Table of Contents
Kunzwisisa kuti hurumende inoshanda sei kunokosha nokuda kwomugari wose anoda kutora rutivi nenzira ine revo muhurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Bva miitiro yehurumende, mashoko, uye zvivako zvinogona kuratidzika kuva zvinovhiringidza kana kuti zvinokatyamadza. Mutauro wakajeka – uri mumashoko akajeka uye ari nyore kunzwisisa – kunokosha kubetsera ruzhinji kunzwisisa misengwa yavo nebetsero. Iyi nhungamiro ine revo inoputsa mifungo yehurumende mumutauro wakapfava, unosvikika kukubetsera kunzwisisa zviri nani tsika inokubatira ndokudzidza nzira yaunogona kubatanidzwa nayo nayo nenzira inobudirira.
Nei Mutauro Wakapfava Uchikosha Mukurukurirano yeHurumende
Kana masangano ehurumende achikurukura zvakajeka, anoparira miuyo iri nani nokuda kwomunhu ari wose anobatanidzwa.
Chiratidzo chePlain Thriting Act cha2010 chakaratidza kuti zviri mukati zvinonyorerwa vanhu. Mutemo wehurumende unobvuma kuti kukurukurirana zvakajeka hausi muitiro wakanakira chete, asi ikodzero inokosha yevagari vomunyika vanoda kunzwisisa hurumende yavo. Kana hurumende ichitaurirana zvakajeka, inovandudza kujeka, inovakira chivimbo, uye inowedzera kuvimbisana.
Kubatsira Chaiko Kwenyika Yokukurukurirana Zvakajeka
Betsero dzomutauro wakajeka dzinopfuura kure nokureruka. Mutauro wakajeka unochengetedzawo nguva nepfuma. Kukurukurirana kwakaiswa pachena kunoparira zvikanganiso, kuvhiringidzika, uye kutevera mibvunzo, kudyira hurumende uye vanhu vamwe navamwe nguva nemari. Apo vagari vemo vanogona kunzwisisa magwaro ehurumende apo vanoarava pakutanga, vanogona kuita zvisarudzo zvezivo pamusoro poutano, mitero, kuvhota, nhau dzemitemo, uye kusvika mabasa pasina kunonotsa kusina kufanira kana kuti zvikanganiso.
Mutauro wakajeka unoisawo mikaha pakati pemashoko pakati pavanhu vangarava pamwero yakasiana - siana, kuronga mashoko pamwero wakasiana, kana kuti kuva nounyanzvi hwakasiana. Uku kunobatanidza kuvimbisa kuti mashoko ehurumende anowanika kuvagari vose, pasinei zvapo nedzidzo yavo kana kuti kurovedzana nemiitiro yehurumende.
Kunzwisisa Zvinodiwa Nehurumende
Hurumende ndiyo nzira inoshandiswa nenyika kuronga uye kuita zvisarudzo zveboka. Hurumende inogadzira mitemo yatinorarama nayo, inogovera mabasa anokosha, inodzivirira kodzero dzevagari vemo nekotsekano, uye inotarisira zvinhu zvinogoveranwa. Pasina hurumende, paisazova nenzira yakarongwa yokuvaka migwagwa, kuchengeta chengeteko yavose, kudzidzisa vana, kana kuti kupedza gakava pakati pavagari vemo.
Kunzwisisa mwero iyi kunobetsera vagari vemo kuziva iboka rehurumende rokukurukura nokuda kwenhau dzakati uye kuti mwero yakasiana inoshanda sei pamwe chete kubatira nzanga.
Hurumende Yomunzvimbomo
Hurumende yomunzvimbomo inoshanda paguta, taundi, kana kuti nzvimbo uye inotapurira nhau dzinotapura zvakananga nzanga yako. Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinotarisira mabasa akadai semadhipatimendi emapurisa nedzinodzima moto, mapaka omunzvimbomo nevaraidzo, kuvaka nokuvaka, migwagwa yomunzvimbomo nokugadzira migwagwa, mvura netsvina, uye zvikoro zvomunzvimbomo. Kana une hanya pamusoro pezviwi, unoda mvumo yechivako, kana kuti kuda kutsigira paki itsva munharaunda yako, hurumende yomunzvimbomo ndiyo nzvimbo yako yokutanga yokuonana.
Hurumende yeHurumende
Hurumende dzinoshanda pamwero wenyika uye dzinobata nhau dzinotapura vagari vose vari mukati memiganhu yenyika. Hurumende dzine chiremera panharaunda kubatanidza migwagwa mikuru yehurumende negadziriro dzezvifambiso, mipimo yedzidzo yavose nemari, kuisa dzidzo yehurumende, mitemo youtsotsi yehurumende neruramiso, zvirongwa zvokutarisira utano, uye mirau yemhoteredzo. Hurumende dzinotarisirawo sarudzo uye dzinosarudza maitiro okuvhota mukati mehurumende dzadzo.
Hurumende Yenyika
Hurumende yehurumende inoshanda pamwero worudzi uye inobata nhau dzinotapura nyika yose kana kuti dzinobatanidza ukama namamwe marudzi. Mumubatanidzwa wehurumende wesimba, hurumende inogoverana uchangamire neimwe neimwe yehurumende 50 mundima dzayo dzakatsaukana. Mitoro yeFederal inobatanidza dziviriro yorudzi nehondo, muitiro wokumwe uye ukama hwamarudzi ose, kutengeserana kwenyika dzokumwe, kubuda kwavanhu navagari vemo, mitero yehurumende uye bhajeti yemari yehurumende, Social Security neMedicare, uye dziviriro yamaruramiro avagari vemo.
Mapazi Matatu eHurumende: Kuparadzana Kwevane Simba
Hurumende yeUnited States yakaumbwa namapazu matatu akasiyana: mitemo, mutungamiriri, uye mutongi. Masimba amapazu matatu aya anorondedzerwa nokupiwa neBumbiro reMitemo reUnited States, iro rave richipfuurira kushanda chifo chaMarch 4, 1789. Iri chivako, chinozivikanwa separadzanisa masimba, chakagadzirwa navavambi vorudzi rwacho kudzivisa munhu upi noupi kana kuti boka kuva noudzori hukuru zvikuru.
Chinangwa chokuparadzana kwemasimba ndechokutsigira hurumende inosarudzwa nevanhu nokudzivisa kuti pave nesimba rakawanda pabazi rimwe chete rehurumende. Bazu rimwe nerimwe rine mabasa akasiyana, asi rinofanira kushanda pamwe chete kuti ribate zvakanaka. Gadziriro inoparira dzikamo inodzivirira kodzero nerusununguko zvevagari vemo asi richibvumira hurumende kushanda.
Bazu Romutemo: Kuita Mitemo
Pakati pemamwe masimba, bazi remitemo rinoita mitemo yose, rinozivisa hondo, rinodzora kutengeserana kwepakati penyika neyokumwe uye rinodzora kubhadharwa nokushandiswa kwemiitiro.
[[[FRA:0] Dare [
Dare rinoumbwa navatenzi vaviri pahurumende imwe. Kune vatenzi vane zana muDare. Masangano anobatira mashoko amakore matanhatu uye anomirira fariro dzehurumende yavo yose. Dare rine masimba aro akagoverwa naBhishopo. Iwaya anobatanidza masimba okusimbisa kugadzwa kwapurezidhendi kunzvimbo dzehurumende, zvibvumirano zveraifize, uye kuedza nhau dzokusawirirana dzinopiwa nayo neImba.
[[[FUTO:0] Imba yavamiriri[
Imba yavamiriri ine mitezo 435, nenhamba yavamiriri vehurumende imwe neimwe yakavakirwa pachiverengero chayo chavagari vemo. Vamiriri vanobatira mashoko amakore maviri uye vanomirira maruwa chaiwo mukati menyika dzavo. Imba ine masimba akasiyana kubatanidza chiremera chokutanga zvikwereti zvemari uye kuvakuru vakuru vehurumende.
Kuti mutemo uve mutemo, zvose zviri zviviri Imba neDare zvinofanira kuupfuudza muchimiro chakafanana, uye ipapo zvinoenda kupurezidhendi nokuda kwetendero. uyu muitiro unovimbisa kuti mitemo inokarakadzwa inopiwa rangariro yakakwana uye kurukurirano mumifungo yakawanda.
Bazu Rine Chiremera: Kupeta Mitemo
Bazu guru rinoumbwa muChikamu II cheUnited States Constitution, iyo inoisa simba ravakuru vakuru mupurezidhendi weUnited States. Purezidhendi wacho ari ose ari maviri mukuru wehurumende (kuita mabasa emitambo) uye musoro wehurumende (mukuru mukuru). Bazu guru rine mutoro wokushandisa nokushandisa mitemo iyo Congress inopfuura.
Purezidhendi ndiye mukuru wehurumende, mutungamiriri webazi guru, uye mutungamiriri wemauto eUnited States ane zvombo.Mitoro yapurezidhendi inosanganisira kusaina kana kuti kuisa mutemo, kugadza vatongi vehurumende nenhengo dzedare, kutungamirira mutemo wokumwe, kurayira mauto, uye kuvimbisa kuti mitemo yehurumende inotoitwa zvakavimbika.
Mutevedzeri wapurezidhendi anotsigira purezidhendi. Kana purezidhendi asingakwanisi kubatira, mutevedzeri wapurezidhendi anova purezidhendi. Bazu guru rinobatanidzawo Kabhineti, iyo ine vakuru vemadhipatimendi 15 makuru akadai seDhipatimendi reDefense, Department of Education, uye Department of Health and Human Services. Madhipatimendi aya anobata mabasa ezuva nezuva ehurumende yehurumende.
Uyezve, bazi guru rinosanganisira masangano akawanda ehurumende akadai seEvironmental Protection Agency (EPA), Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), uye Social Security Administration.
Bazu Rokutonga: Kududzira Mitemo
Bazu rinotonga rine mutoro wokududzira revo yemitemo, kushandisa mitemo kunhau, uye kusarudza kana mitemo ichiputsa Bumbiro Remitemo. Bazu rinotonga rinovimbisa kuti mitemo inoshandiswa zvakanaka uye nguva dzose, uye rinoshanda senzvero pamamwe mapazu kupfurikidza nokusarudza kana zviito zvawo zviri pamutemo.
Dare Repamusorosoro idare repamusorosoro munyika uye rine vatongi vapfumbamwe vanogadzwa kuti vararame.
Kune marudzi matatu ematare mudare redare rehurumende: matare eruwa, matare enhu, uye Dare reMaruwa. matare eruwa matare enhau apo nhau dzomubatanidzwa dzinovamba. matare eruwa, anonziwo Dare reZvikwiriro, anohwirudzura zvisarudzo zvakabva kumatare oruwa. Dare Rapamusorosoro rinohwirudzura nhau dzakasarudzwa mumatare edunhu uye rine kutaura kwokupedzisira pamusoro penhau dzomutemo womubatanidzwa nedudziro yebumbiro remitemo.
Macheki Nedzikamo: Nzira Iyo Bazu Rinoshanda Nayo Pamwe Chete
Bumbiro reMitemo rakapa masimba chaiwo kubazu rimwe nerimwe ndokugadza chimwe chinhu chinonzi chekero nedzikamo. Kufanana nokurira kwemashoko, pfundo recheki nedzikamo rakanga riri rokuva nechokwadi chokuti hakuna bazi rimwe raizokwanisa kudzora simba rakanyanyowanda, uye rakaparira kuparadzana kwamasimba. Iyi gadziriro inovimbisa kuti bazu rimwe nerimwe rinogona kuganhurira masimba amapazu mamwe, kuchiparira dzikano inodzivirira pakushandiswa zvisina kufanira kwesimba.
Kuongorora Nokudzikama Kunoita Basa
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Bazu remitemo rine simba rokutendera kunyoreswa kwaPurezidhendi, kudzora bhajeti, uye rinogona kuudza Purezidhendi ndokumubvisa pahofisi. Congress inogonawo kukurira muvhoti yapurezidhendi ne 3 000 mudzimba dzose dziri mbiri, uye Dare rinofanira kusimbisa kugadzwa kwapurezidhendi kuKhabinet, matare ehurumende, uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzinokosha.
[[[Njeresa:0] Kunzvera Kwakarurama Pasimba Romutemo
Bazu remitemo rinogadza mitemo, asi Purezidhendi mubazu guru anogona kupinza mitemo iyoyo nePurezidhendi Veto. purezidhendi anogonawo kudana marusando chaiwo eCongress uye ane simba rokupa kukanganwira mhaka dzomubatanidzwa. kupfurikidza nemirayiro yavakuru vakuru nokuchengetwa kwemitemo, purezidhendi anopesvedzera kuti mutemo uitwe sei.
[[[Njeresa:0]
Bazu remitemo rinogadza mitemo, asi bazu rokutonga rinogona kuzivisa mitemo iyoyo isiri yehurumende. Nenzira yakafanana, matare anogona kuhwirudzura zviito zvavakuru vakuru ndokuzvizivisa zvisizvo. Iri simba rokuhwirudzura dare, rakasimbiswa munhau yenhau yakatanhamara Marbury v. Madison (1803), rinopa matare chiremera chokuputsa mitemo kana kuti zviito zvinoputsa Bumbiro remitemo.
[[[ITSOURO]
Bazu rinotonga rinotsanangura mitemo, asi Purezidhendi anotonga vatongi veDare reDare Gurusa, dare ravatongi vezvikumbiro, uye vatongi vedare roruwa vanoita nzvero. Mukuwedzera, Congress inogona kushora ndokubvisa vatongi vomubatanidzwa, uye ine simba rokuita matare matsva ndokusarudza simba rawo. Dare rinogonawo kukarakadza kugadziridzwa kwemitemo kuti kushandurwe zvisarudzo zveDare Gurusa.
Masangano Ehurumende Anokosha: Icho Hurumende Inogovera
Kunzwisisa mabasa aya kunobatsira kuti uzive zvaunofanira kutarisira kuhurumende uye kuti ungawana sei zvinhu zvaunogona kuwana.
Dzidzo
Dzidzo yavose ndirimwe ramabasa anokosha zvikurusa ehurumende. Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo nehurumende dzinoshandira pamwe kuti dzigovere dzidzo yavose yapachena kubva kukireshi kusvikira kugiredhi rechi 12. Ikoku kunobatanidza kutsigira mari yezvikoro, mipimo yedzidzo, kurovha vadzidzisi, kugovera zvifambiso, uye kupa mabasa edzidzo chaiyo. Hurumende yehurumende inotsigirawo dzidzo kupfurikidza namapurogiramu emari, zvikwereti zvavadzidzi, uye kuchengetwa kwamaruramiro avagari vemo muzvikoro.
Mayunivhesiti ehurumende nekoreji dzenzanga, dzinopa mazano edzidzo yepamusoro - soro, kusanganisira Purogiramu dzemari, kusanganisira Pell Grants uye zvikwereti zvevadzidzi, dzinobatsira kuti vadzidzi vanobva mumamiriro ose ezvemari vakwanise kuwana dzidzo yepamusoro.
Kurapwa
Hurumende inoita basa rinokosha muzvoutano kupfurikidza nepurogiramu dzakasiana--- siyana nemirau. Medicare inogovera inishuwarenzi youtano nokuda kwavanhu 65 navakuru navanhu vaduku vakati vane urema. Medicaid, chirongwa chakabatana chehurumende, chinogovera kutarisirwa kwoutano kuvanhu vanotambira mari shoma nemhuri. Chirongwa cheVana cheHealth Inshorence (CHIP) chinofukidza vana vari mumhuri dzinowana mari yakawanda zvikuru zvokusakwanisa kukwanisa kusvitsa nokuda kwaMedicaid asi dzisingagoni kutenga inishuwarenzi yadzo dzomunhu oga.
Hurumende inodzorawo zvokudya nekotsekano yemirimo kupfurikidza neFood and Drug Administration (FDA), nzira uye kuita chimwe chinhu kuhosha dzinoitika kupfurikidza neCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), uye nzvero yezvemari yezvokurapa kupfurikidza neNational Institutes of Health (NIH). Hurumende nedhipatimendi routano romunzvimbomo zvinogovera mabasa akadai sokudzivirira, kunzverwa kwoutano, uye zvirongwa zvokudzivirira hosha.
Kuchengeteka Kwevanhu Vose
Kudzivirira kuchengeteka kwevanhu mutoro mukuru wehurumende unogoveranwa mumitengo yose. Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinogovera mapurisa nemoto, mabasa ekurumidziro, uye mhinduro yenjodzi. Hurumende dzinotarisira mapurisa ehurumende, dzinotarisira majeri ehurumende, uye dzinoronga kutarisirwa kwemamiriro okunze enjodzi. Hurumende yehurumende inobata kuchengeteka kwenyika, dziviriro yemuganhu, kuchengetwa kwemitemo yehurumende kupfurikidza namasangano akadai seFBI, uye yamuro yenjodzi kupfurikidza neFederal Eme Managency Management Agency (FEMA).
Kuchengetedza kodzero dzevanhu kunobatsira kudzivirira vagari vemo pamhosva, kuita zvinhu kana zvinhu zvada kukurumidzira, uye kuchengetedza runyararo munzanga.
Kugadzirwa Kwezvifambiso
Hurumende inovaka uye inochengeta gadziriro dzezvokufambisa dzinobatanidza nzanga uye dzinogonesa kutengeserana. Hurumende dzemo dzinochengeta migwagwa yeguta, zviratidzo zvemigwagwa, uye kumisa mipando. Hurumende dzinovaka nokuchengetedza migwagwa yehurumende nebhiriji, dzinoshandisa madhipatimendi ezvokufambisa, uye kazhinji kazhinji dzinotarisira gadziriro dzokufambisa dzavose. Hurumende inochengeta migwagwa yepasi, inodzora kufamba kwendege nemotokari, inotsigira zviteshi zvenjari, uye zvirongwa zvikuru zvezvifambiso kupfurikidza nezvipo nenzvimbo.
Zvinhu izvi zvinokosha pakuchengetedza mari, zvichiita kuti zvinhu zvikwanise kufamba zvakanaka uye kuti vanhu vafambe vachienda kubasa, kudzidzo, uye kudiwa kwomunhu oga.
Masangano Okubatsira Vanhu Nezvirongwa Zvokutsigira
Hurumende inogovera nzvimbo yakachengeteka yeyaunga kubatsira vagari vemo munguva dzakaoma uye kutsigira vagari vemo vakaremara. Kuchengeteka kwenzanga kunogovera mari yokurega basa, betsero dzourema, uye betsero dzinopukunyuka. Masmeral Nutrition Appive Program (SNAP, zviteshi zvaichimbova zvokudya) inobetsera mhuri dzinowana mari shoma kuti dziwane zvokudya. Inishuwarenzi yerovha inogovera mari yechinguvana yavashandi vanorasikirwa nemabasa avo. Mapurogiramu ebetsero dzedzimba dzinobetsera kubetsera mhuri dzinowana mari shoma inowana pokugara yakakotsekana.
Masangano egarikano yavana anodzivirira vana pakubatwa zvisina kufanira nokuregeredzwa. Betsero dzevechiVeterans dzinogovera tarisiro youtano, dzidzo, uye imwe tsigiro nokuda kwavarwi vakare. Zvirongwa izvi zvinoratidza kuzvipira kwenzanga kuvimbisa kuti vagari vose vanogona kuwana zvinodikanwa zvikuru netsigiro munguva dzinotambudza.
Kudzivirirwa Kwemhoteredzo
Masangano ehurumende anoshanda kudzivirira mhoteredzo nezviwanikwa zvezvizvarwa zviripo zvino zvino. Environmental Protection Agency inodzora mhepo nemvura, inotarisira tsvina ine ngozi, uye inoita kuti mitemo yemhoteredzo iteeredzerwe. Masangano ehurumende anoshandisa mitemo yehurumende uye nhau dzezvakatipoteredza zvehurumende. Hurumende dzemo dzinotarisira kurapwa kwemvura netsvina, kugadziridza mapurogiramu, uye mitemo yezvakatipoteredza zvomunzvimbomo.
Mapaki emhuka, masango, uye nzvimbo dzokupotera dzemhuka, zvinotarisirwa nemasangano ehurumende, zvinochengetedza nzvimbo dzinowanikwa dzezvipenyu nokuda kwevaraidzo nokuchengetedza.
Kugadziridza Kwemari Nedziviriro Yemutengi
Hurumende inodzora basa rezvemari kuti itsigire makwikwi asina ruramisiro, idzivirire vatengi, uye ichengetedze kuchengeteka kwemari.Masangano eFederal anodzora kubhangi nemisika yemari, anodzika mitemo inorambidza kuchengeteka kwemitengo, anodzivirira kodzero dzevatengi, anochengetedza mipimo yemibayiro yebasa. Hurumende dzinodzora mapepa einishuwarenzi, uye dzinoita kuti vatevedzere mitemo yokudzivirira vatengi. Iyi mitemo inobetsera kudzivisa kubiridzira utsotsi, inoita kuti purofiti ivedzere, uye inoita kuti pave nokutamba kwemabhizimisi.
Mugari Wemo Anobatanidzwa: Basa Rako Muhurumende Inosarudzwa Navanhu
Kubatanidzwa kwako kunobatsira kuti hurumende irambe ichipindura zvinodiwa nevanhu vainoshandira. Kune nzira dzakawanda dzokuita nadzo zvinhu nehurumende, kubva pakuvhota kusvika pakutungamirira kuti iitewo chimwe chinhu muhurumende.
Kurumbidza: Fandesheni Yehurumende Inosarudzwa Navanhu
Kusarudza kunoitwa nevanhu vanokumiririra uye kukuita zvisarudzo muhurumende dzose, uye nyaya dzose dzesarudzo. Sarudzo yeSarudzo yePuertian inosarudza kuti ndiani anotungamirira rudzi rwacho, asi sarudzo yemo yemo yemeya, dare reguta, dare rezvikoro, uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzinoita kuti upenyu hwako hunyatsovandudzika.
Kuvhota, unofanira kunyoresa munyika yako, uko kunoda kazhinji kazhinji kuva mugari weU.S., kusvitsa zvinodikanwa zvokugara zvehurumende yako, uye kuva namakore anenge 18. Kunyoresa kwapanguva napamiitiro kunosiana nehurumende, naizvozvo nzvera nehofisi yako yesarudzo yomunzvimbomo kana kuti shanyo. gov nokuda kwamashoko akananga kunzvimbo yako.
Kupfuura kuvhota muvhota, nyika dzakawanda dzinobvumira vagari vemo kuvhota zvakananga panhau dzemitemo kupfurikidza nokutanga kuvhota nokupa mitero.
Kuonana Nevamiriri Vako
Vakuru vakuru vasingadi kuudzwa vanokushandira, uye vanoda kunzwa kubva kuvamiririri vako nzira inobudirira yokuita kuti inzwi rako rinzwiwe panhau dzine chokuita newe. Unogona kusvasvavirira kutaura murangariro wako pamusoro pomutemo wakamirira, kukumbira betsero nebasa rehurumende, kushuma chinetso munharaunda yako, kana kuti kubvunza mibvunzo pamusoro pemitemo yehurumende.
Vakuru vakuru vakawanda vakasarudzwa vane mawebsite ane mashoko uye mafomu epaIndaneti kuti vakurukure. Unogona kudana mahofisi avo, kutumira tsamba, kana kuti kunyorera tsamba. Paunoonana nevamiririri, nyatsova pachena pamusoro pezvaunofunga, tsanangura kuti nyaya yacho inokubatsira sei kana kuti nzanga yako, uye nyatsotaura nezvechiito chaunoda kuti vaite. Nyaya dzomunhu oga nemienzaniso yomunzvimbomo zvinowanzova zvinonyengetesa pane zvinongozivikanwa.
Kupinda Misangano Yavose
Misangano yehurumende pamwero yose inowanzova yakazarukira vanhu, uye vazhinji vanobvumira nguva yetsinhiro yavose. kupinda misangano iyoyi kunokubetsera kuramba uchiziva pamusoro pezvisarudzo zvehurumende uye kunokupa banza rokutaura zvakananga kuvaiti vezvisarudzo. Misangano yemakurukota eguta, misangano yedare rechikoro, horo dzetaundi, kutonga kwavose pamirau inokarakadzwa, uye nzanga yose mikana yokuvimbisana zvakananga.
Masangano akawanda ehurumende ava kupa mukana wokupinda misangano yawo kana kuti kuitora mumvura, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kutora rutivi. Nzvera website yehurumende yako nokuda kwepurogiramu dzemisangano, zvirongwa, uye mirayiridzo yokupindura.
Kubatira Mumabhodhi Nemabasa
Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinowanzova namasangano ezvokuronga uye masangano zvinogovera muuyo panhau dzakati dzakadai sokuronga nokugadzira nzvimbo, mapaka nevaraidzo, maraibhurari, kuchengetedzwa kwenhau, uye nhau dzemhoteredzo. aya masangano anobatanidza zvikurukuru mitezo yavagari vemo yakagadzwa navakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa. Kubatira padare kana kuti dare kunokubvumira kugovera unyanzvi hwako nemurangariro kukuita chisarudzo chehurumende apo unenge uchidzidza zvakawanda pamusoro penzira iyo hurumende inoshanda nayo.
Kuvaka Nokuronga Munzanga
Kushanda navamwe vanogoverana itiro hanya dzako kunogona kuwedzera inzwi rako ndokuwedzera simba rako.
Kugona kudzora kunobudirira kunoda kunzwisisa nhau yacho, kuziva ane simba rokuita chinjo, kuvaka ukama navaiti vezvisarudzo, uye kukurudzira vamwe kutsigira chisakiso chako. Masangano eGrassoot akapesvedzera nenzira inobudirira muitiro wehurumende panhau dzisingaverengeki munhau yose yeAmerica.
Kushandisa Rusununguko Rwemashoko
The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) inopa vagari vemo maruramiro okukumbira kusvika kuzvinyorwa zvehurumende. Iyi chishandiswa chokuoneka chinokubvumira kuwana mashoko pamusoro pemibato yehurumende, zvisarudzo, uye mari. Mitemo yakawanda yakafanana ine mitemo inodzora kusvika kumarekodhi ehurumende nehurumende yomunzvimbomo. Iyi mitemo inobetsera kuvimbisa kuzvidavirira kwehurumende kupfurikidza nokubvumira vagari vemo kuona kuti hurumende yavo inoshanda sei uye kuti zviwanikwa zvavose zvinoshandiswa sei.
Kuramba Uchiziva
Kutora rutivi kunobudirira kunoda kuziviswa pamusoro pemibato yehurumende nenhau. Manyuko akavimbika amashoko anobatanidza mawebsite ehurumende epamutemo, mapepanhau omunzvimbomo uye maredhisipoti, masangano asingaongorori maidi, uye nhau dzehurumende dzinobudisa nhau. Kutsoropodza manyuko enhau dzehurumende uye kusimbisa mashoko anokosha kupfurikidza namanyuko akawanda akavimbika.
Mawebsite ehurumende akadai se USA.gov anopa mashoko akakwana pamusoro pemabasa ehurumende yehurumende nepurogiramu. Hurumende namawebsite ehurumende yomunzvimbomo anopa mashoko pamusoro pemabasa, misangano, uye mikana yokutora rutivi pamwero iyoyo.
Kunzwisisa Kuona Hurumende Zvakanaka uye Kuzvidavirira
Kuona chitarisiko uye kuzvidavirira inheyo dzinokosha dzehurumende yedemocracy. Kuoneka kunoreva kuti mabasa ehurumende, zvisarudzo, uye mashoko zvakazaruka uye zvinosvikwa kuvagari vemo. Kuzvidavirira kunoreva kuti vakuru vakuru vehurumende ndivo vane mutoro wezviito zvavo uye vanogona kunzi vapindurwe kuvanhu.
Nei Kuona Mavara Zvakanaka Kuchikosha?
Hurumende yakajeka inobvumira vagari vemo kunzwisisa kuti zvisarudzo zvinoitwa sei, kuti mari yavose inoshandiswa sei, uye kana vakuru vakuru vari kuita mufariro yavose. Apo hurumende inoshanda pachena, inovakira chivimbo chavose, inogonesa kutora rutivi runozivikanwa, inodzivisa ushati nokushandiswa zvisina kufanira kwesimba, uye inobvumira vagari vomunyika kuita kuti vakuru vakuru vakuru vazvidavirire. Kuoneka kunovandudzawo kubudirira kwehurumende kupfurikidza nokuteerera zvisarudzo kunzverwa nokurevererwa kwapachena.
Michina Yokuzvidavirira
Gadziriro dzedemocratic dzinobatanidza miitiro mizhinji yokuita kuti hurumende izvidavirire. Kusarudza kunobvumira vagari vemo kubvisa vakuru vakuru vasingabati fariro yavose. Kudzora kunoitwa namamwe mapazu ehurumende kunogovera cheki dzesimba. Mitemo yehurumende inoongorora tsvina, kubiridzira, uye kushandiswa zvisina kufanira mumasangano ehurumende. Mitemo yenhau yapachena inogovera kuwanwa mashoko ehurumende. Mitemo yemitemo nerwisano yemipimo yemhindu zvinodzivisa vakuru vakuru kushandisa nzvimbo dzavo nokuda kwemhindu yomunhu oga.
Iyi miitiro yokuzvidavirira inoshanda pamwe chete kuva nechokwadi chokuti hurumende inobatira fariro yavose panzvimbo pefariro dzomunhu oga kana kuti fariro dzaavo vari musimba.
Zvinotaurwa Nehurumende Zvinowanzotsanangurwa
Kunzwisisa mashoko ehurumende kunokubatsira kushandisa mitoo yehurumende uye kutora rutivi nenzira inobudirira zvikuru.Heano mamwe mashoko anozivikanwa navose anotsanangurwa mumutauro wakajeka:
[[FOL:0] , [ Mutemo unokarakadzwa uri kurangarirwa nedare romutemo. Mabhiri anofanira kupfuura dzimba dzose mbiri dzeChibvumirano ndokusainwa napurezidhendi kuti ave mutemo.
Gadziriro yokuti hurumende ichashandisa sei mari mukati menhambo yakati, kazhinji kazhinji gore rimwe. Muitiro webhajeti unobatanidza bazu ravakuru vakuru kuronga bhajeti nebazu remitemo rinoitendera.
[[FOLT:0] : Munhu anogara munharaunda inomirirwa navakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa. Uri mubatanidzwa wemutezo wedare reguta rako, vaiti vemitemo vehurumende, uye mitezo yeDare.
Zvinoshanda Nhevedzo: Murayiro wakabudiswa napurezidhendi ane simba romutemo. Mirairo ine chiremera chinodzora inoshandiswa kutungamirira masangano ehurumende navakuru vakuru mukuita kwavo mitemo kana kuti miitiro yakagadzwa.
: Unyanzvi hunoshandiswa muDare kunonotsa kana kuti kudzivisa vhoti papepa kupfurikidza nokutambanudza kurukurirano kusingaperi. Kunoda mavhoti 60 kugumisa filbuster.
juridition: Simba redare rehurumende rokuita zvisarudzo ndokuita kuti mitemo iteererwe munharaunda yakati kana kuti kupfuura nhau dzakati.
[ pamutemo:[ Mitemo kana kuti mitemo inokarakadzwa. Shoko racho rinogona kureva mutemo mumwe kana kuti muitiro wokuita mitemo.
Ordinance: Mutemo waipfuudzwa nehurumende yomunzvimbomo, yakadai seguta kana kuti nyika.
Kuraira: Mutemo unoumbwa nesangano rehurumende kuti ushandise ndokumanikidzira mitemo inopiwa nedare. Mitemo ine simba romutemo asi inosikwa kupfurikidza nomuitiro wakasiana kupfuura mutemo.
[[FOLT:0] : Simba rapurezidhendi kana kuti gavhuna rokuramba mutemo unopfuudzwa nedare remitemo. Masimba anogona kukurira chiwiti nechivhoti chikuru (zvinenge zvikamu zviviri nezvitatu).
Maitirwe Anoitwa Mitemo: Gadziriro Yomutemo
Kunzwisisa kuti mitemo inoitwa sei kuchakubatsira kuona mikana yokuchinja mitemo uye kunzwisisa kuti nzira yacho yokuita zvinhu inoda kutevedzerwa.
Danho 1: Kutanga
Mutengo unotanga apo muiti wemitemo anousuma munzvimbo yawo.
Nhano 2: Kuhwirudzura kweDare
Matare mapoka evaiti vemitemo avo vanonzvera zvikuru mativi emitemo akadai sedzidzo, tarisiro youtano, kana kuti dziviriro. Dare rinohwirudzura mutongo, rinoita kuti vanhu vanopa mitongo vapiwe kana kuti vanofarira vangapupurira, uye vangachinja mari yechikwereti.
Nhano 3: Nharo Yakanaka Neyoruzha
Apo bhiri remitemo rinosvika pauriri hweImba kana kuti Dare, vaiti vemitemo vanokurukura zvaro zvakanaka uye vangakarakadza kugadziriswa. pashure pokunge kurukurirano yaguma, mavhoti edare pamuri racho. kana akapfuurira, anoenda kune imwe kamuri, uko muitiro wacho unodzokororwa.
Nhano 4: Dare Romusangano
Kana imba neDare zvikabudisa matare akasiyana - siyana emutemo mumwe chete, dare redare rine nhengo dzemakamuri ose rinoshanda kuti rigadzirise misiyano yacho.
Danho 5: Chiito Choupurezidhendi
Kana makamuri ose ari maviri angopfuura zvimiro zvakafanana zvepepa, inoenda kuna purezidhendi, anogona kurisaina mumutemo, kuuisa mumutemo, kana kuti kusaita chiito. Kana purezidhendi akabvisa pamutemo, Congress anogona kukurira dare nevhoti mbiri namatatu mumakamuri ose ari maviri. Kana purezidhendi asingaiti chiito kwamazuva gumi apo Congress inenge iri murusando, mutemo unova pamutemo.
Danho 6: Kupa mashoko
Kuronga mutemo uku kunosanganisirawo mikana yokutsinhira vanhu, zvichipa mukana wokushandisa zvimwe zvinhu zvinoshandiswa nevagari vemo.
Masangano eHurumende Anosvika
Hurumende inobatsira vagari vemo vakawanda, asi dzimwe nguva kuvawana kunogona kuvhiringidza.
Kuwana Agency Yakarurama
Nhano yokutanga mukuwana mabasa ehurumende ndeyokuziva kuti isangano ripi kana kuti dhipatimendi rinobata chinyorwa chako. Basa repurogiramu yeUSA Gov nderokuita kuti zvive nyore zvikuru kuti vanhu vawane uye vanzwisise mabasa ehurumende uye mashoko avanoda (panguva ipi neipi, kupi nokupi kwavanoda. Website yeUSA.gov inobatira sebutiro reminamato yehurumende uye inogona kukubetsera kuwana sangano rakarurama nokuda kwezvinodikanwa zvako.
Kana iri hurumende nenzvimbo yomunzvimbomo, tanga newebsite yehurumende yako kana kuti yomunzvimbomo. Vazhinji vane mafaira ebasa kana kuti mabasa okusecha kuti vakubatsire kuwana zvaunoda. Kana usina chokwadi kuti ungatanga kupi, kudana nhamba huru yehurumende yomunzvimbomo kana kuti kushanyira hofisi yehurumende yomunzvimbomo kunogona kukubetsera kutungamirirwa kunzvimbo yakarurama.
Masangano Anozivikanwa Navose Nenzira Yokuawana Nayo
Sacial Security Bespect: Shandisa paIndaneti passa.gov, norunhare pa1-080-7721213, kana kuti pahofisi yenyu yeNzvimbo yeNzvimbo yeMagariro.
medicare: Murongi panguva yako yokutanga kunyoresa (panenge pakusvitsa kwako zuva rechi65) pamedicare.gov kana kuti kupfurikidza nokudana 1-800-MEDICARE.
Betsero dzokusashanda: Shandisa kupfurikidza nepurogiramu yako yourovha yehurumende, inowanzowanikwa panzvimbo yepawebsite yebasa yehurumende yako.
SNOP (Rubatsiro Rwokudya): App kupfurikidza nepurogiramu yako yeSNAP, inowanzotarisirwa noutano kana kuti dhipatimendi remibato yavanhu rehurumende.
Pasport: Shandisa panzvimbo inogamuchirwa mapasipoti (kazhinji kazhinji mahofisi eposi kana kuti maraibhurari) kana kuti vandudza nepositi. Mashoko anowanika pakufamba.gov.
[ Marezereze enziyo: Anoshandisa paDhipatimendi reHurumende yako re Motor Vehicles (DMV) kana kuti sangano rinowirirana.
Zvitupa zvokuberekwa uye Manyoro Anokosha: Kukumbira kuhofisi inokosha yezvinyorwa muhurumende uko chinoitika chacho chakaitika.
Kuwana Betsero Namasangano Ehurumende
Kana uchinetseka nokuwana basa rehurumende kana kuti mapurisa, zviwanikwa zvinoverengeka zvinogona kubatsira. Mahofisi ako akasarudzwa nevamiririri kazhinji kazhinji ane vashandi vakazvitsaurira kubetsera vamiririri nemabasa ehurumende. Masangano emitemo anopa rubatsiro rwapamutemo kuvanhu vanowana mari shoma. Masangano enzanga neasingabudisi mari anowanzobatsira vanhu kuti vapinde mumasangano ehurumende. Hurumende inoongorora zvichemo pamusoro pehurumende uye inogona kubetsera kupedza zvinetso.
Kunzwisisa Kodzero Dzako Somugari Wemo
Kodzero idzi dzinoratidza ukama huri pakati pevagari vemo nehurumende uye dzinodzivirira rusununguko rwemunhu mumwe nomumwe.
Kodzero Dzebumbiro Remitemo
Bhishopi yekodzero, gadziridzo gumi dzokutanga kuBumbiro reMitemo, inodzivirira rusununguko runokosha kubatanidza rusununguko rwokutaura, rudzidziso, pepanhau, uye gungano; maruramiro okutakura zvombo; dziviriro pakunzvera kusina mufungo nepfari; kodzero yokuita muitiro wakafanira womutemo; kodzero yokutongwa nokukurumidza uye kwavose; dziviriro pachirango chine utsinye nechisina kurongwa chakananga muBumbiro reMitemo inochengetwa navanhu.
Gare gare kugadziridzwa kwakawedzerwa kwekodzero dzakawedzerwa kubatanidza kubviswa kwouranda, kudzivirirwa zvakaenzana pasi pomutemo, kodzero dzokuvhota pasinei zvapo nedzinza, kusarudza zvakananga kwevane chokuita nehurumende, kushora kwevakadzi, uye kodzero dzokuvhota nokuda kwevagari vemo 18 nevakuru.
Kodzero Dzevagari Vemo
Mitemo yekodzero dzevanhu inodzivirira vagari vemo pakusarurana kwakavakirwa parudzi, ruvara, mavambo orudzi, vatano, urema, uye mamwe mavara. Iyi dziviriro inoshanda munharaunda kubatanidza basa, pokugara, dzidzo, pokugara, uye kuvhota. Kana unodavira kuti kodzero dzako dzevagari vemo dzakaputswa, unogona kuisa chinyunyuto kusangano rehurumende rakakodzera, rakadai seCompalement Obrounction Commission (EOC) kana kuti Department of Howation and Urban Development (H).
Kodzero Dzegadziriro Dzinofanira Kuitwa
Gadziriro inoita kuti hurumende itevere miitiro yakanaka isati yanyima mumwe munhu upenyu, rusununguko, kana kuti zvinhu. Ikoku kunobatanidza maruramiro okucherekedza pomero kana kuti nhau, mukana wokunzwika, maruramiro okumirira kwapamutemo, maruramiro okupa ufakazi uye zvapupu zvinopambunuka, uye kodzero kumuiti wechisarudzo asingasaruri. Idzi dziviriro dzinoshanda mumhaka dzoutsotsi, nhau dzehurumende dzinobatanidza chiito chehurumende, uye matare okutarisira.
Kukosha Kwedzidzo Yemibatanidzwa
Kunzwisisa hurumende hakusati kuri bedzi pamusoro pokuziva maidi nemiitiro nejeko() kukudziridza zivo nounyanzvi zviri madikanwa kuti zvigoverane nenzira inobudirira muhurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Dzidzo yeCBIVI inobetsera vagari vemo kunzwisisa kuti hurumende inoshanda sei, kuziva kodzero dzavo nemitoro, kuyera mashoko ezvamatongerwe enyika nokungwarira, kutora rutivi mumiitiro yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, uye kushanda navamwe kupedza nhau dzenzanga.
Dzidzo yakasimba yehurumende inoparira vagari vemo vakaziviswa avo vanogona kuchengeta kuzvidavirira kwehurumende, vanotora rutivi nenzira ine revo mumiitiro yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, uye vanoshanda pamwe chete kupedza zvinetso. Inosimbisa utongi hunosarudzwa navanhu kupfurikidza nokuva nechokwadi chokuti chizvarwa chimwe nechimwe chinonzwisisa nheyo, masangano, uye miitiro izvo zvinotsigira kuzvitonga.
Zviwanikwa Zvokudzidza Zvakawanda
Zviwanikwa zvakawanda zvinogona kukubatsira kuti unzwisise zvikuru kubatanidzwa kwaunoita muhurumende uye munzanga. USA.gov inopa mashoko akakwana pamusoro pemabasa ehurumende yehurumende nepurogiramu. Raibhurari yeCongress inogovera zvinhu zvakawanda pamusoro penhau yeAmerica, hurumende, uye mutemo. National Archives reserves uye inogovera mapepa ehurumende enhau. C-SPAN inogovera manyuko ehurumende nezviwanikwa zvedzidzo. Hurumende newebsite dzehurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinopa mashoko pamusoro pemibato uye mikana yokutora rutivi panzvimbo idzodzo.
Mayunivhesiti akawanda nemasangano asingawani mhindu anopa kosi dzepachena dzehurumende, dzehurumende, uye dzezvematongerwe enyika.
Mugumisiro: Vagari Vane Simba, Utongi Hworuzhinji Hwakasimba
Kunzwisisa hurumende hakudi depati romutemo kana kuti resayenzi yezvamatongerwe enyika (inoda kuda kuda kuziva, kusvika kumashoko akajeka, uye kuzvipira kudzidza. Apo hurumende inokurukura nomutauro wakajeka uye vagari vemo vanotora nguva kuti vanzwisise kuti hurumende yavo inoshanda sei, hurumende inosarudzwa navanhu inova yakasimba zvikuru uye inogamuchira zvikuru.
Kana uchivhota musarudzo, onana navamiriri vako, unopinda misangano yavose, kana kuti kungogara bedzi uchiziviswa pamusoro pemibato yehurumende, unobetsera kumuitiro wehurumende yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu.
Mifungo yakatsanangurwa muiyi nhungamiro inogovera hwaro hwenzwisiso yehurumende, asi kudzidza pamusoro pehurumende muitiro unopfuurira. Sezvaunosangana nehurumende muupenyu hwako hwezuva nezuva(zvipi nezvipi zvingava kubhadhara mitero, mabasa okupinda, kana kuti kutevera zvinoitika zvazvino) uchapfuurira kukudziridza nzwisiso yako yemashandire anoita hurumende uye kuti ungatora rutivi sei nenzira inobudirira.
Rangarirai kuti hurumende iripo kuti ishumire vagari vemo. Kana musinganzwisisi chimwe chinhu, bvunzai mibvunzo; kana muchiona chinetso, taurai henyu. Kana muine mifungo yokuvandudza, chigoveranei. Democracy inotsamira pavagari vemo vanoshingaira, vanovimbisa kunzwisisa hurumende yavo uye vanotora rutivi mukuumba nzira yayo.
Kupfurikidza nokushatisa hurumende kupfurikidza nomutauro wakajeka netsananguro dzakajeka, tinogona kuvaka ruzivo rukuru rwevagari vemo nehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu yakasimba zvikuru.