Kuchengetwa kwomutemo kunobatira sehwaro hwenzanga inoshanda, kushandura mirau yakanyorwa kuva chinhu chaichoicho chezuva riri rose. Pasina gadziriro yakazvitsaurira yokuita kuti mitemo iteererwe, mabumbiro emitemo aizoramba ari mirangariro isingazivikanwi. Varume navakadzi vanobatira mubasa iri kudzivirira utsotsi, kunzvera mhosho, uye kuchengeta nhevedzano yavose. Kunzwisisa kuti mitemo inomanikidzirwa sei kunoda kunzvera masangano, miitiro, miraudzo yapamutemo, uye masangano avanhu anoumba mapurisa azvino uno. Nyaya ino inogovera kupfupikisana kune chiremera kwebasa remitemo, kubva pamavambo ayo enhau kusvikira kunguva yemberi yayo inouya.

Kurondedzera Mutemo: Chikamu Nechiremera

Kuchengetwa kwomutemo kunonongedzera kugadziriro yakarongwa iyo vakuru vakuru vehurumende vakasarudzwa nayo — zvakadai samapurisa, vatongi, vamiriri vehurumende, uye vakuru vakuru vanoraira — vanoshandisa kuchengetwa kwemitemo, kudzivirirwa kwoutsotsi, uye kuchengetwa kworugare rwavose. Chiremera chinopiwa kuava vakuru vakuru chinobatanidza simba rokusunga, kusungwa, kutsvaka, uye kushandisa simba riri madikanwa mukati memiganhu yomutemo. Chiremera ichi hachiganhurirwi; chinomanikidzirwa nedziviriro dzamabumbiro emitemo, miraudzo, uye kutarisirwa kwedare.

MuUnited States, kuchengetwa kwomutemo kunoshanda pamwero inoverengeka: nzvimbo yomunzvimbomo, nyika, hurumende, uye dzinza. Mwero mumwe nomumwe une mativi akasiana nemitoro. Somuenzaniso, mapurisa omunzvimbomo anodzikamisa mitemo yepeniparatisi nemitemo yehurumende mukati memiganhu yeguta, nepo Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) inobata nokutyorwa kwomutemo wehurumende. Iyi gadziriro yakavharwa inovimbisa kuti hakuna sangano rimwe rine mutoro wakazara wokuchengeta mutemo, asi inoparirawo kuoma kwemitezo yetsika nerongedzero. Basa rehwaro rinoramba richichinjika pamwero yose: kudzivirira upenyu, zvinhu, uye mutemo.

Kuchinja Kwomutemo Kwenhau Kunosimbiswa

Kunzwisisa kuti kuchengetwa kwemitemo kwakatanga sei kwemazana emakore kunobatsira kuti pave nezviito zvakwo uye matambudziko.

  • Masangano ekare: muEgipita yakare, vafaro vaishandisa vakuru vakuru vaizivikanwa se "mejay" kuchengeta muganhu worugare nokurinda. MuChina, vatongi vomunzvimbomo vaibata mabasa ose ari maviri okutonga neokutarisira. Umambo hweRoma hwakatanga vhigiles[[FLT]], boka renharirire dzaitenderera migwagwa uye dzairwa mwoto wapakuvamba wekotsekano yavose.
  • Middle Ages naEarly Modern: MuEngland yeMiddle Ages, gadziriro yejeepledge yaida mapoka edzimba gumi (zvinhu) kuva ane mutoro pamwe chete nokuda kwomutemo nenhevedzano. Pakasvika zana ramakore rechi13, hofisi yedare rakabuda semukuru mukuru mukuru wedare muruwa rumwe norumwe. Mufungo we "hue nokuchema" unoraira vagari vemo kuti vabetsere mukuronda matsotsi.
  • Kuberekwa kwePolicia yazvino uno: Uto ramapurisa razvino uno rakaumbwa muzana ramakore rechi 19. Sir Robert Peel akatanga Metropolitan Police Service muLondon muna 1829, achitanga nheyo dzenharirire dzinodzivirira, vakuru vakuru vakuru vakapfeka yunifomu, uye vatariri vehurumende. Nheyo dzamapurisa, dzakadai se "mapurisa vanhu vose uye vanhu mapurisa," dzichiri pesvedzero yezvizivi zvokushanda kwemapurisa nhasi.
  • American Developments: muUnited States, kuchengetwa kwomutemo kwapakuvamba kwairatidzira mienzaniso yeBritain asi kwakashanduka nomuganhu. Kugadzirwa kweFBI muna 1908 kwakaratidzira chinjo kugadziriro yehurumende yakarongwa, yapakati. Gadziriro yekodzero dzavagari vemo nechinjo dzinotevera dzakasundwa nokuda kwokuzvidavirira kukuru zvikuru, kuchitungamirira kuLaw Enforcement Administration nemipimo yazvino uno yerovedzo nemhindu.

Nhau yokuchengetwa kwemitemo inoratidza kusawirirana kunoramba kuripo pakati pokuchengeta runyararo nokudzivirira rusununguko rwemunhu nemunhu — kusagadzikana kunoramba kuchichinja zvinhu.

Fandesheni Yepamutemo: Nzira Iyo Mitemo Inopa Nayo Simba Nokurayira

Kudzikamiswa kwomutemo hakushandi munzvimbo yepamutemo. Kusungwa, kutsvaka, uye kushandiswa kwesimba kwose kunofanira kuwirirana nedziviriro dzebumbiro remitemo. MuUnited States, Pendement yeChina inorambidza kunzvera kusina mufungo uye nhumbu, inoda maruramiro akavakirwa pachingabvira mumamiriro ezvinhu mazhinji. Findmerment inodzivirira pakuzvidzora uye inovimbisa muitiro. Sixth Amendment inovimbisa maruramiro kutongwa kwokukurumidza uye zano remitemo.

Iyi miganhu yebumbiro remitemo yakanatswa kupfurikidza nenhau dzeDare gurusa. Miranda v. Arizona (66) yakatanga chinodikanwa kuti vakuru vakuru vazivise maruramiro avo pamberi pokunyumwira. TERY v. Ohio (1968) yakabvumira kumira namafliks akavakirwa panyumwiro ine mufungo. Mapp v.[[FLT:][5]] (11961] akashandisa mutemo wekusarudza kumatare, bharipo ufakazi hunowanikwa kupfurikidza nokunzvera kusiri kwapamutemo. Kunzwisisa aya mativi ose ari maviri epamutemo uye mabasa omutemo anobvumirwa nokusimbisa kuti mutemo uve zvapamutemo.

Kupfuura mutemo webumbiro remitemo, mirau inorondedzera mhaka dzakati nezvirango, nepo mirau yokudzora inodzora miitiro yesangano. Somuenzaniso, Posse Comitatus Act inoganhurira kushandiswa kwavashandi vehurumende nokuda kwokuchengetwa kwomutemo wemhuri, ichichengeta vasaparati vehurumende vemapurisa. Mukuwedzera, mitemo yenyika neyomunzvimbomo ingaisa zvinodikanwa zvokuwedzera, zvakadai sokushandisa kana kuti kunzvera kwokuzvimirira kwevarwi vepfura.

Mabasa Omutemo

Masangano anoona nezvokuchengetwa kwemitemo amazuva ano anoita mabasa akasiyana - siyana asingangoiti zvokusunga chete.

Kudzivirira Utsotsi Nokubatanidzwa Munzanga

Kudzivirira utsotsi kunobatanidza zvirongwa zvokuderedza mikana yomubato woutsotsi. Ikoku kunobatanidza vatariri vanooneka, mapurogiramu ewachi, vakuru vakuru vezvirongwa zvezvikoro, uye nhimbe dzedzidzo yavose. Politiki yenzanga inosimbisa kuvaka chivimbo uye inoshanda pamwe chete navagari vemo kupedza zvinetso zvikuru zvakadai sourombo, kushandiswa zvisina kufanira kwezvinhu, uye njodzi dzendangariro. Kunzvera kubva ku Bhureau reMitationsties [[[FLT: 1]] inoratidzira kuti nzanga dzine ukama hwamapurisa hwakasimba hwemibatanidzwa kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji dzinowana mwero yakaderera yeutsotsi nemwero yakakwirira yebatira yavose.

KUFUNGA MAtsotsi

Kana pakaitika mhosva, vaongorori vemitemo vanoshanda kuti vazive vanofungidzirwa, vaudze kuti vapi, uye vaumbe nyaya dzedare. Izvi zvinosanganisira kubvunzurudza zvapupu, kuunganidza uchapupu hwezvokunyama nehwemakombiyuta, kuongorora zviitiko zvoutsotsi, uye kushanda nemarabhoritari emhosva. Vanoongorora vanowanzova nyanzvi mune zvakadai sokuuraya, mishonga, mhosva dzemari, kana kuti utsotsi hwepaIndaneti. Kuongorora kunonyatsokanganisa mukana wokubudirira, kurovedza nokuomerera zvakakwana kutsika dzakakodzera.

Kusungwa Nokurega Kufunga

Kusungwa ndiko kushandiswa kunooneka zvikurusa kwechiremera chokuchengeta mutemo. Varwi vangasunga vanonyumwira negwaro kana kuti, mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, pasina mumwe kana vane chikonzero chinobvira chokudavira mhaka yakaitwa. Pashure pokusungwa, vanhu vanowanzonyorwa nechekwakanyorwa, vakaiswa, uye vaiswa muduramende rokuchengetera zvinhu. Kushandiswa kwesimba mukati mekusungwa kunodzorwa nemupimo wakagadzwa mu .Graham v. Connor[[F:1]] (1998), inoda kuti vakuru vakuru vasha vaite somumwe munhu ane mufungo mumigariro.

Kushandiswa Kwemotokari Nokuchengeteka Kwavanhu

Mitemo yomumugwagwa inomanikidzirwa kwete bedzi kubudisa mashoko asi kuderedza tsaona netsaona. Vakuru vakuru vanoongorora kumhanya kwemarovha, kutyaira kwakakuvadzwa, kushandiswa kwebhandi rezvigaro, uye kumwe kuputsa. Kumira kwemotokari kunobatirawo sechishandiso chokudzivisa mubato woutsotsi; kusungwa kwakawanda nokuda kwemhosva dzemirimo, kuba motokari, uye zvombo zvinobva mukumira kwenguva dzose. Zvisinei, muitiro wacho wakakweverwa kunzvera nokuda kweparadzaniswa kwemadzinza uye bviro yokubvisa, kuchitungamirira kukuchinja mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzinoganhurira rugwaro rwakanyorwa.

Mhinduro Yekurumidziro Nebetsero Yavose

Vatarisiri vemitemo ndivo vanowanzoita chimwe chinhu panjodzi dzinongoerekana dzaitika, kusanganisira njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga, njodzi dzezvokurapa, uye kuvhiringidzika kwedzimba. Vanopa yamuro nokukurumidza, vanoshandira pamwe nemamwe masangano akadai semoto nemabasa okurapa anokurumidzira, uye vanova nechokwadi chokuti vanhu vakachengeteka muzviitiko zvikuru. Madhipatimendi akawanda anopawo mabasa akadai sechenjedzo dzegarikano, kudzivirira utsotsi, uye kudzivirira utsotsi. Basa iri rakafara rinosimbisa kukosha kwevakuru vakuru vakuru vanorovedzwa kupindira munjodzi, kuderedza kuchengeteka, uye kuyamura kwoutano hwokutanga.

Zvikamu Zvemitemo Zvinomanikidzwa Kushanda Nezvokurayira Kwazvo

Kunzwisisa misiyano yacho kunobetsera kujekesa kuti mitemo inosungirwa sei pamwero yakasiana - siana.

Mahofisi Emapurisa Omunzvimbomo

Madhipatimendi emapurisa eMinisita anoshanda mumaguta nemataundi. Anobhadharwa nemari yemari yemo uye anozvidavirira kumatare eguta kana kuti meya.

Hofisi Dzavatongi Voruwa

Vatongi vanosarudzwa kuva vakuru vakuru munyika dzakawanda, vane mutoro wenharaunda dzisina kubatanidzwa dzeruwa.Mabasa avo anobatanidza kuchengetwa kwomutemo, majeri omuruwa, kubatira mapepa edare, uye kugovera chengeteko nokuda kwedzimba dzedare. Nemhaka yokuti vatongi vanozvidavirira mune zvamatongerwe enyika, mitemo yavo inogona kusiana zvikuru pakati pezviverengero.

Mapurisa eHurumende Nepatrol

Mamwe masangano ehurumende ane udzori hwehurumende munyika yose. dzimwe nyika dzine vatarisiri vanoongorora migwagwa vakananga pamitemo inorambidza kufamba kwemotokari, nepo mamwe ane mapurisa ehurumende akazara anoongorora utsotsi uye anobatsira madhipatimendi omunharaunda.

Kumanikidzwa Kwomutemo Wehurumende

Masangano ehurumende anodzika mitemo inopiwa neCongress ndokuongorora mhosva dzinoparwa nehurumende kana kuti dzinobatanidza fariro dzomubatanidzwa.

Kusimbiswa kwoMutemo Wedzinza

Zvisinei, mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma anovapo nemhaka yokuti mhosva dzinoparwa munyika dzemadzinza dzingabatanidza hurumende, hurumende, kana kuti madzinza zvichitsamira parudzi rwemhosva yacho uye masangano anobatanidzwa.

Gadziriro Yeruramisiro Youtsotsi: Kubva Pakushuma Kukusarudza

Kuchengetwa kwomutemo ipfundo rokupinda kugadziriro youtsotsi yeruramisiro. Muitiro wacho unotevera zvikurukuru idzi nhano:

  1. Kushuma: Mhaka inoshumwa kurongedzero yomutemo nanyajambwa, chapupu, kana kuti alamu inoitika. Dispatch inotumira vakuru kunzvimbo.
  2. Prelitorial Investigation: Vamiriri vakachengeteka nzvimbo, vazivise uye bvunzurudzo, uye vanounganidza ufakazi hwapakarepo. Vanowana kana utsotsi hwakaitika uye kana kuchibvira.
  3. Kutevera Nzvero: Vanowana mufambiro munzvero youkuru, kubatanidza kunzvera kwoungwaru, kunzvera, uye bvunzurudzo. Vanogadzira faira yenhau uye vangawana magwaro okunzvera.
  4. Arrest kana kuti sumo: Kana ufakazi hwakakwana huripo, vatariri vanosunga kunyumwirwa kana kuti kupa chiratidzo chokuoneka mudare. Nokuda kwamaferoni akakomba, kusungwa ndokwakafanira.
  5. [[FLT: 0] Authoring and Explorer Transparect Translation station: Pashure pokusungwa, fungidziro inobhadharwa ndokuunzwa pamberi pomutongi mukati mamaawa 48 (sezvineiwirirano) nokuda kwokuoneka kwokutanga, uko pomero dzinoraviwa nenzira yakarongwa, bheraroko inogadzwa, uye zano rapamutemo rinogadzwa kana kuchidikanwa.
  6. Commentaudition: Muchuchisi anohwirudzura ufakazi ndokusarudza kana kunyora pomero. Vangaramba kuroverera mhaka kana ufakazi husina kusimba kana kuti kunongedzera mhaka nokuda kwechisarudzo chakasiana.
  7. Kutonga nokutonga: Kana pomero dzichichengetwa, nhau inovapo kupfurikidza nokuwanwa, kudzorwa, uye sezvinobvira kutongwa. Vatarisiri vanotarisira murairo kazhinji kazhinji vanopupurira sezvapupu.
  8. Kukwidziridza nokukwirira: Kana mukwirirwi akawanirwa mhaka, mutongi anoisa mutongo. Kuchengetwa kwomutemo kungabetsera mukutarisira kwokunzverwa kana kuti kubvumidzwa kwokuputsa mutemo.

Nhano imwe neimwe inoda kuomerera kumitemo kuti pave nechokwadi chokuti mitemo yacho inotonga zvakarurama uye kuti inoita zvinhu zvakarurama.

Matambudziko Nemakakatanwa Mumutemo Wazvino Uno

Masangano anochengeta mutemo anotarisana nedenho dzinokosha idzo dzinotapura mano awo okuita kuti mitemo ishande nenzira inobudirira apo anenge achichengeta chivimbo chavanhu.

Kuvimba Nenzanga uye Kururamisira

Kushatiswa kwenhau, kudzorwa kwedzinza, uye zvinoitika zvakakwirira zvesimba rakanyanyisa zvakaparadza chivimbo munzanga dzakawanda. Nzvero inobva ku [[FLT: 0] Pew Research Center [ inoratidza kuti vatema navaHispanic vokuAmerica havabviri zvikuru kupfuura vachena kuti mapurisa anobata mapoka ose edzinza nenzira yakaenzana. Kuvaka pamutemo kunoda kuonana pachena, kuzvidavirira, uye kuvimbisana kwechokwadi. Madhipatimendi akawanda akapinza mapurani enzanga, rovedzo yechenjere, uye kushandisa chinjo dzemitengo kuti apedzeke izvi zvinonetsa.

Kushandiswa Kwesimba uye Kuzvidavirira

Kushandiswa kwesimba navakuru vakuru kunonzverwa zvikuru. Nepo kusangana kwamapurisa kwakawanda hakubatanidzi simba, uko kunogona kuva nemigumisiro inodzorwa noupenyu. "kunzwisisa" kwedare guru" nzvimbo inowirirana nokuda kwokududzira, kuchitungamirira kumigumisiro inopesana. Kuraira nokuda kwokuchinja kwakabatanidza kuraira de-ectation sechisarudzo chokutanga, kurambidza miganhu uye kusashandisa mawirirano mumitezo yemitengo, uye kuvimbisa kunzvera kwokuzvimirira kwokupfura. [[FLT:] Chivico. Chibvumirano cheRevoidzo cheDheswo yeChitongi[FLT]

Kuvhiringidzwa Kwezvinhu Nechirwere Chepfungwa

Masangano akawanda anoshanda nemari yakaganhurirwa, kusakwanira kwavashandi, uye zvishandiso zvechinyakare. Panguva imwe cheteyo, vakuru vakuru vanowanzopindura kukumbiro dzinobatanidza chirwere chendangariro, kushandiswa zvisina kufanira kwezvinodhaka, uye kushaya musha (masangano anoda betsero dzenzanga panzvimbo pokupindira kwedare routsotsi). Dzimwe hurumende dzakatanga mapoka anopindira anoparira njodzi (CIT) kana kuti mapikicha anoshanda pamwe chete ayo vakuru vakuru vaviri vane nyanzvi dzoutano hwendangariro. Mapurogiramu aya anogona kuderedza kusungwa nokuvandudza migumisiro yevanhu vari munjodzi.

Ngozi Dzoutsotsi Nedzinoswedera

Zera remichina rakatanga marudzi matsva outsotsi hunodenha nzira dzetsika dzokuita kuti vanhu vatevedzere. Cybercription inobatanidza kuba kuzivikanwa, kucheka, kubiridzira paIndaneti, kubiridzira vana, uye kurwisa kwokudzikinura. Kudzikamisa mutemo kunofanira kupfuurira kuvandudza unyanzvi hwemibato uye kushanda pamwe chete nevamwe vomunharaunda. Masangano eFBI akadai seCyber Division neSecrectal Electronic Criminations Task Force anotungamirira nhamburiko idzi, asi masangano omunzvimbomo kazhinji kazhinji haakwanisi kuongorora zvinoshandiswa pakombiyuta.

Kuchinja Kwemapurisa Nokudzika Mitemo

Mumakore achangobva kupfuura aya, hurumende dzehurumende nedzehurumende dzakaita chinjo dzinobata nedzinodzivisa kukwaniriswa, pasina kubvumirwa kwekamera, mitemo yekamera, uye muunganidzwa wemashoko pakushandiswa kwesimba. George Floyd Justice in Policing Act (inopfuura muImba asi isina kusiiwa sa2025) yakakarakadza chinjo huru. Pamwero wehurumende, mitemo inosiana zvikuru, kuvamba basa remipimo. Gakavadzano inopfuurira inoratidzira chinetso chokudzikamisa chengeteko yavose nekodzero dzavanhu vamwe navamwe.

Mirangariro Yamarudzi Ose Pamutemo Unosimbiswa

Nepo nyaya ino ichinangidzira ngwariro zvikurukuru paUnited States, gadziriro dzokuita kuti mutemo dzive dzinosiana munyika yose. Munyika dzakawanda dzeEurope, mapurisa anonyanyoiswa pakati uye anosimbisa kudzivirira utsotsi kupfurikidza negarikano. Somuenzaniso, chiGerman Polizeici[ chinoshanda mukudzikamisa kwomutemo uye chine ganhuriro dzakasimba pakushandiswa kwepfuti. Kunzvera uku kunobetsera pakuchinja kwemiitiro yePine masimba, chine tsika refu yavakuru vakuru vakuru vakuru vehurumende vasina zvombo.

Nguva Yemberi Yokusimbiswa kwoMutemo: Kuvandudzwa uye Kuchinjwa

Kuchinja kwemagariro evanhu, kufambira mberi kweruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu, uye kukurukurirana kwevanhu kuri kuramba kuchikanganisa mutemo.

Kuchinja Kweruzivo Rwokugadzira Zvinhu

Makamera anoiswa mumuviri, varavi vemaraiseti anodzorwa nemotokari, madronesi, uye maatomu anofanoziva atova anoshandiswa. Kuziva kunobatsira masangano kugovera zvinhu nenzira inobudirira zvikuru uye kuziva matsotsi anopisa. Zvisinei, maturusi aya anomutsa funganyo pamusoro pezvakavanzika, tsvete, uye utariri. Kushandiswa kworuzivo rwokuziva chiso kwave kune nharo zvikuru, uye mamwe maguta anorambidza kushandiswa kwarwo nemapurisa. Kuvandudza maruramiro ekodzero dzevanhu kuchava denho huru.

Vanhu Vakapinda Muhurumende

Uzivi hwemapurisa omunzanga, hwakatanga kukurumbira muma 1980, hunopfuurira kuva hwemhindumupindu. Hunosimbisa kugadziridza chinetso, zvikwata, uye kuvimbisana panzvimbo pokuita kuti zviitwe. Mamwe madhipatimendi akaedza purogiramu dzeruramisiro dzinogadziridza, umo vaparadzi vanosangana nevanyajambwa nemitezo yenzanga kuti vagadzirise kuvadziko. Kubvisa ngwariro kubva pamatanho okuranga kukuvadza kukuvadziko kungavandudza chengeteko yavose yenguva refu ndokuderedza madzinza.

Kudzidzisa uye Kuchinja Dzidzo

Politiki yazvino uno inoda zvinopfuura unyanzvi hwokunyama. Vadzori zvino vanowana rovedzo mukuderera kwetsika, kupindira kwenjodzi, kukwikwidzana kwetsika, tsika, uye tsvete yakajeka. Mipimo yemitemo yehurumende yeTreacreditation for Law Inforcement Active Activession (CALEA) inogadza zviratidzo zvedzidzo yebasa. Kupfuurira kwedzidzo nerovedzo yezviono zvinobetsera zvinochinjika kumigariro yakaoma uye zvinoderedza bviro yemhoshoro dzemhosho.

Zvimiro Zvokutsiva

Kuderedza mutoro pavakuru vakuru vakapika, nzanga dzakawanda dziri kugadzira dzimwe nzvimbo dzemhinduro nokuda kweshanyo dzisina masimba masimba. Mienzaniso inobatanidza vapinduri vendangariro vasiri varwi, mapoka ekotsekano yenzanga isina kushongedzerwa, uye masangano enjodzi dzinofamba. Izvi zvirongwa zvinogona kusunungura mapurisa nokuda kwezvinoitika zvakakomba zvikuru apo anenge achigovera tarisiro chaiyo kuvanhu vanoshaiwa. Fundo, dzakadai seidzo dzinoitiswa ne rand Corporation[, dzinokarakadza kuti mienzaniso yakadaro inogona kuvandudza miuyo ndokuderedza kusungwa nokuda kwemhosva dzakaderera.

Kupedzisa: Kuchinja Kunoenderera Mberi Kwomutemo Kunomanikidzirwa

Kuchengetwa kwomutemo kunoramba kuri gadziriro ine simba uye inokosha munzanga. Basa rayo nderokushandisa mutemo, asi ibasawo rokudzivirira chengeteko yavose nedziviriro dzekodzero dzebumbiro remitemo. Hunhu hweupenyu hwazvino uno hwekutyisidzira kusaenzana kwechinjo kunopfuurira,(whendedri kuti masangano anochinja anoramba achichinja. Nokunzwisisa midzi yenhau, nheyo dzemitemo, mabasa akasiana - siana, uye denho dzinotambudza, vagari vemo nevanogadzira mitemo zvakafanana vanogona kubatanidzwa mukurukurirano yezivo pamusoro penguva yemberi yebasa. Kudisa kuvandudza, kuvandudza, kuvaka chivimbo kuchasarudza kana mutemo uchisvitsa kariro dzakakwirira idzo nzanga inozviisa pauri.