Table of Contents

Basa reVice Purezidhendi mukunzvera denga rakachinja zvinoshamisa kubva pakuratidzika kwetsika kusvikira kunzvimbo dzoutungamiriri dzinoumba muitiro weAmerica nenhungamiro yeNASA. Kunzwisisa iyi mhindumupindu kunopa nzwisiso inokosha mukuumbwa nokuitwa kweUnited States nokuda kwokunzvera chisiko chose, kuvambira mumazuva apakuvamba enhangemutange yemudenga kusvikira kugadziriro dzanhasi dzinoda zvikuru nokuda kwezvirongwa zvemwedzi neMars.

Mavambo Okubatanidzwa Kwomutungamiriri Wenyika Panzvimbo Yendege

National Aeronautics and Space Council yakatangwa neNational Aeronautics and Space Act ya1958, yakatanga kudzorwa naPurezidhendi Dwight Eisenhower. Zvisinei, chivako ichi chekare chaizokurumidza kuchinja zvikuru zvaizorondedzera basa raPrezidhendi wePineral mumuchadenga kwemakumi emakore aitevera.

Asati atora nzvimbo sapurezidhendi, John F.Kennedy akapesvedzera Congress kuderedza Muitiro wacho kumubvumira kugadza muenzaniso wokugovera kuva sachigaro kweiyi dare kumutevedzeri wapurezidhendi wake, Lyndon B. Johnson. chisarudzo ichi chakabvumikisa kuva chinopfuura zvikuru chiito chokufananidzira chakadai sechinoitwa nevakuru vakuru veramangwana vaizotsvaka kusimudzira ukoshi hwokunzvera muchadenga mukati mebazu guru.

Lyndon Johnson: Mutungamiriri weHurumende Wokutanga Kutungamirira Kutsika Dzepanzvimbo

Purezidhendi Lyndon Johnson aizvipira kunhamburiko dzomuchadenga, uye somutungamiriri weDare naMutungamiriri weSaniheridhe, akanga abetsera zvikuru kugadza gadziriro yesangano yepurogiramu yomuchadenga, achiva chaizvoizvo aitarisira purogiramu yomunhu oga yechadenga apo Presidenti. Kubatanidzwa kwaJohnson kwakapfuura utarisiri hwokudzora; akanga ari mutsigiri ane mbavarira uyo akanzwisisa revo dzepasi rezvamatongerwe enyika dzokunzvera mhepo mukati menhambo yeHondo Yemashoko.

Kennedy akaisa Johnson, mutevedzeri wapurezidhendi wake, muutarisiri hwomunhu oga hwepurogiramu yenzvimbo yomuchadenga yorudzi, uye apo Johnson akava mukuru mukuru pashure pokuurawa kwaKennedy, akapfuurira kutsigira nharidzano dzepurogiramu yeApollo. Uku kupfuurira kwakaratidzira kuti kuvimbisa kwoMutungamiriri wePinegate kwaigona sei kuvimbisa kuterama munhambo refu dzenzvimbo kunyange mukati menhambo dzechinjo yezvamatongerwe enyika.

Chirevo chaJohnson sezvo vose vari vaviri Vice Purezidhendi naPrezidhendi gare gare vakaratidzira ukoshi hukuru hwetsigiro yavakuru vakuru yegadziriro dzenzvimbo dzinoorora. Kubatanidzwa kwake kukuru mupurogiramu yeApollo kwakabetsera kuchengeta simba mukati mamakore anodenha ama 1960, kunyange sezvo zvinotanga zvinokwikwidzana zvakafanana neVietnam War neGreat Society zvakamonyoroka bhajeti remari yomubatanidzwa.

Dare Repanzvimbo Yapasi reNational: Nguva Dzomubato Nokuneta

National Aeronautics and Space Council yakava nenhambo dzinoverengeka dzokuvapo nokuputsika munhau yose yeAmerica. Dare racho rakamiswa muna 1973 mukati moupurezidhendi hwaRichard M.Nixon, richiratidza chinjo mukushanda kwaiita muitiro wemuchadenga pamwero wevakuru vakuru.

Muna 1989, Purezidhendi George H. W. Bush akagadzazve dare reNational Space Council rakaitwa nenzira yakasiana nemirairo yavakuru vakuru, iro rakamiswa muna 1993 naPurezidhendi Bill Clinton. Mukati moudzori hweBush, dare rakadzoswa naMutungamiriri wePrezidhendi Dan Quayle, achiratidzira kudzokera kuMutungamiriri weSaniheguru weMuchadenga pashure pomukaha wamakore gumi namatanhatu.

Dare reQuayle rakaratidza kuti Vice Presidenti anogona kupesvedzera zvikuru panhungamiro yeNASA. Mutungamiriri mukuru wedare remuchadenga Quayle uye mukuru mukuru wedare akakumbira kuti abatsire mutungamiriri weWhite House mukukurudzira Purezidhendi Bush kubvisa Mutungamiriri we NASA Richard zvirokwazvo nokuti vaifunga kuti zvechokwadi vaizovhiringidza gadziriro itsva yokuvandudza nokufambisazve zvinhu zvakawanda zvepurogiramu yomuchadenga. Chiitiko ichi chakaratidzira zvose zviri zviviri simba negakava ringabvira riri muutarisiri hwaPrezidhesi wemumudenga.

Nguva Yazvino Uno: Vatungamiriri Vehurumende Sevatungamiriri Vemitemo Yendege

Pashure pokudokusvika chikamu chimwe chezvina chezana chouzivi hwokurambana, National Space Council yakamutsidzirwa muna 2017, kuchipinza nhambo itsva yokubatanidzwa kwaPurezidhendi Muduku mukunzvera muchadenga uko kunopfuurira kusvikira kuzuva rino.

Vice Prezidhendi Mike Pence uye Utarisiri hweTrump

Musi wa30 June 2017, Mutungamiriri wehurumende Donald Trump akasaina murayiro wevakuru vakuru wokugadzazve National Space Council, yaitungamirirwa naDerce Mike Pence. Uku kudzokororwa kwakaratidza kuzivikanwa kuti mutemo wemuchadenga waida kubatana kwemasangano ehurumende akawanda uye vamiririri vepanzvimbo dzehurumende.

National Space Council inoshanda sehofisi yokubudirira kwemitemo uye inotarisira nhau dzehurumende, dzezvokutengeserana, dzekotsekano yenyika, uye dzemitemo yepasi pose, dzinoumbwa nemitezo yeboka rehurumende uye dzinotsigirwa neVashandisi, uye dzinodzorwa nemutevedzeri wapurezidhendi weUnited States.

Vice Purezidhendi Pence akaunza mbavarira yomunhu oga. Mumashoko ake paLangley Research Center yeNASA, akagoverana kuti apo Purezidhendi Trump akamukumbira kuti ave mutungamiriri wedare, Pence haana kuzivisa nokukurumidza chishuvo chake choupenyu hwose chokunzvera muchadenga, achiyeuka ndangariro dzouhwana dzokutarira Pollo mwedzi uchidzika paterevhizheni.

Pashure pokuvazve kwenzvimbo yayo, dare rakasangana kokutanga musi waOctober 5, 2017, paSmithsonian National Air and Space Museum yeSteven F. Udvar-Hazy Center and Space Museum muChantilly, Virginia. Mumakore akatevera, dare raizosangana nguva dzose kuti ripedze nhau dzemitemo yemuchadenga.

Chirongwa chaDhiana Nokudzokazve Kwenyika

Chimwe chemiuyo inokosha zvikurusa youtungamiriri hwaPurezidhendi Pence chakanga chiri fambiro mberi yepurogiramu yokudzoka kwomwedzi weNASA. Pana December 11, 2017, Purezidhendi Trump akasaina Space Policy Direcide 1, chinjo mutsika yenyika yemuchadenga iyo inopa gadziriro yeU.S. yakabatanidzwa neboka ravanhu nokuda kwokudzokera munhu kuMoon, inoteverwa namabasa kuMars nokunze.

Musi waDecember 9, 2020, musangano wechi8 nowokupedzisira weWhite House Space Council uchitungamirirwa naPrezidhendi Mike Pence panguva iyoyo wakaitwa paKennedy Space Center, uye zviziviso zvikuru zvaisanganisira National Space Policy uye kuzivikanwa kwevane NASA 18 vaiongorora Artemis Team.

Chirongwa cheDhiana, chakatumidzwa zita ramwarikadzi wechiGiriki uye mapatya aApollo, chinomirira chirongwa cheNASA chokudzorera vanhu kumwedzi uye kutanga kuvapo kunotsigirwa ikoko. Mutungamiriri wehurumende Pence aitsigira chirongwa ichi aisanganisira kuronga nguva dzinoda kuitirwa utsinye uye kutsigira hurumende.

Pamisangano yeNational Space Council, Pence akasimbisa kukosha kwokubatana kwevoruzhinji kuti vazadzike zvinangwa izvi. Akasimbisa kuti makambani ezvokutengeserana aizoita sei basa rakakura mukuongorora zvinhu zviri muchadenga, hurumende ichibatira somubiyayo nomutengi panzvimbo pokuva mushandisi bedzi wemibato yomuchadenga.

Vice Prezidhendi Kamara Harris uye Utarisiri Hwezvikebini

Vatarisiri veBiden vakapfuuridzira muitiro woMutungamiriri weSangano rePurezidhendi wePurezial wemuchadenga. National Space Council idare remiitiro yeWhite House rine mutoro wokuvimbisa United States mikana mipfumi inopiwa nemibato yokufamba muchadenga yorudzi rwedu, uye muutungamiriri hwechigaro chayo, Mutungamiriri wePurezidhendi Kamara Harris, NSPC anopa zano uye anobetsera Purezidhendi pakukura nokuitwa kwomuitiro womuchadenga.

Achigarwa naMutungamiriri weHurumende Kamara Harris, basa redare racho nderokurayira Purezidhendi pamusoro pomuitiro wenyika womuchadenga nemazano, uye kuvimbisa United States kuti inoshandisa mikana inopiwa nemibato yomuchadenga yenyika.

Vice Purezidhendi Harris akarondedzerwa naMutungamiriri weNASA Bill Nelson a "nzvimbo aficionado" uye akaratidzira kuzvipira kukufambira mberi kwenhungamiro yemuchadenga weUnited States. Maitiro ake akasimbisa batira pamwe yamarudzi ose, sayenzi yemamiriro okunze, uye kuvimbisa mhatsa muvashandi vomuchadenga.

Pasi poutungamiriri hwake, National Space Council yakaita misangano yakawanda ichitaura nezvemativi akasiyana - siyana omuitiro wokufamba muchadenga. PaChitatu, December 20, Mutungamiriri weSangano Kamara Harris akaisa pachigaro musangano weNational Space Council yeUnited States, wechitatu weDare kuti riitwe mukati meBiden-Harris Administration, achinangidzira ngwariro pahubatanidzwa hwamarudzi ose.

Mitoro Mikuru Nemibato Yavatungamiriri Vehurumende Vazvino Uno Mumutemo Wenzvimbo Yapasi

Kugara Mudare reNational Space Council

Basa guru reVice Prezidhendi wemuchadenga nderokutungamirira National Space Council. Chinzvimbo ichi chinosanganisira kubatanidza vakuru vakuru vehurumende, vatungamiriri veNASA, vatungamiriri vemauto ehondo, uye vamiririri vemaindasitiri ezvokutengeserana kuti varonge mabasa okugadzira zvinhu muAmerica mumativi ose.

Basa reNational Space Council nderokuzivisa purezidhendi pamusoro pomuitiro negadziriro zvenyika, uye kuhwirudzura nharidzano dzakarongeka dzenyika nokuda kwemibato yemuchadenga, uye dare rinobatanidza vatungamiriri vehurumende kubva muzvose zviri zviviri zvirongwa zvomuchadenga nezviuto.

Iyi misangano inobatira senzvimbo dzokuzivisa nhano huru dzemiitiro, hwirudzura fambiro mberi pamapurogiramu aripo, uye kupedza denho dziri kubuda mukunzvera muchadenga nokushandisa. Utungamiriri hweVice Purezidhendi hunovimbisa kuti muitiro womuchadenga unogamuchira ngwariro pamwero yakakwirira zvikurusa yehurumende.

Kusimudzira Kushandira Pamwe Kwenyika Dzose

Vatungamiriri vehurumende vemazuva ano vakasimbisa kukosha kweukama hwemarudzi akawanda mukuongorora muchadenga.

Nyika dzakadai seCanada, Japan, uye nhengo dzeEuropean Space Agency dziri kugovera zvinhu zvinoda kuongororwa uye unyanzvi nokuda kwokuongorora mwedzi, zvichiratidza kuti utungamiriri hwaPrezidhendi mukuru hunogona sei kuita kuti nyika yose ishande zvakanaka.

Kutsigira Nasa Fund and Resources

Vatungamiriri veMapiyona vanoita basa rinokosha mukutsigira bhajeti yeNASA mudare rehurumende uye reVakokorodzani. Tsigiro yavo yepamusoro inogona kubatsira kuchengetedza mari nokuda kwezvirongwa zvine chinzvimbo zvinoda mari kwemakore akawanda.

Paikurukurwa nezvesangano reTrump pamisangano yeNational Space Council yaisanganisira zvikarakadzo zvemari ye NASA.

Kubatana Nemahofisi eNASA Nevashandi

Mapic Purezidhendi anoshanyira nguva dzose zvivako zveNASA munyika yose, kusangana namasayendisiti, mainjiniya, vafambi vemudenga, uye vashandi vanotsigira. Kushanya uku kunoshanda mumabasa akawanda: zvinosimudzira tsika, zvinoratidza kutsigira basa reNASA kwemadaro akakwirira, uye zvinobvumira Vice Presidentis kuti azviwanire rondedzero yakananga papurogiramu.

Mutungamiriri wehurumende Pence akaita shanyo dzakawanda kunzvimbo dzeNASA, kubatanidza Kennedy Space Center, Marshall Space Flight Center, uye Johnson Space Center.

Nenzira yakafanana, Vice Prezidhendi Harris akashanyira zvivako zveNASA, kubatanidza Goddard Space Flight Center, uko akanzvera mifananidzo yesatellite ndokudzidza pamusoro pemishoni yeSayenzi yePasi iyo inonzvera chinjo yomugariro wokunze nemigariro yemhoteredzo.

Kuronga Zvinangwa Nenguva

Mapurezidhendi anobatsira anoshandisa chikuva chavo kuzivisa zvinangwa zvakasimba zvinonyandura NASA nenzanga yemuchadenga. Nguva idzi dzokuronga zvinhu dzinogona kuva netapuro huru pakuronga purogiramu uye kugoverwa kwezvinhu.

Pamusangano wechishanu weNational Space Council muna March 2019, Purezidhendi Pence akazivisa nguva inokurumidza yokudzoka kwevanoongorora nyeredzi pamwedzi, achidenha NASA kuti ibudirire pakazosvika 2024.

Kuona Zvikuru Kuitwa Kwenzvimbo Dzebhizimisi

Upfumi hwezvinhu zvomuchadenga hwazvino uno hunowedzera kubatanidza makambani ehurumende, uye Mapurezidhendi eVamiririri vehurumende akaita mabasa anokosha mukusimudzira mabasa okutengesa muchadenga.

National Space Council pasi pavose vari vaviri Purezidhendi Pence naHarris yakabatanidza vamiriri vanobva mumakambani makuru endege namavambo enzvimbo anobva.uku kuvimbisa kunobetsera kutsigira muitiro wehurumende wokutenderera zvinhu panzvimbo pokudzivisa kutangwa kwezvokutengeserana.

Kutanga Kudzora Mitemo Kunoumbwa Noutungamiriri Hwavatungamiriri Vehurumende

Nhungamiro Dzemitemo Yenzvimbo

Mukati moutarisiri hweTrump, National Space Council yakatanga mabasa akawanda eSpace Policy Direcides ayo akaumba zvikurukuru mibato yemuchadenga yeU.S. iyi mirau yakakurukura kunzvera muchadenga kwavanhu, muganhu wezvokutengeserana muchadenga, kutarisirwa kwezvinofamba muchadenga, uye dzimwe nhau dzinokosha.

Space Policy Directive 1 yakanangidzirazve NASA pakunzvera vanhu kupfuura kutenderera kwakaderera kwaPasi, ichisimbisa kudzoka kwomwedzi sedombo rokutsika kuMars. Space Policy Directive-3 yakatanga muitiro wokutanga unobatanidza zvose pagadziriro yokufamba muchadenga, ichinangidzira denho iri kukura yetsvina inotenderera nokushanda kwezvitundu musere.

Mirayiridzo iyi yakaratidza kuti Mutungamiriri weNational Space Council aigona sei kuita kuti pave nemigumisiro chaiyo inotungamirira masangano ehurumende uye yaizotarisira vanhu.

Dhiana Anobvumirana Nayo

Atemisi Applications inomiririra kufambira mberi kwehurumende, kuronga mitemo yokuongorora zvinhu zviri muchadenga zvine rugare uye zvinoshanda pamwe chete, inopa hurukuro dzakadai sokuita kuti zvinhu zvionekwe zviri muchadenga, kushanda pamwe chete, kubatsirana kwemamiriro ezvinhu okukurumidzira, kunyoresa zvinhu zviri muchadenga, uye kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvomuchadenga.

Kuzvipira uku kuri kuitwa munyika dzakawanda kunobatsira kuti kuongorora mwedzi kuenderere mberi kunobatsira nyika dzakawanda dzichichengeta utungamiriri hweAmerica.

Kugadzirwa Kwezvinhu Zvinoshandiswa Pakugadzira Zvinhu

Pamusangano weNational Space Council, Vice Prezidhendi Harris akazivisa kubudiswa kwe “Novel Space Activities Impriving and Superforence Office, ” yakaitirwa kutanga zviito Bhazi Rine Simba Rinodzora richashandira kushandisa, izvo zvichava zvinotsinhirana kuzviremera zvemitemo zvinonzwisisa zvikuru zvakagoverwa nomutemo.

Iyi gadziriro inokurukura denho yokudzora marudzi matsva emibato yemuchadenga inotengesa isingawirirani zvakanaka nemapoka azvino uno. Sezvo makambani avanhu oga anoronda zvirongwa zvitsva zvakadai sokugadzira muchadenga, kushanyira nyika dzomuchadenga, uye mugodhi wemaasteroid, gadziriro dzakajeka dzinova dzinokosha.

Muitiro Wokushandisa Matura Panzvimbo

Vatarisiri veTrump vakabudisa murairo mukuru pamusoro pokushandiswa kwamanyuko okugadzira zvinhu muchadenga, vachiita muitiro weU.S. pamusoro pokunaya nokushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zviri kunze kwechadenga. Uyu muitiro unotsigira nhamburiko dzezvokutengeserana kubudisa nokushandisa zvinhu zvinobva kumwedzi, masteroid, uye mimwe mitumbi yomuchadenga, uchigovera kujeka kwapamutemo nokuda kwamakambani anoisa mari muidzi ruzivo rwamakemikoro.

Vice Prezidhendi weuyu muitiro wakabetsera kukurira kudzivisa kwehurumende neitiro hanya dzamarudzi ose, kugadza gadziriro inodzikamisa fariro dzezvokutengeserana nemisengwa yamarudzi ose pasi peOuter Space Treaty.

Kutapura Kunoita Mubatanidzwa Wapurezidhendi Wehurumende Papurogiramu dzeNASA

Kukura Kwegadziriro Kunokurumidza

Ngwariro yeSangano raMapiona reNhengo yaMakurukota yakakwirira inogona kukurumidzisa kukura kwepurogiramu kupfurikidza nokuderedza kupfurikidza nemhinganidzo dzehurumende uye kuva nechokwadi chepfuma yakakwana. Apo Mutungamiriri weSangano weSangano pachake anotsigira purogiramu, inoratidzira kumasangano ose ehurumende kuti kutanga ndiko kunokosha kunofanirwa netsigiro.

Chirongwa chaAtemisi chakabatsirwa nourongwa uhwu hune simba, uye Purezidhendi Pence aiita basa rokudzora basa rake akabatsira kuti mari iwane, atsigire vamwe, uye kuti pave nemamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika anobudirira kunyange sezvo zvinetso zvounyanzvi zvakamuka.

Kuzivisa Vanhu Uye Kutsigira

Kana Mutungamiriri wehurumende akataura nezvemabasa okuongorora zvinhu muchadenga, zvinofarirwa nevanhu vakawanda uye zvingasaitwa neNASA chete.

Uku kuvimbisana kwapachena kunobatira madonzo akawanda: kunovaka tsigiro yokushandisa mari kunopfuuridzirwa mukunzvera muchadenga, kunosunda vanhu vaduku kuronda mabasa musayenzi nouinjiniya, uye kunosimbisa kuzivikanwa kweAmerica sorudzi runofamba muchadenga.

Kupindirana Kunoenderera Mberi

Mibato yenzvimbo dzomuchadenga inobatanidza masangano ehurumende akawanda ari kunze kweNASA, kubatanidza Department of Defense, Department of Commerce, Department of State, uye masangano akachenjera. Nzvimbo yaPrezidhendi weSangano rinobvumira kushandira pamwe mumasangano aya pamwero wakakwirira zvikurusa.

National Space Council inounganidza vatungamiriri vanobva kumasangano aya ose, ichivimbisa kuti zvinhu zvehurumende, zvezvokutengeserana, zvorudzi, uye zvehurumende zvinopindirana.

Kutsigira Kufambira Mberi Kwevashandi

Mapurezidhendi anotarisira basa akaisa pfungwa panzvimbo yawo kuti aratidze kukosha kwokusimudzira chizvarwa chinotevera chenyanzvi dzezvomuchadenga, zvinosanganisira kutsigira zvirongwa zvedzidzo zveSTEM, kusimudzira kusiyana - siyana kwevashandi vanoshanda muchadenga, uye kusimbisa mikana yemabasa anoitwa muchadenga.

Nokushanyira mayunivhesiti, kutaura pazviitiko zvemaindasitiri endege, uye kusangana nevadzidzi, Mapurezidhendi anobatsira vechiduku kuti vatsvake mabasa achatsigira utungamiriri hweAmerica mumakumi emakore anotevera.

Zvinetso Nenharo Muutungamiriri Hwechigaro Choutungamiriri Hwenzvimbo Hukuru

Kudzikamisa Kuda Kuziva Zvinhu Nezvazvakaiitika

Somuenzaniso, chiziviso chekuchinja nguva kwemwedzi nemwedzi chairatidza kuti chinangwa chehurumende uye chokugadzira zvinhu zvemagetsi zvinoshanda zvakanaka, chakakonzera kurwisana pakati pezvinangwa zvematongerwo enyika nemabasa euinjiniya.

Mainjiniya nemaneja eNASA vanofanira kudzikamisa nhungamiro dzaPrezidhendi wePurezidhendi neganhuriro dzounyanzvi, ganhuriro dzemari, uye zvinodikanwa zvokuchengetedzwa.Izvi zvinogona kuparira dzvinyiriro inobudirira yokuvandudza asi zvinogonawo kutungamirira kukariro dzisiri dzechokwadi kana dzikasatarisirwa nokungwarira.

Kuramba Wakabatana Kupfuura Kutarisira

Kunyange zvazvo mutungamiriri weSanihenzi chaPurezidhendi achitsigira kuenderera mberi kwepurogiramu huru dzakadai seDhiana, kuchinja kwemashandiro enzvimbo kunogona kuita kuti zvinhu zvitange kukosheswa uye zvinyanye kukosheswa.

Kuchinja kubva kuTrump kuenda kuBiden kwakaratidza kupfuurira kwakasimba zvikuru mumuitiro wemuchadenga, nedzose dziri mbiri shoo dzinotsigira kunzvera mwedzi nepurogiramu yaDhiana. Zvisinei, misiano yakatanga munharaunda dzakadai sesayenzi yemamiriro okunze nebatira pamwe yenyika yose, zvichiratidzira zvinhu zvikuru zvokutanga zvehurumende imwe neimwe.

Kutarisira Kuunganidza Zvinhu Zvokutanga

Kunyange zvazvo vamwe Vatungamiriri vehurumende vakadai saPence naHarris vakaratidza kufarira kwazvo kuongorora zvinhu zviri muchadenga, vanokwanisawo kuongorora mitemo yomumba, zvinhu zvisiri zvomunyika iyoyo, uye dzimwe nyaya dzinokosha.

Denho ndeyokuva nechokwadi chokuti muitiro wokufamba muchadenga unogamuchira ngwariro yakakwana pasina kuregeredza dzimwe nharaunda dzinokosha. Kuvakwa kweNational Space Council kunobetsera kupfurikidza nokuita misangano yenguva dzose nemiitiro inochengeta muitiro wemuchadenga papurogiramu yaPurezidhendi.

Nguva Yemberi Yokubatanidzwa Kwapurezidhendi Wenyika Munzvero Yechadenga

Zvinetso Zvinovapo Panzvimbo Yendege

Vatungamiriri vehurumende veramangwana vachatarisana nezvinetso zvitsva sezvo mabasa okugadzira zvinhu achawedzera uye achiwedzera, zvinosanganisira kuronga kuwanda kuri kuwedzera kwemikoto inotenderera Pasi, kudzora mabasa okutengesa akadai sokushanyira nzvimbo dzomuchadenga uye kugadzira zvinhu, kugadzirisa zvinhu zvakaraswa muchadenga, uye kukwikwidzana munyika dzakawanda.

Kubatanidzwa kuri kuwedzera kwenyika dzakadai seChina neIndia mukunzvera muchadenga, pamwe chete nokumuka kwamarudzi matsva anotenderera muchadenga, kuchada kuvimbisana kwounyanzvi kwamasangano.Vatungamiriri Vehurumende vachaita mabasa makuru mukuvaka mibatanidzwa yamarudzi ose uye kutanga miitiro yokuzvibata kwokungwarira muchadenga.

Sayenzi Yemamiriro Okunze Nekucherechedza Pasi

Sayenzi yeNASA yeNyika inogovera mashoko anokosha nokuda kwokunzwisisa kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze nemamiriro emhoteredzo. Mapiona ari kusimbisa zvikuru kushandiswa uku kworuzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu muchadenga, achiziva kuti masatellite anoita mabasa anokosha mukudzora utano hwepasi redu.

Mutungamiriri wePurezidhendi achazotungamirira mamiriro ezvinhu epanguva yemberi acharamba achitsigira kubatana kwepasi rino rakavakwa muchadenga nokuchinja kwemamiriro okunze, kuparadzwa kwenjodzi, uye kudzivirira mhoteredzo.

Kunzvera Nzvimbo Yakadzika

Sezvo NASA inopfuurira kuronda nharidzano dzinowedzera kuva nevavariro dzinoda kutsigirwa nemwedzi — kubva kumipimo inotsigirwa nemwedzi kusvikira kumishoni yavanhu kuMars·Vice Prezidential ichava inokosha nokuda kwokuchengeta musengwa wenguva refu unodikanwa neidzi nhamburiko.

Mapurezidhendi anobetsera achada kutaura zviono zvinogombedzera nokuda kwechikonzero nei iyi mibato ichikosha, vachivaka tsigiro yavose neyamasangano nokuda kwepfuma huru inodikanwa.

Chengeteko Yenzvimbo Yapasi Nedziviriro

Kutangwa kweGuta rePlace reU.S. nokuzivikanwa kuri kukura kwenzvimbo yerwisano ingabvira kunoparira mativi matsva nokuda kwokuvimbisana kwaPurezidhendi weSangano rePurezidhendi. National Space Council inobatanidza mibato yekotsekano yenzvimbo yekotsekano yorudzi, ichida kuti Mapiona aVatungamiriri venyika vawirirane pakati pegadziriro dzenzvimbo yehondo nedzehondo.

Vatungamiriri Vezvinhu Venguva yemberi vachafanira kudzikamisa kuongorora nzvimbo kune rugare nezvinonetsa kuchengeteka, vachivimbisa kuti America inogona kudzivirira zvinhu zvayo zviri muchadenga asi ichisimudzira kushandira pamwe kwenyika dzakawanda.

Kudyidzana Kwemari Panzvimbo Yebhizimisi

Mapurezidhendi Anotungamirira Ehurumende achaita mabasa anokosha mukuumba gadziriro dzokugadzira zvinhu dzinoita kuti zvinhu zvive zvitsva asi achichengetedza kuchengeteka uye kudzivirira kufarira kwevanhu.

Izvi zvinosanganisira kupindura mibvunzo pamusoro pekodzero dzezvinhu muchadenga, kutadza kuita mabasa omuchadenga, uye kukamukana kwakakodzera kwemabasa anoitwa nehurumende nevanhu vari voga mukuongorora zviri muchadenga.

Zvatinodzidza Muutungamiriri Hwehurumende Hwokutungamirira Nzvimbo Yapasi

Kukosha Kwoufundisi Hunoyera

Nhau yokubatanidzwa kwaPurezidhendi wePurezidhendi mumuitiro wokudenga inoratidzira kuti nhau dzenzvimbo yakakwirira yezvamatongerwe enyika. Programu dzinogamuchira ngwariro yaPurezidhendi inokombamira kukuwana mari iri nani, kuwana batira pamwe huru zvikuru, uye kuchengeta simba kupfurikidza nokuchinja kwezvamatongerwe enyika.

Iyi dzidzo inokosha zvikurukuru nokuda kwepurogiramu dzenhambo refu idzo dzinoda kuzvipira kwakasimba kupfuura nguva imwe youpurezidhendi. Mutambo weSanihe sepresidenti unobetsera kudzivirira mapurogiramu kubva kudzvinyiriro dzenguva pfupi dzezvamatongerwe enyika.

Kukosha Kwokuita Chibvumirano Chemunhu Oga

Mapurezidhendi anotarisira anoratidzira fariro yomunhu oga yechokwadi mukunzvera muchadenga — kufanana naJohnson, Pence, uye Harris(henten achiva vatsigiri vanobudirira zvikuru. mbavarira yavo inotapukira, inonyandura vashandi veNASA, inobatanidza vanhu, uye vanopanikira vanopwisa ukoshi hwokunzvera muchadenga.

Kuvimbisana kunovakawo ukama nevanotungamirira zvinhu zvikuru, kubvira pautungamiriri hweNASA kusvika kuvakuru vakuru vezvokutengeserana kusvika kune vanoshanda pamwe chete munyika dzakawanda.

Kudikanwa Kwetsigiro yeBipartisa

Kuongorora nzvimbo kwave kuchitsigirwa kare nebhiparti, uye Mapurezidhendi anotsigira akabuda mumativi ose ari maviri akatsigira nhano dzeNASA. iyi tsika yebipartis inobetsera kuvimbisa kupfuurira mupurogiramu dzechadenga uye inovaka mibatanidzwa mikuru yezvamatongerwe enyika iri madikanwa nokuda kwokushandisa mari kwenguva refu.

Vatungamiriri vehurumende veramangwana vanofanira kuramba vachitsigira kuongorora muchadenga, vachisimbisa zvinhu zvakafanana zvakadai sokuwana zvinhu zvesayenzi, kutanga ruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu, uye mukurumbira wenyika kupfuura kupesana.

Revo Yakawanda Yokutungamirira Mutungamiriri Wenzvimbo Yapasi Kwavatungamiriri Vamapikicha

Zviratidzo uye Kuzivikanwa Kwerudzi

Mutungamiriri wehurumende paanoona chidhindo chinodhindwa nemuchina kana kuti paanozivisa kuti pane chimwe chinhu chitsva chinoitwa muchadenga, anosimbisa kuongorora muchadenga sechinhu chikuru uye chinonyanya kukonzera kudada.

Zvinhu zvokufananidzira izvi zvinobatsira kuti vanhu varambe vachitsigirwa uye vachikurudzirwa nezvizvarwa zvomunguva yemberi. Kuongorora nzvimbo inomirira zvishuvo zvevanhu zvokuda kuziva zvinhu zvakawanda ($(whanger, ungwaru, uye kutsunga kupfuudza miganhu inozivikanwa). Kuvimbisa kuva Mutungamiriri wehurumende kunobatsira kuita kuti zvinangwa izvi zvirambe zviripo munyika yose.

Utungamiriri Hwenyika Dzose uye Musungo

Purogiramu yomuchadenga weAmerica yave iri manyuko omukurumbira wamarudzi ose nesimba rakapfava. Mutungamiriri weSangano reSangano remitemo yemuchadenga kunyika kuti United States inoramba yakazvipira kukunzvera muchadenga noutungamiriri hweruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu.

Vatungamiriri vehurumende vanobatsira kuti nyika dzeAmerica dzive shamwari yesangano renyika yose pakushanda pamwe chete ukuwo vachichengetedza makwikwi anodiwa kuti pave noutungamiriri hunoramba huchienderera mberi.

Betsero Dzemari Nedzeruzivo Rwokugadzira Zvinhu

Kuongorora nzvimbo kunobatsira kuti pave nokugadzirwa kwezvinhu nokushandisa zvinhu zvinopfuura kure muchadenga.

Mutungamiriri wehurumende anobatsira kuti pave nemari inoshandiswa pakuongorora zvinhu zvomuchadenga inoramba ichiitwa neInjini dzevane NASA uye mabasa okutengesa, Mutungamiriri wehurumende anotsigira zvinhu zvipenyu nemhoteredzo yazvo zvinoita kuti zvinhu zviwedzere, mabasa anobatsira pakugadzira zvinhu, uye kubudirira kwekugadzira zvinhu.

Kupedzisa: Kukosha Kusingaperi Kwoutungamiriri Hwepasi Hwepanzvimbo Yapasi

Mhindumupindu yebasa raPurezidhendi weSangano muutaridzi hwemuchadenga () kubva kuutungamiriri hwoupiona hwaLyndon Johnson muma 1960 kupfurikidza neNational Space Council yazvino uno pasi poMutungamiriri weSangano Pence naHarris(w) inoratidzira ukoshi husingagumi hwekubatanidzwa kwebato rezvamatongerwe enyika repachinhare chakakwirira mumuitiro wokudenga.

Mapurezidhendi anobetsera anounza mano echienzi kuutungamiriri hwomuchadenga: chiremera chezvamatongerwe enyika chokutsinhirana mumasangano ehurumende, kuoneka kwokushandisa nzanga ndokuvaka tsigiro, kumira kwemibatanidzwa yamarudzi ose, uye ngwariro yaidikanwa nokuda kwepurogiramu dzenguva refu.

Sezvo vanhu vari pedyo nokupinda munguva itsva mukuongorora muchadenga, (8) nezvirongwa zvokufamba kwemwedzi, kuenda kuMars, uye upfumi hwenzvimbo dzinotengeswa zvinhu huri kuwedzera kukura — utungamiriri hwehurumende hweVenice huchava hunokosha zvikuru kupfuura nakare kose.

Kubatanidzwa kwaPurezidhendi weSangano mukunzvera muchadenga kunomirira zvinopfuura utarisiri hwokudzora kana kuti zvifananidzo zvamatongerwe enyika. Kunobatanidza kuzvipira kweAmerica kusunda miganhu yezivo yavanhu namano, kuchengeta utungamiriri musayenzi noruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu, uye kukurudzira zvizvarwa zvomunguva yemberi kusvika nyeredzi.

Kana vachipa hurukuro pamisangano yeNational Space Council, vachishanyira nzvimbo dzeNASA, vachizivisa nhano itsva, kana kuti vachimirira purogiramu yomuchadenga cheAmerica pachikuva chenyika, Mapic Purezidhendi anoita basa risingatongotsiviki mukuvimbisa kuti kunzvera denga ikoko kunoramba kuri chinhu chikuru chenyika. Utungamiriri hwavo hunobetsera kushandura sundo yavanhu isingazivikanwi nguva dzose kuti vaongorore mapurogiramu akakotsekana, mitemo, uye zviitwa izvo zvinowedzera kuvapo kwedu muchisiko chose chose chose chose.

Nokuda kwaavo vanofarira kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pepurogiramu dzazvino dzeNASA nezvirongwa, shanyira pawebsite yeNASA . Kunzvera nhau yegadziriro yemuchadenga weAmerica, Planetary Society [[ inopa zviteshi zvikuru nenzvero. Space.com inogovera kufukidza kunopfuurira kwenhau dzokunzvera muchadenga nezvinoitika.

Sezvatinotarira remangwana, kubatana kwehofisi yaPurezidhendi weSanihedrini neNASA kuchapfuurira kuumba rwendo rweAmerica rwokuenda muchadenga, kuchiita kuti United States irambe iri pamberi pechiitiko chikuru kwazvo chavanhu, chinonzi “kuongorora nzvimbo yokupedzisira. ”