwa yesarudzo yakamutsa masimba a zamapurisa muna 200720088 na2017. Kuchinja pashure pekupfuudzira kwa 2007, IEBC yakaumbwazve kuti ibatanidze dzimwe technocratis nedzinordedromal commouse. Muna 2017, Dare rapamusoro reKenyai Kenya rakabvisa mugumisiro wesarudzo yapurezidhendi, kududza kusaruramisira mukuita kweIEBC, uye kudzorwa kwetsika kwedare redare kwakaratidza kuzvidavirira. IEBC pakupedzisira rakava nechidzidzo chitsva, icho chakagamuchirwa zvikuru. Chidzidzo chinobatanidza kudikanwa kwokunzvera nokudzikamisa, masangano anodzorwa, uye kupfuurira kubatana nenzanga dzezvamatongerwe enyika.

Mitemo Yamarudzi Ose Nemiitiro Yakanakisisa

Masangano enyika dzakawanda akatanga gadziriro dzokutungamirira kurongwa nokushanda kwemasangano esarudzo akazvimirira. [FLT] International Institute for Democracy and Electoral APUDIS [[International IDEA] uye United Nations yakabudisa nheyo nokuda kwokutarisirwa kwesarudzo kunobudirira, kubatanidza:

  • [[[ITSOURO] SAURO: yeBumbiro reMitemo kana kuti dziviriro yemitemo pakubviswa kwoudzvinyiriri.
  • [[FT:0] chengeteko yeTemore: yakaiswa, isingachinjiki kuti vamiriri vavadzivirire padzvinyiriro dzekusarudzazve.
  • kuzvimirira mune zvemari: Nhevedzo yeparamende kana kuti hova dzemari dzakatsaurirwa.
  • [ Vashandi vemibato: Kunyoresa, rovedzo, uye kufambira mberi kwebasa.
  • [[[FT:0] Tsvakaro: Rugwaro rwemisangano, kuziviswa pachena kwezvisarudzo, uye nzira dzokuongorora.
  • Kushata: Kusvika kuvakadzi, mapoka maduku, vanhu vakaremara, uye mapoka akaderedzwa.
  • Ubhadharo: miitiro yokutarisira yomukati neyokunze, kubatanidza hwirudzuro yedare.

Kuomerera kumipimo iyi kunobetsera vamiriri vanokurira dzvinyiriro yezvamatongerwe enyika uye kupa sarudzo idzo vapinyi vose vanogona kuvimba nadzo.

Kusimbisa Masangano Okuzvimirira Enguva Yemberi

Vadzorwi vanofanira kuramba vachiisa mari mumapoka avo anotarisira vavhota. Ikoku kunopfuura kupa mari nejeri(inoda kuda kwezvamatongerwe enyika nebvumirano yenzanga yokuti sarudzo ndedzevanhu, kwete dzeavo vari musimba. Kurumbidzwa kwokusimbisa zvikumbiro zvinosanganisira:

  • Kuchinja miitiro yokuronga kuva nechokwadi chebvumirano inobvumiranwa nezvinotarisirwa zvebasa.
  • Kupa mari yakarongwa yamakore akawanda [ iyo isingatapurwi nekurukurirano dzezvamatongerwe enyika dzegore negore.
  • Kutora masangano akazvimirira [ nokuda kwavashandi vakuru kudzivisa vatsigiri.
  • Kuchinja zvirongwa zvokuona zviri pakati pezvisaririra nokuda kwematanho ose ebasa rokuvhota, kubatanidza manyuko egadziriro dzemagetsi.
  • Kuparadzira dzidzo yomuvhoti kurwisa kusagamuchira nokuwedzera kutora rutivi.
  • [ Kubatira pamwe yamarudzi ose kuti ugoverane miitiro yakanakisisa ndokukudziridza mipimo yokusachengeteka yekombiyuta.

mhedziso

Masangano evhoti anovhota haasati ari masangano ezvokuvhota anorevererwa ehurumende dzinosarudzwa navanhu vakapfuma; iwo chinodikanwa kuti rudzi rupi norupi runotsvaka kuita sarudzo dzinovimbika. Kupfurikidza nokutarisira kunyoresa kwapamutemo, kubhadharwa, mari yenhimbe, kunzvera, kurangarira, uye kuranga, aya masangano anoshanda sevatongi vehurumende vasingatsigiri vamateveri vanoita kuti utongi hunobvira. Vanodzivirira pakudzora hurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, vanova nechokwadi chokuti mugumisiro wacho unoratidza chaizvoizvo kuda kwakakurumbira. Bva kuzvimirira hakutongotongotongowanwa zvhomwe. Vatambi vezvamatongerwe enyika vanoedza miganhuro, uye mari inodzorwa. Vagari venzanga, uye nzanga yamarudzi ose vanofanira kuramba vakangwarira. Kusimbisa masangano ehurumende inosarudzwa zvapamutemo, kupfurikidza nokuchinja kwapamutemo, uye tsika dzekuoneka pachena kwehurumende yehurumende yehurumende inotongedzero hurusa.