Chibvumirano chavagari vemo chinoshanda sorutivi rwechisarudzo chenharo mukuvadziko nenhau dzechikwereti, chichigovera muitiro wakarongeka, wedare kupedza rwisano pakati pavakwereti navakwereti. Pasina uyu mutoo wapamutemo, kusabvumirana mune zvemari kwaizopinda munyongano, kuchisiya vanhu vasina dziviriro navakwereti vasingakwanisi kuwana tsinhiro dzapamutemo. Iyi nyaya inonzvera basa rakawanda rebvumirano dzevagari vemo mukubhuroka nokukakavadzana kwechikwereti, kufukidza nheyo dzayo dzapamutemo, nhano dzapamutemo, uye mirangariro inoshanda nokuda kwemativi ose anobatanidzwa.

Kunzwisisa Kurerutswa Kwomubatanidzwa Wenyika

Chibvumirano chavagari vemo chinonongedzera kumuitiro wakarongwa uyo matare kana kuti matare anobetsera anosarudza nawo kusawirirana kwomutemo. Mumashoko akapoteredza omutemo wemari, inosimbisa maruramiro nemisengwa yavakwereti navakwereti kupfurikidza nokushandisa gadziriro dzemitemo, mutemo, uye nheyo dzokusasarura. Mutengi. (_Zvechokwadi mutongi kana kuti mutengi anoisa ufakazi husiri hwoutsotsi.) anonzwa nharo, uye anopa chisarudzo chinobatira chinogona kubatanidza kubviswa kwechikwereti, zvirongwa zvokubhadhara, kubvisa mitero, kana kuti kurasha.

Nheyo huru dzinovanza kupesana kwevagari vemo dzinobatanidza mutoo wakafanira, kusasarura, uye kujeka. Vari vaviri vane mukana wokupa nhau dzavo, kudenha ufakazi hunopesana, uye kukwirira zvirevo zvisina kururama. Iyi gadziriro inovimbisa kuti miuyo haisi yokuzvidira asi yakavakirwa pamipimo yapamutemo ine donzo. Cornell Law’s Legal Information Institute inogovera kupfupikisana kukuru kwemhesano yemitemo sepfungwa yepamutemo.

Kushanduka - shanduka Kwenhau Mumagakava Ezvemari

Chibvumirano chavagari vemo chekakavadzano dzezvikwereti chinovambira mumazana amakore akapfuura, chichiva mumutemo wechiNgezi unozivikanwa navose nezviito zvechikwereti, sungano, uye nhauro. Gadziriro yokubhuroka kwazvino uno yakatanga muzana ramakore rechi19, ichigovera nzira yapamutemo nokuda kwavanhu vanonyungudutsa kuwana betsero yemari. Nokufamba kwenguva, masangano emitemo akanatsa iyi miitiro, achiguma nemitemo ine udzame yakadai seBankruptic Condect Condenti (Time 11) nomutemo wakafanana mudzimwe mativi enyika. Nhasi, kutsiva vanhu kunopfuurira, kubatanidza mitoo yokusarudza yakasiana neiyi yemagariro yemiitiro kuti iwedzere kushanda zvakanaka.

Chirongwa Chapamutemo Chokurambidza Kubhangi

Kubvumiranisa mari kunoshanda mukati megadziriro chaiyo yapamutemo yakagadzirirwa kudzikamisa fariro dzavakwereti vanotsvaka mavambo matsva navakweretesi vanovavarira kuwana zvavari nechikwereti. MuUnited States, Bankruptic Code inogadza maganhuro akasiana, imwe neimwe ine mitemo yakasiana nokuda kwebvumirano. matare ehurumende ashaikwa kwemari ane chiremera chakakwana pamusoro penhau huru, kubatanidza kubvumira bvumirano, kusimbiswa kwezvirongwa, uye kudzivisa kuchinjirwa kwezvinodiwa.

Mhando Dzemabhangi

Chitsauko 7 – Kuyerera

Muganhuro 7 kubhuroka, bvumirano yavagari vemo inonangidzira pakuyera kuva anokwanisa kwomukwereti, kukoshesa zvinhu, uye kusarudza kuti ipfuma ipi inohesvurwa kuti irege kuparadzwa. Dare rinogadza muvimbisi anounganidza zvinhu zvisati zvabviswa, anozvitendeudzira kumari, uye anoparadzira mari inogoverwa kuvakweretesi mukuwirirana nenzvimbo yokutanga yemitemo. Mupi wechikwereti anosarudzawo kana mukweretesi achigamuchira kubhadharwa kwezvikwereti zvakasara, kusiiwa nokuda kwemisengwa yakati sechikwereti chevadzidzisi nemitero.

Chitsauko 11 – Kurongwazve

Ganhuro 11 rakagadzirirwa mabhizimisi uye, mune zvimwe zvinoitika, vanhu vane zvikwereti zvikuru. Kurapa pano kunobatanidza kusimbiswa kwegadziriro yokurongazve inokarakadza kugadziridzazve zvikwereti nepo zvichibvumira mukwereti kupfuuridzira mabasa. Dare rinohwirudzura gadziriro yokuva nechokwadi chokuti inobvira, mukutenda kwakanaka, uye harisaruri zvisina kururama pakati pemapoka avakwereti.

Chitsauko 13 – Gadziriro Yemabhadharo

Nokuda kwavanhu vane mari yenguva dzose, Kubhuroka kwe 13 kunoda kuzviisa pasi pegadziriro yeripo yamakore matatu kusvikira kumashanu. Kuzivisa kunobatanidza kubvumikiswa uko vakweretesi vanogona kuramba kuronga mashoko. Dare rinosarudza kana gadziriro yacho ichiita mari yose inorongwa kuvakwereti vasina kuchengeteka uye kana ichiwirirana nezvinodikanwa zvapamutemo zvinoshanda. Website yeU.S.[ inopa kuputsika kwakakwana kweganhuro rimwe nerimwe rokuwa.

Gadziriro Yokuparadza Kunoitwa Vagari Vomunyika Mukufambira Mberi

Kunzwisisa matanho aya kunobatsira vane chikwereti nevakwereti kuronga kuti voita sei uye kuti vangaitei zvinobudirira.

Kugara Kworuzha uye Kwomuzvarirwo

Kuvimbisa kubhangi kunovamba apo mukwereti anonyora chikumbiro nedare rokubhuroka. Nokukurumidza pakurongedza, kumira kwokuzvidira kunoitika, kuchimisa mibato mizhinjisa yokuunganidza, kubatanidza kukwidza matare, kubhadhara mari, uye runhare rwokukwereta. Basa redare panguva ino nderokupa nhevedzano yokugara uye kuzivisa vakweretesi vose vakarongwa muchikumbiro chacho. Madhiffai angamuka kana vakweretesi vachitsvaka rusununguko kubva mukugara kwavo vachirwisana nomubhadharo kana kuti kuronda zvikwereti zvakati.

Kutaura Maererano Negore uye Zvibvumikiso Zvokutaura

Vakwereti vanofanira kunyora zvibvumikiso zvekutaura nenhambo inorairwa nedare . musi webhawa. Mumiriri anohwirudzura kutaura kumwe nokumwe kuti anoona kushanda kwahwo. Kana kutaura kunooneka kusina kufanira(kunyange nemhaka yokuti kuri kukopa, kwakavakirwa pachikwereti chakarashwa, kana kuti kurambwa zvisina kururama(whesvo kana kuti mutendi angaramba. dare ipapo rinotonga kuti ripedze kuramba kwacho, kazhinji kazhinji ritsamidze ufakazi hwebumbiro.

Kusimbisa Kunzwa

Murongedzeri angarangarira izvi zvirambidzo, anoshandisa mipimo yemitemo yokusimbisa, uye zvimwe angasimbisa kana kuti zvimwe kuramba gadziriro. Kuramba kungatungamirira kukudzingwa kwenhau yacho kana kuti kutendeutsirwa kune chimwe ganhuro.

Kuodzwa Mwoyo Nekuvharwa Kwemhosva

Kana mukwereti akasvitsa zvinodikanwa zvose . zvakadai sokupedza kosi yokutarisira mari uye kuita kubhadhara kunodikanwa nejeri kubudisa. Iyi murairo unopfigira zvechigarire vakwereti kuti varonde zvisaro zvokupedzesa. Mumiriri anohwirudzurawo mushumo wokupedzisira nomurongi pamberi pokuvhara mhaka. Zvikumbiro zvemirairo inosunungurwa kana kuti mimwe mitongo zvingachengetwa nematare oruwa kana kuti mabhodhi anobhuroka.

Kupedza Chikwereti Kunopesana Kupfurikidza Nokupedza Chikwereti Kwehurumende

Kupfuura kubhuroka, kuvimbisana kunobata mhatsa huru yemakakatanwa ezvikwereti ayo asingatongobatanidzi kubhuroka. Idzi mhaka dzinganzwika mumatare ehurumende kana kuti ehurumende, kuchitsamira parudzi rwezvinotaurwa zvacho nechitsama zvegakava. Muitiro wechinovimbisa unogovera nzvimbo yapamutemo yokupedza kusabvumirana kusingagoni kupedzwa kupfurikidza nokukurukura kana kuti kugadzikiswa kwapanhambo nenhambo.

Zviito Zvinowanzoitiranwa Makakatanwa

  • Vakwereti vane chikwereti chinopfuura chakafanirwa: Vangataura kuti kuverenga kwomukwereti kwechisakiso chikuru, fariro, kana kuti mari kusingaruramisi. Kushonga kunobvumira dare kunzvera kutaura kwenhauro, zvibvumirano, uye kubhadhara nhau kuti rizive chiyero chakarurama.
  • Kusvika kwebvumirano kunotaura: Vakwereti vangapomera vakwereti nokuda kwokukundikana kubhadhara mukuwirirana nebvumirano yechikwereti. dare rinosarudza kana chibvumirano chapamutemo chiripo, kana mukwereti akaputswa, uye kana kuvadziko yakafanira.
  • Vakwereti vangataura kuti chikwereti hachimanikidzi nemhaka yomutemo weganhuriro, kushaiwa kurangarira, kana kuti kubiridzira. Mumiriri anoyera ufakazi hwamavambo echikwereti uye kana mukwereti ane chikwereti.
  • Fair Foocticles Practices Act:[[FDCPA] Vatengesi vanonetswa kana kuti manomano anonyengera navateresi vechikwereti vanogona kunyora sututi. Chibvumirano chevagari vemo chinosarudza kana zviito zvomuunganidzi zvichiputsa mutemo womubatanidzwa kana kuti wehurumende uye mibayiro kana zvikafanira. Federal Trade Commission’s FDCPA chipa peji yebupi rezvipo yeFDCPA

Zvinoitwa Mumitemo Yezvikwereti

Mutoro wechikwereti chaiwoiwo unovamba apo mukweretesi anoisa nyunyuto namazita. Ane chikwereti anofanira kupindura mukati menhambo yakatarwa; kukundikana kuita saizvozvo kunogona kuguma nerutongeso rwapanguva dzose. Kana mhinduro dzechikwereti, nhau yacho inopfuurira kuwana, apo mativi ose ari maviri angatsinhana magwaro namashoko. Nhanho dzechisarudzo chokupfupikisa dzingachengetwa kana pasina nharo dzechokwadi. Pakupedzisira, mhaka ingaenda kunotongwa, apo mupi wechatambira anopa chisarudzo pashure pokunzwa nenharo dzapamutemo.

Mibato mikuru yeKupedza Chivi muChisarudzo cheChikwereti

  • Chisakiso chokusarudza: Dare rinosarudza kana musengwa unomanikidzirwa pamutemo uripo uye, kana zvakadaro, chitsama chawo chaichoicho.
  • [ Mitoro inoisa chibvumikiso: Kujekesa kunojekesa kuti ipatii ine mutoro wokubvumikisa chinhu chimwe nechimwe, (sezvinei mukwereti anofanira kuratidza chikwereti chiripo, nepo mukwereti angada kubvumikisa dziviriro.
  • Mitsetse inonyoreswa: Dare rinodudzira ndokuita kuti zvibvumirano zvechikwereti zvitendwe, zvinonyorwa, zvibvumirano zvokuchengetedzwa, uye vimbiso mukuwirirana nomutauro wavo wakapfava nomutemo unoshanda.
  • Kurondedzera: Miuyo yakashurikidzwa ingabatanidza mitongo yemari, mirairo nokuda kwokuita kwakananga, mirairo inorwisana nokumwe kuunganidzwa, kana kuti mirau yokubvisa kuti chikwereti hachishandi.
  • Kuisa muenzaniso: zvisarudzo zvakabudiswa mumitongo yechikwereti uye kubhuroka zvinobetsera kudare renhau, zvichitungamirira matare enguva yemberi neakaderera.

Zvisarudzo Zvokutonga

Kunyange zvazvo kuvimbisana kwevagari vemo kuchipa chisarudzo chinobata, hakusiri nzira bedzi. kukakavadzana kwezvikwereti kwakawanda kunopedzwa nemiitiro inoderedza nguva, ndyiko, uye kuoma kwepfungwa. Matare anowanzokurudzira vanhu kuti vaongorore zvisarudzo izvi vasati vasarudza kana kuti mukati mokuchinja.

Kushanda

Muzvironzeso, boka rechitatu risina kwavakarerekera rinopfavisa kurukurirano pakati pechikwereti nomukwereti, richibetsera kusvika chibvumirano chinogamuchirika. Murevereri haamanikidzi chisarudzo; panzvimbo pezvo, anotungamirira kurukurirano ndokukarakadza zvigadzikiso zvokugadzira. matare eBankruptic anoraira nenzira inowedzera kutaurirana muzvinoitika zvakaoma zvikuru muChitsauko 11 kupedza kutaura kana kuti kuronga nhau.

Kubvisa Muropa

Arbitrotion inobatanidza mutongi asingatori rutivi uyo anonzwa ufakazi ndokushandura chisarudzo chinobatanidza kana kuti chisingasungi. Zvibvumirano zvakawanda zvechikwereti zvevatengi zvinobatanidza zvikamu zvinoda kuti makakatanwa apedzwe neiyi nzira panzvimbo mudare. American Arbitration Association uye mamwe masangano anogovera mitemo nerosterars dzevakwaniri vakakwaniriswa. The American Arbithoration Association

Kutarisira Zvikwereti Nokugara

Zvibvumirano izvi zvinobatanidza vakweretesi vanoderedza mwero womubereko kana kuti mari mukuchinjana mitero yenguva dzose inopiwa nesangano. Kukurukurirana kwokugadzirisa zvakananga pakati pavakwereti navakwereti kunogonawo kupedza gakava pasina kupindira kwedare, kunyange zvazvo nzvimbo dzichifanira kunyorwa mutsamba kudzivisa rwisano dzomunguva yemberi.

Kumanikidzwa Kwezvisarudzo Zvakaregwa

Kana mukwereti asingabhadhari nokuzvidira, mukwereti anofanira kuronda miitiro yokuita kuti zvinhu zvirambe zvichiitwa nedare.

  • [ Mari inogadzirwa: Dare rinoraira mushandirwi wechikwereti kunyima mukwereti chikamu chemari inotambirwa ndokuaisa kumukweretesi kusvikira rutongeso rwagutswa. Mitemo yehurumende inoganhurira chitsama chinogona kubviswa.
  • [[FOL:0] Ndyiko: Murayiro wedare unoraira bhangi romukwereti kuisa chigadziko ndokudzorera mari muakaundi, kusvikira kuchitsama chorutongeso.
  • [ propected mache: Mutongo ungava nhema panzvimbo yenhaka yomukwereti, uchibvumira mukwereti kumanikidza mutengesi kupfurikidza nemisika yomutongi kana nzvimbo yacho ine maruramiro akakwana.
  • [ Kutonga: kana ane chikwereti akasateerera namaune murairo wedare (] zvakadai sokukundikana kuoneka nokuda kwokunzvera kwomukwereti)] dare rinogona kuvazvidza, kuchitungamirira kufaindi kana kuti kunyange kusungwa.

Kana mafaira ane chikwereti chokubhuroka, kugara kwokuzviitikira kunomisa kurasa, kubhadharwa, uye mamwe mabasa okuunganidza, kuchipinza gakava racho musimba redare rinobhuroka.

Tapuro Pavakwereti Nevakwereti

Tsinhiro yavagari vemo inotapura zvikuru vose vari vaviri vane chikwereti navakwereti, vachiumba nguva yavo yemberi yezvemari nechimiro chapamutemo.

Nokuda Kwevane Zvikwereti

Kupikiswa kunobudirira mukuwandisa kunogona kutungamirira kukubudiswa kwezvikwereti zvinokodzera, kupa mavambo matsva anobviswa nemisengwa inokurira. Zvisinei, muitiro wacho unoda kuziviswa kwakazara kwezvinhu, batira pamwe neanovimba, uye kunamatira kumirairo yedare. Vakwereti vanoshatisa mashoko vangatarisana nokurambwa kwokusunungurwa kana kuti kunyange kupiwa mhaka. Mukusaparadzirwa kwemhosva, rutongeso mukurwisana nomukwereti runogona kukuvadza miuyo yechikwereti, kutungamirira kukurasikirwa nezvisakiso, uye kuparira dzvinyiriro yemipiro inopfuurira.

Nokuda Kwavakwereti

Vakwereti vanotsamira pabvumirano kuti vadzorerezve maakaundi asina kutendeseka uye kuti vaende pamwe chete nemitemo inowirirana. Chisarudzo chakanaka kana kuti chirongwa chakasimbiswa chinovabvumira kuunganidza kupfurikidza nemiitiro yapamutemo. Zvisinei, vakweretesi vanofanira kushandisa mitemo yetsika, mitoro inooneka, uye zvirambidzo zvinganyorwa zvakashata. Kutaura kwakanyorwa kwakaipa kungaderedzwa kana kuti kusingabvumirwi, uye nzira dzokuunganidza dzamasimba masimba dzinogona kuvashayisa mumitemo inodzivirira. The American Bar Association’s Business Law Language Comment[ inopa mipiro yavakweretesi nazano ravo.

mhedziso

Tsigiro yavagari vemo inoramba iri fandesheni yechisarudzo chakarongwa mukubhuroka uye kukakavadzana kwechikwereti. Kupfurikidza nokugovera nzvimbo isingatori rutivi inodzorwa nemitemo yakagadzwa, inovimbisa kuti vane mhaka vanogamuchira dziviriro pamiitiro yokuunganidza kwakaipa nepo vakweretesi vanogona kuita kuti zvizivikanwe zvapamutemo. Kungava kupfurikidza nenhambo yakazara, kuunganidzwa kwechikwereti chimwe, kana kuti mitoo yakavhengana kufanana nokubhadharwa kwezvikweretiso, muitiro wemiitiro yezvibvumirano unounza zvakajeka, kusasarura, uye kuguma kwerwisano yemari. Kunzwisisa mabasa azvo, miitiro, uye zvinotsiva zvinogona kusimbisa mapoka ose kuti adzore kupfurikidza nokuvimbwa kwemitemo uye miuyo inoremekedza zvose zvinhu zvorudzidziso nomutemo.