Table of Contents

Mashoko anotaurwa nevatungamiriri vezvematongerwe enyika, vanoda kubhabhatidzwa, uye vanhu vane simba anokosha zvikuru, anokwanisa kubatana nokufambira mberi kana kuti kudyara kusawirirana nechisimba. Munhambo inoratidzwa nokuwedzera kwemapoka, kunzwisisa kuti mutauro wezvamatongerwe enyika unobatsira sei kumapoka enzanga uye chisimba zvazova zvinokosha zvikuru mukuchengetedza masangano ehurumende inosarudzwa nevanhu uye kubatana munzanga.

Ukama pakati pekutaura kwezvamatongerwe enyika kwokuzvitutumadza nekuvadziko yenzanga hwakaoma uye hune mhatsa. Nepo gakava rezvamatongerwe enyika nekusabvumirana zvikamu zvinokosha zvehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu vane utano hwakanaka, chimiro, kurongeka, uye zvirimo zvekurukurirano yezvamatongerwe enyika zvinogona kuparadzanisa kana kuti kukudza. Nzvero inokarakadza vezvamatongerwe enyika vangave vakaziviswa kuzivisa kutaura kwokuparadzana kuti vawedzere kupararira kweshoko ravo, vachiparira chisaririra chine ngozi apo mutauro unokamuranisa unova wakava womuzvarirwo uye unowedzerwa.

Simba Rinokosha Romutauro Wezvamatongerwe Enyika

Mashoko anoshanda kupfuura motokariwo zvadzo dzokukurukurirana nedzisiri nyore, dzinoshanda sezvinhu zvinoumba pfungwa, zvinochinja pfungwa, uye zvinopedzisira zvaita kuti vanhu vazviite.

Zvinhu zvemirau zvinonongedzera kumutauro nezvirimo zvekurukurirano, zvakadai sokuda kupindura mashoko nezvimwe zvinhu zveshoko zvinokuita kuti kuve sezvingabvira zvikuru kuparira paradzano kana kuti kubvisa. Kukumbira kwakavakirwa pamirangariro, nepo kumwe kwakavakirwa papfungwa; asi kumwe kunotanga nhauro dzinogombedzera dzakavakirwa pazviitiko chimwe kana kuti nhevedzano dzakarovedzeka. Uku kushandiswa kwomutauro kunobvumira vatambi vezvamatongerwe enyika kuronga nhau munzira dzinofambira mberi nharidzano dzavo, pane dzimwe nguva pakurasikirwa nenzanga.

Apo vezvamatongerwe enyika nguva dzose vanoshandisa madimikira akati, madimikira, kana kuti zvikarakadzo zvemirangariro, zvishoma nezvishoma vanochinja nzira iyo vateereri vavo vanonzwisisa nayo chokwadi chezvematongerwe enyika. Uyu muitiro unoitika zvikurukuru pasi pokuziva kwokungwarira, uchichiita kuti icho chive chine simba zvikuru uye chakaoma kukurira.

Kukurukurirana Zvakanaka

Kuronga kunoitika panguva ipi neipi apo mutambi wezvamatongerwe enyika (akadai somutsigiri kana kuti mutungamiriri wepfungwa) anosimbisa nhevedzano yerangariro dzakakodzera pamusoro penhau, mukwanyina kana kuti chinoitika, kuchitungamirira mitezo yavateereri vavo kufunga pamusoro wacho munzira yakati. iyi simbiso yakasarudzwa inosarudza kuti ndedzipi mativi enhau dzinogamuchira ngwariro uye ndedzipi dzinosara dziri shure.

Somuenzaniso, kutama kunogona kuiswa semukana wezvemari, kuitirwa hanya nevanhu, kutyisidzirwa, kana kuti chinetso chetsika.

Kunzwisisa Kuchinja Kwematongerwe Enyika: Mitiyo Nemadhingi

Kunzwisisa kusiyana - siyana uku kunokosha pakunzwisisa kuti kutaura kunoita sei kuti pave nokukamuka kwenzanga.

Kuchinja Kunoita Zvemawere

Chimiro chenzvimbo dzinogarwa nenzvimbo dzepasi chinonongedzera kudaro riri kukura pakati pamapoka ezvamatongerwe enyika panzvimbo dzemiitiro nemipimo. Apo mabato ezvamatongerwe enyika navatsigiri vawo vanogamuchira nzvimbo dzinopesana nenzira inowedzera panhau dzinovambira pamutero kusvikira kuzvoutano kusvikira kutsika yemhoteredzo, chikonzero chimwe chetecho chiri madikanwa nokuda kwokubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira. chimiro ichi chokuparadzana chakawedzera mumakumi amakore achangobva kupfuura aya, nenzvimbo dzebato dzichiva dzisingachinjiki uye dzinosiyanisika.

Kupfuura kuwedzera kwepfungwa, chimwe chinhu chikuru mukusabatana chave chiri kuzvidza kunowedzera uko vaRepublicans naDemocrates vakawanda vane nokuda kwebato rinopikisa. Nhasi, pfungwa idzi dzakakura uye dzakadzika kupfuura munguva ichangobva kupfuura iyi. Mashoko anozivisa muitiro unotambudza: 43% yavaRepublicans uye 38% veDemocrat zvino vanorangarira boka rakasiana mumashoko asina kunaka zvikuru, rinomirira kupfuura kupetwazve kwemirangariro yakaipa zvikuru kubvira muna 1994.

Kutapura Kunoita

Zvichida kunyange pamusoro pezvinopfuura misiano yepfungwa kukwira kwokuparadzana kwemirangariro nekusavimbana pakati pamapoka ezvamatongerwe enyika. Nyanzvi dzakataura kuti kutapura kuparadzana kwakanga kuchivhiringidza zvikuru kupfuura kupesana kwemiitiro nemhaka yokuti kwaipinda mutsika yenzanga yenyika. Uku kukura kwemirangariro yokuparadzana kunotapura kwete bedzi mufambiro wezvamatongerwe enyika asiwo ukama hwomunhu oga, zvisarudzo zvokugara, uye kunyange zvisarudzo zvemari.

Democracy iri mungozi apo vagari vemo vanova vanopesana kwazvo zvokuti kupesana nemurangariro wavo kunotonga. Iyi ndangariro yedzinza inoshandura vashori vezvamatongerwe enyika kubva kuvagari vemo biyavo vane mirangariro yakasiana kuva tyisidziro dzinovapo dzinofanira kukundwa pandyiko dzose. Marudzi ose matatu okuparadzana (ichidimbu kana kuti kupesana kwepfungwa, kugadziridzwa nokuparadzana kwemifungo) anogona kutungamirira vagari vemo kunzwisisa matongerwe enyika nenzanga mumashoko e 'us', nemigumisiro inobvira yeukama hwemapoka.

Zvinoitwa Nepfungwa Isina Kunaka

Kuparadzana kukuru kwakakura mumakumi amakore achangobva kupfuura kwakasundwa zvikurukuru nemirangariro isina kururama yavanhu vane pamusoro pevanhuwo zvavo vari kune rumwe rutivi chaivo — vanhu vezuva riri rose munharaunda yako kana kuti hofisi vanoitika kutsigira rimwe boka. Iyi mifungo yakaipa inowanzonyandurwa nenhau dzinoratidzira manzwi akanyanyisa nenzira isingaenzaniswi. Vatungamiriri vezvamatongerwe enyika vanogamuchira ngwariro hurusa yenhau kazhinji kazhinji ndivo mitezo yakanyanyisa zvikuru yebato ravo, kuruboshwe kana kuti kurudyi.

Izvi zvinoparira pfungwa isina kunaka apo vanhu vanofunga kuti nzvimbo dzakanyanyisa dzinomiririra maonero chaiwo ebato rinopikisa, apo chaizvoizvo vapanduki vakawanda vane nzvimbo dzine mwero.

Kuparadzanisa Kunoita Kukamuraniswa Kwenzanga

Kunzwisisa zvinhu izvi zvinokosha kuti tizive uye tidzivise kukurukurirana kunokuvadza mune zvematongerwe enyika.

Kuumba Mapoka Nemapoka

Imwe yenzira huru zvikurusa iyo kutaura kunokamuranisa kukamukana kwenzanga iri kupfurikidza nokusimbisa miganhu yeboka nemisiyano panzvimbo pezvinozivikanwa navose. Vatungamiriri vezvamatongerwe enyika avo vanoshandisa kutaura kunoparadzanisa nguva dzose chinosimbisa chinoparadzanisa "us" kubva "ivo," kuvaka nhauro umo kuzivikanwa kwezvamatongerwe enyika kunova chinhu chinokosha kukuzivikanwa kwomunhu oga.

Uyu muitiro wokuisa boka mumapoka unoita kuti kushanda kwendangariro kune simba kuve nesimba. Vanhu pavanongowirirana zvikuru neboka rezvematongerwe enyika, vanowanzorangarira mitezo ine boka rakanaka zvikuru neboka rimwe nenzira yakaipa zvikuru, kunyange apo misiyano yezvakananga inenge iri miduku. Uku kusarura kunotambanukira kupfuura nhau dzezvamatongerwe enyika kuti kupesvedzedze rutongeso pamusoro pohunhu, kukwanisa, uye kuvimbika.

Uku kudzivisa kunooneka mukusimbisa nzvimbo kana kuti murangariro womunhu uripo, kudzongonyedza kuva musonganiro wenzanga navamwe vanozivikanwa sevane mirangariro inopesana, uye kazhinji kazhinji kwakaipa kunotapura mukurwisana neboka rapanze. Muuyo idenderedzwa rokuzvizivisa uko kuzivikanwa kweboka kunova kwakasimba zvikuru nokushora kukura kweboka.

Kubviswa Pamunhu uye Kuitwa Madhimoni

Pakati penzira dzine ngozi zvikurusa dzokutaura dzinoparadzanisa ndiwo mutauro unoshatisa kana kuti unoita kuti vashori vezvematongerwe enyika vasave nounhu kana kuti mapoka akati.Vatungamiriri vezvematongerwe enyika pavanorondedzera vashori se "vavengi," kana kuti "kutyisidzira rudzi, kana kuti kushandisa madimikira emhuka, vanobvisa rudzi rwomunhu rwaavo vari kuitirwa utsinye. Uku kubvisa urudzi mundangariro kunoita kuti kuve nyore zvikuru kururamisa zviito zvinokuvadza mukurwisana neboka rinoitirwa utsotsi.

Mienzaniso yenhau inoratidza migumisiro inoparadza yokutaura kwevanhu.

Kushandiswa kwamadhemoni kunobatanidza kuratidzira vashori kwete bedzi sevakaipa asi savakaipa, noushati. More Republicans kupfuura Democrates vanoona mitemo yebato rinopikisa setyisidziro. Zvizere 66% yavaRepublicans vechechecheche nguva dzose vanofunga kuti Democrates dzinotyisidzira garikano yenyika. Nokuenzanisa, hafu 50% yeDemocrates dzinotaura kuti mitemo yeRepublican inopinza mungozi zvakanaka zvenyika. Apo misiyano yezvamatongerwe enyika inodzorwa mumipimo, inova isingangova bedzi inotyisidzira garikano yakaoma asi inonyumwira mutsika.

Kusimbisa Nokuzvitutumadza

Kutaura kunopesana kazhinji kazhinji kunotsamira pazvinofungwa kuti zvinoratidzira nzanga dzakati nenzira yakaipa. Uku kunyanyisa kunoderedza mapoka akaoma kuva mashoo akareruka, kuchikuita kuti kuve nyore kuvapomera mhaka nokuda kwezvinetso zvenzanga. Kupomera mhaka kuboka rakati nokuda kwezvinetso zvikuru zvenzanga, zvemari, kana kuti zvezvamatongerwe enyika, kunopa tsananguro dzakapfava dzezvinetso zvakaoma apo kutungamirira hasha nekangaidziko kuvanhu vasina dziviriro.

Apo unobatanidza aya migariro navatungamiriri vanosundwa nezvamatongerwe enyika, kutaura kunoshuviwa nemhoteredzo yamashoko yamano anodzorwa nemhepo, kunova kuri nyore kuti vanhu vape mhaka chinhu chiri chose chavari kutambura kune rumwe rutivi. Iri simba zvikurukuru mukati menguva dzokusava nechokwadi kwezvemari, chinjo yenzanga, kana kuti njodzi yenyika, apo vanhu vanotsvaka tsananguro nokuda kwefunganyo dzavo nezvigumburo.

Mutauro Unopisa Mukati Menhimbe

Kukwikwidzana kwesarudzo kunogona kuderedza mutauro unotutumadza, zvikurukuru munzvimbo dzinobudisa nhau umo kutaura kwokunyanyisa kunoparira kufukidzwa kukuru nokuvimbisa kupfuura kuvimbisana.

Apo vezvamatongerwe enyika vanosimudzira zvikuru kukamukana kwepfungwa, vanogamuchira kurava kwakawanda paTutter, vachiparira sundo dzakashata dzekurukurirano inokamuranisa. Uku simba rinowedzerwa nezvikamu zvemagariro avanhu zvine maatomu anowanzoisa bvumirano pamusoro pokururama kana kuti kuchena, kureva kuti zviri mukati macho zvinowana kuoneka kusina kuenzana.

Kubatana Pakati Pekudanana Nechisimba

Ukama pakati pokutaura kwezvamatongerwe enyika namasimba masimba hunomirira imwe yeitiro hanya hurusa pamusoro pekurukurirano yezvamatongerwe enyika inokamuranisa.

Ufakazi Hwokunzvera Uroma Namasimba Masimba

Kuongorora nezvechisimba muSweden kwakaratidza kuti kutaura kworuvengo kunonyandura mirangariro yakaipa kunzanga yevateereri, uye kumwe kuongorora kwevateereri vokuEurope kwakaratidza kuti kuratidzirwa kukutaura kwechisimba kwevezvematongerwe enyika kunowedzera kutsigira masimba masimba ezvematongerwe enyika pakati peavo vakanzverwa.

Nzvero yamarudzi ose inogovera ufakazi hunogombedzera hweichi batano. Nyika umo vezvamatongerwe enyika vanowanzobatanidza kutaura kworuvengo mukutaura kwavo kwezvamatongerwe enyika pakupedzisira dzinova nougandanga hwavagari vemo hwakawanda. Nyika dzakadai seCosta Rica kana kuti Finland, umo vezvamatongerwe enyika "vasingatongorina" kushandiswa kutaura kworuvengo, dzakatambura avhareji yezviitiko zvougandanga hwomudzimba pakati pa 2000 na 2017. Nyika umo vezvamatongerwe enyika vakawanikwa kuva "panguva imwe" kushandisa kutaura kworuvengo kwakaitika paavhareji. Zvisinei, ugandanga hwaigara munyika umo vezvamatongerwe enyika vaishandisa kutaura kworuvengo "kazhinji" kana kuti "nguva dzose," dzinotambura avhareji yebwurumbiyo ye10.9.9.

MuGermany, kumwe kuongorora kwakawana kuti kuwedzera kwepfungwa dzokuvenga kupotera paFacebook kwakaita kuti chisimba chiwedzere pakurwisa vapoteri: Apo Facebook yaipera, kana kuti apo zviitiko zvakasiyana - siyana zvainyanya munhau, chisimba chakapera.Kutsvakurudza uku kunoratidza ukama hwenguva pfupi pakati pemashoko anotutumadza paIndaneti uye chisimba panzvimbo yapachivande.

Michina Inobatanidza Kurwisana

Kushandisa mashoko akadai kunoita kuti vanhu vaone sokuti kurwisana kwacho kunogamuchirika kana kuti kunotodiwa pakugadzirisa matambudziko ezvematongerwe enyika.

Chechipiri, kutaura kwokushatirisa kunogona kuita kuti vanhu vade kupfurikidza nokuvaratidzira vafumurazve kumirangariro yakanyanyisa nerondedzero dzerangano. Uku kuronga kunogona kuita kuti vanhu vachinjike, kuchivaita kuti vave nomukana mukuru wokururamisa masimba masimba semhinduro yapamutemo kutyisidziro dzinooneka. Apo vatungamiriri vezvamatongerwe enyika vanoumba migariro mumashoko eapocalypse kana kuti vanokarakadza kuti miitiro yedemocracy iri kukundikana, vamwe vanhu vangagumisa kuti chiito chokuwedzera chinoitwa nemitemo chinoruramiswa.

Chechitatu, mashoko okuvenga anogona kunyandura mirangariro ine ngozi uye kuparira mamiriro ezvamatongerwe enyika ane ngozi zvikuru.

Muuyo Unoderedza Wezvinobudisa Nhau Zvenzanga

Kutaura kwevezvematongerwo enyika kunobva kuvatungamiriri vezvematongerwo enyika vachirwisana nevezvematongerwe enyika, mapoka maduku, uye zvimwe zvipfuro kunowanzokwidziridzwa nokukurumidza.Vatungamiriri vane manyuko makuru enzanga vachaona kutaura kwavo kuchinyepera uye neimwe nzira kuchigoveranwa nemamiriyoni evateveri.

Kuomesa uku kunoparira zvinetso zvinoverengeka. Chokutanga, kunotambanudza mashoko anorwadza kupfuura zvikuru vateereri vavo vapakuvamba. Chechipiri, kunoparira nzvimbo dzokudzokorora umo vanhu vanoratidzirwa varatidzirwazve kumashoko akakomba akafanana, vachisimbisa nokuwedzera mirangariro yavo.

Kuwedzera kwekuparadzana kwezvamatongerwe enyika, murutivi, kunonzi kwakaparirwa nokukamukana kwezvinobudisa nhau nokuparadzirwa kwemashoko asina kururama pasocialm medication.

Mano Neganhuriro

Nepo ufakazi hukuru huchibatanidza kutaura kwokututumadza namasimba masimba, ukama hwacho hahusi hwakapfava kana kuti husingachinjiki. Nzvero yemisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi yakabudisa zviwanwa zvakajeka zvikuru.Kumwe kunzvera kunowana ufakazi hushomanene hwokuti kutaura kwokututumadza, zvakananga kana kuti nenzira isina kunanga, kunosimudzira tsigiro yamasimba masimba okumukira anokurira, uye kunowana ufakazi hushomanene hunowirirana hwekutaura kwokuzvimbanutsa kwechipfuvara kwechinyakare (hwunofungidzirwa kuti kwakaitwa naTrump kana kuti kwete) tsigiro inowedzera yamasimba masimba ezvematongerwe enyika.

Zvisinei, pane uchapupu hwokuti kutaura kunogona kuwedzera kutsigira chisimba chezvematongerwe enyika pakati pemamwe mapoka akaderera.

Vanhu vokuAmerica vanoona kutaura kwokututumadza, pamwe chete nokupararira kwemirangariro inonyanyisa paInternet, sezvo zvinhu zviviri zvokupomera mhaka zvikurusa nokuda kwamasimba masimba ezvematongerwe enyika munyika yacho.

Mienzaniso Yomunguva Yakapfuura Yemasimba Masimba Aiitika Kare

Nhoroondo dzakaitika dzinopa mienzaniso yakawanda yematauriro akaita zvematongerwo enyika kukurudzira chisimba, kubva kunyongana uye kuvengana kusvika kuhondo nokuparadza rudzi.

Gano Rava kuRwanda

Kuparadza rudzi kweRwanda kwa1994 kwave mumwe wemienzaniso inotyisa zvikurusa yamasimba masimba okutaura munhau yazvino uno. Kutepfenyura nekubudisa nhau kwakaderedza chiverengero chavagari vemo vechiTutsi nenzira ine nhevedzano, kuchinongedzera kwavari se "mabhambo" uye kukumbira kubviswa kwavo. Iyi nhimbe yakasimba yokutaura kworuvengo yakaparira migariro yendangariro yakagonesa vagariwo zvavo vemo kutora rutivi mukuponda kukuru. Mhaka yeRwanda inoratidza kuti kutaura kwezvamatongerwe enyika kunogona sei kuchinja kusawirirana kwechisimba chapashure kuva masimba masimba apo kunobatanidzwa nokusagadzikana kwezvamatongerwe enyika nemapoka edzinza.

Zviitiko Zvenguva Ino

Kuongororwa kwezvinoratidzwa kwakabudiswa neEl Paso Walmart flasher Patrick Crusius, uyo akauraya vanhu 23, zvikurukuru venhaka yeHispanic, akawana kuti akashandisa mashoko akadai se "Invasion" uye "kutsiva," kunyora parondedzero dzemhesano dzinosimudzirwa navanoshambadzira. Chinoitika ichi chine ngwavaira chinoratidzira kuti vatambi vezvamatongerwe enyika vanogona sei kupesvedzera vatambi vamwe navamwe kuita masimba masimba.

Sangano rinodzivisa kurwisana nevaxter, kudzongonyedzwa kwamasimba masimba eUS Capitol, uye Red Fort muIndia zvimwe zviitiko chaizvoizvo izvo zvinoratidzira zvose zviri zviviri kukamukana kukuru muhurukuro yavose pamwe chete nokukuvadza kwayo kwakakomba. Izvi zvinoitika zvinoratidza kuti masimba masimba okutaura haasati achiganhurirwa kunyika ipi neipi kana kuti gadziriro yezvamatongerwe enyika asi anomirira denho yenyika yose.

Basa Rezvinobudisa Nhau Mukupesana Kukuru

Masangano ezvinobudisa nhau (] ose ari maviri egamuchidzanwa neatcation) anoita basa rinokosha mukuwedzera kana kuti zvimwe kupedza tapuro dzinoparadzanisa dzamashoko ezvematongerwe enyika. Kunzwisisa basa iri kunokosha mukupedza kusabatana uye masimba masimba.

Kuchinja Kunoita Zvezvinobudisa Nhau Zvemagamuchidzanwa

Zvinobudisa nhau zvamagamuchidzanwa zvazova zvinoparadzaniswa nenzira inowedzera munyika dzakawanda, nenzvimbo dzakasiyana - siyana dzinogovera vateereri vakasiyana - siyana vanotora rutivi.imwe nzvero yakawana zviri mukati maFox News zvakawanwa zvikuru, nepo NBC yakanga isina kusiiwa.

Nzvero inowana nguva dzose kuti kunzvera kwezvokubudisa nhau kunoparira paradzano. Apo vanhu vanoshandisa zvikurukuru zvinobudisa nhau zvinowirirana nemirangariro yavo yezvamatongerwe enyika, vanova vanonyanyisa zvikuru mumirangariro iyoyo uye havanzwisisi mifungo mishoma. Ikoku kunoparira chisiko chapose pose chakasiana uko mapoka akasiana - siana anoshanda nenzwisiso huru dzakasiana zvikuru namaidi makuru.

Zvinhu Zvikuru Zvinobudiswa Nezvinobudisa Nhau Zvenzanga

Nzvero dzakaitwa dzakawana kuti nokufamba kwenguva mashoko ari paTutter aikanganisa pfungwa uye aipesana zvikuru, kunyange zvazvo zvinhu zvainge zvachinja - chinja munzvimbo dzakasiyana - siyana.

Zvisinei, ukama huri pakati pezvinobudisa nhau nepokudimburana hwakaoma. Nzvero dzakawanda dzinoratidza kuti vaAmerica vazhinjisa havasati vari kutsvaka nhau dzezvamatongerwe enyika pasocial network, naizvozvo batano dzakashata dzavanowana nezvinobudisa nhau zvoruzhinji dzinovabatanidza nenhau shoma.

Ikoku kunokarakadza kuti tapuro dzinoparadzanisa dzemagariro avanhu dzakanangidzirwa pakati pavashingairi vezvamatongerwe enyika navagari vemo vakavimbiswa zvikuru, avo ipapo vangava nepesvedzero isingaenzaniswi pahurukuro yezvamatongerwe enyika nokuunganidza. Zvikuva zvimene hazvisi kuparadzanisa zvakafanana asi zvinoparira tapuro dzakasiana - siana nokuda kwavashandisi vakasiana - siana dzakavakirwa pamiitiro yavo yokuvimbisana nebatano dzesocine.

Mashoko

Miuyo yenhau iripo, asi haishandi seizvo vanhu vanowanzorangarira nezvinobudisa nhau vachiita zvose zvinonyengetedza. Zvinobudisa mashoko muzvimiro zvose zvinogamuchira zvisarudzo zvavateereri nemifambiro zvakafanana nokumwe. Nenzira isingafadzi, mitoo yamashoko yatinoguma taratidzirwa kumapoka anoramba aripo.

Uhu ukama hwezvinobudisa nhau nevateereri hunoparira mashoko anobatsira. Zvinobudisa nhau zvinobudisa mashoko zvinokwezva vateereri, uye vateereri vanosarudza zvinobudisa nhau zvinotsigira zvavanoda. Vatungamiriri vezvamatongerwe enyika vanochinja kutaura kwavo kuti vakurukure, uye zvinobudisa nhau zvinobatanidza mashoko anoshamisa zvikuru uye anomutsa nharo. Mugumisiro wacho igadziriro inoparira kutaura kwokuzvimba uye mashoko anokamuranisa muzvinhu zvose zvipenyu nemhoteredzo yazvo.

Michina Yokuita Kuti Kuora Mwoyo Kuve Mupfungwa Nemunzanga

Kunzwisisa mashandiro anoita pfungwa uye magariro anoitwa nemashoko anoshandiswa kuderedza kubatana kunokosha pakugadzira kupindira kunobudirira.

Kurangarira Kunosundwa uye Kusimbisa

Kufunga uku kunonyanya kuva nesimba mune zvematongerwo enyika uko zvitendero zvinobatanidzwa neboka uye tsika. Kana vanhu vachiona kutaura kwokuzvitutumadza kunoenderana nokuzivikanwa kwavo mune zvematongerwe enyika, kazhinji kacho vanotokubvuma vasingatsoropodzi, asi vachiramba mashoko anopesana pasinei nokuti akarurama sei.

Kutsigira pfungwa dzevamwe kunoita kuti vanhu vasanyanya kuvimba nenzvimbo dzavo asi vasanyanya kuziva zvimwe zvinhu zvine musoro.

Mararamiro Anoita Vanhu uye Masangano

Vanhu vakawanda pavanonyanya kuzviona sevanhu vanorwisana nezvamatongerwe enyika, kusawirirana mune zvematongerwo enyika kunobva kwaita kuti vanhu vanyanye kunetseka pavanotaura zvematongerwo enyika uye izvozvo zvinoita kuti zviome kubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira.

Vanhu pavanowedzera kuva nechekuita nezvinenge zvichidiwa nevanhu, vanotanga kuva nenzvimbo dzakanyanyisa.

Kutyisidzira Nokutya

Kutaura kwokuparadza kunowanzoshanda kupfurikidza nokunyandura nzwisiso nerutyo. Apo vatungamiriri vezvamatongerwe enyika vanoumba migariro setyisidziro dziripo kana kuti vanorondedzera vashori sevane ngozi, vanonyandura mhinduro dzendangariro idzo dzinoisazve dziviriro yeboka pamusoro pebatira pamwe. Nhamburiko dzokutaura pamusoro pekusada kuberekana kwemirangariro dzinogona kuvandudza kunzwisisa ndokuderedza fungira mano yakaipa, asi iyi mitoo haisati ichizoguma nefambiro mberi yenzanga kana kuti yezvamatongerwe enyika kutoti ukama hwokuvimba hunotangwa pakupedzisira hunotungamirira kubatira pamwe. Kupindira kunobudirira zvikurusa kwokuderedza zvose zviri zviviri kutapura kubatana kwepasi penyika nezvimiro zvehurumende kunobatanidza rutyo rwokusafunga kuti rumwe rutivi ruve donzo pakuputsa mirangariro yedemocrati.

Kutaura kunotsigirwa norutyo kunobudirira zvikurukuru pakuunganidza vatsigiri asiwo kunokuvadza zvikurukuru kubatira pamwe kwenzanga.

Migumisiro Yokuzvitutumadza Kupfuura Chisimba

Nepo masimba masimba achimirira mugumisiro unoshamisa zvikurusa wokutaura kunokamuranisa, kukamukana kunoparira mimwe miuyo yakawanda inokuvadza panzanga, kudzora, uye garikano yomunhu oga.

Kushanda Kwedemocratic Democratic Democratic Demons

Kuparadzana kukuru kunosekesa kushanda kwamasangano ehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Apo masangano ezvamatongerwe enyika anorangarira tyisidziro dziripo sedziripo panzvimbo pedzinokwikwidzana dzapamutemo, tsika dzemakwikwi edemokrasi dzinoputsika.Repablican Party yakatanga kutsiva kuwanda, mwero, uye kubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira kupfurikidza nokutsunga kunorangwa kwe "kubvisa, kuzvidza, uye kubvisa" chinhu chiri chose parutivi rumwe rutivi rwenzvimbo yezvamatongerwe enyika.

Kushandisa zvamatongerwe enyika uku kunoita kuti kudzorwa kuve kusingabviri. Kubvumirana kunova nengozi mune zvematongerwe enyika, sezvo vezvamatongerwe enyika vanoshanda mumitsetse yebato vanozviisa mungozi yokudenhwa savatengesi kurutivi rwavo. Muuyo wacho itsika, hurumende inorambidza, uye kukundikana kupedza zvinetso zvorudzi zvinomanikidzira.

Hurumende inowanzoratidzika kuva isingabatanidzwi kana kuti isingagamuchiri, uko kuri chimwe chikonzero chokuvimba nehurumende namasangano kwakasvika kuderera kwenhau. Uku kuderera kwechivimbo kunoparira nhambo yakaipa umo kusashanda zvakanaka kunoparira kusakendenga, ukowo kunoita kuti kubatira pamwe kuve kwakaoma zvikuru.

Kuparadzana Munzanga

Kuchinja kunotambanukira kupfuura zvamatongerwe enyika kuti kudzore ukama hwomunhu oga noupenyu hwenzanga. Vateveri vanoratidzira mufambiro unoparadzanisa zvikuru muupenyu hwavo hwomunhu oga; ivo vane bviro hurusa yokuva neshamwari uye vanoda nzanga dzavanhu vane ndangariro dzakafanana. Apo vanhu vanowedzera kuzvibatanidza vamene munzanga dzakabatana dzezvamatongerwe enyika uye masangano enzanga, mikana yokunzwisisana kwechipano chepakati pemichinjikwa inoderera.

Kusarudza magariro evanhu uku kunosimbisa kusabatana kwematongerwe enyika nokuderedza kushamwaridzana kwevanhu nemaonero akasiyana - siyana ezvematongerwo enyika, maonero akasiyana - siyana uye pfungwa dzisina kunaka zviri kubudirira.

Migumisiro Yezvemari Neutano

Kupesana mune zvematongerwo enyika kunogona kuchinja zvisarudzo zvemari, kubva pakuwana basa rokuwana mari, kushandira pamwe kwemabhizimisi kusvika pakusarudza mashandiro avanoita mari uye nzira dzokuchengetedza mari. Kana kuzivikanwa kwematongerwe enyika kuchikanganisa mararamiro ezvemari, kunoderedza kubudirira kwose.

Migumisiro youtano yokusagadzikana kwenzanga inobatanidza funganyo yakawedzerwa, funganyo, uye kuora mwoyo zvine chokuita nerwisano dzezvematongerwe enyika. Kuratidzirwa kwenguva dzose kukutaura kwokuzvitutumadza nerwisano yezvamatongerwe enyika kunoparira kuvadziko yendangariro, zvikurukuru nokuda kwaavo vanobatanidzwa zvikurusa namatongerwe enyika. Masangano ari kuva nemwero yakakwirira yedzvinyiriro dzenzanga nebatira pamwe yenzanga zvakaderedzwa, izvo zviri zvinodzivisa zvinokosha zvoutano negarikano.

Zvirongwa Zvokuderedza Kukuvadza Kwepfungwa uye Kuita Kuti Pave Nekuwedzera

Kugadzirisa zvinetso zvinokonzerwa nokusabatana kwemashoko kunoda kuti vanhu vade kuita zvakawanda, kubva kune vagari vomunyika kusvika kuvatungamiriri vezvematongerwo enyika kusvika kuzvinhu zvinogadziriswa.

Vatungamiriri Nokukurukurirana Kwematongerwe Enyika

Vatungamiriri vematongerwo enyika vane mutoro mukuru wehurukuro yavose, vanogona kusarudza kusimbisa zvikonzero zvinopindirana pane kusiyana kwematongerwo anoitwa vanhu pane kuvaita madhimoni, uye kukumbira kuti vabatane pane kuvatsigirawo pane kuva kuvimbika kwemadzinza.

Miitiro chaiyo iyo vatungamiriri vanofanira kushandisa inobatanidza:

  • Kushurikidza mabasa ose amasimba masimba ezvamatongerwe enyika pasinei zvapo nesundo, kuderedza tembiricha kupfurikidza nokudana runyararo neshiviriro, uye kuenzanisira mutauro wokuremekedza pakutaura pamusoro pavanyajambwa
  • Kudzivisa kuita dhimoni uye kubvisa unhu hwomunhu upi noupi kana kuti boka
  • Kwete kuwedzera rondedzero dzechitsotsi namashoko asina kuenzana, uye kwete kukatutsira nokushandisa kutaura kwetyisidziro dziripo, kubatanidza nongedzero kuhondo yavagari vemo kana kuti kuenzanisa zvitendero zvekunyanyisa namapoka makuru ezvamatongerwe enyika
  • Kunyanya kufunga nezvemaitiro akasiyana pane kurwisa munhu oga
  • Kubvuma kuitira hanya kwapamutemo kwevavengi kunyange vachiramba mhinduro dzavo

Mutoro Wezvinobudisa Nhau Nechinjo

Masangano ezvinobudisa nhau anogona kuita basa rinovaka mukuderedza kuparadzana kupfurikidza nokuita zvisarudzo zvamaune pamusoro pokubhadharwa nokuratidzwa kwenhau.

Zvinokosha kuti makambani anobudisa nhau angwarire kumisa kutaura kwechisimba uye kuti mutemo udzore nokukurumidza, chisimba chisati chapararira.Masangano enzanga anofanira kunyanya kuongororazve kukanganiswa kwemashoko anoparadzanisa uye kugadzira gadziriro dziri nani dzokuziva nokuderedza kupararira kwemashoko okurwarisa uye mashoko asina kururama.

Nzvero inoratidza kuti tapuro dzakashata dzokuparadzana kwenyika hadzioneki zvikuru pakati pavakuru vakuru vomunzvimbomo nenzanga dzomunzvimbomo. Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzine chimiro chakasiana chokubatira pamwe nokubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira mumitsetse yebato. Kutsigira zvinyorwa zvomunzvimbomo nebvumirano yezvamatongerwe enyika zvomunzvimbomo kungabetsera kurwisa kuderera kweruwa kupfurikidza nokusimbisa chinetso chinoshanda pamusoro perwisano yepfungwa.

Kusimudzira Kurava Nokunyora Nokufunga Kunonetsa

Vagari vemo vanofanira kuva nounyanzvi hwokushandisa mashoko akaoma kunzwisisa uye kuziva mashoko okuzvitutumadza nokushandisa madhiragi.

  • Ziva kuvhiringidzwa kwepfungwa uye kukurudzirwa nerutyo
  • Ziva mutauro unoderedza unhu uye kushatisa
  • Tendera manyuko uye simbisa mashoko usati wagoverana
  • Nzwisisa kuti maarufabheti anoita kuti mashoko ashande sei
  • Tsvaka nzira dzakasiyana - siyana dzokubudisa nhau uye kunyora nhau kwakanaka
  • Kusiyana kuripo pakati pokusawirirana kwezvamatongerwe enyika kwakarurama nokutaura kwokunyanyisa

Unyanzvi uhwu hunokosha zvikuru kune vechiduku vakakurira munzvimbo dzine mativi akasiyana - siyana uye vangasava noruzivo rwehurukuro dzinovaka zvikuru mune zvematongerwe enyika.

Kukurudzira Kukurukura Kunovaka

Kuronga mikana yokukurukurirana zvinovaka pamapoka ezvematongerwo enyika kunogona kubatsira kuderedza kupesana nokunzwisisa zvinhu zvisina kutsarukana uye kuvaka kunzwisisa.

  • Ramba uchiteerera uye uchinzwisisa pane kunyengetedza
  • Ratidza kuti waikoshesa zvinhu zvakafanana uye kuti vanhu vose vainetsekawo nezvazvo
  • Vakirai nzvimbo dzakachengeteka dzokutaurirana
  • Taurai nyaya chaidzo dzemunyika yenyu pane kukurukura nyaya dzisinganzwisisiki
  • Kuvaka ukama munguva ino kwete kusangana kwoga
  • Vaudzewo vamwe vanhu vakasiyana - siyana vane maonero akasiyana - siyana

While dialogue alone cannot solve structural problems or resolve deep policy disagreements, it can reduce the emotional animosity and misperception that fuel polarization. When people have personal relationships with those who hold different political views, they are less susceptible to dehumanizing rhetoric about the opposing side.

Kuchinja Kwezvirongwa uye Kwezvirongwa

Zvimwe zvinhu zvokuparadzana zvinobva muzvivako zvinowedzera kutaura kunoparadzanisa uye kurwisana kwevanoparadza.

  • Kuchinja zvinhu kwakadai sokuvhota kwakarongwa kunoderedza zvido zvokuva nezvinzvimbo zvakanyanyisa
  • Kuedza kugadzirisa zvinhu mune zvemari kunoderedza simba revapi vepfungwa vakanyanyisa
  • Kuderedza kuchinja zvinhu kuti kuderedzwa kuderedza kukwikwidza uye kuparira maruwa akawanda okukwikwidzana
  • Chinjo kumiitiro yomutemo inokurudzira batira pamwe yebhiparishoni
  • Kusimbisa hurumende yemo nemasangano ehurumende
  • Kutsigira masangano enhau akazvimirira uye kuongorora chokwadi

Kuchinja uku kunogona kuchinja zvido zvevatambi vezvematongerwo enyika, zvichiita kuti kushandira pamwe kuve kusingabatsiri.

Zviito uye Kubatanidzwa Kwechibvumirano

Vagari vemo vamwe navamwe vanogona kubetsera kuderedza kuparadzana kupfurikidza nezvisarudzo zvavo vamene zvekurukurirano nebvumirano yavagari vemo. Ikoku kunobatanidza:

  • Kuenzanisira kusawirirana kunoremekedza mukukurukurirana kwomunhu oga
  • Kuramba kugoverana mashoko anorwadza kana kuti asina kusimba pasocial network
  • Kutsvaka mashoko akasiyana - siyana uye maonero
  • Kuita mabasa omunharaunda anoita kuti pave nemapoka akasiyana - siyana
  • Vanotsigira vafundisi vezvamatongerwe enyika vanosimbisa chinzwano pamusoro pemapoka
  • Kudanidzira kutaura kunoderedza unhu kunyange apo kunobva kurutivi rwomunhu amene
  • Kunzwira tsitsi uye kuedza kunzwisisa zvinonetsa pfungwa dzinopesana

Nepo zviito zvomunhu oga zvingaratidzika kuva zviduku zvichienzaniswa nemwero wokuparadzana, chinjo dzakabatana mumiitiro nomufambiro zvinogona kuchinja tsika dzakafara zvikuru dzezvamatongerwe enyika. Kuparadzana kukurusa kwezvamatongerwe enyika kunobatanidzwa nokushingaira zvikuru mune zvamatongerwe enyika, kuchikudza manzwi ayo asingadi kuona mapati achisangana pakati. Mipimo neavo vakazvipira kukurukurirano inovaka vanofanira kuva vanobatanidzwa zvakaenzana kurwisana namanzwi anonyanyisa.

Nzira Yacho Inofambira Mberi: Kuvaka Tsika Yematongerwe Enyika Inobatanidza Zvose Zvematongerwe Enyika

Kugadzirisa zvinetso zvinokonzerwa nokutaura nokusabatana kunoda kuzvipira kunoramba kuripo kubva kumativi ose enzanga.

Chinokosha kuziva kuti kusawirirana kwezvematongerwe enyika ndokwomuzvarirwo uye kwakanaka muhurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, asi nzira yatinoita nayo kusabvumirana ikoko ine chokuita zvikuru. Tinogona kuva nekurukurirano dzakasimba pamusoro pomuitiro tichiri kubata vashori savagari vemo biyako vakafanirwa noruremekedzo.

Kuumba tsika yezvamatongerwe enyika inobatanidza zvakawanda kunoda kuchinja kupfuura "us kana kuti iwo" murangariro uyo zvino unodzora hurukuro huru yezvamatongerwe enyika. Ikoku hakurevi kurega mipimo kana kuti zvisarudzo zvetsika zvakatsiga, asi panzvimbo pezvo kuziva kuti avo vasingabvumirani havasati vari vavengi kuti vaparadzwe asi vagari biyavo vatinofanira kugoverana navo nzanga.

Vatungamiriri vezvamatongerwe enyika vane musengwa chaiwo wokuenzanisira kutaura kunovaka uye kuisa pakutanga kuvadziko yakanaka kupfuura betsero inopesana. Masangano enhau anofanira kudzikamisa kurudziro dzezvokutengeserana dzinotsigira gutsikano yokunyanyisa nemitoro yawo yokuzivisa nokubatira hurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Vagari vanofanira kukumbira zviri nani kuvatungamiriri nezvinobudisa nhau apo vanenge vachinzverawo kushandisa kwavo vamene nokugoverana zviri mukati ezvematongerwe enyika.

Masangano enzanga anogona kuronga nzvimbo dzokukurukurirana uye kushandira pamwe mune zvematongerwe enyika. Makambani ezvoruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu anofanira kunyanya kukoshesa kudzidzisa vanhu uye kunyora nyaya dzemapepanhau uye kushanda nesimba kuti aderedze kukamukana kwezvinhu zviri munyika.

Kubva pakusadzorwa, kuparadzana kukuru kunotyisidzira masangano ehurumende yedemocracy, kubatana, uye kunyange kuchengeteka kwomuviri. Asi nenhamburiko yakavhengana mumativi akawanda, kunobvira kuderedza kubatana ndokuumba tsika dzezvamatongerwe enyika idzo dzinopesana nemitemo inovaka panzvimbo penhungamiro dzinoparadza.

Basa iri harisi nyore uye harizoitiki nokukurumidza. Kuchinja mamiriro ezvinhu kwave kuchigadzirwa kwemakumi emakore uye kuchaita kuti pave nenhamburiko yokuchinja. Asi kupesana kunotozoda kubvumira kupesana kupfuurira kukudza,(hakugamuchiriki). Munhu wose, sangano, uye sangano, ane basa rokuita mukusarudza nzira iri nani.

Mugumisiro: Simba uye Mutoro Wemashoko

Mashoko akasarudzwa nevatungamiriri vezvematongerwe enyika, anowedzerwa nezvinobudisa nhau, uye anoparadzirwa nevagari vemo anoita kuti mhoteredzo umo utongi hwehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu hungave hunobudirira kana kuti hunoderera. Apo kutaura kunosimbisa vanhu vose, kugoverana zvinetso, uye zvigadzikiso zvinovaka, zvinogona kubatanidza vanhu vakasiyana - siyana pazvinangwa zvakafanana. Apo inoderedza vashori, inowedzeredza tyisidziro, uye inonyandura mirangariro, inoparira kupesana nechisimba.

Ufakazi huri pachena kuti kutaura kwokuzvitutumadza kwezvamatongerwe enyika kunoparira zvose zviri zviviri mapoka enzanga namasimba masimba. Nzvero inoratidzira batano pakati pomutauro woruvengo nougandanga, pakati pomutauro unoshatisa ruvengo neutsotsi hworuvengo, uye pakati pemhoteredzo dzinoparadzana dzezvinobudisa nhau nekusashanda zvakanaka kwehurumende yehurumende. Zvikuru kupfuura muna 2011 kuti Republicans (69%) naDemocrats (60%) zvinonyanyoshandisa mutauro unoshatiswa kutsoropodza vashori, zvichiratidzira kuwedzera kuzivikanwa navanhu vose kwechinetso chacho.

Bva kuziva kwoga hakuna kukwana. Kuisa itiro hanya muchiito kunoda kuzvipira pamwero uri wose wenzanga. Vatungamiriri vezvamatongerwe enyika vanofanira kusarudza kuisa chinzwano chorudzi pachine betsero dzinopesana, kunyange apo kutaura kunokamuranisa kungapa betsero pfupi dzenguva yezvamatongerwe enyika. Masangano ezvinobudisa nhau anofanira kudzikamisa dzvinyiriro dzezvokutengeserana nemitoro yehurumende yehurumende. Vagari vanofanira kuraira zviri nani apo vanonzverawo basa ravo vamene mukuparadzira zviri mukati.

Nhoroondo inoratidza kuti tsika dzezvematongerwe enyika dzinogona kuchinja, kuti tsika dzokuva netsika dzinogona kuvakwazve, uye kuti kunyange nzanga dzakakamukana zvikuru dzinogona kuwana nzira dzokuita kuti pave nokubatana kukuru.Nhano yokutanga ndeyokuziva simba remashoko uye kubvuma mutoro wokuashandisa.

Kupfurikidza nokurangarira mutauro watinoshandisa nokuwedzera, kupfurikidza nokutsvaka kunzwisisa panzvimbo pokuita madhemoni avo vane mirangariro yakasiana, uye kupfurikidza nokutsigira vatungamiriri namasangano anoisa chinzwano pamusoro pemapoka, tinogona kushanda kumhoteredzo yezvamatongerwe enyika iyo iri zvose zviri zviviri yembavarira neyomhemberero, yemakwikwi uye inovaka.

Nokuda kwamashoko akawanda pamusoro pokuderedza mamiriro enhau enyika, shanyira [[FLT: 0] Carnegie Endement for International Peace. Kudzidza pamusoro pokudzidza nokunyora mashoko asina kururama, kunzvera zviwanikwa pa [[FLT:]]. Kunzvera pamusoro pekurukurirano yezvamatongerwe enyika nedemokrati, ona [[[FLT:] Filt Center yenoloji]. Njeretsi dzekuwedzera pakurukurirano inovakavaka zvinogona kuwanikwa pa [[FLT:] SS6] .[FLT]