Kubatana uku kunowanzoratidza kuti vanhu vanonyatsodanana uye vanonyatsowirirana kupfuura mitemo yezvitendero, asi kunosanganawo nematambudziko akasiyana - siyana anokonzerwa nemitemo, dzidziso dzechitendero, tsika, uye mararamiro evanhu.

Zvirongwa Zvepamutemo Zveroorano Dzezvitendero Zvisina Kubatana

Kuzivikanwa kwapamutemo uye kudzivirirwa kwemichato ine chokuita nokutenda kwakavhengana munyika dzakawanda uye munharaunda dzakasiyana - siyana, zvichiratidza nzira dzakasiyana - siyana dzinoenderana kodzero dzevanhu nemitemo yechitendero.

Masangano Ezvenyika Nezvepamutemo Zvechitendero

Munyika dzine gadziriro dzemitemo yenyika, dzakadai seUnited States, Canada, uye yakawanda yeEurope, mitemo yeroorano yavagari vemo haiganhuriri kubatana kwakavakirwa parudzidziso. Iyi Hurumende inogovera maruramiro akaenzana nokuzivikanwa pasinei zvapo nemigariro yezvitendero. Basa rehurumende nderokupa marezenisi eroorano, uye mutambo upi noupi worudzidziso wakaparadzana uye unozvipira. Iyi nzanga yapamutemo inopa nzira yakananga zvikurusa nokuda kwavakwanyina vorudzidziso kuti varoore ndokuwana maruramiro eroorano.

Zvisinei, munyika umo mutemo worudzidziso unodzora nhau dzomunhu oga, roorano yezvitendero zvakavhengana inogona kuganhurirwa zvikuru kana kuti kunyange kusingabviri. Nyika dzakawanda muMiddle East namativi eAsia dzinoshandisa mitemo yorudzidziso yorudzidziso. Somuenzaniso, munyika dzinoverengeka dzechiMuslim dzinowirirana, murume wechiMuslim angabvumidzwa kuroora mukadzi wechiKristu kana kuti wechiJudha, asi mukadzi wechiMuslim anowanzorambidzwa kuroora murume asiri muMuslim. Mabhii akadaro apamutemo anoparira kusaenzana kukuru uye anomanikidza vakwanyina kuwirirana, kutsvaka roorano dzokunzenzenze, kana kuti zvimwe dziviriro yapamutemo.

Mienzaniso Yenyika Inoyevedzwa

India: mutemo wenyika weIndia wehurumende unobvumira roorano dzavagari vemo pasi peSpecial Marriage Act ya 1954, iyo isingadi kuti varoorani varambe marudzidziso avo. Zvisinei, roorano dzamarudzidziso dzinowanzotarisana nechishoro chenzanga nechamagariro, uye varoorani pane dzimwe nguva vanotarisana nenetso inobva kumapoka anosariranwa. Chisarudzo chapamutemo chiripo, asi kuchengetwa nokugamuchirwa kwenzanga.

Israel: Israel haina roorano yavagari vemo; roorano dzose dzinodzorwa nezviremera zvorudzidziso (chiJudha, vaMuslim, vaKristu, Druze). Roorano dzezvitendero hadzigoni kuitwa mukati menyika. Varoorani vanofanira kuroora kunze kwenyika (mh., Cyprus) uye ipapo kunyoresa roorano neIsrael Ministry of Interior, ingapa ziviso asi kwete nguva dzose pasina mhingani.

roorano yavagari vemo:[ yakatangwa bedzi kupfurikidza nekokero yapamutemo; varoorani vanogona kusarudza roorano yavagari vemo kana vakabvisa wirirano yavo yorudzidziso mumazita avagari vemo. Ikoku hakuwanzoitika uye kunomutsa nharo. Vakwanyina vazhinjisa vezvitendero vanoroora kune imwe nyika, vachitarisana nenhau dzakafanana nereIsraeri.

Indonesia: MuMutemo weroorano, roorano dzinofanira kuitwa mukuwirirana norudzidziso rwomukwanyina mumwe nomumwe. Nokuda kwavakwanyina vokutenda kuzhinji, mukwanyina mumwe anofanira kutendeukira kurudzidziso rwomumwe nokuda kwomuchato wapamutemo. Varoorani vanoramba kutendeuka pane dzimwe nguva vanodzivisa mutemo kupfurikidza nokuroora kune imwe nyika, kunyange zvazvo roorano isati ichizozivikanwa mudzimba.

Mienzaniso iyi inoratidza kuti kuronga kwepamutemo kunogona kuita kuti kubatana kwezvitendero kusave nyore kana kuti kukanganisa, kazhinji zvichiguma nenhaka, kodzero yokuchengeta mwana, uye kodzero dzokugara.

Maonero Echitendero Pamasangano Ezvitendero

Tsika dzakasiyana - siyana dzechitendero dzine dzidziso dzakasiyana - siyana, uye mutsika imwe neimwe, kududzira kunogona kusiyana zvikuru pakati pemasangano uye vatendi.

ChiKristu

Dzidziso dzechiKristu pamusoro peroorano dzakabatana dzakasiyana - siyana. Masangano makuru akawanda ePurotesitendi (muchib., Lutheran, Anglican, Methodist) anowanzogamuchira roorano dzekubatana kwezvitendero, kunyange zvazvo anokurudzira vakaroorana kukurukura nhau dzokutenda ndokurera vana vari mugadziriro yorudzidziso imwe chete. Chechi yeKaturike inoda kurashwa nabhishopi womunzvimbomo kuti varoore muKristu asiri muKaturike, uye kupiwa chaiko kweroorano kumunhu asiri wechiKristu. Mubiyayo weKaturike anofanira kupikira kupfuurira kutevera kutenda kwavo uye kuita zvakanakisisa kubhapatidza nokurera vana vapi navapi veKaturike. Mapokatsi eKaturike neveristate yePurotesitendi vangava vanoganhurira zvikuru, kazhinji vachikurudzira vatendi vokutenda mukutenda kwakavakirwa pamagwaro akafanana 2 VaKorinte 6: 14.

ChiIslam

Mutemo weIslam unobvumidza varume vechiMuslim kuroora "Vanhu veBhuku" (vaKristu navaJudha). Zvisinei, vakadzi vechiMuslim, kazhinji kazhinji vanorambidzwa kuroora varume vasiri vaMuslim, vakavakirwa padudziro dzomutemo dzekare. Murangariro unowanzodudzwa ndewokuvimbisa vana kuti vanorerwa mukutenda kwechiIslam. Munyika zhinji dzechiMuslim namaMuslim, mutemo uyu unotenderwa mumutemo. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzenguva ino dzinotaura kuti kurambidza vakadzi kwakavakirwa pamamiriro ezvinhu enhau enzanga uye kunofanira kurangarirwazve sechinjo, asi murangariro uyu unoramba uri muduku. Nokuti varoorani vokutenda namaMuslim, zvikurukuru murume weMuslim, kutenderwa kuIslam kazhinji ndiyo nzira inogamuchirwa bedzi nokuda kwemhuri nenzanga.

ChiJudha

Mutemo wechiJudha wekare (Halakha) unorambidza roorano dzamarudzidziso. chiJudha cheOrthodox chinochengeta ichi chimiro chakasimba. ChiJudha chinodzivisawo kuroorerana asi chinoratidzika kuva chinogamuchira zvikuru vakwanyina vasiri vaJudha muupenyu hwesinagoge. Chitendero nechimutsidziro chechiJudha chakachinja kuva chinogamuchira zvizere michato yezvitendero nemhuri dzekubatanidza zvitendero. Vanarabhi vazhinji veReformation vanochengeta michato yezvitendero, uye sangano racho rinotsigira nokushingaira kukwikwidza kuvavakidzani vokutenda. Nyaya inoramba iri manyuko ekurukurirano yomukati mechiJudha.

ChiHindu

ChiHindu hachina chiremera chikuru kana kuti chirambidzo chimwe chapaMagwaro paroorano dzamaHindu. Tsika yamagamuchidzanwa yechiHindu inosimbisa kupesana mukati memapoka echiHindu nenzanga yorudzidziso, asi roorano dzakabatana mukutenda dzimwe dzinozivikanwa navose zvikuru pakati pavaHindu vomumaguta navakadzidza. Kugamuchirwa kazhinji kazhinji kunotsamira pazvimiro zvemhuri. Vabereki vazhinji vechiHindu vanoda kuti mubiyavo asiri muHindu agamuchire chiHindu, kana kuti zvimwe kutora rutivi mutsika dzechiHindu. Kuchinjika kwerudzidziso kwechiHindu kunogona kugamuchinjira mhuri dzokuyamuranisa, asi ruzvidzo rwenzanga runopfuurira mumigariro inochinjika zvikuru.

ChiBuddha Nezvimwe Zvitendero

ChiBuddha hachiwanzorambidza roorano yakavhengana. dzidziso dzechiBuddha dzinonangidzira ngwariro patsitsi netsinhirano, uye nzanga dzakawanda dzechiBuddha (tailand, Sri Lanka, Japan) dzine nhau refu dzeroorano dzamarudzidziso. ChiSikh chinokombamirawo kuva chakazaruka, kunyange zvazvo dzvinyiriro yetsika yokuroora mukati menzanga iripo. magamuchidzanwa echiJain anodzivisa roorano yakabatana nemhaka yeitiro dzezvokudya nemiitiro youpenyu, asi mhuri dzimwe nedzimwe dzingasiana.

Matambudziko Etsika Nemararamiro

Kunze kwemutemo wechitendero, kutarisira tsika uye zvinoitwa mumhuri kunokonzera zvinetso zvinokurumidza uye zvinovhiringidza pfungwa dzevakaroorana vanopinda zvitendero zvakasiyana.

Tarisiro Nesimba

Mhuri kazhinji kazhinji dzine tariro dzakasimba zvikuru dzokuti vana vavo vacharoora mumwe munhu werudzidziso rumwe kana kuti wetsika. Apo mwana anosarudza mukwanyina wokutenda kwakasiana, vabereki vangakurangarira sokurambwa kwemipimo yavo, tyisidziro kukupfuuridzirwa kwamagamuchidzanwa, kana kuti manyuko enyadziso. Munzanga umo kuzivikanwa kwakabatanidzwa zvakasimba norudzidziso, roorano yakabatana muzvitendero inogona kurangarirwa seshambadziso. Ikoku kunogona kutungamirira kukudzvinyirira kukuru kugumisa ukama, kunyarara, kana kuti kunyange kuramba.

Vanhu vakaroorana vangasangana neguhwa, kusarurwa kwenzanga, kana kuti kusarurana kusinganzwisisiki. Somuenzaniso, vangakokwa kumisangano yemhuri shoma kana kuti vangafungira vamwe kuti havasi kufarira masangano echitendero anenge avagamuchira zvizere, kunyanya kana vachida kubatanidzwa muzvitendero zvose.

Kutendeuka Nokubvumirana Pane Zvisina Kufanira

Kumwe kumanikidza kunowanzoitika ndekwokuti mumwe munhu atendeukire kuchitendero chomumwe. Kutendeuka kunogona kupedza kusawirirana kwakawanda, kungagutsa kariro dzemhuri, kupfavisa dzidzo yorudzidziso yavana, uye kubvumira varoorani kutora rutivi zvizere munzanga imwe yorudzidziso. Zvisinei, kazhinji kazhinji kunoparirwa nendyiko yomunhu oga. Mukwanyina anotendeuka anganzwa kuti vasiya nhaka yavo vamene, uye kutendeuka kungava kusina kururama, kuchitungamirira kukushatirwa gare gare gare. Vamwe vanyakuroorana vanosarudza kusatendeuka asi kushandisa marudzidziso ose ari maviri kana kuti kuita nzira itsva yomudzimu. Ikoku kunoda kuremekedzana, uye kungasagamuchirwa nemitezo yose yemhuri.

Kupa zano vana vasati varoorana, nyanzvi inonzwisisa kuti kubatana kwezvitendero kunobatsira vakaroorana kugadzirisa nyaya idzi dzisati dzamuka, uye vanofanira kukurukura zvavanotarisira panyaya dzechitendero, zvokudya, tsika, uye kurera vana.

Mafungiro Enzanga Norusaruro

Maonero anoita vanhu vakawanda nezvewanano dzezvitendero ndiwo anokanganisa mamiriro ezvinhu anogara vakaroorana, vanoshanda, uye vanova nemhuri.

Kugamuchira Kunopesana Nokufungira Mano Akaipa

Mumaguta akawanda, nzanga dzenyika, roorano dzezvitendero dzakabatanidzwa dzakagamuchirwa zvikuru uye kunyange kuchengetwa serudzi rwemhatsa. Nzvero dzinoitwa nemasangano akafanana nePew Research Center dzinoratidza kuti munyika dzokuMadokero, zvizvarwa zviduku zvinofara zvikuru neroorano dzezvitendero zvakasiyana - siyana kupfuura zvizvarwa zvakwegura. MuUnited States, nhamba yeroorano dzezvitendero zvakasiyana - siyana yakawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma mumakumi emakore apfuura, ne 39 muzana yevanhu vokuAmerica vakaroora kubvira muna 2010 vari mubatanidzwa wechitendero (Pew Research Center, 2015).

Zvisinei, vanhu vakaroorana vanopinda chechi imwe chete vangasafarirwa nevavakidzani vavo, vaanoshanda navo, kana kuti kunyange vasingazivikanwi.Munzanga dzinoramba dzichichinja kana kuti dzine utsinye, vangatarisana nokusada kugarisana nevamwe, uye muzviitiko zvakanyanyisa, kutyisidzirwa kana kuti chisimba. Nhaka yekurwisana kwechitendero kwenhau inogona kuita kuti vanhu vasavimbane. Somuenzaniso, kuroorana kwevaMuslim nevasiri vaMuslim mune dzimwe nyika kungaonekwa nokunyumwiswa kana kuti kuvengwa nokusawirirana nekusawirirana kwemagakava.

Vana veroorano dzakabatana muzvitendero vangatarisanawo nedenho dzechienzi. Vangabvunzwa kuti “Imi muri ani? ” uye vanganzwa vachimanikidzwa kusarudza zita rimwe. Zvikoro nenzanga zvingasabvumira vana vanobva muzvitendero zviviri, zvichivasiya vachienda kumazororo orudzidziso nemiitiro pasina nhungamiro yakajeka. Vabereki vanofanira kuita mhoteredzo yakajeka uye kushongedzera vana vavo nomutauro nechivimbo kuti vanzwisise nokuratidzira nhaka yavo.

Zvirango Zvokukunda Matambudziko

Pasinei nezvipingamupinyi, vakaroorana vanopinda zvitendero zvakasiyana vanogona kuvaka ukama hwakasimba, hunogutsa uye hunobatsira munzanga.

Kurukurirano Nezano

Vakaroorana vanofanira kugara vachikurukura nezvechitendero chavo, maererano nokusiyana kwezvitendero. Vanogona kuongorora mibvunzo yakadai seyokuti: Kutenda kwangu kunorevei kwandiri?

Vakaroorana vanogonawo kukurukura ukama hwemhuri. Vangaratidza kuti vangazivisa sei mhuri nezvewanano yavo, vangapindura sei pavanorambana, uye vangaisa sei miganhu. Dzimwe nguva, vachiunza chikamu chechitatu chepanzvimbo yacho, kufanana nemukuru wemhuri anoremekedzwa kana kuti mufundisi, vangabatsira.

Tsigiro Yenzanga Nokukurukurirana Kwezvitendero

Masangano epaIndaneti uye enzanga anopa zvivako zvakakotsekana kuti vataurirena zvakaitika uye mazano. Madare ekwazvinogara, akadai seInterfaithfaith Alliance kana kuti Paramende yeMarudzidziso Enyika, anowanzopa zvinhu uye zviitiko zvinofadza mhuri dzinobatana muzvitendero.

Nzanga dzorudzidziso dzimene dzinogona kuva dzinobatanidza zvikuru. Ungano dzinogona kugovera varoorani vanopinda zvitendero, kupa mapurogiramu avaviri emhuri, uye kurovedza vafundisi kutungamirira michato yamarudzi ose noruremekedzo. Apo vatungamiriri vomudzimu vanosimbisa pachena mibatanidzwa yamarudzidziso, inotumira shoko rine simba rokugamuchira. Acial Rights Trust namamwe masangano ekodzero dzavanhu anoreverera wirirano yapamutemo pasinei zvapo norudzidziso, uko kunobetsera kuderedza rusaruro.

Kungwarira uye Kungwarira Mumutemo

Kutsigira kuchinja kwapamutemo munyika umo roorano yezvitendero zvakaganhurirwa kana kuti kusaziva inharidzano yenguva refu. Masangano ekodzero dzavanhu amarudzi ose, akadai seUnited Nations Human Rights Committee, akasimbisa kodzero yokuroora ndokuwana mhuri isina rusaruro. Basa reNational neInternational NGOs rokunyora nhau dzorusaruro uye kumanikidza chinjo dzemitemo. Kuziva nhau uye mashoko kunogona kuchinja murangariro wavanhu vose.

Somuenzaniso, Human Rights Watch yakashuma nezvedambudziko revaroorani vanopinda zvitendero zvakasiyana - siyana munyika dzinoverengeka, ichisimbisa kudiwa kwokuchinja (Human Rights Watch, 2017). Mishumo yakadaro inodzidzisa vagadziri vemitemo uye vanhu vose.

mhedziso

Zvipingamupinyi izvi hazvikundiki kana zvichikurukurirana pachena, kuremekedzana, uye kutsigirana kwenzanga, kungava kupfuudzana. Kugamuchirana kwemasangano kunobatsira munhu wose nokusimudzira kunzwisisa, kuderedza rusaruro, uye kupfumisa tsika. Nyika zvayakabatana haisi nyaya yokungosarudza voga, uye kutsigira kubatana kwezvitendero. Kubatana kwezvitendero hakungovi danho rokuita kuti munhu wose ave munhu akarurama uye ane tsitsi.