Mubatanidzwa wemitengo yemafashoni yeIndia wave uchichinja zvinoshamisa mumakore gumi apfuura, kubva panzvimbo yemari yakagadzirwa nemari inoita mari yakawanda kuva imwe yenzvimbo dzemari dzinobudirira zvikuru munyika. Kutanga kwemitengo yemari inobhadharwa nemari (UPI) muna 2016 kwakabatira sechinhu chinobatsira, asi kukura kunopfuurira kwakadzorwa nenhevedzano yenhevedzo dzehurumende dzinorongwa dzakarongwa pakuwedzera mibato yemari, kuvandudza kugona kunyora nokunyora mari, uye kuvimbisa kuchengeteka kwemitengo yemari. Nhasi, mari yemitengo yemitengo haisisiri chinhu chitsva muIndia /* zvave chinhu chaichoicho chanhasi nokuda kwemazana emamiriyoni evagari vemo, kubva kumaguta makuru anoenda kuvarimi vari kure kumaruwa. Iyi mhindu yakagadziridzazve mari, kuderera kuwanika kwemari, kuwedzera kuwanda kwemari, kuwanda mumitengo, uye kufambidzanisa mari.

Fandesheni: Vatapi Vehurumende Huru Vanoita Kuti Kuwedzera Kwemari Yemari Yavanobhadharwa Kurambe Kuripo

Nzira yakasiyana - siyana yehurumende yeIndia yokusimudzira mari yemichina iri pamapurogiramu anoverengeka anokosha, rimwe nerimwe rakagadzirirwa kukurukura zvinhu zvakasiyana - siyana zvezvinhu zvipenyu nemhoteredzo yazvo ((infractrature, upy, chengeteko, uye kushandiswa nevamwe.

India: Kuvaka Mushonga Wokudzivirira

Yatangwa muna 2015, purogiramu ye yeDigital India yakanga iri nhanho yeambrela yakatangira mamiriro okuchinja mamiriro etsika enyika. Nzvimbo dzayo nhatu dzezviono nechepakati-pakati(masangano ezvishandiso kuti zvive zvinhu zvinobatsira mugari wemo wose, kudzora uye mabasa anoitwa pakuda, uye simba remitemo yevagari vemo yemagetsi ye(Dignometer) yakatsigira kukura kwemitengo yetsika. Muchirongwa ichi, hurumende yakakudza kubatana kwemishamba misha inopfuura 600 000 kupfurikidza neBharat Net, ichiita kuti Adaar-omeomeometic yemichina inosimu inosimu. Izvi zvakaita kuti kunyange vanhu vokumaruwa ava vaigona kuwana zvishandiso zvemari. Pakasvika 2024, India yakanga yava nemamiriyoni anosvika mabhiriyoni vanoshandisa mamirioni vanobhadhadhairwe.

Chitsama chetsaro chakabatanidzwa (UPI): Chinjo yeGadzano

Kugadzirwa nokurongwa kwegadziriro yokubhadharwa kweUPI kunoitwa neNational Pebrations Corporation of India (NPCI) inorangarirwa zvikuru sechinjo imwe inochinja zvikurusa yehurumende mukudzorwa kwenzvimbo inobhadharwa. UPI inguva chaiyo, nguva chaiyo inopfuudzira kubhadhara kupfuudza kupfurikidza nokutenga kupfurikidza nokushandisa kero inobhadharwa. Inobatanidza mari dzakawanda dzebhangi mukushandiswa kumwe, ibvisa kudikanwa kwoudzamende unonetsa. Chifo chayo mu2016, UPI yawana kukura kukuru. Mavhoriyamu emwedzi nemwedzi akakwira kubva pa22017, kusvika kumabhiriyoni 15 mu204, kuratidzira mwero wokukura kwegore unopfuudzana. Sangano inosimudzira 400 + mativi ezvikamu zvamatatu zvemari, kufanana nePyspotoogle, uye kupfuumba kwehurumende inodzorwa nokuda kwemari inopfuvura mabhiriyoni 2017, inotodza mutengo wemitesitina yemari inopfuutsirira piri.

Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY): Kudyidzana Nemari Kutanga

Mitero yemitengo isati yagona kubudirira, vagari vomunyika vanoda maakaundi ebhangi. Pradhan Mantri Man Yojana, inotangwa muna 2014, yakarongerwa pakubatanidza mari yose nokugovera mhuri imwe neimwe inowanika kuakaundi yokutanga, zvivako zvinofambiswa, uye chifukidzo chetsaona. Sezvokuna 2024, mamirioni 520 eakaunzi akavhurwa pasi peiyi nzira. Indaneti dzinobatira senongedzero yemitengo yemitengo yokugamuchira mwana: zvinouya nekadhi reRu Rehor debit uye zvinobatanidzwa neAadhaar, zvinogonesa betsero yakananga pakutakurwa (D) uye kubudiswa kwetsaona. PMYYYD yakashamba inoshambadzwa mumitengwano inoshandiswa nokuda kwemitengwa yavose, zvikurukuru mumaruwa.

Aadhaar nee-KYC: Chiziviso chinojeka chinozivisa

Muitiro wekuyera mativi ose ezvinhu zvemuIndia unobvumira mabhangi uye kubhadhara mari inotevedzerwa neAadhaar kuyera mabhangi nokukurumidza uye mari inotengwa, zvinoderedza zvikuru mapepa anodiwa. Uku kuzivikanwa kwemitengo kwakagonesa kukurumidza kubhadharwa seAadhaar Pay, uko vatengesi vanogamuchira mari kupfurikidza nokusimbisa kwemichina yemichina, vachidzivisa kubatana kwehurumende kwemafoni. Kubatana kwemabharakirwo eAadhaar nenhamba neakaunzi dzemabhangi pasi peDhadaadhailler-Mutem (AMJ)

Chinoshandisirwa Mari (BHIMI): Chikamu cheSangano cheUPI

Kugovera chisarudzo chakavimbika, chakachengeteka, uye chemitengo inodzorwa nehurumende. NPCI yakatanga chikwata cheBHARAT nokuda kwemari (BHIM) app muna 2016. BOM inotsigira UPI nedzimwe nzira dzokubhadhara, kubatanidza Aadhaar Pach. App yakagadzirirwa kuva yakapfava, yakapfaviswa, yakaderera, uye inowanika mumitauro 13 yomuruwa. Nepo maapps echitatu akawana mugove mukuru zvikuru womsebenzisi, BOMIVI inoramba iri chishandiso chinotsoropodza — zvikurukuru nokuda kwokubhadhara kwavanotambira mitauro vasina kusimudzirwa kwezvo. Hurumende yakapfuudzira BHIM kupfurikidza nenzvimbo yeDidhikiana neya yezvikamu zvakapfumba zvezvikamu zvezvikamu zvechidhina.

Tsigiro Yokutungamirira Inobva kuRBI neHurumende

. RBI yakasuma purojekiti yePraicial Infrapture Development Fund (PIDF) muna 2021 kukurudzira kuiswa kwemitengo inodzorwa nemitemo inobatsira. Kubhadharwa kweProces and Settlement Systems Act, 2007, yakagadziridzwa kuti igadzire matepineti matsva. RBI yakasuma bhadharo Infragradurement Fund (PIDFF) muna 2021 kukurudzira kuiswa kwemitengo inogamuchirwa (se QR nePRS) mumitengo yemitengo) mumitengo yemitengo yemitengo yemitengo yematatu uye mapepa eProricromendi dzinoderedza mutengo, kutengesa kwakaderedzwa muzvikamu zvemari zviri kuNorth East kunotengeswa kwe2025.

Tapuro Panzanga Nezvoupfumi

Kubhadharwa kwemashandiro anoitwa zvinhu zvipenyu nemhoteredzo yazvo, kunotsigirwa neiyi nhano dzehurumende, kwakaunza betsero dzemari nenzanga dzinoda kupfuudzira kubva pakunatsiridza kuoneka kwemaoroza kusvikira kukuchinja kwemichero miduku muupenyu hwezuva nezuva nokuda kwavanhu namabhizimisi.

Kushandisa Mari Nokugadzira Zvinhu

Mibhadharo yemitengo yakashanda senzira yetsika yemari yavagari vemo vakambobviswa. Nemubatanidzwa wemaakaundi aJan Dhan neUPI, vanhu vaivimba nemari vaingova vachishandisa nhamba yemari zvino. Ikoku kunovagonesa kuwana mari yechikwereti, mari yezvikwereti, inishuwa, uye mitengo yemari. Somuenzaniso, nhamba yemitengo inobhadharwa paIndiya yakakwirira pa1 000 muIndiya 1 000 mu2016 yakawedzera kubva pa6,500 mu2024. Nzvimbo dzomumaruwa, idzo dzinoiswa mubhangi, zvino dzinobatanidza mari inokwana inokwana 45% yeUPI, uye mitengo yemitengo yose yemitengo, maererano neNPI inotengo inopfuudzwa neNCI. Hurumende yavenyuro yeDHAPTYURPUR. Yakashandiswa kubvisa mari inopfuura 62064.20644 000 000 000 000 000 000 (20 °) inodzorwa zvakananga ne-ridzorwa ne-ridzokororose.

Kuderera Kwokuita Bhizimisi Nokubudirira Mune Zvemari

Mabhizimisi maduku uye vatengesi vemigwagwa vave vari pakati pevaripi vemari inobhadharwa. Kugamuchira mari inoshandiswa kupfurikidza ne QR kunobvisa kudikanwa kwokubata mari, kuderedza ngozi dzekuba, uye kunobvisa kudikanwa kwokutakura. Nokuda kwavamiriri, vatyairi vemo, uye vashandi vemari vemishambadzo, kupfurikidza nokuvandudza mari. “Revolution yemari yehurumende inoshandiswa kupfurikidza ne QR inobvisa kudikanwa kwokushandisa mari, uye kuderedza kushaikwa kwemari kwave kunooneka zvikuru muTier 2 naTier 3 maguta. 2023 fundo yeIndia Council for Economic Relationstions (ICRIE) yakawana kuti kubhadharwa kwemite yemitengo kwakawedzera mari yavatengesi vaduku pa15-20% nemhaka yokukwira nokukwira kwetsoka. Kubudirira kwose kwapavhurosase kwakaderera zvikuru mumiteshi yakaderera pagore rimwe.

Kuona Zviri Nazvo uye Kudzora

Mikoto yemitero inogonesa kudzorwa zviri nani, uori hunoderedzwa, uye kudzorwa kwakavandudzika. Gadziriro yeHurumende yeMabasa neMitemo yeSangano reMari, yakabatanidzwa nemitengo yemitengo, inobvumira mabhizimisi kubhadhara mari yemitero bedzi apo mari inoitwa kupfurikidza nemikoto inorondwa. Iyi yakabatanidza mitero mikuru yemari yemari kupfurikidza negadziriro yetsika. Kuwedzerazve, kubviswa kwegarikano yenzanga mumitengo yemitengo — zvakadai semari, mari yependi, uye mari yemitengo — inovimbisa kuti mari isvike vagamuchiri vanodingwa pasina kuronzesa. GeM (Gevern remorstry e-M) inodzoraswosworking, inoshandisa mari yemitengo yehurumende yose inodzoro yehurumende, yakagadzirwa kupfuura 93 763 mumitengo ye2023 mumitengo inopera yekuoneka.

Simba Ravakadzi Namapoka Anoremekedzeka

Mibhadharo yemichina yakabetsera zvikuru vakadzi, avo kazhinji kazhinji vanotarisana nemhinganidzo kubhangi regamuchidzanwa. Chirongwa chaJan Dhan chakakwidza zvikuru nhamba yavakadzi vane maakaundi ebhangi — sa2024, 55% yavaridzi veakaundi yeJan Dhan vakadzi. UPI inoita kuti ava vakadzi vagone kuitisa kutengeserana pasina kuda kushanyirwa kwebazu kana kuti kuperekedza varume. Zvirongwa zvehurumende zvakadai sePMS Kisan Sam Nidhi, zvinogovera 6 000 000 pagore kuvarimi vaduku, vanobviswa zvakananga mumaakaunziro eAadhaar, vanopa varimi vemabhangi vanowanzova nedzimba dzavo. Boka reyamu yamubatanidzwa yeyamu (SHG), navakadzi vanopfuura mamirioni 80, vanoshandisa mari yokutenga, uye kukwereta mari inodzorwa, uye kudzosera mari.

Kugadzirisa Zvinetso: Kugona Kudzidza, Kuverenga Nokunyora, uye Kudzidza

Pasinei nokufambira mberi kunoshamisa, mamiriro ezvinhu anogara achibhadharwa muIndia anotarisana nezvinetso zvinoramba zvichida kuti hurumende irambe ichipindira uye kuti zvinhu zvipenyu nemhoteredzo yazvo zvishande pamwe chete.

Kuchengeteka Nokubiridzira

Sezvo mavhoriyamu anobhadharwa, kuedza kubiridzira, kubhadharwa kwemapepa. RBI nehurumende zvakapindura nokusimbisa gadziriro yokudzivirira. Mativi Ezvemarial Data Personal Protection Act, 2023, anogadza mitemo yokuronga nokubvumira zvakajeka kugadzirwa kwemakombiyuta nemvumo kuvashandi. RBI inoronga “Cyber Security Formmagement for Perectal Symiers” inoda kusungirwa kushuma zviitiko zvechengeteko, kuyera kwengozi, uye kuedzwa kwenhambo nenhambo. National Cyber Crime Riving yaitable yaverea nyore nyore kunyunyuta. Hurumende yakatangawo nhiviso yokuziva“ Dighakti" pakubhadharwa kwapa kwapa magetsi. Zvisinei, kunyengera kunoramba kupfuurira, uye mumukana mukuru mukuru wekushandisa magetsi pakati pehurumende inonzvera zvinoshandiswa mumirioni inopfuumbidzwa.

Kuverenga Nekunyora Zvinoshandiswa Pamagetsi uye Kutadza Kudzidza

Nepo Internet yawedzera, kunyora nokunyora zvine revo — zvikurukuru pakati pavakura, zviverengero zvavanhu vakaderera zvokusagona kunyora, uye vakadzi vokumaruwa — zvinoramba zviri zviduku. Vanoshandisa vazhinji vanorwisana neUPI PIN, kundikano yezvokutengeserana kupfura, uye kutsaura mari inobhadharwa neyakaipa. Hurumende [[FLT:] Mandadhan] Manri Gramin Sakharta (PDHAN) ABHAN) [FUTHISA] zvinangwa zvekuita kuti mhuri dzomumaruwa dzina mamirioni 60 dzive nokudzidzira. Pakazosvika 2024, purogiramu yakanga yarovedza vanhu vanopfuura mamirioni 47. Kunyange zvakadaro, mhando dzemitauro nedzero yezvikamu zvezvikamu zvenyika dzinopfupikisa dzinodikanwa. Kubhadharwa, kubhadhara mari inodzoro yeNFFF, uye kupfumisa idioke, neNI.

Dzidzo Nokuwirirana

Mibhadharo yemichina inotsamira panhenha yakavimbika yeInternet nekombiyuta. Kunyange zvazvo BharatNet yakabatanidza 600,000 magiramu echikwata, kubatana munzvimbo dzomumaruwa dzakadzika nedzine makomo kwakaramba kwakavakwa. Simba rinodzongonyedzawo mitauro yemichina yemichina, zvikurukuru nokuda kwemichina inosimbisa. Hurumende iri kutaura izvi kupfurikidza neNational Broadband Band Mission (kutungamirira kusvika kwakafara kwose kwose panosvika 2030), kuwedzera kwe 5G mabasa, uye kuisa mari munzvero yeSatellitellitellite yogate nokuda kwenzvimbo dziri kure. Zviteshi zve “zviito zveUTI” uye“ mashandiro eX [X] anoshanda nezvinofambiswa zvakaganhurirwa ganhuridzo — zviri kuiswa mukuita sezvigadziro zvapano. Kuwedzera chinyorwa chaRBII 2025]

Kushandira Pamwe Nekuchinja Zvinodiwa

Rimwe ramasimba eUPI nderokushandira pamwe, asi denho dzinosara apo vashandisi vanoedza kubatanidza maakaundi mumabhangi akawanda kana kuti kushandisa UPI akabudiswa namabhangi akasiana- siyana. Mamwe mabhangi ave achinonoka kugonesa mativi ose. Hurumende ne NPCI inopfuurira kumanikidza kuwirirana uye yakaraira kuti purogiramu dzose itsva dzeUPI dzinowirirana netsananguro yakazarudzwa yakazaruka. Hurumende inokurudzira kubatanidza mabasa adzo uye muchinjikwa unobhadharazve (USI-UPI-UPI-TRI-TRI makhadi echi. Zvisinei, pachine zvinoitika zvokusarutsirano nemhaka yokushambadzira pabhangi. bhangi rinokurudzira kuisa mabasa awo okugadzira nokuderedza nguva.

Nzira Iri Mberi: Zvimiro Zvomunguva Yemberi uye Chiono cheHurumende

Ruge rwekuIndia rune madhigirii anokosha, uye hurumende iri kutoita kuti chizvarwa chinotevera chematura chinyatsokwanisa kubhadhara mari kuti chienderane nokufambira mberi kweruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu uye kutarisira kushandiswa kwemunhu.

Mari YeCentral Bank Detagity (CBDC): Rupee

RBI yakatanga mutyairi wedhigirii we Digal Rupee (e 76-R) muna 2022, ichiita kuti India ive imwe yemari huru yokutanga kuti iedze mari yebhangi. Degital Rupee chiratidzo chemitauro chinomirira pamutemo, yakagadzirirwa kukwanirisa mamitengi aripo pasina magetsi echitsama. Serechikati ye 2024, mutyairi wendege awedzera kumabhangi mapfumbamwe nemaguta mapfumbamwe, nokushandisa zviitiko zvokubhadhara mari yokutengesa, kutengeserana, kutengeserana nokubhadhara mari inotevedzerwa. purogiramu inoyera CBDCC sechi chishandiso chokubvisa mari, chitsarudzo chakakwirira, uye kuderedza kuwanda kwemari.

Mashandiro Anoita Zvinhu Zvakafanana uye Mavakirwo Azvo

Kuvaka paAadhaar, hurumende iri kusimudzira Aadhaar “kusimbisa” nokuda kwemari inobhadharwa, uko kunobvisa kudikanwa kwePIN kana kuti kadhi. Ikoku kunobetsera zvikuru nokuda kwavagari vakura navashandisi vane urema. NPCI ya “UPI 123 REP” uye“USI LITE” iri kutopfavisa mari pafoni dzechiratidzo. Kuuya kwa “UPI & Pay” Tapages NFC, kubvumira vashandisi kuridza runhare rwavo kana kuti kadhi revo remari remushambadzi. RBI iri kupfuudzirawo kutakura mari ye 50 POS panosvika 2026, nechenjero dzezviteshina.

Kuwedzera Negadziriro Dzokubhadharwa Kwenyika Yose

India iri kuparadzira nokushingaira kutumira kusiiwa kwayo yemitemo kupfurikidza nebvumirano dzemitemo. UPI yakabatanidzwa nePhiko reSingapore zvino, ichibvumira kuti nyika iendese kunzvimbo inochinjirwa vanhu. Uku kubatana kwakafanana neUAE, Nepal, Sri Lanka, uye Malaysia kuri kufamba. Hurumende iri kusimudzirawo ‘ UPUPI nokuda kweNzira dzeMamwe Marudzi, kubvumira vashanyi vakasungwa kuti vashandise UPI kuvatengesi vanotora rutivi. Iyi inoita kuti India ive mutungamiriri wenyika yose mukubhadhara mari, kuendesa nokushambadza nokutengesa. G2020 yeTCUC inotsigirawo “Whoon, Wenyika Inobhadharwa ” chiono chayo cheProlectiontion pasi pekugarajimendi.

Uchenjeri Hunogadzirwa Nekuwana Kubiridzira

Hurumende neNPCI vari kuisa mumitemo yokunzvera yakavakirwa pakunyengera yaAI inonzvera mitoo yokutenga munguva chaiyoiyo. RBI’s AI’SPAGES inonangwa ne “Mubhadharo weMupandi weSuperFreegion” gadziriro inoongorora kubhadhara vamiri vemibato inonyumwira. Hurumende iri kuongororawo kushandiswa kwemitengo inodzivirira, misha yemari inochengetedzwa yakakwirira, zvikurukuru mukuwana kwehurumende uye kushambadza kwamarudzi ose. National Reciocrency Corporation iri kutanga “Drace Platformation yemicration inobatanidza mitero yemitemo yemikoro yemitezo yezvokutengeserana, inodirana mari yemitengo yemitengo yemitengo yemitengo.

mhedziso

Mubatanidzwa wezvirongwa zvemari wehurumende wekubudirira munyika yose. Kubatana kwemasangano ezvirongwa zvemari kunoitwa nehurumende kuti zvive nokubudirira. Kuchinja kwemasangano ezvirongwa zvemasangano, kutsigira mutemo, kugadziridza, uye kushandira pamwe kwevoruzhinji kwakaparira nzvimbo umo mabasa emari anogona kukwira pamwero usingawanzoonwa munyika. Kuedza kwehurumende (kubva pakushanda kwechikamu chemari cheJan Dhan kuI kuitwe pamwe nokuchinja, kufambiswa kwemapiona nerogiravhiri yeRupee (*) kusangochinja bedzi kugadziridza bhizimisi asi kudzorawo vagari vemo, uye kuvandudza kukura kwemari. Asi, zvinetso zvakadai sokuva nechengeri kwapa magetsi, kugona kupfuurira, kubetsera kupfuurira kubetsera nokuwana upfumi munyika yose. Kufamba nokungwarira mamiriro ezvinhu anoshamisa. India inofamba kupfurikidza nokubatanidza mativi ose omunhu wose kuti apfuure, uye kupfuudza kupfuudza kupfuvura upfumi hwenyika yose.