Vavhoti vaduku (avo vane makore 18 kusvikira ku 29) vane bviro yokuvhotazve pamutemo, bva ivo nguva dzose vanovhota pamwero wakaderera pakati pamasangano makuru. Maererano neU.S. Censues Bureau, muvhoti pakati pa 18-24 yegore. apo vaduku vanovhota, vanounza mirangariro mitsva panhau dzakafanana nenjo dzemamiriro okunze anenge 51%, chikwereti chedzimba, asi maruramiro akakwirira zvikuru mumakumi azvino uno uno uno uno uno uno unowana nguva duku inopfuudzwa namakore 76% pakati pa655 nemukuru. Zvikarovi izvi hazvisi bedzi nokuda kwemigumisiro yechisarudzo choutano hwedemocracy. Apo vechiduku vanovhota, vanounza mirangariro mitsva panhau mitsva, chikwereti chemari inopfumba, uye kodzero dzehurumende yehurumende inopfuvura nguva refu nokuda kwokuva vaduku.

Kunzwisisa Kukosha Kwokutamba Mutambo Wechiduku

Nhamba yavagari vemo 1829 haisati iri yenziyo imwe chete, asi inogoverana mavara anoverengeka anoita kuvimbisana kwayo kuva kunonyanyooma zvikuru. Vavhoti vaduku vanotapurwa zvikuru nezvisarudzo zvinoitwa nhasi. Kubva pamwero yemhindu pamitero yavadzidzi kumitero yetsika dzemamiriro okunze. Nhamba dzinopfuudzwa mudariro dzenzvimbo dzinosarudzwa. Nzvero kubva kuCentre for Information & Research on CBIVING and Scementmentmentmentation (CIRCIREment) paTufts University inoratidza kuti apo pwere inotendeuka, mira mugumisiro kunhau idzo dzinovaita, sedare retsoro retsoro, utsotsi, uye kugadziridza kuvhotera. Uyezve, vaduku vanowana mukana mukuru wokushandisa munzanga semanyuko emashoko ezvamatongerwe enyika, vachiaita mukana wokuva nomumhindere nokuda kwebasa ramagariro.

Kutapura Kwokumhanya - mhanya Kwomutambo Muduku

Apo vanhu vaduku vanovhota, miuyo inotambanukira kupfuura usiku hwesarudzo. Pwere huru inogona kutungamirira kwairi:

  • Muitiro mukuru zvikuru: Madanho uye manyuko ane bviro huru yokutaura nezvemari yedzidzo, zvirongwa zvebasa, uye mirau yemhoteredzo apo pwere dzinopa zviratidzo izvo idzi nhau dzine chokuita nazvo.
  • Tsika dzenguva refu: Kudanidzira mune rimwe sarudzo kunofanotaura zvakasimba kuvhota murunotevera. Muduku anokanda bhoti pakati penhambo kana kuti mujaho wapurezidhendi ari kugadza mutoo unogona kugara kwoupenyu hwose.
  • Kuzvidavirira kuvakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa: Vaduku avo vanosarudza vanova vatsigiri avo vezvamatongerwe enyika vanofanira kurangarira, kuchitungamirira kugadziriro dzakawanda dzinobatanidza mitemo.
  • Pesvedzero yechizvarwa: Vavhoti vaduku kazhinji kazhinji vanonyandura vabereki, vakoma, uye vaenzani kuvhota, kuchiparira tapuro inosimbisa kubuda kwose.

Zvipingamupinyi Zvokuita Basa Revaduku

Pasinei nokubatsirwa kwazvinoitwa, vechiduku vakawanda vanosangana nezvipingamupinyi zvikuru pavanenge vachiedza kuvhota.

  • Nyongano yokunyoresa: Vavhoti vazhinji venguva yokutanga havazivi nzira yokunyoresa nayo, apo miganhu inoitika, kana kuti kana kunyoresa kwavo kwagamuchirwa. Mumitemo ine mitemo yeID yorumano, chinodikanwa kupa rezinesi romutyairi kana kuti imwe id yehurumende chinogona kuva chinovhundutsa zvikuru nokuda kwavadzidzi vekoreji vanogara kure nemisha.
  • Mazita: Vanhu vaduku kazhinji kazhinji vanonzwa vakaparadzaniswa nenhau dzezvematongerwe enyika kana kuti vanodavira kuti vhoti yavo haisati iri chinhu, uye kuti murangariro unonyandurwa nokuparadzaniswa uye kuvimba kwakaderera mumasangano.
  • Kushaikwa nokusavapo: Vadzidzi vekoreji vanowanzofamba pakati petaundi rokumusha kwavo nechikoro, vachiparira nyongano pamusoro penzvimbo yokunyoresa nokuvhota. Zvikumbiro zvebhuresi neganhuriro zvinowedzera rumwe rumano.
  • Purogiramu yemibatanidzwa: Sarudzo dzinoitwa paChipiri, zvinorwisana nekirasi, basa, uye mibato yapashure pechikoro. Mitsetse mirefu nemaawa okuvhota akakurumidza kuganhurirwa zvinotapura zvikuru vavhoti vaduku vane zvirongwa zvakaoma.
  • [[FLT: 0] MISformation: Masangano enhau anowanzoparadzira kutaura kwenhema pamusoro pezvinodikanwa zvokuvhota, kunzvera nzvimbo dzinovharwa, kana kuti miganhu, kupfuurira kuodza mwoyo.

Zvirongwa Zvokuwedzera Kugadzira Zvokufambisa Zviduku

Hapana mhinduro imwe chete ichakurira mhinganidzo dzose, asi mazano akarongeka anogona kuwedzera zvikuru kutora rutivi kwepwere.Pazasi pane nzira dzinobvumikiswa dzinoshandiswa namapoka evafundisi, masangano edzidzo, uye nhimbe dzezvamatongerwe enyika.

1. Kuedza Kudzidzisa uye Kungwarira

Vanhu vaduku vanofanira kuziva kwete bedzi [ nzira yokuvhota asi [ nhau dzavo dzokuvhota. Nhimbe dzinobudirira dzinonangidzira ngwariro pa:

  • Kuzara kwezvinobudisa nhau: Platforms dzakafanana neIstagram, TikTok, uye YouTube ndedziyo uko pwere dzakatopedza zviri mukati. Hushoma, mavhidhiyo anogoverwa anorondedzera nhano dzokunyoresa kana kuti nzvimbo dzevamiririri (zvikurukuru kubva kuvagadziri vadzokorori). Masangano akafanana naRock Vote aona budiriro nepesvedzero inoiswa muvhairasi serivhiri.
  • Campus nezvinoitika zvenzanga: vapindi venzvimbo dzinoitirwa nhare, kurukurirano yapanzvimbo dzezviteshi, uye “Pakunangana kweProtorots” zvinoitika zvinoparira tsika yenzanga pakuvhota. Apo kuvhota kunoratidzika somubato womunzanga panzvimbo pebasa, kuwedzera.
  • Zviri mukati: bvunzurudzo dzekuvhota, rongedzero dzevhoti, uye kuisa mashoko pasocial network zvinoshandura chiito chokuvhota kuva nharidzano inooneka, inowirirana.
  • Peer-epeer sumo: Nzvero inobva kuCIRCLE inoratidza kuti vavhoti vaduku vanounganidzwa nenzira inobudirira zvikurusa navanhu vezera ravo vamene. Nhume dzekoriji dzokunyoresa nokuyeuchidza shamwari dzavo dzinogona kuwanda.

Kurerutsa Muitiro Wokunyoresa

Kunyoresa ndiro bhinga rokutanga, uye rinoramba riri rimwe rematambudziko makuru.

  • Kunyoresa kwokuvhota kusingashandisiwi. Masangano ayo akabatanidza AVR] uko vagari vemo vakakodzera vanonyoreswa apo vanoshandana namaDMV kana kuti mamwe masangano ehurumende(anoona zvikuru mwero inokwidziridza kunyoresa kwepwere. Kubvira muna 2024, nyika dzinopfuura 20 nediviti yeColumbia ine AVR, uye kukudza uyu muitiro chinhu chokutanga chapamusoro chepwere. Kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro peAVR kubva kuNational Conference of State Legisplatures.
  • Kunyoresa kwe 16 ne 17 yemakore okukura: Kubvumira vachiri kuyaruka kunyoresa vasati vakwaniriswa kuvhota vachiva nechokwadi chokuti vari pamapepa apo vanobhadharira 18. Florida, California, uye dzimwe nyika dzinoverengeka dzine purogiramu dzokunyoresa pamberi pekunyoresa.
  • Pamunline nokunyoresa kusingadzokororwi: Vaduku vakawanda havagoni kuwana nyore nyore mudhindi kana kuti posita. Masangano anopa kunyoresa paIndaneti(* uye anobvumira kunyoresa pafoni/remove chipingamupinyi chikuru.
  • [[FLT: 0] Dhipatimendi dzokunyoresa muzvikoro zvapamusoro namakoreji: Kubatira pamwe nehurumende dzavadzidzi, madhipatimendi emitambo, uye makirabhu okugadza matafura mukati medariro nyoro kana kuti nhambo dzezvokudya zvamasikati zvinogona kubata vadzidzi vasati vakurirwa nepurogiramu dzesemester.
  • Kunyoresa kwezuva: Kubvumira vavhoti kunyoresa nokuvhota pazuva rimwe chetero (sezvinoitwa mu 21 nyika ne D.C.) kunobetsera zvikuru nokuda kwokupedzisa kana kuti kutora vaduku vanotambira. Nhevedzo yenhauro dzinoratidza kuti kunyoresa kwezuva rimwe chetero kunosimudzira mapoka ose ezera[[[FLT]]]

3. Ruzivo Rwokugadzira Zvinhu Rwokufema

Vaduku vanopedza nguva yakawanda vachishandisa zvinhu, uye tsika iyoyo inogona kushandiswa kuti vabatane nevanhu.

  • Mitemo yemichina yokuvhura: Zvirongwa zvakafanana ne Vote.org's app neTurbovote zvinobvumira vashandisi kunzvera mugariro wokunyoresa, kukumbira marobhoti ashaikwa, uye gadza zviyeuchidzo zvezuva resarudzo kubva pafoni. Kuvhura zviratidzo zvinoshanda zvikuru nokuda kwesarudzo dzepakati pematunhu, apo muvhoti muduku anoziva anoderera.
  • zviyeuchidzo zverugwaro: Miedzo yakawanda yakasarudzirwa yakaratidza kuti zviyeuchidzo zvamashoko zvinowedzera ne 2-4 muzana. Mashoko anotaurwa nomunhu oga (e.g., “Wavhota musarudzo yokupedzisira").
  • Kubatanidzwa kwezvinobudisa nhau: Platms seSnapchat yawedzera zvishandiso zvokuvhotera mukati meapps dzavo. Muna 2020, Snapechat yakanyoresa vavhoti vatsva vanopfuura miriyoni 1 kupfurikidza nebatira pamwe neTurboVote.
  • [ Nhungamiro dzinosashanda: Quizzes dzinowirirana nemirairo yomunhu anobatira pamwe nezvinzvimbo zvinoda kusarudzwa dzinobetsera vavhoti vaduku kuona miuyo inooneka yevhoti yavo. Aya maturusi anowanzogoveranwa zvikuru pakati pamapoka eshamwari.
  • Zvomene inowanika nehova dzinogara: Dzimwe nhimbe dzakaedza horo dzetaundi reVR kana kuti Instagram Live Q&A marusando okusvika vateereri vaduku uko vanotopedza nguva yescreen.

4. Kuvaka Ushamwari Nevakupesvedzera

Kutsigira kwegamuchidzanwa kuchiri noukoshi, asi macrofluencer — marekodhi ane vateveri 10 000 - 100 000 munzvimbo yakati (mutoo, kutamba, runako, mitambo) — kazhinji kazhinji ane mwero yakakwirira yokuvimbisana navateereri vaduku.

  • Zviripo ndezvechokwadi, kwete kushambadza: Vakupesvedzera avo vanogovera somunhu oga chinoitika chavo chokuvhota(kubatanidza zvikanganiso izvo vakaita apo vainyoresa(resonate kupfuura mashoko anobhadharwa.)
  • Nhimbe dzemaPlatform: Nhimbe imwe inogona kutanga denho yeTikTok, Istagram carousel, vhidhiyo yeYouTube, uye kurukurirano yeDhinard kugadzira nzvimbo dzapakutapura dzakawanda.
  • Kubatanidza namasangano epwere anoshandiswa: Mapoka akaita saMarch nokuda kweUpenyu Hwedu, Mudzidzisi Action, uye Sunrise Movement ane gadziriro dzakasimba dzepesvedzero uye anogona kukurudzira vateveri vavo pamusoro pesarudzo.
  • Kuzivisa mashoko asiri apapatimendi: Vakuru vakuru navadaviri vanofanira kudzivisa manzwi okusasarura zvikuru apo vanosonganirana navakuchidziridzi, sezvo vateereri vaduku vanowana kuvimbika uye vangashatiswa kana vachifunga kuti vari kutengeswa mutsetse webato.

5. Chinokurudzira Chibvumirano Chinopfuura Kurumbidza

Kana vechiduku vachinzwa kuti vaiswa munzanga dzavo nedzimwe nzira dzehurumende, kazhinji kacho vanoona kuvhota sechinhu chiripo.

6. Kuchinja Zvinhu Kunobvisa Zvipingamupinyi

Kunze kwemazano omunhu oga, kuchinja kwegadziriro kunogona kuita kuti kuvhota kuve nyore kune munhu wose, zvikurukuru pwere.

  • Zuva rechisarudzo sezororo rerudzi: kuita Chipiri chokutanga pashure poMuvhuro wokutanga muna November zororo rehurumende raizosunungura vadzidzi navashandi kuti vavhote pasina rwisano dzinorongwa.
  • Kuwedzera kwokuvhota nokuvhota kusati kwamboitika: Masangano ayo anopa inenge vhiki mbiri dzokuvhota kwapakuvamba (kubatanidza kupera kwamavhiki) kuona kuvhota kwakakwirira kwepwere. Maforoti etsamba anobvisawo zvifambiso zvekufambisa nokuvhota nzvimbo.
  • Panzvimbo dzokuvhotera: nzvimbo dzokuvhotera pa makoreji namayunivhesiti] zvikurukuru panzvimbo panzvimbo yehrojiro_kuwedzera nenzira yechiratidzo kubuda kwavadzidzi. Muna 2020, mayunivhesiti akabatanidza nzvimbo dzokunzverwa akaona mwero wemipimo 5 2910 percentes kupfuura ayo asina.
  • Kupa zera rokuvhota: Vamwe vatsigiri vanotaura kuti vapfumi vane makore 16 vanofanira kubvumirwa kuvhota musarudzo dzomunzvimbomo. Nzvero inobva Takuma Park, Maryland, yakaratidza kuti 16 na 17 zera regore rakasarudzwa pamwero wakakwirira kupfuura mauto ekare apo aipiwa mukana, sezvinobvira nemhaka yokuti vanogara pamusha navabereki vanovhotawo.

Kubudirira Nokuchinja Zvinhu

Mazano okuita chimwe chinhu anofanira kuonekwa seanofanira kuongororwa, kwete seanofanira kuongororwa.

  • Nzvero dzePrefti nepashure pechisarudzo: Sundo yavavhoti vaduku (vose vari vaviri avo vakasarudza naavo vasina) pamusoro pokuziva kwavo nguva dzinotsaurirwa, nzvimbo dzechinjo, uye mutoo wokuvhota. Enzanisa nemhinduro mumitoo yakasiana.
  • Nzvero yemifungo yapakarepo: Shandisa mafaira omuvhoti kuti uone kuti izvii zviverengero (g., vavhoti venguva yokutanga, vadzidzi pakoreji dzakati, vashandisi veapp) vakabuda pamwero wakakwirira kana kuti wakaderera. Kudairwa nomubato wokuwana mabatanidzo.
  • A/B mashoko okuedza: Tumira shanduro mbiri dzeshoko remashoko kana kuti email(imwe yanangidzirwa pabasa, imwe panhau( uye mwero unopa kudhudhudhu, kunyoresa, kana kuti vhoti chaidzo.
  • Mapoka ane maduku asina muromo: chimuko chamanyuko chinozivisa mhinganidzo dzamanomano idzo dzinopotsa kunzvera, zvakadai sefunganyo pamusoro pokuita chisarudzo chakaipa kana kuti kusaziva nzira yokuwana nayo nzvimbo yokuvhota yakarurama.
  • Ratidza nokukurumidza: Shandisa nguva pakati senzvimbo yokuedza nokuda kwenhambo inotevera yapurezidhendi. Masangano akatadza mugore rakaderera rokudzoka angabudirira nokungwarirwa navanhu kwakakwirira, uye nenzira inotevera.

mhedziso

Kubatanidza pwere mukusarudza hakusati kuri basa rimwe rokusarudza, inoda kuti vatsigiri vamabhizimisi varambe varipo, unyanzvi, uye kuda kusangana navanhu vaduku kwazviri. Mhinganidzo ndedzechokwadi, asi hadzina kukurirwa. Kupfurikidza nokubatanidza dzidzo, kuiswa kworunyoreso, kushandiswa kwounyanzvi, zvibvumirano zvechokwadi zvechimbichimbichimbi, uye chinjo dzegadziriro, tinogona kuwedzera zvikuru kubuda kwepwere dzinovhota. Sarudzo iri yose ibanza rokuvaka miitiro yehurumende inochengeta democracy. Gadziro dzakarongwa pano dzakaedzwa mumibato chaiyoiyo chaiyoiyo nenzanga chaidzorwa; zvinoshanda apo zvinowirirana nemamiriro ezvinhu omunzvimbomo. Nguva yemberi yehurumende yedu inosarudzwa navanhu inotsamira pasimba uye kutora rutivi rwechizvarwa chinotevera.