Sumo: Fandesheni Yedzimba Dzakanaka muAmerica

Mitemo yedzimba yakanaka ikokuisa mipimo yetsika yakaenzana muUnited States, ichivimbisa kuti munhu ari wose (asina muganhu wedzinza, ruvara, mavambo orudzi, rudzidziso, vatano, mugariro wezvisaririra, kana kuti urema) anogona kudzivirira dzimba pasina rusaruro. Nepo Hurumende Fair Howare Act ya1968 inogadza mupimo worudzi, basa chairo rokutarisira, dzidzo, uye nhevedzano yemitemo zvinoitika zvinoitika zvinoitika pamwero wenyika. Masangano ehurumende, kubva kumasangano ekodzero dzavanhu kumabasa okushandura dzimba dzavanhu, anobatira sezvirongwa zvikuru zvokunyoresa mirayiro yehurumende kuti iende kumabasa omunzvimbomo. Chiwirirano chavo chinosvika mamirioni avarendi, varidzi, vadzimba, vashanyi vedzimba, nzanga dzinogadzirirwa dzidzo, nzanga dzinova dzinova nedzakarurama. Nyaya iyi inonzvera nzvimbo dzakawanda dzehurumende dzinosimudzira nzvimbo dzamasangano epavhuro, migumisiro yezviwiroro, mavaronze.

Basa Remahofisi Ehurumende Mudzimba Dzinoyevedza

Madhipatimendi ehurumende anopiwa nzvimbo yechienzi yokutarisira kusarurana kwedzimba nemhaka yokuti anoshanda mukati megadziriro dzapamutemo dzomunzvimbomo, anonzwisisa misika yedzimba dzomunharaunda, uye anochengeta ukama hwakananga navachengeti vemitoro yenzanga. Mitoro yawo inotambanuka kupfuura kutarisirwa kuri nyore kwokuteerera; ivo vagadziri vemitemo, vadzidzisi vehurumende, uye vamanikidzi vomutemo.

Kukudziridza Nokushandisa Kudzivisa Kubatana

Nyika imwe neimwe ine mitemo yayo inoyera, yakawanda yayo inopfuura dziviriro dzehurumende. Somuenzaniso, dzimwe nyika dzinorambidza rusaruro rwakavakirwa pamanyuko emari (zvakadai seChikamu 8 tsveters) kana kuti mirangariro yevatano nezivikanwo yevatano. Madhipatimendi eHurumende ane mutoro wokunyora iyi mirau, kunzvera kwetapuro, uye kuivandudza mukupindura nhau dzinomuka. Iri basa rokuita muitiro rinoda unyanzvi hukuru mumutemo wedzimba, zvimiro zvemari, uye magariro enzanga. Mapareparera kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji anobatira pamwe navapikisi, mapoka ezvokutambira, uye vatsvakurudzi vedzidzo kumiitiro dzebasa idzo dzose dziri mbiri dzinoshanda zvakanaka uye dzinonzwika zviri pamutemo.

Kumanikidza Nokutsigira

Kumanikidzirwa zvimwe ibasa rinooneka zvikurusa ramasangano edzimba akarurama ehurumende. Apo pepanhau rinopa nzvero, dhipatimendi rinoita nzvero, rinounganidza ufakazi, uye rinosarudza kana kuputsa kwakaitika. Kana rusaruro rukawanikwa, dhipatimendi rinogona kuisa zvirango, kuraira zviito zvokururamisa, uye, muzvinoitika zvakakomba, rinonongedzera zviitiko zvokurovererwa. Uku kubatira simba kunoshanda sechidziviso chine simba. Masangano enzvimbo, vamiririri venzvimbo, vakweretesi vanoziva kuti miitiro yokuzvirongwa zvevhu, uye vakweretengi vane miuyo chaiyoiyo. Mukuwirirana namasangano eU. House and U.S Departmentmenterment (HUD), uye masangano ezvokudzora dzimba dzomunzvimbomo dzinobata makumi amazana ezvichemo gore negore, zvizhinji zvinoguma mumitengo, kana kuti chinjo. [FF:]

Dzidzo Nokungwarira Vanhu

Dzidzo ikokutungamirira kufambira mberi kwedzimba zvakanaka. Madhipatimendi ehurumende anoita zvirongwa zvokupingudza zvinosanganisira mashopu, mahomwe ezvirongwa, mapepa akadhindwa, uye nhimbe dzemichina. Idzi nhamburiko dzinoda zvose zviri zviviri zvirongwa zvedzimba (kudzivisa kuputswa kwemaune) uye vatengi (kuzvipa simba rokuziva nokushuma rusaruro). Hurumende dzakawanda dzinopawo rovedzo nokuda kwenyanzvi dzezvenzvimbo, vakuru vakuru vezvinhu, uye vashandi vehurumende vomunzvimbomo. Somuenzaniso, New York State Division of Human Rights facterss marected comports mareal marests apachena dzimba dzedzimba dzedzimba dzehurumende kupota nyika yose, kusvika zviuru zvevatoridzi vanotora rutivi gore rimwe nerimwe.

Kuunganidzwa Kwemashoko uye Kutsvakurudza

Kurwisa nenzira inobudirira rusaruro, madhipatimendi ehurumende anofanira kunzwisisa kuti rwunoitikei uye sei. Masangano mazhinji anochengeta mapepa emitoo yokunyunyuta, anoita kunzvera dzimba kwakarurama (kuedza kwokunyora kuchishandisa vawirirani kwemishumo yechiverengero chavagari chakasiana), uye kunzvera miitiro yemisika. Iyi mirau inozivisa zvisarudzo uye inobetsera mitoo yezve. Somuenzaniso, California Civil Rights Rights Department (yaichimbova DFEH) inoshandisa mashoko okunyunyuta kuzivisa mishanyi yezvinetso kana kuti vagoveri vedzimba. Iyi nzwisiso inogoverwa pachena kupfurikidza nemishumo yegore negore, inogona kurangarirwa panzvimbo yepanyuko yekodzero dzezvizvarwa zvechivo yezvizvarwa. [[FLT:]

Kubatsira Kunoenzanirana Kwebasa reDhipatimendi reHurumende

Basa remadhipatimendi ehurumende rakaita migumisiro inooneka mukuderedza kusarurana kwedzimba uye kusimudzira nzanga dzinozivikanwa nevanhu vose.

Kunyunyuta Kwakawedzerwa uye Chisarudzo

Chimwe chezviratidzo zvakajeka zvikurusa zvefambiro mberi kukwira kwenyunyuto dzorusaruro dzinoiswa kumasangano ehurumende. Uku kuwedzera hakurevi hako kuti rusaruro rwuri kuwedzera; panzvimbo pezvo, kazhinji kazhinji kunoratidzira kungwarirwa kukuru kwavose uye chivimbo mugadziriro yokuchengeta. Muhurumende dzine gadziriro dzakasimba dzokusvika, nhamba dzenyunyuta dzakakura nenzira yakatsiga. Somuenzaniso, State’s Human Rights Commission yakaona kuwedzera kwe 30% munyunyuto dzedzimba makore anopfuura mashanu pashure pokutanga nhimbedzo yedzidzo yemitauro yakawanda. Zvisarudzo (jeko kupfuuresa, misha, misha, kana kuti kutonga kwehurumende) zvinoparirawo njodzi dzemari yapaza yavana uye chinjo dzemiitiro yakaitwa namasangano anogumbura.

Mwero Yakakwirira Yezvirongwa Pakati Pevagoveri Vedzimba

Madhipatimendi ehurumende anonzvera nokunzvera kuzviisa pasi kwevaridzi vedzimba, makambani okutarisira zvinhu, uye vakweretesi vechikwereti. Uku kunzvera, kwakabatanidzwa netyisidziro yezvirango, kwakavandudza kunamatira kumitemo yedzimba yakarurama. Nzvero yakaitwa neNational Fair Howance Alliance Alliance yakawana kuti zviremera namasangano anotarisira kubatira nyika zvakanga zvine mwero yakaderera zvikuru yokuzivisa kwokupa uparitarisi uye miitiro yokurenda. Masangano esangano okugovera pokugovera pokugara kune mufungo kuvanhu vane urema akavandudzawo, nemhaka yorutivi kutungamirira kubva kumasangano ehurumende.

Kuwedzera Kuwanika Kwemapoka Anenge Akadzikira

Mitemo yedzimba yakanaka yakabetsera kuvhura masuo nokuda kwamapoka akavharwa kare mumisha yedzimba. Vanaamai vasina kuroorwa, mhuri dzinoshandisa mapepa okugara, uye vatami vose vakabetserwa nedziviriro dzenzvimbo dzehurumende. Somuenzaniso, mitemo inorambidza manyuko ezvidzidzo zvemari inogamuchirwa nenzvimbo zhinji dzehurumende, yakawedzera mwero unogamuchirwa weyamuro. MuConnecticut, Department yedzimba dzakanaka dzeHos yakatungamirira kukushandiswa kwe 15% mukushandiswa kwenzvimbo dzakaderera.

Nzvero Dzavanyai: Nhau Dzehurumende Dzakabudirira

Kuongorora mamwe mashoko kunoratidza kuti zvinobatsira zvakadini.

Kumanikidza Kwoukari kweCalifornia

California Civil Rights Department (yaichimbova DFEH) ine nhau refu yezviito zvokuchengetesa zvakakwirira zveprofile. Muchimwe chinoitika chikuru, dhipatimendi rakawana musasa we $2,5 mamirioni okurwisana nekambani huru yokutarisira dzimba nokuda kwokuramba nenzira yakarongwa kugadzika mhuri navana. Kupfuvura zvirango zvemari, mushavo waida kambani kunyanyodzora mitemo yayo yokurenda, inoshandisa rovedzo yedzimba dzakaisvonaka nokuda kwavashandi vose, uye inozviisa kumugariro unopfuurira. Mhaka ino, ine udzame panzvimbo ye California Revonia Rights Department Augtion.[[FLD:1], inoratidzira kuti kuchengetwa kwehurumende kunogona sei kuchinja miitiro yebhizimisi yebhizimisi yebhizimisi.

Muenzaniso Wokuchinja Munzanga yeNew York

Chikamu cheNew York State chanangidzira ngwariro huru pakupedza kwakavakirwa panzanga. “Programu yeProm for All” purogiramu yezvirongwa zvemasangano omunzvimbomo asingabetseri purofiti, zvorudzidziso, uye masangano anobva kunzvimbo dzapamusha kuti zviudze dzidzo zvakananga kunharaunda dzinochengetwa. MuBuffalo, nhimbe yakaitirwa nharaunda dzine vanhu vashoma yakatungamirira kukuwedzera kwe 40% kwenyunyuto dzorusaruro uye kuwedzera kwezvisarudzo zvinobudirira. Boka racho rinopawo betsero yapamutemo yapachena kumiuyo yakaderera inowana vachemedzeri, kuchideredza nzvimbo yokutamba mumagakava.

Texas: Kukura Kunoenderana Nokukwana

Texas, nemisika yayo yedzimba inopa mari yakawanda, inotarisana nedenho dzechienzi. Pepanhau reTexas’s Civil Rights Division yakatanga chirongwa chokuedza chinopfuurira mumaguta akakwirira seAustin neDallas. Varendi vanoedzesera savarendi vemadzinza akasiyana- siyana kuti vaone kurapa kwakasiyana. Tsamba kubva muidzi nzvero dzakashandiswa kukurukura chinjo huru mukubvisa miitiro pakati pamafemu makuru okutarisira zvinhu. Iyi nzira yakarumbidzwa nokuda kwokuwana rusaruro rwamanomano ayo angasashumwa.

Kubatana Nezvirongwa Zvematunhu Nezvinoitwa Munharaunda

Madhipatimendi ehurumende haashandi ari muchadenga, ari rutivi rwesangano guru rinobatanidza masangano ehurumende, hurumende dzomunzvimbomo, uye vasonganiri voga veboka.

Kushandira pamwe neHud

Komiti yeU.S. yeHouse and Urban Development (HUD) inogovera mari nebetsero younyanzvi kuhurumende nenzvimbo dzinogara dzinoruramisira. Kupfurikidza namasangano enzvimbo dzinogara dzinoitirwa zvinhu zvakanaka. Kupfurikidza neFair Howard Apper Program (FAP), HID inotsigira masangano ehurumende mukushandisa mitemo yawo vamene yakaisvonaka yedzimba. Uku kuyanana kunobvumira kutaura kuti zvigovane zvingangoenda kumahofisi eHUD, kukurumidzisa nguva dzechisarudzo uye kuderedza zvikamu zvedzimba. Masangano akawanda ehurumende anotorawo rutivi muHid Faillgations Programments (FIP), idzidzo ipi nero yemari inopfumisa mabasa. [[FL:] FHP MP peji[FUP]

Kupindirana

Madhipatimendi ehurumende anowanzobatira pamwe nemamwe masangano ehurumende . zvakadai semadhipatimendi outano hwendangariro, mabasa okuremara, kana kuti dziviriro yavatengi.(*) Kukurukura nhau dzinobatanidza. Somuenzaniso, munhu akaremara anotarisana norusaruro rwokugara angadawo tsigiro kubva kunzvimbo yekodzero dzehurumende dzinoremara. Kushanda kwemibato yehurumende uye kunongedzera kumiitiro yebasa kuvimbisa kuti kunyunyuta kwedzimba kwakaenzana kwakabatanidzwa namabasa enzanga.

Hurumende Dzomunzvimbomo Nemasangano Enzanga

Hurumende dzeguta neruwa dzinoita basa rinokosha mukushandisa mitemo yedzimba dzakarurama pasi. Madhipatimendi ehurumende anogovera rovedzo nezviwanikwa kuzviremera zvedzimba zvomunzvimbomo, madhipatimendi okuronga, uye mahofisi okutarisira nzanga. Masangano akavakirwa panzanga, akadai seNational Fair House Alliance nenzvimbo dzokugara dzakaisvonaka dzomunzvimbomo, anoshanda savabiyake vanokosha mukuwana nokusatendeseka. Mumaruwa akawanda, aya masangano anogamuchira mari kubva kudhipatipati yehurumende kuti aite kunzvera, kupa zano, uye dzidzo.

Zvinetso Nemhinganidzo Zvokufambira Mberi

Pasinei zvapo nezviitwa zvinooneka, madhipatimendi ehurumende anotarisana nezvipingamupinyi zvinoramba zvichitadzisa kubudirira kwawo.

Rusarura Rusina Kungwarirwa uye Rwusina Kurongwa

Zvimiro zvakashata zvokusarura, zvakadai sokuramba kurenda nenzira yapachivande kwakavakirwa padzinza, zvaderera zvikuru. Zvisinei, miitiro yamanomano zvikuru inopfuurira. Izvozvi zvinobatanidza kudhiraivha (vatengesi vapamusha kunharaunda dzakati vakavakirwa padzinza), kubvisa zvinodikanwa zvokushandisa (muchirevo, kunzvera kukuru nokuda kwavanhu veruvara), uye kuzivisa kwemiitiro kusingabatanidzi mapoka akati echiverengero chavagari vemo. Kuwana nokubvumikisa izvi zvinoitika kunoda kuedza kwamanomano nokunzvera mashoko, uko masangano mazhinji enyika anoshaiwa zviwiro zvokuita pamwero mukuru.

Vatsigiri Vanotsigira Nokubetsera

Kuchengetwa kwedzimba kwakanaka hakubvumirwi. Madhipatimendi akawanda ehurumende anoshanda nevashandi vaduku uye nemari shoma, zvikurukuru munyika duku kana kuti dzomumaruwa. Izvi zvinotungamirira kunguva refu dzokunyunyuta (dzimwe nguva makore) uye kutadza kuita kuti pave nokusashanda. Maererano nomushumo we2022 weReleader Conference on Civil and Human Rights, avhareji yenyika yokupedza kunyunyuta kwedzimba kwakarurama inopfuura mwedzi 14. Mune dzimwe nyika, kuronga mari kwakamanikidzira masangano kuderedza uye kurovedza mapurogiramu okudzidzisa paanenge achidiwa zvikuru.

Kudzokera Kumashure Kwezvamatongerwe Enyika Nekwepamutemo

Dzimwe hurumende dzemo uye vanotarisira zvinhu vanoramba kuchinja kwokukwanisa kuvaka dzimba mune dzimwe nharaunda, vachipikisana kuti dzinokanganisa kodzero dzezvinhu. Madhipatimendi ehurumende angatarisana nemhindu inobva kumapoka edzimba dzinonetsa. Uyezve, kuumbwa kwematare ematare uye matare ehurumende kungakanganisa kutsanangurwa kwemitemo yedzimba yakarurama, dzimwe nguva inoderedza kudzivirira.

Zvimiro Zvorusarura Zvinochinja

Sezvo misika yedzimba ichichinja, ndizvo zvinoitawo miitiro yokupa rusarura. Kumuka kwemapuraneti okurenda akadai seAirbnb naZisth kwaita nzira itsva dzokusarura. MaSaremori anosarudza kupfuudza imba kana kuti kubhadharwa kunogona kukanganisa ganda kana kuti mari. Masangano ehurumende anofanira kuramba achichinja nzira dzawo dzokuongorora uye kuvandudza mavakirwo azvo zvepamutemo kuti agadziridze zvinetso zviri kumuka. Izvi zvinoda kurovedzwa kupfuurira uye kugadziridzwa kwemichina inoshandiswa kugona kupedza mari.

Nhungamiro Dzomunguva Yemberi: Kusimbisa Kuedza Kwehurumende Kunoita Dzimba Dzakanaka

Kuvakira pafambiro mberi inoitwa, madhipatimendi ehurumende anogona kuita nhano dzinoverengeka dzokuwedzera simba rawo.

Ruzivo Rwokugadzira Zvinhu Rwokufambisa

Mitengo inoongorora inogona kubatsira madhipatimendi ehurumende kuziva nzira dzokupa mhosva zvakanaka. Somuenzaniso, kushandisa michina kudzidza kuongorora marongedzero ezvirongwa zvokurenda uye mutauro wokushambadza kunogona kutsiva kuputswa kungaitwa. Dzimwe nyika dziri kutoedza zvishandiso izvi. Chikamu cheNew York cheRevision of Human Rights chakafambisa gadziriro yakagadzirwa neatomu kuti chiongorore mashoko okushambadza paIndaneti. Kuwedzera ruzivo rwakadaro, rwakabatanidzwa nedziviriro dzakasimba dzemashoko, kunogona kuwedzera zvikuru kusvika kunhamburiko dzokuita kuti zvinhu zvishandiswe.

Mari Inowedzerwa Nokushandira

Masangano ehurumende anofanira kuziva kuti kuchengetwa kwedzimba kwakarurama imari inobhadharwa. Mari iri yose inopedzerwa pakuchengetwa inochengetedza mari yakawanda yemari mumari dzenzanga(dayamu inodzorwa neyava kushaya pokugara). Mapoka okuva nourongwa hwemari anoramba achitoita kuti hova dzemari dzitsaurwe nokuda kwemasangano edzimba akakwana. Dzimwe nyika dzakaita mari chaiyo kubva mufashoni uye nzvimbo kuti dzitsigire mabasa anopfuurira.

Kusimbisa Vakwanyina Vomunzanga

Masangano enzanga anovimbwa kazhinji kazhinji ipfundo rokutanga rokuonana kwavanyajambwa vorusaruro. Kupfurikidza nokukudza batano naaya mapoka, madhipatimendi ehurumende anogona kuvandudza ndokuderedza mhinganidzo dzokutsvaka nyunyuto. Zvinhu zvedzidzo zvinokwaniriswa zvetsika mumitauro mizhinji, zvinoshandurirwa mumitauro yakakwirira inotaurwa munyika imwe neimwe, zvinogona kuva nechokwadi chokuti hakuna munhu anosiiwa. Makiriniki emotokari nemiitiro yokunyunyuta zvinogona kubetsera kusvika vanhu vari munharaunda dziri kure kana kuti dziri pasi.

Kugadzirisa Zvinokonzera Kusarurana

Kuchengetwa kwedzimba kwakanaka kwoga hakugoni kubvisa makumi amakore okuchinja, kubvisa nzvimbo, uye kusaenzana kwemari. Madhipatimendi ehurumende anofanira kushanda pamwe chete namasangano edzimba nokuronga kuti atsigire mitemo yokuvaka inopfuudzira, kutsigira kusimudzirwa kwedzimba kwakakwana, uye kutsigira zvirongwa zvakadai sebetsero yemari inorendwa. Dzimwe nyika, dzakadai seOregon neCalifornia, dzakapa mitemo yokubvisa kuganhura mhuri imwe mukuda kwoukombiso, chiito icho masangano edzimba ehurumende akanaka akatsigira. Iyi chinjo yezvivako, yakabatanidzwa nokuchengetedzwa kwakasimba, inogona kuita misika yedzimba inoshanda zvakanaka.

Kusimbisazve Dzimba Dzinofadza (AFFH)

Hurumende yehurumende yeAFFH, inomutsidzirwa naHud, zvinoda kuti nyika nenharaunda zvitore nhano dzinoshanda kuti zvirwise kusarurana nokusimudzira kubatana. Madhipatimendi eHurumende anogona kutungamirira iyi nhamburiko kupfurikidza nokuitisa kunzvera kwakakwana kwemitoo yedzimba, kugadza nharidzano chaidzo nokuda kwokubviswa kwenzvimbo, uye kushuma pamusoro pefambiro mberi. Kunyange zvazvo mutemo wacho wakatarisana nedenho dzapamutemo nedzezvamatongerwe enyika, maruwa akawanda ari kufambira mberi nokuzvidira. Somuenzaniso, Department of Commerce raWashington State rakabatanidza nheyo dzeAFH mukuronga kwaro kwadzo, richishandisa mashoko okuziva nharaunda dzedzinza nedzemari.

Kupedzisa: Nzira Iri Mberi

Madhipatimendi ehurumende akazvibvumikisa amene kuva anokosha mukurwira dzimba dzakanaka. Kupfurikidza nokurongera, dzidzo, uye mitoo mitsva, akaderedza rusaruro, kuwedzerwa kwemikana, uye kuvakwa kwenzanga dzinoda kupfuudzwa. Zvisinei, basa harisati ratongopera. Sezvo rusaruro nemisika yedzimba zvinova zvakaoma zvikuru, aya masangano anofanira kuchinjira, kuisa muruzivo rutsva, uye kuumba mibatanidzwa mikuru. Nekuzvipira kwakasimba uye pfuma yakakwana, mapato enyika anogona kupfuurira kusunda nyika kuchipikirwa chedzimba dzakarurama nokuda kwavose.

Nokuda kwaavo vanotsvaka mashoko akawanda, Tsamba yeSahlulero Fair House Inforcement peji ne National Fair House House Alliance [[ inogovera zviwanikwa zvokuwedzera nemugadziridzo panhano dzehurumende.