Table of Contents

Kunzwisisa kuti hurumende inoshanda sei muUnited States kunoda kutarira kupfuura Washington, D.C. nepo mitemo yomubatanidzwa ichiwanzodzora misoro mikuru yenhau, chokwadi ndechokuti vaAmerica vazhinjisa vane onano huru yezuva nezuva nehurumende dzavo neyomunzvimbomo kupfuura nehurumende yehurumende. Kubvira panguva yaunomuka kusvikira panguva yaunorara, masangano ehurumende ane mwero mizhinji anoumba zvinoitika zvako, anodzivirira chengeteko yako, uye anogovera mabasa anokosha anoita kuti upenyu hwazvino uno hubvire.

Gadziriro yeAmerica yehurumende inoita gadziriro yakaoma asi inobudirira umo simba rinoparadzirwa mumitengo yomubatanidzwa, yehurumende, uye yomunzvimbomo. Nhevedzano imwe neimwe ine mitoro yakasiana, bva inoshanda pamwe chete munzira dzisingaverengeki dzokubatira vagari vemo.iyi nyaya inonzvera mabasa akazara aya hurumende dzinoita, kuti dzinobatirana sei, uye nei dzichinzwisisa nhau idzi nokuda kweAmerica iri yose.

Kunzwisisa Gadziriro Yehurumende

United States inoshanda mugadziriro yehurumende umo simba rehurumende rinokamuraniswa pakati pechiremera chikuru namasangano ezvamatongerwe enyika akabatana. Ichi chivako, chakatangwa neBumbiro reMitemo reU.S., chinoparira dzikamo inobvumira zvose zviri zviviri chinzwano chorudzi nemhatsa yenharaunda.

Tsigiro yeBumbiro reMitemo

Pasi peMitemo yeThith Amendment kuBumbiro reMitemo reU.S., masimba ose asina kupiwa hurumende yehurumende anochengeterwa hurumende navanhu.Iyi nheyo inokosha inosimbisa kuti hurumende yehurumende ine masimba iwayo bedzi akagoverwa zvakananga kwairi, nepo nyika dzichichengeta chiremera chakafara pamusoro penhau dzisina kugoverwa zvakananga kuhurumende yorudzi.

Simba risati richipiwa kuhurumende yomubatanidzwa rakachengeterwa hurumende navanhu, avo vakakamurwa pakati pehurumende dzenyika nedzomunzvimbomo.Iri boka rinoparira gadziriro ine simba umo mwero yakasiana - siana yehurumende inogona kukurukura nhau pamwero wakafanira zvikurusa, kubva kuitiro hanya dzomunharaunda kusvikira kuzvinhu zvamarudzi ose.

Bharani Hutatu

Hurumende dzose dzehurumende dzinoenzanisirwa nehurumende yehurumende uye dzakaumbwa namapazu matatu: vakuru vakuru, vatongi, uye vatongi. ichi chirongwa chakafanana chinovimbisa kusachinjana mumashandire anoita hurumende mumwero yakasiana - siana apo inochengeta cheki nedzikamo zvinodzivisa bazu ripi neripi kuunganidza simba rakanyanyowanda.

Bazu ravakuru vakuru, rinotungamirirwa naPurezidhendi pamwero wehurumende uye magavhuna pamwero wehurumende, rinomanikidzira mitemo uye rinotarisira mabasa ehurumende yezuva nezuva. Bazu rewiscional rinogadzira mitemo ndokudzora kushandiswa kwehurumende. Bazu rinotonga rinodudzira mitemo ndokupedza gakava. Uku kuparadzana kwamasimba kuripo pamwero yose iri miviri yehurumende nehurumende, kuchiparira mirwi mizhinji yokuzvidavirira.

Basa Rinotambudza reHurumende Yenyika Muupenyu Hwezuva Nezuva

Hurumende yehurumende inobata anodokuva rutivi rwuri rwose rwoupenyu hweAmerica, kazhinji kazhinji munzira dzisingacherekedzwi.

Kudzivirira Nyika Yose Nokuchengeteka

Hurumende yehurumende inochengeta mauto kudzivirira nyika nevagari vayo. Ikoku kunobatanidza kwete bedzi masangano ane zvombo asiwo masangano ouchenjeri, muganhu, uye mabasa okudzivirira adzoroko. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) ine mutoro wokudzivirira miganhu yeUnited States kupfurikidza nokushora vanhu nezvinhu kupinda muUnited States nenzira isiri pamutemo; kudzivirira kupinda kwezvinhu zvine ngozi, narcotics, uye pfuti; uye kuzivisa, kupindura, uye kurwisa magandanga, uye kupinza vatengesi vemirimo, vatengesi vemirimo, vanoshandisa zvinodhaka, vavhotera, uye vamwe vanhu vanotsvaka kukuvadza United States.

Kutamira Kune Imwe Nyika uye Kunzi Mugari Wemo

Masangano ehurumende anodzora mitemo yokupinda munyika, inotapura kuti ndiani anogona kupinda ndokugara munyika.

Kuchengeteka Munzanga uye Kubatsirwa Nokurega Basa

Hurumende yehurumende inogovera betsero dzeSocial Security, inodzora vanhu vakarega basa uye vakaremara munyika yose. Iyi purogiramu, yakagadzwa muna 1935, inogovera tsigiro yemari kumamirioni eAmerica akarega basa, akaremara, kana kuti akarasikirwa nomuriritiri wemhuri. Social Security inomirira imwe yenzira yakananga zvikurusa iyo hurumende yehurumende inotapura nayo chengeteko yemari yomunhu oga.

Dziviriro Yemutengi Nechengeteko

Masangano eFractal anoramba achishanda kudzivirira vatengi pazvinhu zvisina kukotsekana uye miitiro yokunyengera. Pasina kunzvera kunodikanwa neFoood and Drug Administration, haungazivi kana mishonga yakakotsekana kana kuti inoshanda. FDA haidzore bedzi mirimo inotenderwa asi inopfuura mishonga inodzorwa nachiremba, mishonga, mishonga, kotsekano yezvokudya, uye zvizoro.

Kupfuura FDA, mamwe masangano akawanda ehurumende anodzivirira vatengi. Federal Communications Commission inovimbisa kuti kutepfenyura kweredhiyo neterevhizheni hakudzongonyedzina. Environmental Protection Agency inogadza mipimo nokuda kwemhepo nemvura zvakanaka. Consumer Product Safety Commission inoyeuka zvinhu zvine ngozi. Masangano aya anoshanda zvikurukuru seri kwezviono zvacho, asi basa rinodzivisa kuvadziko dzisingaverengeki nenzufu gore rimwe nerimwe.

Kutsigira Mari Nebetsero Dzemitero

Hurumende yehurumende inogovera tsigiro huru yemari kuvanhu nemhuri kupfurikidza nepurogiramu dzakasiana-- siyana nemitero. Inonzi deredzero yemutero wembatya uye ndiimwe yegadziriro dzebetsero huru dzinodzorwa nehurumende yehurumende – inokwana mabhiriyoni US $60 pagore. Uku kubviswa kunobetsera mamirioni avaAmerica kubhadhara muridzi wedzimba kupfurikidza nokuderedza mutoro wavo wemitero.

Chimwe chezvikonzero zvaunogona kubhadhara iyi purogiramu ichikwereti chemari yomutero yavana $3 000 chaunowana kuhurumende yehurumende gore riri rose.

Kutengeserana Nezvokufambisa Zvenyika

Hurumende yehurumende inodzora kutengeserana pakati penyika uye inoita kuti zvinhu zvive nenzvimbo dzinoda kugadzirirwa zvinhu.

Kudzivirirwa Kwekodzero Dzevanhu

Mitemo yenyika nezvisarudzo zvedare zvinodzivirira kodzero dzevagari vemo nerusununguko. Mitemo yekodzero dzevanhu inorambidza rusaruro rwakavakirwa parudzi, ruvara, rudzidziso, vatano, mavambo orudzi, urema, uye zera. Department of Justice inodzika mitemo iyi, ichivimbisa kuti vaAmerica vose vanofarikanya dziviriro yakaenzana pasi pomutemo pasinei zvapo nekwavanogara.

Masimba Ehurumende Nemabasa

Hurumende dzinobatira senhevedzano yapakati mugadziriro yenyika yeAmerica, dzichishandisa simba rakati pamusoro penhau dzinotapura zvakananga upenyu hwezuva nezuva hwavagari vemo. Hurumende imwe neimwe inoshanda sechinhu chinodzora chisiri chapanguva imwe napaduku nebumbiro remitemo rayo imene, mitemo, uye gadziriro yehurumende.

Chiremera Chebumbiro remitemo reHurumende

Nyika imwe neimwe ine bumbiro rayo rimene rakanyorwa, uye aya magwaro kazhinji kazhinji akarongwa zvikuru kupfuura mubiyayo wehurumende. Hurumende inoronga chimiro chehurumende yehurumende, inorondedzera maruramiro evagari vemo, uye inogadza masimba amahofisi akasiyana - siyana ehurumende. Kusafanana neBumbiro reMitemo reU.S., iro rinonangidzira ngwariro panheyo dzakafara uye masimba ehurumende akaganhurirwa, mirau yehurumende inowanzotaura nharaunda dzemiitiro muudzame hukuru.

MuTenth Amendment yeBumbiro reMitemo reU.S., hurumende dzine masimba ose asina kupiwa zvakananga kuhurumende yehurumende.Izvozvi zvinopa kuchinjika kukuru kukurukura nhau dzinovambira padzidzo kusvikira kururamisiro youtsotsi kusvikira kumira mirairo yebhizimisi munzira dzinoratidzira chiverengero chavagari vemo chakasiana nezvinokosha.

Gadziriro Dzedzidzo

Dzidzo inomirira mumwe wemitoro yehurumende inokosha zvikurusa. Elementary neSecondary zvinogamuchira mari kubva kumwero yose yakasiana yehurumende: inenge 8% kubva kuFederal Government, 50% kubva kuhurumende yeHurumende, uye 42% kubva kuhurumende dzomunzvimbomo.

Hurumende nedzinoisa mari yakawanda kudzidzo kupfuura imwe mutengo upi noupi. Iyi mari inoratidzira ukoshi hwedzidzo hukuru kuupfumi hwenyika nebudiriro yomunguva yemberi yavagari vayo.

Kutarisira Utano Noutano Hwavose

Hurumende dzinotarisira mapurogiramu eMedicaid einishuwarenzi, nyanzvi dzezvoutano, uye dzinotarisira zvipatara nemisha inochengeterwa vakwegura. Madhipatimendi ezvoutano ehurumende anoona kupararira kwezvirwere, kuongorora maresitorendi nezvokudya, uye kushandisa mapurogiramu okudzivirira kudzivirira zvirwere.

Pazvinokurumidzira utano hwevanhu, hurumende dzinoronga mhinduro, dzinopa zvirongwa zveutano, uye dzinoshanda nemadhipatimendi outano omunharaunda kuti adzivirire vagari vemo.

Kugadzirwa Kwezvifambiso

Rimwe ramabasa makurusa kuchengetedza zvivako zvehurumende zvakadai sechokufambisa, kurukurirano, uye gadziriro dzamagetsi. Migwagwa inochengetwa nokudzorwa nehurumende dzehurumende. Nyika dzinovaka nokuchengeta zviuru zvamakiromita zvemigwagwa, mabhiriji, uye mikoto. Vanobudisa marezenisi okutyaira, motokari dzinonyoresa, uye vanomanikidzira mitemo yemigwagwa.

Madhipatimendi ehurumende egadziriro huru dzezvirongwa zvezvifambiso, anoita kunzverwa kwekotsekano kwamabhiriji nemigwagwa, uye anoshandira pamwe namasangano ehurumende ari mumigwagwa mikuru.

Ruramisiro Yeutsotsi Nokuchengeteka Kwavanhu

Hurumende dzinorondedzera mhosva dzakawanda dzemhosva uye zvirango. matare ehurumende anotonga nyaya dzakawanda, kubva pakuputswa kwemhosva dzemumugwagwa kusvika kumhosva dzakakomba.

Majeri ehurumende anochengeterwa vasungwa vakawanwa vane mhaka dzemhosva dzehurumende, nepo mabhodhi ehurumende anosarudza kuti vasungwa vanogona kusunungurwa rini.

Kugadziridza Kwebhizimisi Nokubudirira Kwemari

Mitengo inodzora mabhizimisi anoshanda mukati memiganhu yayo, kubudisa marezenisi ebhizimisi, kuisa mitemo yokudzivirira vatengi, uye kutarisira kuiswa kwemakambani anochengetedza.Iwo anotanga makambani, anodzora makambani einishuwarenzi, uye anomanikidza mipimo yekotsekano yebasa.

Madhipatimendi ebasa ehurumende anodzika mitero nemitemo yeawa, anobata nezvinodiwa neinishuwarenzi yokushaya basa, uye magakava evashandi. Nyika dzinoronga mwero wemari inotambirwa, inodzora inishuwarenzi yevashandi, uye inogadza zvinodiwa zvokuchengeteka pabasa zvinowanzopfuura mipimo yehurumende.

Manyuko Okusika Nedziviriro Yemhoteredzo

Masangano ehurumende anochengetedza mhepo nemvura, kubvumira kuti zvinhu zvakanaka zvienderane nenzvimbo dzinogadzirwa nenzvimbo dzeindasitiri, uye anotarisira kuiswa kwemarara.

Nyika dzinotarisira kodzero dzemvura, kunyanya munyika dzokumadokero umo kushayikwa kwemvura kunokonzera makwikwi makuru pakati pezvirimwa, maguta, uye mhoteredzo.

Mari Inotambirwa neHurumende uye Mitero

Hurumende nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinowana mari yokugovera mabasa oruzhinji kubva kumanyuko makuru maviri, madhora emitero anobva kuvagari vemo uye mari inobva kuhurumende yehurumende.

Hurumende dzinowana mari yadzo kupfurikidza nemitero yemari yadzinowana uye mitero yehurumende inobhadharwa navanhu vamwe navamwe (pamwe nemitero yemari inotambirwa yehurumende). Mitero yokutenga mutero imari yakawedzerwa pachinhu chiri chose chakanaka kana kuti basa rinotengwa muhurumende. Mubatanidzwa wemitero unosiyana zvikuru pakati pehurumende, nemimwe ichitsamira zvikuru pamitero yemari, mimwe pamitero yemari, uye dzimwe nyika dzisina mutero wemari yose.

Mabasa eHurumende yeMugariro

Hurumende dzemo dzinomiririra hurumende dziri pedyo nevanhu, dzichipa mabasa anoshandiswa nevagari vemo zuva nezuva.Madhipatimendi emapurisa, maraibhurari, uye zvikoro — tisingadudzi marezenisi okutyaira uye matikiti okupaka motokari — zvinowanzova pasi pehurumende nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo.

Chivako Chehurumende Yomunzvimbomo

Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinowanzobatanidza mitsetse miviri: mitauro, inozivikanwawo sematura eAlaska neruwa muLouisiana, uye maturaia, kana kuti maguta/maguta. Matura anowanzofukidza nzvimbo hurusa dzenzvimbo uye anogovera mabasa kumaguta ose ari maviri akabatanidzwa nenzvimbo dzisina kubatanidzwa. Mamiriyanisi anobatanidza maguta, mataundi, misha, uye maturabhuta, rimwe nerimwe negadziriro yaro yehurumende.

Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinosikwa uye dzinozviisa pasi pehurumende dzehurumende, hadzigoni kupfuudza mitemo inopokanidza mutemo wehurumende, uye zvikurukuru kutsamira pamitero yenzvimbo nemitero yebasa panzvimbo pezvisakiso zvikuru zvemitero. Uhwu ukama hwakaderera hunoreva kuti hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinogona kushandisa masimba iwayo bedzi adzinopiwa nebumbiro remitemo rehurumende kana kuti matare ehurumende.

Masangano Anokosha Anobhaisirwa Mabhazi

Vagari vazhinji havafungi kana kuti kunyange kuziva kuti mabasa mangani anogovera hurumende yavo yomunzvimbomo: dzidzo, mvura nokurapa kwetsvina, mapaka namaraibhurari, mabhazi nezvimwe zvimiro zvezvifambiso zvavose, kuunganidzwa kwamarara, uye mwoto namabasa okununura.

Mvura netsvina zvinomirira gadziriro dzehwaro dzinoshandiswa nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo. Nguva iri yose paunovhura pombi, kukwesha chimbudzi, kana kuti kugeza, uri kushandisa mabasa anopiwa nehurumende. Madhipatimendi emvura ehurumende anova nechokwadi chokuti mvura yokunwa inosangana nemipimo yekotsekano, inochengeta zviuru zvamakiromita zvepombi, uye inoshandisa zvivako zvokurapa izvo zvinochenesa mvura isati yadzokera kumhoteredzo.

Masangano Okuchengetedza Vanhu

Mapurisa anoongorora nzvimbo dzinochengetedzwa, anoita zvinhu zvakaipisisa, anoongorora mhosva, uye anoshanda kuti adzivise matsotsi.

Hurumende dzakawanda dzemo dzinotarisira kurapwa kwekurumidziro, dzinopa zvokufambisa zveamburenzi uye zvokurapa zvinoda mari yakawanda, kusanganisira vashandi vakarovedzwa, midziyo inonyanya kushandiswa, uye 24/7 inowanika. Hurumende dzemo dzinofanira kudzikamisa kudiwa kwemabasa okuchengetedza vanhu ose zvadzo nokusashandisa mari yakawanda uye kuisa zvinhu zvinokosha pakutanga.

Kufudza uye Nyika Zvinoshandisa Kufuridza

Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinoitawo mabasa anokosha okutungamirira, anokosha zvikurusa awo ari masimba pamusoro pegadziriro yokuvaka nokushandisa nyika. Mitemo yokugadzira inosarudza kuti marudzii ezvivako anogona kuvakwa munharaunda dzakasiana - siana, ichiparadzanisa nharaunda dzinogara vanhu kubva kunzvimbo dzamabasa okugadzira zvinhu uye maruwa ezvokutengeserana. Iyi mirau inotapura zvikuru mipimo yepfuma, nzanga, uye kunaka kwoupenyu.

Maparechi okuronga omunharaunda anohwirudzura zvikarakadzo zvokubudirira, kubudisa mvumo dzokuvaka, uye mabumbiro emitemo okushandisa. Anoshanda kudzikamisa kodzero dzavaridzi vezvinhu nevavakidzani venzanga, kudzora kukura uku achichengetedza vanhu vomunharaunda. Zvisarudzo zvinogona kumutsa nharo, kukwikwidza vagari vemo uye kumutsa mibvunzo pamusoro pedzimba dzinotengwa, kuwanda kwemotokari, uye kudzivirira mhoteredzo.

Mapaki Nenhandaro

Hurumende dzemo dzinogadzira uye kuchengetedza mapaki, nzvimbo dzokutambira, nhandare dzemitambo, uye mapurogiramu evaraidzo.

Maraibhurari anowanzoshandiswa nehurumende kana kuti maruwa chaiwo eraibhurari, anoita kuti vanhu vawane mabhuku, mari, makombiyuta, uye mapurogiramu edzidzo.

Kubudirira Kwezvemari Yomunzvimbomo

Kuti ribhadhare mabasa aya, maguta nenzvimbo zvinofanira kupfavisa mamiriro ezvinhu ezvemari akanaka nebhizimisi akanaka kukwezva ndokuchengeta mabhizimisi namabasa anoumba nzvimbo yemitero yakasimba.

Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinoedza kukwezva mabhizimisi nokuwedzera upfumi hwadzo kupfurikidza nenzira dzakadai sokugovera zvirongwa zvokusimudzirwa kwemari, kurudziro dzemitero neyamuro, uye gadziridzo dzemirayiridzo; kugovera gadziriro dzinodikanwa; uye kupinda mubatira pamwe namamwe masangano omunzvimbomo senzvimbo dzebhizimisi namasangano ebudiriro yomunzvimbomo. nhamburiko idzi dzinovavarira kuparira mabasa, kuwedzera mitero, uye kuvandudza mikana yemari yavagari vemo.

Kubhadharwa Nemari Nehurumende Yomunzvimbomo

Mitero yenzvimbo inomirira manyuko makuru emari nokuda kwehurumende dzakawanda dzomunzvimbomo, zvikoro zvemapurisa uye mamwe mabasa anokosha. Mitero yemitero inodzorwa nemari inoshandiswa nevashandi, mitero yezvitoro inomirira manyuko makuru emari inopirwa hurumende dzomunzvimbomo, madhipatimendi okupfura moto, uye mamwe mabasa anokosha. Mitero yebasa inoraira vagari vemo zvakananga nokuda kwemabasa akadai semvura, tsvina, uye kuunganidzwa kwetsvina.

Mitero iyi yeko yokutengesa inogona kutsigira mabasa evoruzhinji kana kuti kutsaurirwa kuzvinangwa zvakati zvakadai sevafambisi kana kuti kuchengeteka kwevanhu. Hurumende dzemo dzinofanira kusanodzikanisa kudikanwa kwadzo kwemari nemano avagari vemo okubhadhara nokukwikwidzana nehurumende dziri pedyo nemitero yakaderera.

Kushandira Pamwe Kwehurumende Nokubatana

Nepo hurumende dzehurumende, dzehurumende, uye dzomunzvimbomo dzine mitoro yakasiana, hadzishandi mukuparadzana. Kudzora kunobudirira kunoda batira pamwe huru nebatira pamwe pakati pemitezo yakasiana - siana yehurumende.

Vatengesi Nezvirongwa Zvokutsigira Mari

Magirati chishandiso chinokosha chinoshandiswa nehurumende yehurumende kuti ipe purogiramu yokutsigira zvirongwa zvehurumende nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo. Maererano neHofisi yeMarejimendi neDzidzi, mari dzinobhadharwa kuhurumende nehurumende dzemo dzawedzera kubva pa $91 mabhiriyoni emadhora mugore ra1980 (Z $46 000 000 000 000) mugore ra2013.

Mipiro yemari inouya nenzira dzakasiyana- siyana. Mipiro yemari inogovera mari nokuda kwamadonzo akati nezvinodikanwa zvine udzame pamusoro penzira iyo mari inofanira kushandiswa nayo. Mipiro inopa kuchinjika kukuru, inobvumira nyika kusarudza nzira yokushandisa nayo mari mukati menharaunda dzakafara dzepurogiramu.Formula inopa rupo rwemari yakavakirwa pamitengo yavanhu kana kuti mwero yourombo, nepo chipo chokukwikwidzana chichida nyika uye nzvimbo kushandisa uye kukwikwidzana nokuda kwemari yakaganhurirwa.

Misiano Yakafanira Nezvinodikanwa

Mitemo inofanirawo kupa mirayiro yakagadzwa nehurumende yehurumende. Kazhinji kazhinji iyi mirairo ine mitemo iyo hurumende dzisati dzichizowanzoita. Somuenzaniso, hurumende yehurumende ingada kuti nyika dzideredze kushatisa mhepo, kugovera mabasa nokuda kwavaremara, kana kuti kuraira kuti chokufambisa chavose chisvitse mipimo yakati yekotsekano.

Pane dzimwe nguva mari yehurumende inouya ine mipimo yakabatanidzwa nemirau yehurumende yakaiswa pahurumende neyomunzvimbomo.

Hurumende yehurumende inorambidzwa nomutemo kugadza murairo usina kutenderwa.

Mitoro Yakagoveranwa Munharaunda Huru

Nharaunda dzakawanda dzinokosha dzinobatanidza mitanho yose mitatu yehurumende ichishanda pamwe chete. Dzidzo inogovera muenzaniso mukuru weiyi hurumende inobatira pamwe ichishanda. Hurumende yehurumende inogadza nharidzano dzakafara uye inogovera mari nokuda kwavadzidzi vanoshaiwa, vadzidzi vane urema, uye mamwe mapurogiramu anonangidzirwa. Nyika dzinotanga mipimo yedzidzo, vadzidzisi vanotenderwa, uye dzinogovera mari yedzidzo yakawanda. Maruwa ezvikoro omunharaunda anotarisira zvikoro, anopinza vadzidzisi, uye anoita zvisarudzo zvezuva nezuva pamusoro pemirayiridzo.

Zvekufambisa zvinomirira imwe nzvimbo yebatira pamwe huru yehurumende. Hurumende yehurumende inochengeta gadziriro yemigwagwa mikuru iri pakati penyika uye inogovera mari nokuda kwezvirongwa zvikuru zvokufambisa.

Kubatana Kwoutano Hwevanhu Vose

Nhungamiro dzoutano dzavanhu dzinoda kuwiriraniswa pamwero yose yehurumende. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention dzinoita nzvero, kupararira kwehosha, uye dzinogovera nhungamiro kumadhipatimendi ezvoutano ehurumende neomunzvimbomo. Madhipatimendi ezvoutano anoshandisa gadziriro dzenhomba, anoongorora ngozi dzemhoteredzo, uye zvivako zvezvoutano zveko. Madhipatimendi outano enzvimbo dzinogara anoongorora resitorendi, anoita chiito kukuva nehosha, uye anopa mishonga yakananga kuvagari vemo.

Mukati memigariro yengozi youtano yavose, iyi batira pamwe yamapoka akasiana - siana inova inodenha zvikuru. Masangano eFederal anogovera zviwanikwa nounyanzvi, masangano ezvokuita anotsinhirana kwenharaunda, uye hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinoshandisa matanho okudzivirira ndokupa betsero kuvagari vemo vakatapurwa. Dambudziko reCOVID rakaratidzira zvose zviri zviviri ukoshi hwebatira pamwe yehurumende nedenho dzinomuka apo mwero yakasiana yehurumende inoronda miitiro inorwisana.

Kudzivirirwa Kwemhoteredzo

Kudzivirira mhoteredzo kunobatanidza batano dzakaoma kunzwisisa pakati pehurumende dzehurumende dzehurumende, dzehurumende, uye dzomunzvimbomo.Nhungamiro yeNzvimbo Yokudzivirira Mvura inoisa mhepo yenyika nemwero wemvura, asi hurumende dzinoshandisa mipimo iyi uye kazhinji kazhinji dzinoshandisa zvinodikanwa zvakadzikatidzika zvikuru. Hurumende dzemo dzinogombedzera mitemo yemhoteredzo, dzinoshandisa nzvimbo dzokurapisa mvura, uye dzinotarisira kuraswa kwetsvina yakasimba.

Kunyange zvazvo hurumende yehurumende ichironga kuderedza mamiriro okunze, hurumende nemaguta zviri kuwedzera kutungamirira mukuderedza kubudiswa kwegasi rinodziyisa, kusimudzira simba rinomutsidzirwa, uye kugadzirira kuwirira kwemamiriro okunze. Hurumende iyi noutungamiriri hwenzvimbo yazova inokosha kunyanya munguva apo muitiro wehurumende wokuchengetedza mamiriro okunze wave usinganyanyi kudenha.

Kutarisira Kwekurumidziro

Kugadzirisa njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga nedzimwewo njodzi kunoda kuti pave nesangano rehurumende rinoita kuti vanhu vemo vatange kupindura zvinhu zvinoda kukurumidzira. Hurumende dzinoronga zvishandiso zvenharaunda uye dzinoita kuti nzvimbo dzinotarisirwa njodzi dzishande. Hurumende yehurumende inoita kuti njodzi huru dzipfuure nyika uye nzvimbo dzinogara.

Iyi gadziriro yakarongwa inoita kuti zvisaoma kudzora njodzi. Zviitiko zviduku zvinenge zvichitarisirwa chose chose munzvimbo yomunzvimbomo, nepo ngwavaira dzine ngwavaira dzichitanga mwero yakakwirira inofambira mberi yokubatanidzwa kwehurumende. Mitsetse yakajeka yechiremera uye kushanda kwegadziriro dzekushanda kwegadziriro dzinosanogadzirirwa zvinovimbisa zviito zvinobudirira kunyange mumigariro yakanyongana.

Nhamo Nerwisano Mumagariro

Nepo batira pamwe yehurumende ichikosha, gadziriro yehurumende inoparirawo kusawirirana nerwisano pakati pemwero yakasiana - siana yehurumende.

Gakava reFederal

Vakuru vakuru vehurumende vanofanira kushanda mukupesana navose vari vaviri vatungamiriri vehurumende novomunzvimbomo. Mutemo wehurumende haugoni kupokanidza mutemo womubatanidzwa, naizvozvo vakuru vakuru vehurumende vanofanira kuva nechokwadi chokurarama mukuwirirana neBumbiro reMitemo reUS nomutumbi wemitemo zvinopfuudzwa neUnited Congress.

Dzimwe nguva nyika dzinoramba mitemo yehurumende yadzinoona seyakanyanyoita zvokuedza kana kuti isingawirirani nezvinokosha zvehurumende.

Kukakavadzana Kwenyika

Pamusoro peguta, ruwa, uye hurumende dzetaundi, mutemo wehurumende unotsiva mitemo yomunzvimbomo nemirau. Ikoku kunoreva kuti vakuru vakuru vehurumende vane mutoro wokuvimbisa kuti hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinowirirana nebumbiro remitemo rehurumende uye mutumbi wemitemo unopiwa nemitemo yehurumende. Ukama uhwu hwehurumende hunogona kuparira rwisano apo hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinoda kugamuchira mitemo inosiana nezvinodikanwa zvehurumende.

Mumakore achangobva kupfuura aya, migariro mizhinji yakagamuchira mitemo "kuparadza" inorambidza hurumende dzomunzvimbomo kudzora nharaunda dzakati. Iyi mitemo yakakurukura nhau dzakadai somuripo muduku unobhadharwa, zororo rokurwara, zvinyorwa zvepurasitiki, uye mirau yepfuti. Vatsigiri vanotaura kuti kubvisa kunodzivisa basa rakarerekera remiraudzo yomunzvimbomo inorwisana, nepo vatsoropodzi vachitaura kuti kunosekesa hurumende inosarudzwa navanhu yomunzvimbomo uye kunodzivisa nzanga kukurukura itiro dzomunharaunda.

Kuchinja Kusina Kurongwa

Hurumende yehurumende inogonawo kupa murairo usina kutenderwa ungaisa mirau pazvigaro pasina vimbiso yemadhora ehurumende. Child Child Lend Behind Act muenzaniso wazvino uno wehurumende ichiedza kutsigira mapurogiramu ehurumende nemari yehurumende. Nyika dzisina kutenderwa kukwidza mitero, zvimwe kucheka mamwe mapurogiramu, kana kuti kushandisa zvisina kukwana zvinodikanwa zvomubatanidzwa.

Kusawirirana kwakafanana kunomuka pakati pehurumende nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo.

Nei Kunzwisisa Kurongwa Kwehurumende Kuchikosha?

Kunzwisisa kuti hurumende dzeko dzinoshanda sei uye kuti dzinoshanda sei kuti unyatsokwanisa kuva mugari wemo.

Kuziva Kwatingaitira Hanya Nomwoyo Wose

Mitengo yakasiana- siyana yehurumende inobata nhau dzakasiyana- siyana, naizvozvo kuziva hurumende ipi yokuonana nayo pamusoro peitiro hanya yakati inokosha. Kana uchinetseka pamusoro pezvikomba mumugwagwa wako, onana neguta rako kana kuti hurumende yenyika. Kana uchiitira hanya mipimo yedzidzo, nyorerana nedare rako rehurumende kana kuti boka redzidzo. Kana uchida kupesvedzera muitiro wokutama, nyorera vamiririri vako vehurumende.

Kunangidzira itiro hanya dzako kumwero wakafanira wehurumende kunowedzera bviro yokuwana mhinduro nemiuyo.

Kutora Rutivi

Sarudzo dzehurumende nedzemunzvimbomo dzinowanzogamuchira ngwariro shomanene kupfuura sarudzo dzehurumende, bva kazhinji kazhinji dzine tapuro yakananga zvikuru paupenyu hwezuva nezuva.Gavhuna, vaiti vemitemo vehurumende, meya, mitezo yedare reguta, uye mitezo yedare rechikoro inoita zvisarudzo pamusoro pedzidzo, chengeteko yavose, zvokufambisa, uye dzimwe nhau zhinji dzinokutapura zvakananga.

Voter muhurumende uye sarudzo dzomunzvimbomo zvakaderera zvikuru kupfuura sarudzo yapurezidhendi. Ikoku kunoreva kuti vhoti yako ine ukoshi hukuru muaya makwikwi. Kupfurikidza nokutora rutivi muvhoti dzehurumende nedzemunzvimbomo, une banza guru rokupesvedzera miitiro uye kuita kuti vakuru vakuru vazvidavirire.

Kuita Zvinhu Nehurumende

Dare rehurumende rinopa mikana yakawanda yokuita chisarudzo kupfuura kuvhota.

Misangano yehurumende inoitwa nedare remuguta, misangano yedare rechikoro, uye kuronga nyaya dzedare zvinopa mikana yokuti vagari vataure zvakananga kuvakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa uye vasarudze zvavanoda.

Kunzwisisa Kodzero Dzako Nemabasa

Mitengo yakasiyana - siyana yehurumende inodzivirira kodzero dzakasiyana - siyana uye inoisa misengwa yakasiyana.Bumbiro reMitemo reUnited States nemitemo yehurumende zvinotanga kodzero dzinokosha dzinoshanda munyika yose.Mitemo yehurumende nemitemo ingapa dzimwe dziviriro.

Kunzwisisa iyi gadziriro yakarongwa nemigove mizhinji kunokubetsera kuziva kodzero dzako pakubata navakuru vakuru vehurumende. Kunokubetserawo kunzwisisa misengwa yako yapamutemo, kubva pakubhadhara mitero yemari yehurumende kusvikira kukutevera mirau yomunzvimbomo yokuwirirana nezvinodikanwa zvehurumende zvokunyoresa motokari.

Kushanduka Kwechibvumirano

Kunzwisisa dzidziso iyi yemhindumupindu kunobatsira kuti pave negakava riripo iye zvino pamusoro pekudzikamiswa kwakakodzera kwesimba pakati pehurumende dzakasiyana - siyana.

Kubatana Kwemasangano Maviri

Kwerizhinjisa rezana ramakore rechi 19, hurumende yeAmerica yaishanda mu “mutemo wehurumende yehurumende" umo hurumende dzehurumende nedzehurumende dzakanga dzine nzvimbo dzakaparadzana zvakajeka dzechiremera nedzakatarisana. Hurumende yehurumende yakanangidzira ngwariro panhau dzokumwe, kutengeserana kwenyika, uye dziviriro yorudzi, nepo hurumende dzaibata murairo wehurumende wakawanda zvikurusa. Iyi gadziriro yakaratidzira murangariro wakaganhurirwa wesimba rehurumende uye musengwa wakasimba kuuchangamire hwenyika.

Kushandira Pamwe Kwehurumende

Zvirongwa zveGreat Depression and New Deal zvema1930 zvakatanga nhambo ye "cooperativeism" yakaratidzirwa nokubatanidzwa kwakawedzerwa kwehurumende munharaunda dzaichimbova dzinodzorwa nenyika. Federal inopa mari yakawedzera zvinoshamisa, ichitanga wirirano pakati pehurumende dzehurumende nehurumende munharaunda dzakadai segarikano yenzanga, kugadzirwa kwemigwagwa mikuru, uye dzidzo. Uyu muenzaniso wakaziva kuti zvinetso zvakawanda zvaida pfuma nokuwiriraniswa kunopfuura izvo nyika imwe neimwe ingagovera.

Ganhuriro Yokuumba Nechibvumirano Chitsva

Ma 1960 akaona "kutangwa kwesangano rehurumende" neukama hwehurumende dzemo nesangano renzanga zvakananga, kupfuudza nyika mune zvimwe zvinoitika. Ikoku kwakateverwa ne "constitution" muma 1970 na 1980, iyo yakatsvaka kudzorera simba kuhurumende kupfurikidza nemipiro inodzorwa uye murairo wehurumende wakaderedzwa. Izvi zviono zvinokwikwidzana zvakaratidzira kurukurirano dzinopfuurira pamusoro pebasa rehurumende yehurumende yehurumende yehurumende mumiitiro yepamba.

Mubatanidzwa Wemagariro Avanhu wapanguva Ino

Chibvumirano chehurumende chapanguva ino chinoratidzirwa nemitoro yakaoma, inowirirana pakati pemwero yose yehurumende. Pesvedzero yeFederal yakawedzera kupfurikidza nezvinodikanwa zvezvipo nezvinodikanwa zvinotsamira pamigariro, bva hurumende dzinochengeta utongi hunokosha munharaunda dzakawanda. Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzazova dzinoshingaira nenzira inowedzera mukupedza nhau dzakadai sechinjo yomugariro wokunze nokupinda munyika, pane dzimwe nguva dzichizadza mikaha yakasiyiwa nehurumende kana kuti kusaita chiito.

Kukakavadzana pamusoro pehurumende kunoramba kuri chinhu chikuru kuAmerica, kuchiratidza mibvunzo inokosha pamusoro pehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, kushanda zvakanaka, uye mwero wakafanira wesimba rehurumende.

Zvinetso Zvinotarisana Nehurumende Dzine Vakawanda

Hurumende yeAmerica inosangana nematambudziko akawanda anobatsira vanhu kuti vasanyanya kushandira hurumende.

Kuwirirana Nokukurukurirana

Kubatanidza mitemo nezvirongwa mumitengo mizhinji yehurumende kunoda kurukurirano huru nebatira pamwe.Mashoko anofanira kufamba zvakanaka pakati pamasangano ehurumende, madhipatimendi ehurumende, uye mahofisi omunzvimbomo.

Zvinetso Zvemari

Mitengo yose yehurumende inotarisana nedzvinyiriro dzemari dzinotapura mano ayo okugovera mabasa. Kuperevedza kwemari dzemari dzemari dzinogoverwa nezvipo kunyika nenharaunda. Hurumende dzinofanira kudzikamisa mabhajeti adzo nepo dzichisvitsa zvinodikanwa zvinokura zvedzidzo, zvoutano, uye zvepfuma. Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinorwisana neganhuriro dzemitero yezvinhu uye yamuro yehurumende nehurumende inoderera.

Iyi denho inomanikidzira zvisarudzo zvakaoma pamusoro pezvipi zvokugovera uye pamweroi. Zvinoitawo zvikarakadzo zvokuderedza ndyiko, umo mwero mumwe wehurumende unoedza kuendesa ndyiko kumwero.

Kusaenzana Kunopfuura Kupomerwa

Kushanda kwemasangano anobvumira mhatsa mumiitiro nemibato, asi kunoparirawo kusaenzana. Nyika nenharaunda dzine mari zvinogona kupa mabasa ari nani kupfuura ane urombo. Acception kudzidzo yakanaka, tarisiro youtano, uye mamwe mabasa zvinosiyana zvikuru zvichitsamira paunogara. Uku kusaenzana kwenzvimbo kunomutsa mibvunzo pamusoro peruramisiro nemukana wakaenzana.

Kuzvidavirira Nokuona Zvinhu Zvakajeka

Kuoma kwekudzora kwemitengo mizhinji kunogona kuita kuti zviome kuti vagari vemo vazvidavirire kuzvidavirira. Apo mwero yakawanda yehurumende inogoverana mutoro wepurogiramu, kusarudza kuti ndiani ane mutoro wezvinetso anova anodenha. Uku kuparadzirwa kwomutoro kunogona kubvumira vakuru vakuru kudzivisa kuzvidavirira kupfurikidza nokupomera mimwe mwero yehurumende mhaka.

Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinovaka chivimbo munzanga dzadzo kupfurikidza nokushanda nenzira yakajeka sezvinobvira. Kuona chitarisiko kunokosha pamwero yose yehurumende, asi kukuwana kunoda kuzvipira kuzarura misangano, marekodhi anosvika, uye kurukurirano yakajeka pamusoro pemibato yehurumende nezvisarudzo.

Kutarira Mberi: Nguva Yemberi YechiFrederalism

Zvimiro zvakasiana - siana zvinowanzoumba ukama hwenguva yemberi pakati pehurumende dzehurumende, hurumende, uye dzomunzvimbomo.

Ruzivo Rwokugadzira Zvinhu Nokuzvivandudza

Ruzivo rwemazuva ano ruri kuchinja mashandisiro anoita hurumende uye mashandiro anoita zvinhu. Mazinesi anobvumira vanhu kuti vaende kuhofisi dzehurumende paIndaneti, kuderedza kudiwa kwokushanyirana kwehurumende. Kushanda pamwero wakasiyana - siyana wehurumende kunogona kuvandudza uye kuderedza kubatana kwemakombiyuta. Asi ruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu runowedzerawo kunetseka pamusoro pezvakavanzika, urongwa hwemakombiyuta, uye kukamukana kwemakombiyuta pakati pevaya vane Internet uye vasingawani neInternet.

Kuchinja Kwemamiriro Okunze Nezvinetso Zvezvakatipoteredza

Kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze kunopa zvinetso zvokuti kunofanira kubatana uye kunofanira kuitwa pamwero yose yehurumende. Maguta omumhenderekedzo dzegungwa anofanira kugadzirira kukwira kwemwero wegungwa, nyika dzokumadokero dzinofanira kudzora kushayikwa kwemvura, uye nzanga dzose dzinofanira kuderedza kubudiswa kwegasi rinopisa.Idzi denho dzichada zvimiro zvitsva zvebatira pamwe yehurumende uye dzingaderedza dzikamo yesimba pakati pemwero yakasiana - siana yehurumende.

Kuchinja Kweupenyu

Kuchinja kwenhamba dzevagari vemo veAmerica kuchatapura hurumende pamwero yose. Chiverengero chavagari vemo chakwegura chichawedzera kudikanwa kwezvoutano namabasa enzanga. Kukura kuchada hurumende kubatira vagari vemo vane mitauro yakasiana, tsika, uye zvinodikanwa. Kutama kuchachinja simba rezvamatongerwe enyika pakati penyika nenharaunda, kuchitapura kumirira muCongress neElectoral College.

Kuchinja Kwezvemari

Chinjo dzemari kubatanidza kurongeka kwemari, upfumi hwemari, uye kudyidzana kwenyika dzepasi pose zvichadenha gadziriro dzehurumende dzegamuchidzanwa nemitemo. Hurumende dzichada kuchinja gadziriro dzemitero dzakagadzirirwa nokuda kwebasa regamuchidzanwa nezvimiro zvitsva zvebasa. Dzichada kugovera dzidzo nerovedzo nokuda kwavashandi vanobviswa nokuchinja kweruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu. Kusaenzana kwezvemari kungada mitoo mitsva yemabasa enzanga nokubudirira kwezvemari.

Mazano Anoshanda Pakubatana Nehurumende

Hedzino nzira dzinoshanda dzokushanda nehurumende, hurumende, uye hurumende.

Ziva Vamiririri Vako

Ziva kuti ndiani ari kumiririra iwe muCongress, mutungamiriri wehurumende yako, uye hurumende yako. Dzidza kuti vangataura sei navo uye kuti inhau dzipi dzavanotanga kuisa pakutanga.

Pinda Misangano Yavose

Misangano yehurumende inoita kuti vanhu vakwanise kuona kuti hurumende iri kushanda uye kuti inzwi rako rinzwiwe.

Shandisa Mashandisiro Ehurumende

Zvingasanganisira maraibhurari ehurumende, mapaki nemapurogiramu evaraidzo, kubatsira kwemabhizimisi maduku, mapurogiramu okurovedza basa, kana kuti mabasa okutarisira utano.

Ramba Uchiziva

Mapepanhau emunyika iyoyo uye mawebsite enhau anofukidza hurumende nehurumende, asi manyuko enyika anonyanya kutaura nezvenyaya dzehurumende.Mawebsite ehurumende anopa mashoko pamusoro pemitemo, mapurogiramu, uye zvisarudzo.

Mutsigiri Wenhau Dzaunoda Kukurukura

Taura nevakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa nezvenyaya dzine chokuita newe.Iva nemhosva dzinotevedzerwa nemitemo yakarongwa.Ivawo nemasangano evafundisi anoshanda panhau dzaunotsigira. Kuunganidza vanhu kunowanzoratidza kuti kunoshanda kupfuura kushandira pamwe.

Ronga Muzvisarudzo Zvose

Yeuka kuti kusarudza kwehurumende uye kwenharaunda kazhinji kazhinji kune tapuro yakananga zvikuru paupenyu hwako hwezuva nezuva kupfuura sarudzo dzehurumende, kunyange zvazvo vachiwana ngwariro shomanene yezvinobudisa nhau.

mhedziso

Hurumende dzose dzinoita mabasa anokosha muupenyu hweAmerica. Hurumende yehurumende yehurumende inotonga nhau dzorudzi dzakadai sedziviriro, kutama, uye kutengeserana kwenyika nepo ichigovera dziviriro dzinokosha nokuda kwekotsekano yevatengi, kodzero dzavagari vemo, uye chengeteko yemari. Hurumende dzinotarisira dzidzo, tarisiro dzoutano, gadziriro dzezvokufambisa, uye ruramisiro youtsotsi dzichigadziridza mitemo kuvagari vemo vadzo vakasiana. Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinopa mabasa anokosha ezuva nezuva kubatanidza chengeteko yavose, mvura netsvina, mapaki nevaraidzo, uye murairo wepasi.

Iyi mwero yakasiana- siyana yehurumende haishandi zvakazvimirira asi inoshanda pamwe chete kupfurikidza nezvipo, purogiramu dzinogoveranwa, uye mirau inotsinhiraniswa. Iyi batira pamwe inogonesa mhinduro dzinobudirira kuzvinetso zvakaoma izvo zvinopfuura miganhu yehurumende. Panguva imwe cheteyo, gadziriro yomubatanidzwa inoparira kusawirirana nerwisano dzinoratidzira kurukurirano dzinopfuurira pamusoro pedzikamo yakafanira yesimba pakati pemwero yakasiana- siyana yehurumende.

Kunzwisisa kuti hurumende inoshanda sei kunoita kuti ukwanise kuva mugari wemo anobudirira, zvinokubatsira kuziva kwokutungamirira zvinhu zvinokunetsa, kuti ungawana sei mabasa, uye kuti ungatora rutivi sei mugadziriro yehurumende inosarudzwa nevanhu.

Gadziriro yehurumende yeAmerica yakaoma, inoita basa, uye inoramba ichichinja. Nokunzwisisa magadzirirwe ayo namabasa, unogona kutungamirira zviri nani mabasa ehurumende, kutora rutivi muupenyu hwevagari vemo, uye kubetsera kugadziriro inopfuurira yokuzvitonga kwehurumende yehurumende yegutsaruzhinji. Ungave uchiitira hanya pamusoro pechengeteko yenyika, kunaka kwedzidzo, kana kuti michero mumugwagwa wako, kuziva kuti mweroi wehurumende yokupinda nayo uye kuti unganzwa sei ndiwo unokosha nokuda kwougari hwemo unobudirira.

Nokuda kwamashoko akawanda pamusoro penzira iyo hurumende inoshanda nayo, shanyira USA.gov, web yehurumende yehurumende yeUnited States, kana kuti mawebsite ehurumende yako nemongi. Zviwiro izvi zvinogovera mashoko ane udzame pamusoro pemibato yehurumende, vakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa, uye mabanza ehurumende. Unogonawo kunzvera pfuma kubva kumasangano akafanana ne National Conference of State Legislatures uye Chinzwano chomunyika yeMaguta. kufunda zvakawanda pamusoro pehurumende yomunzvimbomo.