Mhiri kweUnited Kingdom, meya vari kutendeukira nenzira inowedzera kubatira pamwe kwavanhu vari voga (PPP) segadziriro yebasa yokutsigira nokupa mabasa makuru okubudirira mumaguta. Nemari yehurumende yepakati mudzvinyiriro inopfuurira uye maguta anokwikwidza nokuda kwokuisa mari, aya masangano anopa nzira inoshanda kuti vavake dzimba, mibatanidzwa yezvokufambisa zvokufambisa, uye kuvandudza nzvimbo dzavose. Kubatanidza kutarisira kweboka revoruzhinji nedzimbahwe rechechi neunyanzvi, vanameya vari kutsvaka kukurumidzisa fambiro mberi pane zvimwe zvezvinetso zvinonyanya kutarisana nemaguta eBritain, kubva kunjodzi yedzimba kusvika kunzvimbo dzemambure.

Uyu mutoo hausati uri mutsva – UK wakashandisa mari yavanhu nokuda kwegadziriro dzavose chifo cheHwiric Manitation (PFI) ya 1990s – asi basa rakasarudzwa zvakananga nameya, zvikurukuru avo vane masimba akabatana, vakapa PPP simba idzva. Majeza munharaunda dzakadai seGreater Manchester, West Midlands, uye London zvino ane pesvedzero huru pamusoro pezvifambiso, dzimba, uye kukura kwezvemari, kuchivaita vatambi vakuru mukuedza nokusimudzira zvirongwa zvokubatira pamwe.

Chii Chiri Kushandira Pamwe Kwavose?

Kushandira pamwe kwevoruzhinji igadziriro dzinoitwa nesangano ravanhu voga umo sangano rinoita magadzirirwo, kuvakwa, mari, uye kushanda kwebasa ravose – kazhinji kazhinji kupfuura nhambo yamakore 25 kusvikira ku30. Mutsivi, mubiyake anogamuchira hova dzemari, zvikurukuru kubva kuboka ravose muchimiro chemari inobhadharwa, kana kuti kubva kumibhadharo yevashandi semari inotengeswa kana kuti matikiti. Pfungwa huru ndeyokugoverana njodzi netuso: chikamu chavose chinowana mukana wokupinda mudzimbahwe guru nemutengiri, apo mubiyayo oga anowana purojeti refu, inodzokororwa pamari yayo.

UK yakashandisa PPP mumativi akasiyana- siyana – kubva muzvikoro nezvipatara kuenda kumigwagwa nenjanji. Mifanikiso yePPP yazvino uno yakashanduka kuva kubatanidza mativi akareruka akadai semagadzirirwo einjiniya-matanini, uyewo zvibvumirano zvemitemo inochinjika yemari inodzorwa. Nokuda kwameya, chikumbiro chakajeka: PPPS inogona kuendesa makore echivako nokukurumidza kupfuura kuwanikwa kwegamuchidzanwa, uye inogona kazhinji kazhinji kuunza kugadzirwa kwemazainjinira neshandiro zvinoshanda zvakanaka izvo mitumbi yavose ingashaiwa mukati menyu.

Nokuda kwokupetwa kukuru kwezvivako zvePPP, Institute yeHurumende inogovera mutsananguri anobetsera panhau nemienzaniso yemari yomunhu oga muzvirongwa zvavose.

Kushandiswa Kuri Kuita MapP Mukufambira Mberi Mumataundi

Kunyange zvazvo zvinhu zvinokosha muguta rimwe nerimwe zvakasiyana, nzvimbo nhatu dzave dzichinyanya kukosheswa: dzimba, zvokufambisa, uye nzvimbo dzinowanika nevanhu vose.

Kutanga Kwedzimba

UK inotarisana nokuperevedza kusingaperi kwedzimba dzinodhura, uye meya vari kushandisa PPPs kuvhura nzvimbo dzakagara nokupfuudza nokukurumidza. MuGreater Manchester, Mayor Burnham’s Howany Strategy yakatsamira pamabasa esangano navanovaka zvivako zvavanhu voga kugovera zviuru zvedzimba dzakavhengana, kubatanidza chikamu chikuru chezvikamu zvisingabhadharwi. Kupfurikidza nokupa nzvimbo kubva muhuwanduri hwehurumende nemvumo yokuronga, chiremera chakabatanidzwa chinoderedza ngozi nokuda kweshamwari dzemunhu oga, kuita kuti zvirongwa zvemari zvive zvinobudirira zvisati zvichizoteve zvichiitika.

Nenzira yakafanana, muWest Midlands, Mayor Richard Parker akatsigira mienzaniso yokubatana iyo inobatanidza kupiwa kwedzimba nezvinosimudzirwa. Chirongwa chePPPP chinovimbisa kuti kugadzirwa kwedzimba itsva kunoperekedzwa nemigwagwa iri madikanwa, zvikoro, uye nzvimbo dzakasvibira, zvinobhadharwa murutivi kupfurikidza nemipiro yokuvandudza uye zvimwe kupfurikidza nezvipo zvavose. Uku kubatana kunodzivisa kukura kunodzivisa kukura kwapashoma uko kazhinji kazhinji kwakakanganisa micheto yeguta.

Mutambo wePerry Barr, wakabatanidzwa ne2022 Commonwealth Games, unopa muenzaniso wakatanhamara. Dare rakabatana nesomfeya kuti rikudziridzezve nzvimbo huru kuva ruwa rutsva rwokugara nerwezvokutengeserana, kugovera misha inopfuura 1 000 pedyo nezvinofambisa zvitsva uye nzvimbo yavose. Purogiramu yePPP yakagonesa kuwanikwa nokukurumidza nokuvakwa, kusvitsa nguva yeMitambo apo yaigadzira chinhu chenguva refu cheguta.

Kugadzirwa Kwezvifambiso

Kufambisa inzvimbo inodzorwa nePPP, uye mameya eUK ari kushandisa nenzira inowedzera aya masangano okuwedzera nokuvandudza mibatanidzwa yavo. Cross Harloy yeLondon (zvino giramu yeElizabeth) yakaendeswa murutivi kupfurikidza nePPPP - kunyange zvazvo chivako chayo chakanga chakaoma zvikuru nenzira yechienzi. Misi ichangobva kupfuura iyi, vanameya vakanangidzira ngwariro pamwero miduku asi mabasa anodenha akadai semibatanidzwa yokufambisa inomhanya yebhazi, mibatanidzwa yemabhasikoro, uye kuvandudza kwapasha.

MuWest of England, Metro Mayor Dan Norris akawana PPP nokuda kweGwaro reAshton kuTemple Meads, kubatanidza mari yavose nemari yavose mumibatanidzwa yezvitoro negadziriro. Mubatanidzwa wakabvumira chirongwa chacho kufambira mberi makore maviri pamberi pezvingadai zvakabvumidza nhevedzano yemari yegamuchidzanwa.

Kuwedzera kwematram kwaManchester kunotsamirawo paPPPs. Tsvet yeGuerter yeGuerder Manchester yashandisa maodha-main nokuda kwemibatanidzwa yeMetrolink inoverengeka, kuchiendesa ngozi dzokuvaka kujoinia yavanhu nepo ichichengeta kudzora kwenguva refu pamusoro pemari nemavara ebasa. Iyi muenzaniso wakabvumikisa kuva mutedzero wemari: weOldham neRochdale yakapiwa 15% mubhajeti yemari inodzorwa mumari inoiswa mumari inoiswa mubhadha.

Nzvimbo Dzavose Nemanyuko Etsika

Mapaki anonatsa, zvikwereti, uye nzvimbo dzetsika ndeimwe nzvimbo umo meya dziri kukwanisa kuisa mari mubhizimisi. Kukudziridzwazve kweHarbourside, somuenzaniso, kwakabatanidza PPP pakati pedare reguta uye muvaki kuti achinje denga kuti rive nzvimbo yakavhengana ine nzvimbo dzinogara vanhu vakawanda, maresitorendi, uye mafurati. Mubiya wacho akatsigira kuvaka kukuru, nepo dare racho rakapa kurongwa uye kugadziridzwa kwenzvimbo yavose.

MuLiverpool, muMaya Steve Rostam anotarisira kuvandudzwa kwenzvimbo yenhau yeguta kupfurikidza nokubatira pamwe neChikamu cheGuta reLiverpool nevezvokuvengi vadzorwi. Kugadzirwa kweExhibition Centre Liverpool nokukura kweTitanic Hotel kwakagoneswa nePPP iyo yakagoverana mari yakabva kuzviitiko. Zvirongwa izvi zvakawedzera kushanya uye zvakaparira mazana emabasa, zvichiratidza kuti PPPS inogona kutsigira kukura kwezve mune zvemari uye kufarikanya vanhu vose mumaguta.

Kutangazve kwaBirmingham The Square – nzvimbo yapakati yavose - kwakabatanidza ruwa rwebhizimisi rwomunzvimbomo (BID) runoshanda nedare reguta kuti ritsigire chiedza chakavandudzwa, pokugara, uye zvirongwa zvezviitiko. Nepo kusati kuri zvivako zvikuru zvePPP, uyu mufananidzo muduku unoratidza kuti mabhizimisi akavanzika anogona sei kubetsera zvakananga kugadzira nzvimbo.

Betsero Dzokuwedzera Mumataundi

Zvakanakira PPPs nokuda kwokubudirira kweguta zvinonyatsopupurirwa, asi zvinofanira kuongororwa nokungwarira.Hedzi dzinobatsira zvikuru dzinotaurwa nemeya.

Kubereka Kunokurumidzira

Kuwana zvinhu zvavose kwamagamuchidzanwa kunogona kuva kunononoka - mwedzi kana kuti makore kupfuura pakati pechirongwa nokubata nokuparadzanya pasi. PPPs dzinopeta iyi nguva nemhaka yokuti mukwanyina womunhu oga ane kurudziro dzakasimba dzokupedzisa nokukurumidza uye kutanga kubudisa mvumo. Mukukura kweMediaCitynuk, PPP yakabvumira nhambo yokutanga kuzaruka mukati mamakore mana, ichienzaniswa namakore manomwe musvikiro yavose. Iyi musimboti unokosha zvikuru nokuda kwameyamhina vanotarisana nezviteshipiso zvipfupi nezvipfupi uye vanoda kuratidzira miuyo inojeka.

Kushanda Zvakanaka uye Kutumirwa Kwebasa Nengozi

PPP dzinochinja ngozi zhinji – kunonoka kwokuvaka, mutengo wokushanda kwakawanda, mabasa okushanda - kubva kunzvimbo yavose kuenda kumukwanyina woga. Nemhaka yokuti mafemu avanhu oga akashongedzerwa zviri nani kuti atarisire idzi ngozi uye anogona kuwana upfumi hwemwero, zvirongwa zvinowanzopiwa mari yakawanda inoshanda. Fundo yeNational Office Piccialism yakawana kuti zvirongwa zvakarongeka zvakanaka PFI nePP muUK zvaiva 60-70% sezvingabvira zvikuru zvokupiwa panguva uye pakubhadharwa kwemari mukuenzaniswa nezvibvumirano zvegamuchidzanwa. Zvisinei, vatsoropotedzo vanocherekedza kuti chikwereti chenguva refu chinogona kuderedza idzi betsero; kusanonzvera kunokosha.

Meya, mano okukwezva dzimbahwe remunhu oga anoderedzawo kuoma kwemari yedare. Sezvo hurumende yeUK ichigadza miganhu pakukwereta kwehurumende yomunzvimbomo, PPPs inobvumira maguta kupfuurira nezvirongwa zvikuru pasina kuganhurirwa kukuru. Ikoku kunokosha zvikuru nokuda kwameya vamaguta anokosha omunharaunda ayo asina tsigiro huru yeLondon.

Kuwana Chimuko uye Kuwana Chirongwa

Vakwanyina vari voga kazhinji kazhinji vanounza zivo younyanzvi kuti hurumende yomunzvimbomo haigoni kuchengeta muimba. Mumarongerwo eguta akachenjera – zvakadai semichina yeIoT yeIoT yechenjedzo nokuda kwenzvimbo yemhepo - PPP ine femu yoruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu zvakagovera midziyo yokutema namashoko izvo guta risati richigona kuva rakakudziridza riri roga. Maya vari kushandisa nomutoo unowedzera aya masangano kukuita kuti mitoo mitsva ifambire mberi kusimba, magetsi, uye midziyo yemagetsi yegirini.

Somuenzaniso, chikwata cheGreater London Authority neMicrosoft kugadzira "mapasa" eguta nokuda kwemienzaniso yokuronga zvinobatanidza zvinangwa zvepachena nezvigadzirwa zvemichina yavanhu. Chishandiso chinovapo chinobetsera vagadziri vezvisarudzo kuisa pakuona kushanda kwezvinoitwa zvitsva pakufambisa, kunaka kwemhepo, uye kushandiswa kwesimba zvinodzivisa mamiriro ezvinhu angadai akadhura zvikuru kuti chikamu chavose chive chidziridze.

Matambudziko uye Kufunga Kwavanoita

Vaya vanokacha vanofanira kuronga zvinhu zvinonetsa zvikuru, uye kubatana kusina kurongwa zvakanaka kunogona kukanganisa vabhadhari vemitero.

Kukurukura Zvakaoma Kunzwisisa

Kuisa chibvumirano chePPP icho chinodzikamisa ngozi netuso nokuda kwamativi ose ari maviri kwakaoma zvikuru. Kuoma kwemitemo nemari kazhinji kazhinji kunoda vagadziri vanonzvera vanodhura, uye kurukurirano dzinogona kupfuurira kwamakore. Zvipatara zvapakuvamba zveUK PFI zvakatsoropodzwa nokuda kwokuvhara NHS muzvibvumirano zvisingachinjiki izvo zvakakuita kuti kuve kwakaoma kugadziridza mabasa. Maya anofanira naizvozvo kuisa mari musimba rakasimba muimba yokukurukurirana pamipimo yakaenzana newakokwako oga, iyo kazhinji kazhinji ine mipiro mikuru yepamutemo nezvemari.

Muzviremera zvakawanda zvakabatanidzwa, unyanzvi uhwu huchiri kuvakwa. West Midlands Counciled Authority yakagadzira PPP Union yakatsaurirwa muna 2022, asi nzvimbo duku dzeguta dzingashaiwa umbindi kuti dzibate basa racho nenzira inobudirira. Kuona mativi ebvumirano anokosha zvakafanana; vanhu vanofanira kukwanisa kuderedza kukosha kwemari uye mutengo wenguva refu wehumwe hupi nohupi uhwo husingashandisi.

Kuzvipira Kwenguva Refu uye Kuchinja

PPP dzinofamba kazhinji kazhinji kwamakore 25 kusvikira ku30 kana kuti kupfuura. Mukati menhambo iyoyo, zvinhu zvezvamatongerwe enyika zvinogona kuchinja, migariro yemari inogona kuchinja, uye ruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinogona kuva dzvokuchinja. PPP yakabvumiranwa muna 2010 ingaratidzika kuva yakasiana zvikuru mumashoko 2030 motokari dzinozvimirira dzamagetsi. Majeza anofanira kuumba kuchinjika mubvumirano – kupfurikidza nokuputsa zvitsama zvemitemo, kana kuti ruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu runozorodza miitiro yezvinyakare – kudzivisa kupfigwa mumhinduro dzechinyakare.

Kuwa kweCarillion muna 2018 kwakaratidzira ngozi dzokunyanyovimba nomumwe munhu mumwe. Zvipatara zvinoverengeka nemugwagwa zvaifanira kununurwa nevoruzhinji, zvichiratidzira vabhadhari kuti vabhadhare mari. Vacheri vanofanira kuva nechokwadi chokuti vane gadziriro dzakafanana nenzvimbo dzemari kuti vabate migariro yakadaro, uye vanofanira kudzivisa kuisa mazai avo ose mukukura mudengu rimwe rapachivande.

Kuzvidavirira Kwavose uye Kukosha Kwemari

Nemhaka yokuti PPP inobatanidza mibhadharo yavose yenhambo refu kumakambani avanhu, inogona kurangarirwa sechimiro chokukwereta kwapakati napakati. Hofisi yePPP yakaratidzira yaratidzirazve kuti PPPs inowanzodhura zvikuru kupfuura kukwereta kwapachena kwenguva refu, nemhaka yendyiko dzemari dzakakwirira. Naizvozvo ma Maytes anofanira kuva nechokwadi chokuti PPP ipi neipi inopa ukoshi hunoremadza mari nokuda kwemari – kwete kupfurikidza nendyiko yemari inodhura nhasi, asi kupfurikidza nokutakurwa kwengozi yapachokwadi nebetsero dzokushanda zvinoruramisa ndyiko yemari yakakwirira.

Kuoneka pachena kwavanhu kunokosha zvakaenzana. UK’S Freedom of Information Act inogona kushanda kuzvimwe zvibvumirano zvePPP, asi zvakawanda zvine zvikamu zvakavanzika zvinoganhurirwa. Meya dzinoratidzirwa dzine mutoro wakati wokuva pachena namashoko, ndyiko, uye zvipfuro zvebasa zvebatira pamwe ipi neipi. Kubatanidza vagari vemo mudanho rokuronga – kupfurikidza nezvikamu zvemitemo kana kuti misangano yavose – kunogona kuvaka chivimbo ndokubetsera kuzivisa ngozi dzingabvira pakutanga.

Nokuda kwenhungamiro pamusoro pemiitiro yakanakisisa, Kuumbwa kwaMainjiniya echizvarwa chemo kunopa zviwiro pakuchengeta kuzvidavirira muPPPs.

Kuongorora Zvirwere Mumaguta eUK

Nharaunda dzeguta reUK dzinoverengeka dzinogovera mienzaniso inorayiridza yePPPs dziri kushanda.Idzi dzinoratidzira zvose zviri zviviri zvinhu chaizvoizvo zvinobvira uye zvinoshanda zvokutanga kwoushamwari.

London: Croslarray neElizabeth Line

Chirongwa cheCrossrowray cheLondon – chirongwa chikurusa chezvivako muEurope – chakatsigirwa nemari kupfurikidza nePPP pakati peTports yeLondon (TFL) uye chikwata chavanhu chaitungamirira kuendesa mikoto nenzvimbo. Chirongwa chacho chakatarisana nokunonoka kukuru uye ndyiko, zvikurukuru nemhaka yokuoma kwekubatanidza zvibvumirano zvakavanzika zvakawanda. Zvisinei, kushanda kwakambo, mutsetse waElizabeth wakachinja kufamba nomudzimbahwe, kunowedzera simba ne 10% uye kupfuudza mabhiriyoni mubetsero dzemari. Zvidzidzo zvinobva kuCrossroway zvakapesvedzera kuti dzimwe meyards dzisvike sei PPPPS, zvikurukuru kupfurikidza nokugoverwa kwemitengo.

Manchester: MediaCityUK

MediaCitynuK muSalford Quays muenzaniso mukuru wokumutsidzirazve guta kupfurikidza nePPP. Chirongwa chacho chakapiwa nesangano pakati pePeel Witmons (munhu oga) neBBC (public), netsigiro kubva kuSalford City Council neNorthwest Development Agency. Yakachinja nzvimbo yedockland kuva nzvimbo inosimukira yemanyuko namabasa okugadzira zvinhu, musha weBBBC, ITV, uye mazana emabhizimisi okusika. Kubudirira kwakanga kuri chirongwa chekushandira pamwe chete chavanhu vose chakabvumira chikamu chavose kugovera nyika nenzvimbo apo shamwari yomunhu oga yakakwanisa kuvaka nokubudirira. Mugumisiro wacho inzvimbo yemichina yemapurofiti yenyika yakabetsera mabhiriyoni mabhiriyoni emari munyika mukati remamakore okutanga.

Bristol: Arena neBaltic

Nhamburiko yaBristol kuvaka nhandare - gare gare kunzi Bristol Beacon nokuda kwenzvimbo yakagadziridzwa yenziyo - pakutanga yakashandiswa muenzaniso wePPP. Dare reguta rakabatana nomuvaki wechivako kuti vavake nzvimbo huru yevaraidzo paBaltic Wharf, asi chirongwa chacho pakupedzisira chakabviswa pashure pokukurukurirana kwengozi dzinoda kudzorwa. Kukundikana kunoratidza kuti zvakaoma sei kuronga fariro munhandare huru, umo kubvisa mari kusingazivikanwi. Zvisinei, guta racho gare gare gare gare rakawana zvakanaka PPPP kuvandudza Colston Hall iripo (zvino Bristolicse) ichishandisa mugadzirirwo wakapfava wamari, kuratidzira kuti kuchinjika mugadziriro mukuvara.

Zvikurukuru, Bristol yakatanga kushandisa PPP nokuda kwokupindira kuduku kweguta. paki dzeBristol City Council PP yeCastle Park yakabatanidza kutarisira kwekambani yaitarisira nezviitiko mukutsinhana nokuda kwegoverano yemari inogadziriswa nokubhadharwa. Iyi fashoni yakasunungura mari yavose nokuda kwezvimwe zvinhu zvinokosha nepo yakachengeta paka yacho iri munzvimbo ine nzvimbo yakanaka.

Birmingham: Mitambo Yavose

Birmingham akashandisa PPPs kuendesa zvakawanda zvezvikomberedzo zveMitambo yeCommonwealth ya2022, kubatanidza Alexander Stadium yakagadziridzwa neMusha weVamhanyi muPerry Barr. Musha wacho wakavakwa nomuvaki wezvigaro woga pasi pebvumirano yaivimbisa muvakidzi kuti mutsidziri wenhambo refu yemari arege kurenda mayuniti semitambo yevadzidzi. Iyi gadziriro itsva yakabvumira Birmingham kudzivirira ndyiko huru apo yakanga ichiri kugovera dzimba dzakakwirira dzichabatira guta kwamakumi amakore. Zvisinei, post-Mitambo yagaramo yave yakaderera kupfuura kukarira, inoratidzira ngozi yokuti kushuva zvinhu zvokufembera kugona kushambadza zvinhu kana kuti kugoveranwa nevo vose vari vaviri.

Chiono Chenguva Yemberi

Sezvo masimba ehurumende yeUK anopfuurira kukura kupfurikidza negadziriro dzekuchinja zvinhu, kushandiswa kwamaPPP mukukura kwemataundi sezvingabvira kuchawedzera.

Kutanga, kukurumidzira kwemamiriro okunze kunoda kufambiswa kwezvivako zvakasvibira zvinogadzirwa nemagetsi zvinoda zvokudziyisa zvinotakurwa zveruwa kusvikira kumotokari dzinotakura zvinhu zvinoda mari yakawandisa. PPP dzinogona kuvhura guta guru rezvirongwa izvi, zvikurukuru uko mari inogona kupiwa nokushandisa mari kana kuti kuchengetedzwa kwemagetsi. Kupayona kwePPP kungangova kwokuwedzera mudzimwe nzvimbo dzeguta.

Chechipiri, Hurumende inoita kuti pave nemari inoshandiswa nezviremera zvemoneral, zvakawanda zvacho zvichada kutsigira kuisa mari mubhizimisi kuti zvizadzike zvinangwa zvavo. $4,8 mabhiriyoni eSventuling Up Fund inokurudzira nzvimbo dzomunharaunda kuisa migove iyoyo yapachivande yebasa rakabatana, inobudirira kuumba PPP.

Chechitatu, meya ari kuongorora mienzaniso yokubatana kusingachinji, yakadai semibatanidzwa yenzanga uye zvisungo zvemanisiparati zvakabatanidzwa nevakwanyina voga, kuti aderedze kuvimba nezvivako zvetsika PFI-sity. Chivako cheLiverpool City City chichangobva kutangwa Urban Innovation Fund chinoshandisa mari yakavhengana, kusanganisa mari yavose, kuisa mari yavanhu vose, uye kuisa mari yezvirongwa zvemo zvemataundi zvakati kuti zvitsigire zvirongwa zvemataundi.

Zvisinei, kubudirira kwePPPs dzenguva yemberi kuchatsamira pazvinhu zvitatu: zvirongwa zvakasimba zvokudzora, kuvimbisana nzanga kwechokwadi, uye kudisa kudzidza muzvikanganiso zvomunguva yakapfuura – zvose zviri zviviri zvomumba namarudzi ose. Nokuda kwemurangariro wokuenzanisa, mavambo ePPP OCD inogovera fundo dzenhau nenhungamiro izvo mameya eUK anogona kuwana.

Mumhedziso, vasonganiri voruzhinji vanopa vanameya chishandiso chine simba asi chisina kukwana chokutyaira nacho guta. Apo vanoshandiswa muwirirano yezvirongwa - nero, kugoverwa kwakadzikama kwengozi, uye kuoneka kwapashoma napaduku - vanogona kupa mabasa okushandura ayo vanhu kana kuti vanhu voga vasingagoni kuita vari voga. Sezvo maguta eUK anoshandisa zvinetso zvokushayikwa kwedzimba, kushayikwa kwezvivako, mamiriro okunze echinyakare, uye kusimba kwemamiriro okunze, mufananidzo wePPP acharamba ari chinhu chikuru muruwa rwokubudirira.