Basa ramatare anotarisira muhurumende rinokosha kuunyanzvi hwokuvaka hwehurumende inotonga kwehurumende. Masangano aya haasati achingovawo zvake gadziriro dzokudzora; igadziriro dzebumbiro remitemo dzakagadzirirwa kunzvera simba rehurumende, kuzvidavirira, uye kudzivirira fariro yavose. Nyaya inonzvera kushanda kwematare anotarisira hurumende mukuganhurira kukunda, kutora pafundo dzenhau dzenhau, denho dzapanguva ino, uye fungidziro dzechinjo. Nokunzwisisa kuti tarisiro dzinoshanda sei(uye) uye apo dzinova duku.

Kunzwisisa Matare Anotarisira

Matare anotonga mapoka chaiwo ari mukati memasangano omutemo .N.Akadai sePuarson yeU.S., UK Parmeter, kana kuti magungano ehurumende — ayo anotarisira, hwirudzuro, uye anotarisira zviito zvebazu guru. Chiremera chawo chinobva mukuparadzana kwamasimba nenheyo yokuti hakuna bazi rehurumende rinofanira kushanda pasina kunzvera. Nepo masimba chaiwo anosiana kupfurikidza nokudzora, matare mazhinjisa anotarisira ane mano okunyora magwaro echipuena, kukoka zvapupu, kuchengeta kunzwa, uye mishumo yenhau.

Matare Anotarisira

Kutarisira kunogona kutungamirirwa namarudzi anoverengeka amatare:

  • [[FLT: 0] Matare amisa: matare enguva dzose mudzimba dzomutemo dzinotarisira nharaunda dzakati dzemiitiro (mutoo, House Judiary Committee yeMari yeDare reHurumende).
  • Sarudza kana kuti matare chaiwo: Akarongwa kwenguva yakati kuti aongorore nhau dzakati kana kuti zvisakafanira (muchib., Dare reDare reSamende raWatergate, Dare rechi6 raJanuary).
  • [[FOL:0] matare eMitemo: Akanyorwa nemitezo yedzimba dzose dziri mbiri dzechibvumirano chebhimeyal, inowanzoshandiswa kufunda nhau dzokugurana (muchib., Dare reMamwe pamusoro peTsitsi).
  • Mitumbi inozviisa pasi: Mibato inoshanda kunze kweimba yomutemo asi inoshuma kwairi, yakadai semahofisi okuzvidavirira ehurumende, vaongorori vehurumende, uye masangano etsika.

Hwaro Hwepamutemo Hwoutari

Simba routariri harina kuganhurirwa. MuUnited States, chiremera cheCongress chokunzvera chinoratidzwa nemabasa aro omutemo asi chinogona kumanikidzwa neropafadzo yokutungamirira, kuparadzana kwemasimba, uye kududzirwa kwemitemo yedare repamusorosoro. Nhau dzeWWWP system se Mcrain v. Daughty [1977] dzinosimbisa kuti Congress ine maruramiro makuru okunzvera nhau dzine chokuita nomutemo. United States v. Nixson[FLT:]] [7]] [74]) yakadzikama inoisa muchakavanzika chapamutemo mukati matare anoshanda.

Kukosha Kwematare Okutarisira

Matare anotarisira anobatira zvinangwa zvinokosha zvinoverengeka zvinokosha kuutano hwegadziriro yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu.

Kuzvidavirira

Matare anotonga ane vakuru vakuru vehurumende (vechipiri vakasarudzwa ndokugadzwa) nokuda kwezvisarudzo zvavo, kushandiswa kwemari dzavose, uye kuomerera kumutemo. Kupfurikidza nokunzwa nokunzvera. Matare anogona kufumura kusazvibata, kurumbidza kupiwa mhaka kana kuti kubviswa, uye kupesvedzera murangariro wavanhu.

Kuona bhaisikopo

Nokuongorora pachena zviito zvehurumende, matare anotarisira anomanikidza masangano anotarisira kuti atsive mitemo yawo uye azivise mashoko. Kunzwa kunowanzobudiswa, mapepa anobudiswa, uye zviwanwa zvinobudiswa. Uku kugonesa mapepanhau, masangano enja, uye vagari vemo kuti vatarire hurumende vazvigarire. Muhurumende inotonga zvakanaka, chiedza chezuva ndicho chinouraya utachiona chakanakisisa.

Kuvimba Kwavose

Apo hurumende inonyengerwa inoitika, matare anotarisira anopa gadziriro yokutsiva. Nzvero dzinobudirira .Nyaya dzakafukunura chifukidzo cheWatergate-up(8) dzinogona kudzorera chivimbo chavanhu kupfurikidza nokuratidzira kuti hakuna munhu ari pamusoro pomutemo. Nenzira yakapesana, apo matare anokundikana kuita kana kuti kuonekwa seanodzora, chivimbo chavanhu chinoshatisa. Kutenderwa kwoutarisiri kunopesvedzera zvakananga kuti vagari vemo vazive sei perero yehurumende yavo.

Kudzivisa Kubatwa Zvisina Kufanira

Kuvapo kwechishandiso chakasimba chokutarisira kunodzivisa vakuru vakuru vebazi kuti vasatsoropodze. Kuziva kuti zviito zvavo zvichanzverwa nedare rakazvitsaurira rine simba guru kunotanga kudzivisa kune simba. Uyu muuyo wegadziriro unowanzofuratirwa asi unokosha zvikuru kupfuura kunzvera kumwe kupi nokupi.

Kuongorora Kubudirira Kwoutariri

Nyaya dzinotevera dzinoratidza kuti matare akabudirira sei kukunda hurumende, kunyange zvazvo asingakwanisi kuita zvinhu zvisina kunaka uye vachiitirana nharo.

Ramgate (1972 - 1974)

Zvimwe muenzaniso wakakurumbira zvikurusa woutariri hunobudirira, mhosho yapaWatergate yakaitika pashure pokuputsika padzimbahwe reDemocratic National Committee. Dare Sarudza Committee on Purezidential Campaitutial Actuties, rakatungamirirwa naSenator Sam Ervin, akaitisa nzeve dzakakwirira dzedare dzakafukunura dare reNixon raifukura kubatanidzwa kwekuputsa ndokufukidza kwapachifukidzo. Kunzvera kwedare kwakamanikidzira kubudiswa kwetepi yeHouse uye pakupedzisira kwakatungamirira kuna Purezidhendi Nixon’s Pession. Iyi nhau yakaratidzira kuti dare rakatsunga, rakasununguka kudzora kubereka, ringagona kuunza kubatanidzwa kune simba mutevedzero mukuru wehurumende yehurumende yeFederal Ecrome nePrectic Actsment of Guact yeGuversetment yeGenec.

Iran-Contra Affir (1986 - 19927)

Muma 1980, vatarisiri veReagan vakatengesa zvombo pachivande kuIran ndokuita kuti mari yacho iende kuvapanduki vechiContra muNicaragua, pasinei zvapo nechirambidzo chesangano payamuro yakadaro. Yose ari maviri Imba neDare zvakaumba matare anosarudza kunzvera. Nepo matare akabudirira mukufumura kuputsa mutemo wehurumende uye kuita kuti vakuru vakuru vakuru vapiwe mhaka nokurangarira kunoverengeka zviitiko zvikuru zvakaoneka: matare akasarudza kusatevera zvakasimba kubatanidzwa kwaPurezidhendi Rea Rea, rutivi rwakava nemhaka yezviito zvezvamatongerwe enyika. Iran-Conatra inoratidza kuti kutarisira kunogona kuva kunobudirira pakuzivisa chakaipa asi kunogonawo kudzorwa nokurangarira kukuru uye kuremekedza nokuda kwaPustries.

Dambudziko Remari ra2008

Pashure pokuputsika kwemasangano makuru ezvemari, Congress yakatanga Financial Crisis Inquickry Commission muna 2009 kuti iongorore zvisakiso zvenjodzi yacho. FCIC yakadzokororwa zvinyorwa, yakadzokorora mamirioni ezvinyorwa, uye yakabudisa mushumo wakakwana unotaura kuti njodzi yacho yakabva mukundikano, miitiro yezvemari ine ngozi, uye kusatarisirwa kwebhizimisi. Kunyange zvazvo FCIC yakanga isiri dare remitemo yemitemo yehurumende (ichive dare rehurumende) raishandira kutongeswa neCongress Congresss uye raiva nesimba rePrena. Basa rayo rakazivisa kuti mamiriro ezvinhu ezveridziko rePurcial , uye kuti chiteshivice Act yePricial Inficial Protection yeRvicial Office Burence Bureaume. Muenzaniso uyu unosimbisa sei kuvandudza kugadziridzanya kunyange apo chipfumo chebazu chebazi chavanhu chavanhu chavanhu chavanhu chapamakuru muhurumende

CHOVID-19 Pandemic Toursts (202010-2022)

Mukati medenda reCOVID-19, matare anotarisira munyika dzakawanda akanzvera mhinduro dzehurumende. Dare reImba raHlamuro reSub Countee paCoronavirus Crisis rakanzvera kubata kwevatarisiri veTrump, kubatanidza kuwanikwa kwezvinetso nokusakwanisa kunyora mashoko. Pakati pezviwanwa zvaro paiva kuti kudzongonyedzwa kwezvamatongerwe enyika kwakadzivisa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Nenzira yakafanana, Dare reUK’Practure Alpolatetion profects rakanzvera kutempssssssss pamidziyo inodzivirira. Nepo izvi zvaiedza dzimwe nguva zvakanga zviri zvisaririra kudzorwa nezvikamu zvinopesana zvinovanwa nohumudzo, zvakasimbisa ukoshiwo kuzvidavirira kwepashure uye zvakatungamirira kukugadzirirwa kwedavirira.

Kushandiswa Kwazvino Uno muParamende yeUK

Mugadziriro yeparamende yeBritain, matare anosarudza akazvisimbisa amene nenzira inowedzera chifo cheWright Reforms ya2010, iyo yakaita zvigaro zvamadare zvakasarudzwa neImba yose panzvimbo pokugadzwa nemapoka. Matare akadai seDare rePublic Maakaundial neDare reHome Affairs akaitisa mibvunzo yakakwirira muzvisarudzo zvehurumende. (Somuenzaniso, kubata kwechinyadziro cheWindrash uye kupiwa mubayiro kwezvibvumirano zveCOVOVAD). Matare aya akamanikidzira vashumiri nevashandi vehurumende kupindura nokuda kwokukundikana, kunyange zvazvo vasina simba rokudzivisa zviito zvehurumende. Kubudirira kwavo kunowana mumitezo yavose uye dzvinyiriro yeparamende nezvinobudisa nhau.

Matambudziko Akasangana Nawo Nematare Anotarisira

Pasinei nokubudirira kwaanoita, matare anotarisira anoshanda achine zvimwe zvaanokwanisa kuita.

Kuchinja Kunoita Kudenga

Muhurumende dzakawanda dzinosarudzwa navanhu, mitumbi yemitemo yakava yakaputswa zvikuru. Apo dare rinodzorwa nebato rimwe chetero savakuru vakuru, pane ngozi yokusanyatsonzvera. Nenzira yakapesana, apo vashori vanowana vazhinji, nzvero dzingarangarirwa sedenho dzechitsaru panzvimbo poutariri hwapamutemo. Kushandiswa kunowedzera kwezviputu zvehurumende nenzvero nokuda kwebetsero dzechitsoropodzo kunzvimbo yechishuvo chapachokwadi chokuzvidavirira.[1] [2] Kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji kacho kunotungamirira kukusatendeseka kwavose uye kuro. MuU.S., makore gumi apfuura, zvakaona kunzvera kwakawanda kwadzorwa kwezvose zviri zviviri Hurumende neRemocratic Republican kwaidzoroy iyo vatsoropotendi vakanyandurwa nezvinopesvedzera zvezvamatongerwe enyika panzvimbo pekuda kuzvidavirira.

Kudzivisa Bazu Kune Vatungamiriri

Vakuru vakuru vakuru vakuru vanodzora vanowanzodzivisa kutarisirwa kupfurikidza nokukumbira kutaura kweropafadzo yavakuru vakuru, chengeteko yenyika, kana kuti kungoramba kubatira pamwe. Mukati moudzori hweTrump, vakuru vakuru vazhinji vakazvidza zvikwata zviduku, uye vadzori vakaramba kugovera magwaro kumatare akawanda. Apo Congress inenge isina murairo wapamutemo wokumanikidzira vapurisa kupfurikidza nokutonga kwokuzvidza kana kuti chiito chedare, tarisiro inodzorwa. Kunonoka kwehondo dzedare kunogonawo kubvumira mukuru mukuru kunonotsa kutungamirira kupfuura nhambo, kukunda kuzvidavirira.

Pfuma Yakaganhurirwa uye Kurasikirwa

Matare okutarisira anowanzovimba navashandi vaduku vaanoenzanisa nebazu guru rinotungamirira raanotarisira. Somuenzaniso, Dare Rokudzosera Imba reU.S., iro rinotarisira mamirioni emadhora mukushandisa, rinongova nemitezo yavashandi vane mazana mashomanene bedzi. Kukwanisa kunzvera kunoda nyanzvi dzepamutemo, vaongorori, uye nyanzvi dzezvokudzora. Pasina mari yakakwana, matare haagoni kunzvera zvakakwana zvirongwa zvehurumende zvakaoma kana kuti kutevera panyunyuto dzechimbichimbichimbi.

Kutapura Kwengwariro Yezvinobudisa Nhau Neyavanhu Vose

Kutarisira kunobudirira kazhinji kazhinji kunotsamira pakuwanwa kwezvokumanikidza vakuru vakuru ndokudzidzisa vanhu. Zvisinei, kutenderera kwemazuva ano kwenhau kwemaawa 24 kunogona kutungamirira matare kuisa ngwariro pamisoro inonyandura panzvimbo pokukundikana kwegadziriro yenguva refu. Nenzira inopesana, kunokosha asi zvishoma sokuongorora kwokuwana kana kuti kudzokororwa kwomutemo. Chinoguma i “kuongorora nemusoro mukuru” kunogona kukanganisa zvinhu zvinokosha uye kusiya zvinetso zvegadziriro yapasi zvisina kuzvidavirira.

Kuganhurirwa Kwegadziriro

Mugadziriro dzeparamende, umo mukuru mukuru anotorwa kubva mudare, matare anotarisira anoratidzika kuva asina simba nemhaka yokuti anodzorwa nebato revoruzhinji rinotsigira hurumende. Nepo chinjo seWright Reforms dzakasimbisa matare anosarudza muUK, masimba awo anoramba akaganhurirwa. Matare anogona kushuma ndokurumbidza, asi haagoni kumanikidza mukuru mukuru kuti aite. Mugadziriro dzapurezidhendi, matare ane simba rakarongwa zvikuru asi anotarisana netyisidziro yekuva nerakataro. Hapana gadziriro inodzikamisa zvakakwana kudikanwa kwokutarisira nokubudirira kwehurumende.

Zvirongwa Zvokuita Kuti Unyatsobudirira

Kugadzirisa matambudziko atsanangurwa pamusoro apa kunoda kuti pave nenzira dzakawanda.

Kusimbisa Kumanikidza

Congress inofanira kufambisa murairo wokuchengetwa kwamapapoena, kuderedza kunonoka kunoparirwa neridziro. Zvirongwa zvinobatanidza matare anopa simba kuti aise faindi kuvakuru vakuru vasina kubatana kana kuti kuvamba dare chairo rokupedza nharo pamusoro pemasangano. Subpoena Enforcement Act ya 2022 muU.S. Imba yaitsvaka kutanga kuisa mutemo wavagari vemo nokukurumidza, kunyange zvazvo isina kuitwa. Kudzorwa kwokukurumidza kunokosha kunofanira kuchengetwa.

Wedzera Zviwanikwa Zvaunozvimirira

Matare anofanira kugamuchira mabhajeti akawedzerwa nokuda kwavashandi, ruzivo rwokunzvera, uye nyanzvi dzinozvimirira. Kuwedzera simba ramasangano asingatsigiri tsigiro . yakadai seHurumende (GAO) muU.S. uye Office yePicialism yeNational in UK(can) inogovera matare mashoko akavimbika, edonzo. GAO imuenzaniso, kunyange zvazvo mutoro wawo webasa wawedzera pasina wedzero yemari.

Kutsigira Vatungamiriri VeDare Rebipartia

Zvigaro zvedare nenhengo dzapamusoro zvinofanira kuisa zvinhu zvinokosha pakutarisira. Kana Congress ichigona kubvumirana pamibvunzo mishoma mikuru parusando rumwe norumwe, kuedza ikoko kunorayira ruremekedzo rukuru rwevoruzhinji kupfuura kukwikwidzana kwenzvero. Kubvunzurudza kwavose uye kutanga matare akasarudzwa pamwe chete nokuda kwenhau huru zvinogona kuderedza kunzwisisa kubatwa zvisina kufanira kwevapanduki. Kubudirira kwe9/11 Commission, iyo yaiva nechiratidzo chakaenzana kubva kumativi ose ari maviri, kunowanzodudzwa somuenzaniso.

Simba uye Dzivirire Vari Kufuridzira

Vatsigiri manyuko akakomba emashoko nokuda kwamatare anotarisira. Kusimbisa dziviriro mukutsiva, kugovera betsero yapamutemo, uye kugadzira mikoto yakachengeteka yokushuma kunogona kukurudzira vaviri kufambira mberi. Mitemo yakafanana neWhistlePriffer Protection Residefication Act (202) uye kusikwa kwavakuru vakuru vamakambani vakazvimirira inhano murutivi rwakarurama, asi zvakawanda zvinogona kuitwa, zvakadai sokuva nechokwadi chezita uye kugovera mibayiro yemari nokuda kwokuwana pachena kukuru.

Ruzivo Rwemagetsi Rwokutarisisa

Matare anofanira kugamuchira zvishandiso zvemichina kuti aongorore magwaro, mabasa evakuru vakuru, uye kubudisa zviwanwa mumaforoma anowanika. Masuo eUNES abvumira vagari vemo kutumira mari dzokupa nokuongorora kufambira mberi kwekuongorora kungawedzera kuvimbisana kwavose uye kuzvidavirira. Kushandisa mashoko okuziva mitoo yokurasa tsvina, kubiridzira, kana kuti kubatwa zvisina kufanira kunogona kubatsira matare kuisa basa rawo panzvimbo yokutanga. Kurect.gov Nzvimbo, iyo inoshuma mutungamiriri mukuru wehurumende, inovimbisa.

Kunyura Kwezuva Kwenguva Dzose Kwokufamba

Kuti adzivise kuneta kwokuongorora, matare anofanira kuronga nguva yakajeka yemibvunzo mikuru uye kuongorora nguva nenguva zvirongwa zvawo zvokutarisira.Izvi zvinobatsira kuti pave nokuongorora kwakajeka kunorasikirwa nefariro yavose. Chinodikanwa chokuti dare rimwe nerimwe rimire riite gadziriro yokutarisira gore negore chinogona kuvimbisa ngwariro yakarongeka kubazi guru.

mhedziso

Matare anotonga anoramba ari chinhu chinova nechokuzvidavirira kwehurumende. Kubudirira kwawo mukuganhurira hurumende inonyengerwa hakuvimbiswi, zvisinei. Rubudiriro rwenhau kuvambira paWatergate kusvikira kunzvero yenhamo yezvemari() ratidzira bviro dzawo dzinobvira, nepo denho dzinopfuurira dzakadai sedzokuoma mitezo kweganda nokudzivisa kwehurumende dzinosimbisa kuva kwawo asina kusimba. Kusimbisa utariri kunoda ngwariro inopfuuridzirwa kupfuma, mutoo wehurumende, uye kuda kwezvamatongerwe enyika. Apo matare anoshanda zvakanaka, anodzivirira voruzhinji pakushandiswa zvisina kufanira kwesimba, kukwidziridza, uye kuvaka chivimbo mumasangano ehurumende. Munhambo yokuwedzera chiremera chavakuru vakuru vakuru uye kukuva vatarisiri vehurumende, kutarisira kwakasimba kunofanira kuziva kuti kutarisirwa hakusi chishandiro chekushanda asi mutoro mukuru wehurumende.