Basa rokukanda bhoti harisi muitiro wehurumende; kushandiswa kwakananga kwesimba rinoumba mitemo, bhajeti, uye utungamiriri hwemwero yose yehurumende. Nokuda kwavadzidzi, vadzidzisi, uye vagari vose, vanonzwisisa kuti vhoti imwe chete inowirirana sei mumuitiro mukuru wehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Apo mamiriyoni ezvisarudzo zvinobatana, vanosarudza kuti muitiro wehurumende yavose unorongwa, kugoverwa kwezviwanikwa, uye kudzivirirwa kwekodzero dzinokosha. Uku kuongorora kwekuvhotera kunopfuudzira midzi yayo yenhau, migumisiro, migumisiro yedzidzo, mhinganidzo dzinopfuurira, uye zvirongwa zvinogona kusimbisa kutora rutivi. Kusvikira pamugumo, shoko rakajeka ibhuku riri pachena: kuvhota munheyo yenguva yemberi.

Kukosha Kwokupa

Kudzosera mashoko ndiwo majekiseni ehurumende inomiririra hurumende inosarudzwa nevanhu. Ndiwo mutoo unoshandiswa nevagari vemo kupa kana kuti kurega kubvuma kudzorwa. Pasina izvozvo, vakuru vakuru vehurumende havangavi nechido chokuita zvinodiwa nevanhu. Kukosha kwokuvhota kunogona kuputswa kuva mbiru dzakawanda dzakabatanidzwa.

Simba Nenzwi

Pamwero wakwo mukurusa, kuvhota kunoshandura mipimo yomunhu oga nezvinokosha muzvisarudzo zvavose. Paunovhota, uri kutaura kuti murangariro wako pamusoro pemitero, dzidzo, tarisiro yezveutano, kana kuti kuchinja mamiriro okunze. Uku pfungwa yokupiwa simba inokosha zvikuru nokuda kwamapoka akakwikwidzwa munhau akarwa nejeri renhau uye kunopfuurira kurwisa (pakuti vasvike zvakaenzana kumunhu anovhota. Zvidzidzo nguva dzose zvinoratidza kuti vanhu vanonzwa vakabatana zvikuru nenzanga dzavo uye vane chivimbo zvikuru mumano avo okuchinja.

Kumirirwa Kwemifungo Yakasiana - siana

Democracy yakanaka inoda kuti mitumbi inosarudzwa iratidzire chiverengero chavagari vemo, zvinoitika, uye fariro zvavagari vemo zvavanobatira. Kudzorwa ndiyo nzira huru iyo nzanga dzakaderera dzinogona kuvimbisa nayo itiro hanya dzadzo dzinonzwiwa. Somuenzaniso, apo vakadzi vakawana maruramiro okuvhota muna 1920, mitemo ine chokuita negarikano yavana, utano hwavanhu vose, uye chengeteko yebasa yakavamba kugamuchira ngwariro huru zvikuru yemitemo. Nenzira yakafanana, Voting Rights Act ya 1965 yakawedzerwa zvikuru kunyoreswa kweBlack revhota muSouth, ichitungamirira kukusarudzwa kwavakuru vakuru vakuru veAfrica vaAmerica avo vakaunza nzvimbo itsva kunzanga yeguta nemitemo yehurumende.

Kuzvidavirira Nesimba Rokubvisa

Nhuro ikadhi remishumo nokuda kwezvisarudzo. Vakuru vakuru vanofuratira murangariro wavanhu, vanopinda muuori, kana kuti vanokundikana kupa pazvipikirwa vanogona kuvhotwa muhofisi. Iyi nzira yokuzvidavirira inogona kuita kuti hurumende irambe ichinzwa. Somuenzaniso, mitezo yechikoro inodzora inobvisa mari inotsigirwa nemhiko dzenzanga dzakapararira kunowanzotarisana nokukundwa muchisarudzo chinotevera. Nenzira yakafanana, vatongi vanotambudza njodzi dzoutano dzavo dzevoruzhinji vakaona kuderera kwekudzororerwa uye vapingamupinyi vanotevera kuwana puro. Bvirowo zvayo yokuvhotera kunze kwechipidhingidzo kuti vateerere (Pew Research Center, 20).[FLT]

Kubatanidzwa Munzanga Nokubatana Munzanga

Kukwazisaka hachisi chiito chokuzvitora. Kunowanzotangira nekurukurirano nemhuri, shamwari, vavakidzani, uye vashandi biyako. Misangano yemuitiro yemuitiro, horo dzemataundi, uye kunyoresa zvinovaka dzimbahwe renzanga (mubatanidzwa wokuvimba nokubatanidzwa unoita kuti nzanga dzive pamwe chete. Kunyange chiito chakapfava chokuenda kunzvimbo inovhota chinogona kutanga kurukurirano pamusoro penhau dzomunzvimbomo. Kunzvera kubva ku U.S Censaroau /] kunoratidza kuti vanhu vanovhota vane bviro yorutsirowo zvikuru yokuzvipira, vanogovera, uye vanopinda misangano yavose, kuchiita nhambo yakanaka yokutora rutivi rwezviwiso.

Nhoroondo: Kurwira Bhallot Kwenguva Refu

Kodzero yokuvhota muUnited States haina kutongopiwa munyika yose; yakawanwa mumakumi amakore echiito, mutemo, uye chinjo yebumbiro remitemo.

Kubva Pazvinodikanwa Zvezvinhu Kuenda Kukutsvaka Vanhu Vakuru Muchisiko Chose

Murefubhuriki yapakuvamba, nyika zhinjisa dzakaganhurira kuvhota kuvaridzi vezvinhu vechichena, mupimo waibvisa vazhinjisa vavagari vemo. Muzana ramakore rechi 19, zvinodikanwa zvezvinhu zvakabviswa zvishoma nezvishoma, asi miganhu yedzinza nevatano yavanhu yakaramba iripo. 15th Amendment (1870) yakanga iri budiriro, bva yakakurumidza kuderedzwa nemitero yokuvhota, nzvero yokunyora nokunyora, uye kutyisidzira kwamasimba masimba muSouth. Kwaizotora rimwe zana ramakore pamberi peVoting Rights Act ya 1965 pakupedzisira miitiro iyi yokusasarura mhaka.

Kushatirwa Kwavakadzi Ne Amendement yechi 19

Sangano ravakadzi rokusaita magariro, rakaguma muChibvumirano che 19 (1920), rakanga riri rwisano yamakore 72 yaibatanidza kufamba, nzara, uye hondo dzapamutemo. Kuwedzera kwavakadzi hakuna kungowedzera bedzi mamirioni avavhoti vatsva; kwakachinja zvirongwa zvezvamatongerwe enyika. Nhau dzakadai sebasa rokushandisa vana, chengeteko yezvokudya, uye utano hwaamai dzakava netanhamari. Kunyange pashure pa1920, vakadzi vemavara (zvikurukuru MaIndia okuAmerica, Asia, uye Matema muSouth) dzakapfuurira kutarisana nemiganhuro yezvamatongerwe enyika kusvikira kurumbidzo dzapashure.

Kutsigira Kodzero Nezvinetso Zvadzo Zvazvino Uno

Voting Rights Act ya1965 inowanzonzi mutemo wekodzero dzevanhu unobudirira zvikurusa wati wamboitwa. Yakarambidza kuongorora kunyoresa, yakagovera kutungamirira kwehurumende kwokunyoresa munzvimbo nenhau yorusaruro, uye yaida kuti pave nehurumende dzine nhau yokusarura kuti dzive nokutanga . Zvichinjo dzipi nedzipi kumitemo yokuvhota. Zvisinei, dare guru re 2013 mu Shelby County v. Raker[ [] yakarovanisa zvakasimba mutemo wokuvhota, kubatanidza zvinodikanwa zvekuvhotera, kubatanidza zvibvumirano zvitsva zvokuvhotera.

Kuchinja Kwechi26 uye Kutendeutswa Kwepwere

Ganhuriro ye 26 yechiRungu (1971) yakaderedza zera rokuvhota kubva pa 21 kusvika ku18, zvichisundwa nenharo yokuti kana vanhu vaduku vakanga vakura zvakakwana zvokunyorerwa nokuda kweHondo yeVietnam, vakanga vakura zvakakwana kuti vavhote. Muvhoti wepwere ave ari muduku kare kupfuura mapoka ezera rakwegura, asi rakawedzera musarudzo dzemisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi (zvikurukuru pakati pa 1876 kusvikira 2929yeartólds −dn nenhau dzakafanana nokuchinja kwemamiriro okunze nechikwereti zvevadzidzi. Miitiro yakafanana nokuvhotera yapamberi ya 1676 ne17yearères mune dzimwe nyika vavarirolds kuti ivake miitiro yokuvhotera kwoupenyu hwose.

Kuchinja Kunoita Kurumidza Panzvimbo Iri Yose

Kuchinja - chinja zvinhu hakusi chinhuwo zvacho; kunotosarudza zvakananga kuti ndiani akanyora mitemo, kuti mari yemitero inoshandiswa sei, uye kuti zvinhu zvipi zvinotanga kukosheswa.

Zvisarudzo Zvomunzvimbomo: Pane Chiito Chaichoicho

Sarudzo dzomunzvimbomo kazhinji kazhinji dzine tapuro yapakarepo zvikuru paupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Madare ezvikoro anosarudza zvidzidzo, mibhadharo yomudzidzisi, uye kungava kutsigira unyanzvi kana kuti mitambo. Madare eguta anogadza mwero yemitero yemari, mitemo yokuronga nyika, uye mari yemari yamapurisa. Mayar anotarisira zvokufambisa zvavose, utsanana, uye mabasa ekurumidziro. Asi sarudzo dzomunzvimbomo dzinozivikanwa nembiriso dzinozivikanwa kuti dzakaderera, kureva boka duku, rakatsaurirwa ravavhoti rinogona kudzora pesvedzero. Somuenzaniso, boka rechikoro rinosarudza nemazana mashomanene bedzi mavhoti rinogona kuchinja kurongwa kwedzidzo yeruwa rwose.

Kusarudzwa Kwehurumende: Misangano Yehurumende Inosarudzwa Navanhu

Hurumende dzinodzora nhevedzano huru yedzoro dzemiitiro, kubatanidza Medicaid, mubhadharo muduku, mirau yemhoteredzo, kutsigira dzidzo, uye miitiro yokuvhota zvimene. Nhano dzinobvumira vavhoti kudarika masangano emitemo uye kuita mitemo zvakananga, sezvinoonwa mumakore achangobva kupfuura nokunyoreswa pamutemo kwembanje, wedzero shomanene, uye dziviriro dzinobvisa mimba munyika dzinoverengeka. Kuumbwa kwemasangano edziviriro ehurumende kunosarudzawo kuti mitsetse yeruwa inodzorwa sei neanogona kuisa mutezo wapamutemo kana kuti kusekesa kumirira zvakanaka.

Kusarudzwa Kwerudzi: Kugadza Nzira Yorudzi

Purezidhendi naCongress vanoita zvisarudzo pamusoro pomutemo wokumwe, mitero yehurumende, Dare repamusorosoro, zvirongwa zvikuru zvenzanga zvakadai seSocial Security and Medicare, uye mipimo yemhoteredzo yenyika. Sarudzo imwe yapurezidhendi inogona kubvisa bazu redare redare redare kutsika 2016 yakatungamirira kukusarudza kutatu kweDare Guru rakazopedzisira radzosa Roe v. Wadeh.

Chidzidzo: Chikonzero Nei Zivo Ichikosha

Mashoko anotoita kuti vanhu vade hurumende inosarudzwa nevanhu. Vhoti isina ruzivo inogona kukuvadza kupfuura kuvhota, nokuti inoderedza kujeka kwezvido zvevavhota.

Dzidzo Yemiviri Muzvikoro

Kunzvera kunoratidzira kuti vadzidzi vanogamuchira murairidzo mukuru wehurumende wokuenzana wehurumende vanowanzovhota savakuru, vanonzwisisa nhau dzezvamatongerwe enyika, uye vanovimba namasangano ehurumende. Dzidzo yehurumende inobudirira inopfuura kubata nomusoro mapazi matatu ehurumende; inobatanidza kuenzanisira kwakafanana namasarudzo okunyepedzera, gakava pamusoro penhau dzazvino, uye kuongororwa kwamanyuko enhau. Mitezo yakadai seFlorida neIllinois yakaraira nguva pfupi yapfuura kuti vadzidzi vagamuchire muraidzo mumabhuku okurava nemashoko kuti vabetsere kuyera kutaura kwezvamatongerwe enyika uye kubvisa mashoko.

Kutsvakurudza Kwaungaita Nyaya Nenyaya Dzacho

Varidzi vemabhuku nhasi vanotarisana nemashoko akawanda - wanda anotaurwa nenhema. Muvhoti ane mutoro anofanira:

  • Kurava manyuko akawanda enhau ane mirangariro yakasiana yokupepeta kuti uwane murangariro wakadzikama.
  • Constult inotungamirira muvhoti asingaiti pirtia yakadai seiyo inobva kuLeague of Women Voters kana Balottedia.
  • Cheka zvikuva zvapamutemo zvakananga kubva pawebsite dzenhimbe nezvinyorwa zvehurumende.
  • [[NHAU:0] Factcecheck[ inoshandisa nzvimbo dzakafanana neCheck.org kana kuti PolitiFact usati wagovana.
  • horo dzetaundi dzakanamirwa kana kuti makwikwi kunzwa nzvimbo dzisina kugadzirwa nokubvunza mibvunzo.

Vadzidzisi vanogona kubatanidza unyanzvi uhwu muzvidzidzo, kubva muzvidzidzo zvenzanga kusvika kuunyanzvi hwemitauro yeChirungu, nokuita kuti vadzidzi vaongorore kushambadza kwenhimbe, kuenzanisa zvikarakadzo zvemitemo, kana kuti kunyorera vakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa tsamba.

Basa Rokukurukurirana Kwenzanga Nemhuri

Kurukurirano dzezvamatongerwe enyika pamusha nomumapoka ezera ravo zvishandiso zvedzidzo zvine simba. Apo vabereki vanotaura kuvana vavo pamusoro pechikonzero nei ivo vachivhota uye nzira yavanosarudza nayo, vanoratidzira kuva vagari vemo vanoshingaira. Kollege, nemirangariro yavo yakasiana namasangano avadzidzi, zvinobatira sevatsigiri vebvumirano yezvamatongerwe enyika. Kukurudzira kurukurirano yokuremekedza mumisiyano yetsika kupfuura garaji rehedhemoni.

Zvinetso Zvinoramba Zvichinetsa Kuwedzera

Pasinei zvapo nevavariro yomunhu mumwe, vhoti imwe, mhinganidzo dzakawanda dzinodzivisa kubuda kana kuti kuderedza simba ramapoka akati.

Nzira Dzokudzvinyirira Dzokufambisa Magetsi

Kudzvinyirirwa kwevoter hakusi chinhu chichiripo chenhambo yeJim Crow.

  • Strict rest remote remite [ iro rinotapura nomutoo usingaenzaniswi vashoma, mari shomanene, uye vavhoti vakwegura vangashaiwa raisensi yomutyairi kana kuti pasipoti.
  • Mitambo yemirongedzero yevoti inobvisa vavhoti vakakodzera pasina ziviso yakakwana.
  • Kuderedza nzvimbo dzokuvhota munharaunda dzine vanhu vashoma zvikuru, kuchitungamirira kukumirira kwenguva refu uye kuodza mwoyo kutora rutivi.
  • [ Kutonga pamusoro peposi kuvhota ndokukanda mabhokisi, ayo akava nzvimbo inonzverwa pashure pesarudzo 2020.

Brennan Center for Justice inoita izvi uye yakanyora kuti pakati pa 2021 na 2024, nyika 19 dzinopa mitemo inoita kuti kuve kwakaoma zvikuru kuvhota.

Kumirira uye Kumiririra Kusina Kuenzana

Gerrymandering(kudhirowa kwemitsetse yoruwa kuti idivire rimwe boka kana kuti ritsigire rimwe.) Kurerekera kutsika yokumirira kwakaenzana. Apo maruwa anokweverwa kurongedza kana kuti kuvhota kwacrack kwebato rimwe, muuyo wesarudzo unogona kuva zvose asi wakafanofanorongwa. Ikoku kunoderedza makwikwi uye kunoita kuti vamiririri vasarudze vasarudzo vasarudzo vasandudze. Independent redificialing maoting commissing, inoshandiswa mumin seCalifornia neMichigan, injo imwe inogona kuderedza gerrydering.

Kusakendenga Nokuora Mwoyo

Vavhoti vazhinji vakakodzera vanosarudza zvavo kusatora rutivi. Zvikonzero zvinobatanidza kudavira kuti vhoti yavo haina basa, kusemburwa nokutsigira kwakaipa, kana kuti kunzwa kwokuti vanhu vakuru vose vari vaviri vanofuratira itiro hanya dzavo. Uku kuora mwoyo kwakakwirira zvikurukuru pakati pavanhu vaduku uye vavhoti vemibayiro yakaderera vanoona chinjo shomanene muupenyu hwavo pasinei zvapo nokuti ndiani anokunda. Zvisinei, sarudza kuri kwose kunobatanidza madzinza apedyo: muna 2022, chigaro chehurumende muVirginia chakasarudzwa nemari imwe chete yokuzvikwidziridza pashure pechisungo, uye maruvara akawanda omunzvimbomo anosarudzwa namavhoti asingasviki 10. Ruvhoti rumwe norumwe runogona zvamazvirokwazvo kuita musiano.

Mutsigiri Anokurudzira Kutora Rutivi: Zvibvumikiso Zvinosimbisa

Kuwedzera kwekuwana purofiti kunoda zvose zviri zviviri kubvisa mhinganidzo uye kusunda nokushingaira vanhu kuvhota.

Kupfavisa Muitiro Wokunyoresa Nokugadzira Mari

Masangano anopa kunyoresa kwezuva rimwe chetero, kunyoresa kwokuvhota kwoga (AVR), uye kunyoresa paIndaneti kune nhambo yakakwirira kupfuura ayo ane mitemo inoganhurira zvikuru. Kubvira muna 2024, maruwa 23 eColumbia akagamuchira AVR, iyo yakanyoresa mamiriyoni avavhoti vatsva pamutemo zvarwakangoita zvokuzviitikira apo anoshanda neBato reMor Vehcles kana kuti mamwe masangano. Kuvhota uye kusavhota kwokutanga kunoshairira kunoitawo kuti zvive nyore kune avo vane zvirongwa zvakawanda kana kuti vanongodaidzira kuisa basa.

Kungwarira uye Kuwana Zvinhu Zvakarongwa Zvekurwisa

Masangano asingaitirpartistan akadai seRock the Vote, Vote.org, uye League of Women Voters zvinofambisa nhimbe munyika yose kuyeuchidza vanhu nezvemisi inotsaurirwa kunyoresa, kugovera nzvimbo inovhota, uye kupa kukumbira kwokuvhota navhoti 9369mail. Nhimbe dzenzanga, zvikurukuru idzo dzinovhotera vaduku kupfurikidza navakupesvedzera uye masangano avaenzani, dzakabvumikisa kuva dzinobudirira. Munhambo dzapakati pe 2022, dzinopinda pakati pe 1892 kusvikira 29yeartyands dzakanga dziri dzakakwirira zvikuru nokuda kwenhambo yapakati pamakumi matatu amakore, rutivi rukurusaririra kunhamburiko dzakadaro.

Kunyoresa Kwezviyo Zvechikoro Zvine Mitemo

Zvikoro zvapamusoro zvinogona kuita basa rakananga kupfurikidza nokugamuchira kunyoresa kwomuvhoti zvikarakadzo zvavakwenedzeri vakura uye kubatanidza kunyoresa mumakirasi ehurumende kana kuti ehurumende. Dzimwe nyika, kufanana neCalifornia neMaryland, dzinoda zvikoro zvapamusoro kubvumira kunyoreswa kwezvinasa kana kuti kunyoreswa kwe 1676 na 1776year remagolds. Vadzidzisi navatarisiri vanogona kubatira pamwe navakuru vakuru vesarudzo kuti vave nechokwadi chokuti vadzidzi vane pfuma yavanoda kunyoresa nokutora rutivi.

Kutsvaka Ruzivo Rwenzanga

Apo vanhu vanoona shamwari dzavo nokuvhota kwemhuri, vane bviro huru yokuzvivhota vamene. Kuumba tsika yokuvhota / kupfurikidza nemiitiro yebasa inopa nguva yokuvhota, zvipikirwa zvavose, kana kuti zvinoitika zvomunzanga paZuva roKuvhota ($reinforsing izvo kutora rutivi kunokarirwa nokukosheswa. Koreji dzinogona kuva ne “panhambo nezvinoitika”, uye nharaunda dzinogona kuronga mapoka anofamba kundovhota. Gadziro duku riri rose rinobetsera kuvaka muitiro uyo Cencation Bureauers inoratidzira zvakasimba kubatanidzwa nomufambiro wokuvhotera munguva yemberi.

Mugumisiro: Ramangwana Racho Riri Mumaoko Ako

Kuvhota hakusiko kunongova maruramirowo zvawo; mutoro unopfuurira unorondedzera utano hwehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Kuvambira pahondo dzezana ramakore rechi 19 nerechi20 kusvikira kurwisano dzenguva ino pamusoro pokupinda nokumirira, chiito chokuvhota chave chichikwikwidzwa nguva dzose nokuda kwekuti chine simba kwazvo. Sarudzo iri yose inopa mukana wokutungamirira nguva yemberi: kutsigira mari muzvikoro kana kuti kuzvicheka, kudzivirira mhoteredzo kana kuti kubvisa shatiso, kukudza utano kana kuti kuiganhurira. Zvisarudzo zvakaitwa pabhokisi rebhoroti rebhoti kwenguva refu, kuumba nyika iyo zvizvarwa zvomunguva yemberi zvichagara nhaka.

Kupfurikidza nokunzwisisa mapango, vanonzvera, vanonzvera nenhau, uye kukurudzira avo vakakupoteredza kuti vavhote, iwe unova murongi weramangwana.