Chibvumirano chebic iropa rinopa upenyu hwehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu vanoshanda. Inobatanidza nzira dzakawanda dzinobatanidzwa muupenyu hwavose hwenzanga dzavo, kubva pakuvhota nokuzvipira kupinda horo dzemataundi nokupinda muumbimbimbi hwepaIndaneti. Kunyange zvazvo kutora rutivi kune revo kuchida zvinopfuura vavariro dzakanaka; kurayira vagari vemo vanoziva vanogona kushandisa nzvimbo yakaoma uye ine mhatsa. Munhambo inorondedzerwa nokuwanda kwemashoko uye kupararira nokukurumidza kwemashoko, kuvandudza kunzwisisa kwezvinobudisa nhau kwazova chinhu chinokosha kuutano hwehurumende. Vanhu vezvinobudisa nhau vanoshongedzerwa zviri nani kuongorora manyuko, kuziva tsvudziso, uye kutora rutivi mumashoko anobva muuchapupu hunoziva zvakananga kunaka kwegadziriro yehurumende. Nyaya inonzvera kupararira kwezvinobudisa nhau zvemapepanhau, kunzvera kuti nei kunzwisisa nhau, kuti vanhu vazvikodzere, uye unyanzvi kutsigira sei nzanga idzi dzinobatanidza nzanga.

Basa Rinokosha Rokudzidza Kunyora Zvinobudisa Nhau Muhurumende Inosarudzwa Navanhu

Democracy iri papfungwa yokuti vagari vemo vanogona kuita zvisarudzo zvokufunga pamusoro pavatungamiriri vavo nemitemo. Chitendero ichocho chinoputsika apo zvikamu zvikuru zvavagari vemo zvisingagoni kusiyanisa mashoko akavimbika neparadziro kana kuti cockbait. Kurava nokunyora Media imishonga. Kunoshongedzera vanhu nezvishandiso zvokubvunza mibvunzo yakakomba: Ndiani akasika shoko iri? Unyanzvii hunoshandiswa kuisa ngwariro? Vanhu vakasiyana vangahududzira sei?

Nzvero inosimbisa iyi kurumidziro. 2023 Centre Research Center yakawana kuti 67% yeU.S. vakuru vanowana mashoko anenge anobva kusociation, uko kutaura kusina kujeka kunotenderera nokusununguka. Imwe nzvero yeStanford History Education Group yakaratidza kuti vanopfuura 96% vavadzidzi vechikoro chapamusoro vakakundikana kunzvera kuyera kuvimbwa kwewebsite inotaura kuti inogovera mashoko pamusoro pesimba renyukireya. Uku kunzwisiswa kwezvinobudisa nhau kune migumisiro yakananga nokuda kwetsika dzenyika: vanhu vamwe vasingagoni kunzvera kunaka kwamashoko kashoma, vanonyanyova vanonyanyova vanowana rondedzero dzamatsoro, uye vasingadi kutora mashoko anobudirira mune zvematongerw zvematongerw zvamatongerw enyika.

Kurava nokunyora pepanhau hakusi kungodzivisa mashoko asina kururama; kuri pamusoro pokupa simba vagari vemo kuti vashandise zvinobudisa nhau sechishandiso chokutora rutivi. Apo vanhu vanonzwisisa kuti nhau dzinobudiswa sei, maatomu okuti anoumba sei zvavanoona, uye kuti kushambadza kunopesvedzera sei nhauro, vanogona kuva vatengi vamaune zvikuru nevavambi vezvigumo. Uku kuvimbisa kwokushingaira kupfurikidza nokugoverana mashoko akabvumikiswa, kukurukura navakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa, kana kuti kutora rutivi muchinetso chenzanga chinovanzarika nharaunda yakanaka.

Makori Okudzidza Kure

Kurava nokunyora mashoko unyanzvi hwakarongwa mumativi akawanda. Kuti tihukudziridze, tinofanira kutanga kududza zvinhu zvahwo zvinokosha. Kuvakira pamienzaniso yenheyo, mikwikwi inotevera inokosha nokuda kwokugadzirira kwenzanga:

Kufunga Kunonyanya Kukosha uye Kuongorora

Kutanga kwaro, kurava nokunyora kwenhau kunoshanda kuzvinobudisa nhau. Ikoku kunoreva kupanikira mavambo ekutaura, ufakazi kuseri kwako, uye sundo dzomukurukuri. Kunobatanidza kushandisa madavi matsva kuyera manyuko (hwunovhura madate matsva kuyera manyuko) kupfuura kurava kwakananga uko kunogamuchira chiremera chenzvimbo. Stanford History Education Group's Crivice Online Reasoning, zvino zvinogamuchirwa muzviuru zvekirasi, zvinosimbisa iyi tsika. Somuenzaniso, vadzidzi vanodzidza kubvunza kuti: "Ndiani ari seri seri kwamashoko aya? Humwe ufakazi??

Kunzwisisa Zvinobudisa Mashoko Nezvinangwa

Manyuko enhau akasiyana - siyana anoshanda mabasa akasiyana - siyana. Nyaya yenhau inovavarira kuzivisa; pfungwa inotsvaka kunyengetedza; chiziviso chesociation chingava nenzvimbo yesociation, mutsigiri, kana kuti kutsausa. Kurava nokunyora zvinoda kuziva tsika nemitemo zvinovadzora. Somuenzaniso, pepanhau rine mukurumbira wakanaka rinonamatira kunheyo dzechokwadi, dzikamo, uye kujeka, nepo zvinotsigirwa namashoko zvingashandisa kukurudzira kwemirangariro nemaidi akasarudzwa. Vagari vadi venhau vanofanira kuziva apo manyuko anoshanda nokutendeseka uye apo ari kushandisa unyanzvi hwezvokudzora.

Kuziva Zviumbwa Nezvishongo

Zvinobudisa nhau zvose zvinobudiswa nemaonero. Chinangwa chokunyora nokunyora mashoko hachisi chokubvisa rusaruro rwezvinobudisa nhau, asi kuruziva nokunzwisisa zvarunoita. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuziva zvematongerwo enyika, zvokutengeserana, uye tsika uye kunzwisisa kuti kunyora (nzira inoratidzwa nayo) kunochinja pfungwa dzevanhu. Somuenzaniso, kufukidzwa kwechitsotsi kunogona kunyorwa se "tyisidziro yevoruzhinji" kana kuti "kuratidza kusabvumirana kwechimurenga," kutakura mifungo yakasiyana. Vagari venhau veMedia vanogona kuziva mafiti nokurangarira dzimwe nhau.

Kuziva Kuverenga Nekunyora Nemadhigirii

Muzera remitengo, kurava nokunyora kunofanira kubatanidza kunzwisisa kuti zvikuva zvinoshanda sei. MaSango emitemo anoronga izvo vanoshandisa vanoona, kazhinji kazhinji vachitanga vataura zvinonyandura kana kuti zvinokamuranisa nemhaka yokuti zvinosunda kuvimbisana. Kunzwisisa kuti zvinobudisa nhau dzinopa vanhu zvokudya hazvisi zvioni zvechokwadi asi zvinhu zvokutengeserana zvakagadzirirwa kuwedzera nguva panzvimbo ino. Vagari vemo vanofanira kuziva kuti vozoyera sei kuvimbika kwezviri mukati mezvikamu zvebasa, kuziva basa reboti, uye kushandisa maturusi okuyera mifananidzo namavhidhiyo.

Zvirongwa Zvokupinza Kunzwisisa Kwezvinobudisa Nhau Pamwero

Kuvandudza kurava nokunyora zvinobudisa nhau hachisi chidzidzo chenguva imwe asi muitiro unopfuurira unoda tsigiro yakarongeka. Gadziriro dzinobudirira dzinopfuura makirasi mamwe namamwe kuti dzibatanidze mapurogiramu enzanga, kushandira pamwe kwezvinobudisa nhau, uye zvirongwa zvokutanga.

Kupinza Kudzidza Kure Nezvokunyora Zvinobudisa Mashoko Mudzidzo Yacho

Zvikoro zvinongova mapfundo omuzvarirwo. Zvekuvamba. Zvakadai seIllinois, California, uye New Jersey(zvakabudisa mutemo unoda murayiridzo wokugona kunyora nokunyora muK-12 ksoft. Kosidhi mes inobatanidza News Literacy Project's "Checlologist", iyo inopa zvidzidzo zvokukurukura pamisoro yakafanana nokusiyanisa idi nenhema. Kunzvera kunoratidza kuti vadzidzi vanopedza kosi dzakadaro vanoratidza mano ari nani zvikuru okuyera manyuko. Zvisinei, kugadzirwa kunosiyana zvikuru, uye kurovedza mudzidzisi kunoramba kuri bhodhoro.

Marobhakiti Akatsigiswa Nemaraibhurari Avose

Kuvakuru navakuru, mashopu enzanga anopa dzidzo inokosha. Maraibhurari avose akabuda senzvimbo dzinovimbwa nokuda kwepurogiramu dzezvinobudisa nhau dzokunyora nokunyora mashoko paIndaneti, kuronga mashoko ezveutano, uye kufambisa nhau. Somuenzaniso, American Library Association's "News Libblet" midziyo inobatsira kugadzira mapurogiramu anogadzirirwa kuenderana nezvinodiwa zvomunzvimbomo. Kutanga uku kunokosha zvikurukuru kuvanhu vakuru, avo vanowanzoitirwa zvirongwa zvokubvisa mashoko paIndaneti uye vanganzwa vasingavi nechivimbo zvikuru mumafashoni ezvigadzirwa.

Kushandira Pamwe Nemasangano Ezvinobudisa Nhau

Masangano eJournalism anogona kubetserawo kunyora. Zvikamu zvizhinji zvenhau zvakatanga "muchapupuri" zvikamu izvo zvinobvisa kushuma zvinoshanda. News Literation Project [ vashandi pamwe chete navanyori venhau kugovera zvinhu zvechokwadi zvekirasi. Kuwedzera, nhimbe dzakafanana ne "Videnselotions" (rakusimudzirwa neTrust Project) dzinobetsera vanoshandisa kuwana kuvimbwa kwemanyuko kupfurikidza nokuratidzira mashoko pamusoro petsika dzayo, mitoo, mitoo, uye mari.

Zvigadzikiso Zveruzivo

Ruzivo rwezvigadzirwa runogona kupedza nokuparira zvinetso zvose zviri zviviri. Kumativi akanaka, maturusi akafanana newedzero dzezviwiro (jere, News Guard) anopa miraudzo yokuvimbwa nokuda kwenzvimbo dzewebsite. Mitambo yedzidzo yakadai se "Factitoritious" inodzidzisa vashandi kusiyanisa mashoko chaiwo nenyengedzo. Zviteshi zvemapepanhau zvakatanga kunzvera mativi enhau akasiana-pasi, kunyange zvazvo kubudirira kwavo kuchiganhurirwa nemirangariro yevashandisi. Nhambuko dzenguva yemberi dzinofanira kuisa ngwariro pakubatanidza kurava nokunyora nokunyora nokunyora nokunyora mashoko zvakananga mumitezotoo wevashandisi.

Zvinetso Nezvipingamupinyi Zvokudzidza Zvinobudiswa Nevenhau

Pasinei zvapo nokuwedzera kuzivikanwa kwoukoshi hwayo, kurava nokunyora kwezvinobudisa nhau kunotarisana nemhinganidzo dzinokosha dzinofanira kugadzirirwa kuti dzisvike tapuro huru.

Acces neEquity. mibato yezvokunyora nokunyora yakaisvonaka haiwaniki zvakaenzana. Pasi pezvikoro zvakasiiwa kazhinji kazhinji hazvigoni kutsigira mari nokuda kworuzivo rwakavandudzwa rwemichina kana kuti kufambira mberi kwenyanzvi. Nzanga dzemishato nedzisingawaniwi mari yakawanda dzingava nenhevedzo yakaganhurirwa, inobatanidza magadziro. 2022 neJoan Ganz Cooney Center yakawana kuti vana vari mudzimba dzakaderera havangatongogoni kuwana dzidzo yemiteo yokudzidza pamusha kana kuti kuchikoro, kuparira mukaha.

Kudzorwa kubva kuInstitutions. Vamwe vadzidzisi navatarisiri vanoramba kuwedzera kurava nokunyora nemashoko kudzidzo yakatozara. Vamwe vanonetseka pamusoro pepomero dzefungidziro yezvamatongerwe enyika, zvikurukuru apo zvidzidzo zvinokurukura misoro yakadai sediffix reconformation kana kuti muridzi wezvinobudisa nhau. Uku kurambwa kunogona kuderedzwa nokunyora mashoko ezvinobudisa nhau sounyanzvi hwokusatora rutivi.

Mashoko akawanda zvikuru uye Kuneta. Mashoko akawanda anobudiswa zuva nezuva anotokundika vanhu. Munhuwo zvake anoona zviuru zvemashoko pazuva, achiita kuti zvisave nyore kuyera zvose zvaanotaura. Dzidzo yokunyora nokunyora mupepanhau naizvozvo inofanira kudzidzisa zvirongwa zvokuongorora musi wenhau, kutsvaka kutsigira, uye kuziva chirevo chikuru kupfuura kuongorora kwokungwarira.

Kuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe. Mumhoteredzo dzakati sandara zvikuru, kurava nokunyora kungagona kugadzirwa zvombo. Mamwe mapoka anoshandisa zita rokuti "nhau dzemapepanhau" kuzvidza mapepanhau epamutemo achigamuchira manyuko anobva kumativi ose. Nhamburiko dzokunyora nokunyora nokunyora kunhau dzinofanira kungwarira kusakurudzira kutsoropodza; vavariro ndeyokuvaka kuvimba mumasangano akavimbika nepo anoramba asina chokwadi.

Tchechnology and Aligoric Minipiction. Kunyange vanhu vanofambiswa namanyuko vangava vanyengerwa nenhimbe dzemashoko dzakaoma dzinoshandisa zvisakiso zvemirangariro nechiratidzo chenzanga. Manyuko, zvikwata zvemibatanidzwa zvemibatanidzwa yemibato, uye mifananidzo yakashandiswa zvinopwisa zvikuru. Kurava nokunyora nokunyora kunofanira kuvamba kubatanidza kuziva aya mazano akakwirira, asi ruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu rwoga harugoni kupedza chinetso chacho.

Basa Revadzidzisi Nemasangano Mukurava

Vadzidzisi vose vari pamberi penzvimbo dzokuvakira vagari vemo vanongodzidzisa unyanzvi hwokuda kuziva chete; vanofanira kutevedzera kuda kuziva, kuzvininipisa kwoungwaru, uye kugoverana mashoko ane mutoro.

Kudzidza Kunobatanidza Nebasa Rakavakirwa Pabasa

Hurukuro dzinobudirira dzinoshandisa nzira dzinobatsira: kubvisa mashoko ezvamatongerwe enyika, kuenzanisa chisarudzo chenhau, kuenzanisa chiitiko chimwe chetecho munzvimbo dzinobuda mashoko, kana kuti kutanga chiziviso chebasa ravose. Zviratidzo zvinoda vadzidzi kunzvera nhau yazvino uno mumanyuko akawanda zvinotanga miitiro yokurevesa nokuisa kupesvedzera uko kunotsigira kugona kwehurumende.

Nhamba Chaidzoidzo Dzenyika

Kushandisa zvinoitika chaizvoizvo kunoita kuti kudzidza kuve kwakafanira. Vadzidzisi vanogona kukumbira vadzidzi kuyera kuvimbika kwevhidhiyo inobudiswa neutachiona, kunzvera mutauro mukutaura kwomunzveri, kana kuti kunzvera mari iri seri kwewebsite ye org. Stanford History Education Group inopa zvirongwa zvefundo zvinovhurika zvinoshandisa zvinhu zvechokwadi paIndaneti, zvakadai sokuyera kuvimbika kwenzvimbo yokuchinja mamiriro okunze. Kurovedza kwakadaro kugadzirira vadzidzi kuti vazive mamiriro ezvinhu anenge avapo sechivhotera.

Kurovedza Nokutsigira Vadzidzisi

Vadzidzisi vakawanda vanonzwa vasingadi kudzidzisa zvinobudisa nhau. Kubudirira kwebasa rebasa kunokosha. Sangano rakadai seNational Association for Media Literacy Education (NAMLE) rinogovera mashopu nekosi dzepaIndaneti. Maruwa ezvikoro anofanira kushandira pamwe nevanyori venhau vemo uye mayunivhesiti kuti vadzidzise. Kana vadzidzi vachinzwa vaine chivimbo muunyanzvi hwavo pachavo hwokunyora nokunyora, vanogona kutevedzerera tsika idzodzo vadzidzi.

Kutungamirira Kwemasangano

Kupfuura makirasi, mayunivhesiti, mamiziyamu, uye masangano ehurumende ane basa.Sayenzian Institution, somuenzaniso, inogovera zviwanikwa pamashoko enhau anobatanidza nhau dzazvino uno. Koreji dzenzanga dzinogona kupa kosi dzedzidzo dzavakuru mumichina nenhepfenyuro. Maraibhurari anogona kubatira sezvibvumirano zvemitengo yenzanga pamusoro pevara remashoko.

Misangano yeNzanga: Maraibhurari, Mitemo yeMaredhia yemunzvimbomo, uye Magirasroot

Mitemo yakakwirira yoga haigoni kupedza chinetso chokurava nokunyora. Nhano dzokutanga dzenzanga dzinopinda muchivimbo chomunzvimbomo nezivo yetsika, kusvika vanhu vangasabatanidzwa namapurogiramu enguva dzose.

Maraibhurari eMidia Libblic Hubs. Maraibhurari akaiswa panzvimbo yakasiyana seakavimbika, asingapiwi mativi. Vakawanda zvino vanogovera "masuo okunyorera okunyora mashoko enhau dzinotsausa" anoratidzira misoro yakafanana nokuziva misoro inotsausa, kupfurikidza nokudzivirira mashoko emunhu oga paIndaneti. American Library Association's "Enkcustory" rescrence" ress anotungamirira idzi nhamburiko. Mune dzimwe nzanga, maraibhurari anotakurawo "makirinikirwo" umo vateshi vanogona kuunza nyaya dzinonyumwirwa nokuda kweboka.

Partive neLocal News Outlets. Mapepanhau emo aripo nenhepfenyuro anogona kupinza mashoko okunyora. Somuenzaniso, nhepfenyuro ingashandisa chikamu chevhiki nevhiki chinonzi "How We Weur Report iyi Story," kufamba vaoni mumuitiro wokubudisa. Zvirongwa zvezvikoro zvikuru zvenhau, zvinotsigirwa nenyanzvi dzezvinobudisa nhau dzomunzvimbomo, zvinopa vadzidzi ruzivo rwokuzviwanira rwokubudisa nhau rune chokuita nhau.

Grasroots Movements and Resource Education. Munzvimbo dzakawanda, nhimbe dzokunyora nokunyora nokunyora zvinobudiswa dzinotungamirirwa navazvipiri uye vashingairi venzanga. "Mediasplay Literacy Now" vatsigiri vemitemo yenyika asi vanotsigirawo mapoka omunzvimbomo. Mitezo yedzidzo yecheresi yevhu yakarovedzwa inotungamirira nzvimbo dzinogadzirirwa vavakidzani .]

Mishonga Yemiitiro Negadziriro Zvesangano Rezvizivikanwa

Kunyange zvazvo zvichikosha kuti munhu mumwe nomumwe uye vanhu vashande nesimba, kuchinja kwegadziriro dzezvinhu kunoda kuti pave nemitemo.

Mitemo yeHurumende Neyamasangano

Kusvikira muna 2024, mibatanidzwa 18 yakagadza mitemo yokunyora nokunyora, inoita Illinois, California, neWashington. Iyi mitemo inowanzoraira kubatanidzwa muzvikamu zviripo zveK-12 panzvimbo pokuita makosi okushandisa. Kushandiswa kwerovedzo yomudzidzisi nokukudziridzwa kwezvirongwa kunowanzobatanidzwa. Zvikarakadzo zveFederal zvakabatanidza "Media Literacy Act," izvo zvingatanga mapurogiramu nokuda kwezvikoro namalaibhurari. Mitengi yemitemo inofanira kuva nechokwadi chokuti mutemo unovakirwa noufakazi uye unobatanidza mitengo.

Kuchengetedza Zvinobudisa Nhau Nenzanga Yavagari Vemo

Vanoshambadzira voruzhinji sePBS ne NPR vakatobatsira kunyora nokunyora mashoko. Kuwedzera mari yokutsigira mapurogiramu avo okudzidzisa kunogona kuwedzera. Mukuwedzera, hurumende dzinogona kutsigira masangano enzanga avanhu anobudisa zvinhu zvakasununguka, zvisingaparati. The European Union’s "Digal Education Action Plan" inogovera muenzaniso, zvirongwa zvemari izvo zvinoshongedzera vagari vemo nounyanzvi hwemichina nezvinobudisa nhau.

Kuzvidavirira Nokuona Zvinhu Zvakajeka

Makambani enzanga anofanira kuzvidavirira nokuda kwezviwiriranwa zvemashoko zvaanogadzira. Policies inoda kuisa uvandu hweatlic ratition, manyuko anoiswa zita rezvokubudisa mashoko, uye kunyorwa kwezvinobudisa nhau (sezvichemo zvakadzika) zvinogona kubetsera vashandisi kuita zvisarudzo zvinozivikanwa. Dzimwe nyika dzakatanga "mibato yokunyora mashoko okunyora" nokuda kwezvikuva, kuchida kuti vapinze mudzidzo yavashandisi. Corporation yakarumbidza kuti zvikuva zviwaro zviwanira mari yokunzvera nokunyora mashoko uye kuparadzira mashoko.

Kuyera Kubatsira Kunoita Kudzidza Kuverenga Nekunyora Pachibvumirano Checombic

Kuti tizive kana nhamburiko dzokurava nokunyora dzinoshanda, tinofanira kuyera miuyo.

Nzvero dzakaratidza kuti vadzidzi vanogamuchira muraidzo wokurava nokunyora vanobudisa nhau vane bviro huru yokuziva mashoko asina kururama, sezvingabvira zvikuru kuagoverana, uye vanoda zvikuru kutsvaka mifungo yakasiana - siana. Kuedza kwakadzorwa kwapanguva imwe cheteyo navanzveri paUniversity yeWashington yakawana kuti vhidhiyo pfupi ye "kudzokororwa" pamusoro pemiitiro yokuchinja yavose yakaderedza chitendero mumisoro yenhau dzenhema ne 25%. Kumwe kunzvera kunobatanidza kurava nenzwisiso yezvokunyora mashoko kuwedzerendedzero yezvamatongerwe enyika nevavaki, zvikurukuru pakati pevavhoti vaduku.

Zvisinei, miuyo yenhambo refu yakaoma kubata. Kunzvera kunoshanda kunoda chinjo dzokuronda kwete bedzi muzivo asiwo mumufambiro: Ko vagari vemo vari kunzvera vasati vagoverana here? Vari kupinda mukurukurirano dzakadzama dzezvamatongerwe enyika here? Vari kutora rutivi mukuita zvisarudzo zvenzanga here? Nzvero yenguva yemberi inofanira kutanga mitauro yakasimba iyo inobatanidza kurava nokunyora zvinobudisa mashoko nemiuyo yehurumende yakadai somuvhoti, kupinda misangano yavose, uye kuzvipira.

Mugumisiro: Mutoro Wavose

Kuvandudza kunzwisisa kwezvinobudisa nhau hakusi chinhu chinoitirwa hanya zvikuru; iko kutarisirwa kwehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu isingachinjiki. Kana vagari vemo vakashongedzerwa kudzora mashoko noungwaru hukuru, vane bviro huru yokutora rutivi mukudzora, kuita kuti vatungamiriri vazvidavirire, uye kubatira pamwe pakupedza zvinetso. Mhete dzakakwirira: nzanga inoshivirira njodzi dzakapararira dzokusagona kunyora nokunyora, kuwedzera kwenzvimbo dzinogara dzoga dzoga, uye kuderera kwehurumende yedemocracy.

Basa iri rinoda kuti pave neboka. Vadzidzisi vanofanira kubatanidza kunyora nokunyora zvinobudisa nhau mumuitiro wavo. Vaiti vemitemo vanofanira kutsigira nokutsigira zvirongwa. Vatungamiriri venharaunda vanofanira kugadzira nzvimbo dzokukurukurirana nokudzidza. Makambani ezvoruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu anofanira kuisa panzvimbo yokuonekana pakuvimbisana. Uye munhu mumwe nomumwe anofanira kuzvipira kuva mutengi anofunga zvikuru uye kugoverana mashoko. Nokushandira pamwe kuti titsigire kurava nokunyora mashoko, tinogona kusimbisa kuvimbisana kwevagari vemo ndokuvaka ruzivo rwakawanda, rune simba rokuva nevagari vemo (8) inogona kukunda zvinetso zvezera remichina remascrimi nechivimbo uye chinangwa.