Table of Contents
Chinjo yemamiriro okunze inomirira chimwe chedenho hurusa yakatarisana nepasi redu nhasi, uye State Attorney General vakabuda savatsigiri vemitemo vane simba mukurwisa kupedza miuyo yayo. Ava vakuru vakuru vapamutemo venyika dzavo dzinotsaukana vanoshandisa chiremera chaicho kutanga kukwirira mhaka, kuisa miraudzo yemhoteredzo, uye kuita kuti masangano ose ari maviri ehurumende namasangano avanhu anozvimirira azvipotedzo zvinoparira kushata mhoteredzo. Kupfurikidza nenhamburiko dzapamutemo nebatira pamwe, State Attorney General anoumba nzvimbo dzapamutemo dzetsika yemhoteredzo neruramisiro yemhoteredzo muUnited States.
Kunzwisisa Chiremera Chomutungamiriri Wevanhu Munhau Dzemhoteredzo
State Attorney General yakachinja kuva vatambi vakuru vemiitiro mumakore 20 apfuura pamusoro penhau kubatanidza chinjo yemamiriro okunze, achibatira segweta guru rehurumende dzadzo dzine chiremera kugadza mitemo ndokutanga sutus nokuda kwehurumende. Iyi nzvimbo yechienzi inovapa chimiro chapamutemo chokuronda mhaka dzemhoteredzo idzo dzinogona kuva netapuro huru dzemiitiro yemamiriro okunze pamwero yose iri miviri yenyika neyorudzi.
Basa reState Attorney General rinotambanukira kupfuura kuchengetwa kwomutemo kwakapfava. Vanogona kuronda zviito izvo zvinotsigira basa rehurumende, uyewo vanozadza mipata yakasiya nemirau yehurumende, kubatanidza kudzivirira mhoteredzo nokuda kwavagari vemo vavo apo hurumende yehurumende isati isati ichizoda. Iri basa rokuzadza musiyano razova rinokosha zvikurukuru mukati menhambo apo dziviriro dzemhoteredzo dzehurumende dzehurumende dzinoneteswa kana kuti kudzorwa.
State Attorney General anoshanda kuti makambani anozvidavirira nokuda kwekuvadziko dzinobatanidzwa nezvinoiswa mufoshoo inoiswa mupeyi wevhu ndimumwe mubato wakadaro unozadza mukaha. Chiremera chawo chinobatanidza mikoto mizhinji yapamutemo, kubatanidza kuchengetwa kwemitemo yedziviriro yehurumende, mitemo yemhoteredzo, kutaura kwechinovhiringidza ruzhinji, uye rondedzero dzinoparira njodzi. Iyi nzira yakasiyana- siyana inobvumira kugadzirisa kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze kubva mumativi akasiyana- siyana emitemo, inowedzera bviro yemigumisiro inobudirira.
Kuchinja Kukuru Kwomugariro Wokunze uye Kutevedzana Kwemitemo
State Attorney General anoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana - siyana dzemitemo mukuchinja kwemamiriro okunze. Uku kufambira mberi kwakachinja nokufamba kwenguva sezvo matare akatonga mativi akasiyana - siyana enhau dzine chokuita nemamiriro okunze uye sezvo uchapupu hutsva hwakaoneka pamusoro pezivo yemasangano yemigumisiro yemamiriro okunze.
Kudzivirirwa Kwevatengesi uye Miitiro Yokunyengera
Imwe yerondedzero dzapamutemo dzakatanhamara zvikurusa dzinoshandiswa naState Attorney General inobatanidza mitemo yokudzivirira. Matare akawana kuti hurumende dzinotaura kuti kubiridzira kwehurumende mumitemo mumutemo mumitemo yakadai seMinnesota Excemical Trade Practics Act neMinnesota Express Treaty in Adting Act. Idzi rondedzero dzinotaura kuti makambani epeturu aipinda munhimbe dzezvipfuyo zvepeturo amakore akawanda okunyengera pamusoro petapuro yenzvimbo dzamabasa awo.
Mazano okudzivirira anonangidzira ngwariro papomero dzokuti makambani akatsausa vanhu kupfurikidza nokushambadzira nokutaura kwavose.
Kunyepa Kwavose Nezviitwa Zvinotaura
Kupfuura dziviriro yomutengi, State Attorney General akaronda kutaura kwetsamwisa vanhu nerondedzero dzezvigadzirwa. Anonyunyuta kuti, somugumisiro wokukundikana kwevakwirirwi kunyevera pamusoro pekuvadziko dzemamiriro okunze dzine chokuita nokushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zvavo, hurumende dzakakuvara nokukuvadza kwakakura, kubatanidza zvinhu zvehurumende, zvirongwa zvehurumende, uye zviwanikwa zvomusikirwo. Izvozvi zvinotsvaka kutanga kuti makambani epeturu aive nebasa rokunyevera vatengi nevoruzhinji pamusoro pengozi dzinozivikanwa dzezvigadzirwa zvavo.
Chinovhiringidza vanhu chinotaura kuti kupfuurira kwegasi rinopisa rinobudiswa kunoreva kupindira kusina musoro kwekodzero dzevanhu, kusanganisira kodzero yemamiriro okunze akagadzikana uye mamiriro ezvinhu akapoteredza akasimba.
Mishonga Yehurumende Yakaoma
State Attorney General akashandawo muzviito zvinodenha zvehurumende zvinonetesa dziviriro dzemhoteredzo. Nyika dzakakumbanira kukwikwidza mhaka kuedza kwehurumende kuderedza mipimo yesimba resimba ramagetsi nokuda kwezvimwe zvinhu pasi peEnergy Policy and Conservation Act. Zviito izvi zvokuzvidzivirira zvinovavarira kuchengetedza dziviriro dzemhoteredzo dziripo uye kudzivisa kudzokera shure pakufambira mberi kwemamiriro okunze.
Zvibvumirano zvenyika dzakawanda zvakaumba zvikurukuru kuti zvidenhe mitemo yehurumende inodzora. Zvinetso zvizhinji zvehurumende zvakaguma nezvisarudzo zvinoda masangano kuti awane zvimwe zviito zvingasakanganisa zvakatipoteredza kana kuti zvingabudisa mashoko anobva mumhoteredzo. Kukunda uku kwetsika dzinosimbisa kuti kurangarira mhoteredzo kurambe kuri rutivi rwemiitiro yehurumende yokuita chisarudzo.
Zviratidzo Zvenyika: Kutungamirira Mamiriro Okunze kweCalifornia
California yakabuda somutungamiriri mumugariro wokunze wenzvimbo yehurumende, ichinzvera nzvimbo yayo semari hurusa yehurumende kuronda chiito chapamutemo choupengo chemasimba masimba pamakambani makuru epeturu. Kusvika kwehurumende kwazova muenzaniso nokuda kwamamwe mativi anorangarira kupfura kwakafanana.
Mutemo Wemafuta Mukuru weCalifornia v.
Muna September 2023, California Attorney General Rob Bonta akazivisa kukwirira mhaka kwetsoro pashanu dzemakambani makurusa eoiri negasi munyika .Exxon Molil, Shell, Chevron, Conoco Philips, uye BP(na American Petroleum Institute nokuda kwokunzi vaibatanidzwa munhimbe yemakumi amakore okunyengera uye kuparira chinjo yemamiriro okunze munyika yose ine ngozi. Iyi mhaka inomirira nhamburiko inokosha zvikurusa yemamiriro okunze enzvimbo anokosha zvikuru kuti isvike musi.
Nemhosva, California yakava nzvimbo hurusa yenzvimbo dzapasi nepfuma hurusa zvokuendesa makambani makuru eoiri kudare. Mwero wechiito cheCalifornia wakatumira chiratidzo chine simba kudzimwe nyika uye kuindasitiri yepeturu yezvicherwa kuti kuzvidavirira kwemamiriro okunze kwakanga kwasvika mwero mutsva woukombi nokuoma kwendangariro.
Sezvinodonongodzwa munyunyuto yacho, California yakapedzera makumi amabhirioni amadhora kuchinjira kuchinjo yomugariro wokunze ndokugadzirisa chinjo yemamiriro okunze yakaparira kusvikira zvino, uye hurumende ichada kupedza zvakawanda zvaikoko mumakore anouya. kukwidza mhaka kunotsvaka kuwanazve idzi ndyiko ndokutanga miitiro yokudzorerwa kunopfuurira sezvo migariro yokunze inopfuurira kukwira.
Kutaura Kwokunyengedza Nokupfuurira
Kuparidzwa kweCalifornia kwachinja kwete kungogadzirisa kunyengera kwenhau chete asi miitiro inotsausa inopfuurira. Chivimbo chakachinjwa chakaiswa muSan Francisco County Superior Court chinobatanidza mimwe mienzaniso yokushambadzira kwenhema kwemisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi uye mufambiro wokugeza kwegirini nekambani dzeoiri, zvichizivisa kuti makambani aiita nhimbe yemakumi emakore pamusoro pekuchinja kwemamiriro okunze enzvimbo. Iyi ngwariro yemiitiro yazvino uno inosimbisa mhaka yepamutemo kupfurikidza nokuratidza kuti mufambiro wakashata hausati uri wenhauwo zvayo asi unopfuurira kusvikira kuzuva razvino.
Kupfurikidza nokupinda mu "kushambidza kushatisa kwegirini"", nenzira yenhema kana kuti inonyengera kuratidzira zvigadzirwa zvavo zvepeturu zvepeturu uye ivo vamene seshamwari yemhoteredzo kana kuti yemamiriro okunze . Makambani aya anozviratidzira amene kuva rutivi rwechinopedza mugariro wokunze panzvimbo pechisakiso chikuru chenjodzi yemamiriro okunze, nokutaura kwadzokororwazve kuti zvimwe zvinhu zvakati kuti zvakacheneswa kutsausa vaCalifornia. Uku kushambadza kunoparira mativi azvino uno kuratidzira kuvadziko yezvakapoteredza uko kunonzwika nezvinoshuviwa nezvinoshuviwa nemhoteredzo yebhizimisi pamusoro penhau yebhizimisi.
Kutsvaka Kusagutsikana Nemakomborero
Chinyunyuto chakagadziridzwa cheCalifornia chinobatanidza chikumbiro pasi pe AB 1366, icho chinobvumira Attorney Mukuru mukuru kutsvaka mhindu inowanwa mukuputswa kwoMutemo weUnifair naMateo okushambadzira enhema, kuchida kuti vakwiridziridziri vape mhindu inowanwa kupfurikidza nomufambiro usiri wapamutemo. Iyi mushonga unopfuvura kuvadziko yegamuchidzanwa nevavariro dzokubvisa makambani ebetsero dzemari izvo zvinonzi zvinowanwa kupfurikidza nemiitiro yokunyengera.
Kana zvikabudirira, zvaizoratidza kuti makambani haagoni kuwana mhindu kubva mumufambiro unoputsa kudzivirira vatengi nemitemo yemhoteredzo, kunyange kana mhindu iyoyo yaizowanwa kwemakumi emakore akawanda.
Kuungana Kwakasiyana - siyana Uye Kuedza Kuwedzera
Achiziva kuti kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze kunopfuura miganhu yemamiriro okunze, State Attorney General vakawanda vakaita mibatanidzwa kuti vawedzere simba ravo uye vagoverane.
Simba Rokuvaka Kudyidzana
Mibatanidzwa iyi yakakura inounza mifungo yakasiyana - siyana nezvinhu, zvichiita kuti zviomere vaipomerwa mhosva kuti vasazvifarira mune zvematongerwo enyika kana kuti vaishayiwa mumutemo.
Kupfuura panguva ipi neipi munhau yeUnited States, magweta makuru kumativi ose ari maviri ari kushanda mukonzati kufambisira mberi kana kuti kudzivisa zvinangwa zvokutarisira, nemiitiro yemhoteredzo, (hwunowirirana nokuchinja kwemamiriro okunze) (hwunobatana somuenzaniso mukurusa. Uku kubatana kunotambanukira kupfuura zvikamu zvapamutemo zvinobatanidzwa kubatanidza zvirongwa zvapamutemo zvinobatanidzwa, nhamburiko dzokuwana, uye kutumira mashoko kwakabatana kudare nedare.
Mibatanidzwa yemaruwa akawanda inobatsira zvinhu zvakawanda. Inobatanidza mari nemitemo, ichibvumira nyika dzine mari shomanana kuti dziitewo chimwe chinhu mukurwisana kwakaoma. Inogadzirawo chifukidzo chezvamatongerwe enyika chemunhu mumwe nomumwe Attorney angashorwa nemamiriro okunze. Uyezve, zviito zvehurumende zvakawanda zvinobatanidza kumatare zvakasimba pamusoro pezvakaoma uye zvakapararira zvenhau dzepamutemo dziri padanda.
Amicus Anotsigira Nenguva pfupi uye Kubatana Kwepamutemo
Attorney General Bonta akatsigira nyika nezvinoshandira zvakaisa zvichemo zvavo vamene kuti zvichengete makambani makuru anogadzira mafuta anonyorwa achizvidavirira, achiisa mipfupiso inotsigira nhamburiko dzinoitwa neGuta reHonolulu, County of Maui, Guta reBaltimore, Hurumende yeRhode Island, uye State of Minnesota. Iyi mipfumo yeAmicu inogovera zvibvumikiso zvapamutemo uye inotsigira izvo zvinosimbisa dzimwe nhau dzedzimwe nharaunda apo zvinovaka nzanga yebetsero yebatiranose pakati pezviwirirano zvemagaro.
Nzira pfupi inobatira zvinangwa zvakawanda. Kumatare kunoratidza kuti rondedzero dzemitemo dziri kufambira mberi dzinotsigirwa zvikuru pakati penyanzvi dzemitemo navakuru vakuru vehurumende. Inobetserawo kutanga nokunatsa nharo dzapamutemo mumhaka dzakawanda, sezvo matare mumativi akasiyana anorangarira nhau dzakafanana. Pakupedzisira, dzinoparira pfungwa yesimba nokusazvidzora pamusoro pokuzvidavirira kwemamiriro okunze.
Kutanga Kushanda Munharaunda Yegreenhouse uye Kushandira Pamwe Kwehurumende
Kupfuura kupfuudzira, State Attorney General akatsigira nhano dzemamiriro okunze enharaunda kupfurikidza nechiito chapamutemo. Kudzokera Virginia kuRegional Greenhouse Gas Initive yave iri nzvimbo yokutanga nokuda kwaGavhuna Abigail Spanberger naAttorney General Jay Jones, vose vari vaviri vakapinda hofisi muna January 2026, nomutemo webhajeti wemari uchangobva kuiswa unoda kuiswazve papurogiramu. Uyu muenzaniso unoratidza kuti Attarney General anogona sei kushandisa chiremera chavo chapamutemo kutsigira zvinangwa zvemamiriro okunze enzvimbo kupfurikidza nokudzosaidzosera nokudzosera.
Kuwedzera Kukura: Kutevedzana Kutsva Kwemitemo uye Kutaurwa NevaNever
Sezvo mamiriro okunze akavapo, State Attorney General nevamwe vaongorori vemitemo vakatanga kuongorora dzidziso itsva dzepamutemo dzinopfuura zvinonzi zvinodzivirira zvakatipoteredza nezvakatengwa.
Rufu Rwakaipa Nokukuvara Kwomunhu Oga Zvinotaura
Kukura kwekukwidziridzwa kwemamiriro okunze kwakakura muna 2025, mumwe mukadzi weOregon achipomera fekitari yemafuta negasi zvokuparira kufa kwaamai vake mukati mefungu rokupisa, uye varidzi vedzimba veWashington vanoisa matare akatanhamara pamusoro peoiri makuru vachiramba kuti chinjo yomugariro wokunze yakaparira ngwavaira dzomusikirwo kazhinji kazhinji zvikuru uye yakakomba, ichitungamirira mitero yeinishuwarenzi kukwira. Uku kukuvara kwomunhu oga norufu rwakaipa kunomirira wedzero huru yemamiriro okunze anopfuura vapurisa.
Mitemo inodudza makambani eoiri kubatanidza ExxonMobil, BP neChevron, vachitaura kuti vakaziva kwamakumi amakore kuti mafuta anotsva anopiswa anochinja mhepo yakapoteredza pasi, kuchiguma nemamiriro okunze akanyanyisa zvikuru uye kurasikirwa kusingadeyi kuonwa kwoupenyu hwavanhu, asi panzvimbo pokunyevera vanhu, makambani akanyengedza vatengi pamusoro penjodzi. Iyi njodzi inoedza kutanga batano dzakananga pakati pemibato yebhizimisi nekuvadziko dzomunhu oga, ichigona kuzarura mitoo mitsva yokuzvidavirira yemhoteredzo.
Mitemo Yakanyanya Kunaka Yemamiriro Okunze
"Mabhiri makurusa anogadzirwa kuti abhadhare mari yokutsiva vagadziri vemagetsi kuti vawanire zvirongwa zvemamiriro okunze, zvinoitwa kusvikira zvino muVermont neNew York. Nhanho idzi dzemitemo, dzinotsigirwa neState Attorney General, dzinoita miitiro mitsva yokuita kuti makambani epeturu inochengetedzwa nemari azvidanho zvemari nokuda kwekuvadziko yemamiriro okunze.
Muna February 2025, magweta 22 eRepublica akakwidza mhaka New York mumutemo wayo wehurumende uchangobva kugadzwa uyo unoda kuti makambani ezvicherwa zvemafuta abhadhare nokuda kwekuvadziko dzinoparira mamiriro okunze dzinoparirwa namadutu, kupisa kwezuva, uye mafashamo emhenderekedzo yegungwa, achisimbisa kuti mutemo wacho hausi wezvematongerwo nemhaka yokuti mutemo wehurumende unobvisa mutemo upi noupi wehurumende uyo unopedza kuvadziko yegasi rinopisa. Iyi denho yapamutemo inosimbisa mugariro wokugadzika kwemamiriro okunze unonyandura zvikuru uye mapoka echine dzimwe nguva anoratidzira mamiriro okunze enzvimbo.
Kana matare akabvumirana mitemo yehurumende akarambidzwa nomutemo wehurumende, kupomera mhaka kwaDoJ kwaigona kutungamirira ku "chou mubatanidzwa wenyika yose pamichina yemamiriro okunze ehurumende uye 'cliate Supergrad' zvirongwa zvokunaya," nepo kana dare reNew York neVermont rikakurira, "vagadziri vesimba regamuchidzanwa vangagona kutarisana nokuratidzirwa kusingachinjiki kubvumidzwa nehurumende," nemugumisiro upi noupi ungava unokuvadza ngozi negadziriro inogura mutengo wesimba. Chisarudzo cheiyi mhaka chichava netapuro huru nokuda kwomusiano womunguva yemberi wemamiriro okunze akakwirira ehurumende.
Kurwisana Nougandanga Nematsotsi Zvinotaurwa
Nhevedzo dzemisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi dzakataura muSherman Act neClayton Act uye pasi pemitemo inorwisana nokuvimbika yehurumende, dzichitsvaka kuvadziko dzokutsiva nedzokubvisa, nyaradzo yokuda, zvirango zvavagari vemo, kubviswa kwemhindu, uye mitero yegweta nendyiko. Idzi rondedzero dzinopesana nevimbiso dzinozivisa kuti makambani anogadzira mafuta epeturu akarangana kunyengera vanhu pamusoro pechinjo yemamiriro okunze, sezvingabvira achiputsa mitemo yamakwikwidzano mugadziriro yacho.
Kusvika kwokusavimba kunomirira kukura kwerondedzero yemamiriro okunze. Kupfurikidza nokuisa unyengeri hwemamiriro okunze serangano pakati pavakwikwidzani, vatsotsi vanogona kuwana zvinokuvadza zvinowedzerwa nemishonga inowanika mumirau inopesana. Iyi rondedzero inosimbisawo mamiriro ezvinhu akarongeka okunyengera kunofungidzirwa, ichikarakadza kuti makambani mamwe namamwe akaita munzanga dzezvokutengeserana namamwe mapoka eindasi.
Hondo dzeJuriscional: Federal v. Dare reHurumende
Imwe yehondo dzinoramba dzichirwiwa mumamiriro okunze dzinobatanidza mubvunzo wokuti nyaya dzinofanira kupfuurira mudare rehurumende kana kuti rehurumende. iyi nhau ine chokuita zvikuru nokubudirira kwemhosva dzemamiriro okunze.
Kurwa Kwokuchengeta Mhaka Mudare reHurumende
Benji rakakwirira zvikurusa renyika richakurumidza kuzivisa kana kuchatora nhamburiko yazvino uno yeindasitiri yepeturu yokusaisa mhaka dzemari dzinotsvaka kuita kuti makambani azvidavirire nemari nokuda kwendyiko dzechinjo yemamiriro okunze, Exxon Mophil neSuncor Energy achikumbira ruramisiro kuti awane kuti hurumende dzehurumende dzehurumende dzinodzivisa kutsvaka nyaradzo nokuda kwechinjo yemamiriro okunze. Iyi Dare rapamusorosoro rinomirira kuzvidavirira kwakakomba nokuda kwemamiriro okunze.
Magweta eindasitiri yeoiri akapikisa kuti kune rwisano "yakajeka uye inobvumwa" pamusoro pokuti mutemo wehurumende unodzivisa hurumende dzomunzvimbomo kukwidza vagadziri vepeturu dzezvicherwa nokuda kwetapuro dzinofungidzirwa dzegasi rinopisa renyika yose, nepo Boulder, iyo yakakwidza makambani eoiri, akataura kuti hurumende nguva dzose yave ine chiremera kumapurisa mukukuvara kwenyika, ichinongedzera kumhosva dzakafanana dzinorwisana navagadziri veopioids neasberos. Iyi kurukurirano inonangidzira pamibvunzo mikuru yehurumende nouchangamire hwehurumende.
Chikumbiro chacho chakadenha chisarudzo cheColorado Supreme Court muGuta reBoulder neBoulder County chakabatanidza mubatanidzwa mukuru weU.S. weSangano reRuramisiro, magweta ehurumende 26, nhengo dzinopfuura 100 dzeCongress, uye nyanzvi dzedzidzo, chinoratidzira kuti kunetseka kwenhau ndekwerudzi. Ukuru hweiyi dare kunosimbisa mativi makuru anobatanidzwa mumubvunzo wehurumende.
Betsero Dzakarongeka dzeDare reHurumende
State Attorney General uye dzimwe matare emamiriro okunze kazhinji kazhinji anoda dare rehurumende nokuda kwezvikonzero zvinoverengeka zvemubatanidzwa. matare ehurumende anobvumira vatengi kuronda mudziviriro yehurumende, inotambudza, uye zvigadzirwa izvo zvingasawanika mudare rehurumende. matare ehurumende anganzwirawo tsitsi zvikuru kutaura kwemamiriro okunze, zvikurukuru munyika idzo dzakawana tapuro dzakakomba. Mukuwedzera, vatongi vedare rehurumende vangava vakarovedzana zvikuru nezvinotaurwa nomutemo uye vanodisa kubvisa mhaka pazvikonzero zvomubatanidzwa.
Indasitiri yemafuta inogadzirwa nezvicherwa, nenzira inopesana, inoda dare rehurumende, uko ivo vanodavira kuti vane bviro dziri nani dzokudzingwa pazvikonzero zvokuti chinjo yemamiriro okunze inhau yezvamatongerwe enyika inoda mhinduro dzehurumende panzvimbo pemishonga yedare rehurumende. matare eFederal munhau ave anogamuchira zvikuru nharo pamusoro pokusunungurwa kwomubatanidzwa uye kudikanwa kwomuitiro wamarudzi mumwe panhau nerezvokubatanidzwa.
Kubudirira Kwemashoko Achangobva Kuitwa
Rimwe zuva pashure pokunge Michigan Attorney Mukuru mukuru apomera mhaka kuti vakwirirwi vesimba vakapinda mugadziriro yokunonotsa chinjo yokuenda kumotokari dzakaderera nesimba, dare reruwa renyika yeWestern District yeMichigan rakaramba dare reUnited States richitsvaka kudzivisa Hurumende yeMichigan kuisa mutongo kumatare anotsvaka chirango kumakambani epeturusi. Uku kubvisa matare epepulsa anomirira rukundo rukuru nokuda kwokuvanza kwenzvimbo yehurumende uye rinokarakadza kuti matare ehurumende angava anozengurira zvikuru kudzongonyedza kudzorwa nezviito zvokuchengetedza.
Muna January 2025, Dare Rapamusoro rakaramba nhamburiko yakaitwa namakambani eoiri negasi yokudzivisa mamiriro okunze akatongwa naHonolulu, uye muna March vatongi vakaramba chikumbiro chakaitwa nagweta guru reRepublica kuti vaedze kumisa kukwirira mhaka kwemamiriro okunze kwakaitwa nehurumende kubatanidza California, Connecticut, Minnesota neRhode Island. Izvi zvisarudzo zveDare Rapamusoro, nepo zvichidzorwa muchisiko, zvakabvumira dare rehurumende kupfuurira uye zvakarangarirwa sezvinoitika zvakanaka nokuda kwezvomugariro wokunze.
Zvinetso Zvinotarisana Nemaatomu Makurukota Ehurumende Mumamiriro Okunze
Pasinei zvapo nebudiriro dzavo nesimba rinokura, State Attorney General anotarisana nedenho dzinokosha mukuronda mamiriro okunze.
Chishoro Chezvamatongerwe Enyika Nemapoka Akaparadzana
Kuvhengana kwemamiriro okunze kwazova kunopesana zvikuru, neRepublican ne Democratic Attroys General kazhinji kazhinji vakatora nzvimbo dzinopesana. Magweta makuru eRepublica ari kukwidziridza zvinangwa zvavo, namagweta 22 eRepublica anokwidza pamutemo wawo wehurumende wemisi ichangobva kugadzwa anoda makambani epeturu epeturu kuti abhadhare nokuda kwezvishayisero zvine chokuita nemamiriro okunze. Uku kukamuranisa kuoma kwenhamburiko kuvaka mativi makuru uye kunogona kutungamirira kukupesana kwemitengo inopedza mitengo inodzo inodzorwa nokunonoka.
Nzvero yakawedzerwa yegadziriro yaBloomberg Special Friend kuAttorney General yabuda, Wisconsin Dare reHurumende richitanga nzvero muBato reSagati, uye House Oversing and Reform Comman Comer achizivisa kunzvera kwapamutemo muState Energy & Environment Impact Center pa NU School of Law. Kunzvera uku kunovavarira kusekesa kushatsa kunzvera mamiriro okunze kupfurikidza nokubvunza manyuko emari nevavariro dzehurumende dzinoshanda panhau idzi.
Zvipingamupinyi Zvepamutemo Nezvemazano
Kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze kunotarisana nedenho dzakawanda dzemitemo kupfuura kurwisana kwehurumende. Matare akawana kuti kukuvara kwemagariro okunze kunofungidzirwa hakugutsi zvinodikanwa zvakatsikirira nokuda kwokunatsa nokugadziriswa. Kugadza batano pakati pezviito zvakati zvebhizimisi nekuvadziko yemamiriro okunze inoramba iri denho inokosha.
Dare rakagumisa kuti kurwisana neSLAP (Mitemo Yokudzivisa Kutora Rutivi Rworuzhinji) mitemo haishandi kuzviito zvokusimbisa zvakaunzwa naAttorney General. Nepo ikoku kuchimirira rukundo nokuda kwezviito zvokuchengetwa kwehurumende, vakwirirwi vanopfuurira kusimudzira dziviriro dzemiitiro yemiitiro inogona kunonotsa mhaka ndokuwedzera ndyiko.
Nokuda kwenhau dzomugariro wokunze, 2025 dzakaratidzira rimwe gore rakazadzwa nokurasikirwa kwapamutemo nokutsoropodza kwakapararira, nechinyorwa chedare chinoratidza nhimbe yezvomugariro wokunze chiri kurasikirwa nenzvimbo. Nepo uku kuzivikanwa kuchibva mumanyuko amabasa okugadzira zvinhu, kunoratidzira uchokwadi hwokuti mamiriro okunze anotarisana nemhepo akananga zvikuru mumativi akawanda uye kuti budiriro haitongovimbiswi.
Ndyiko Dzezvipingamupinyi Nedzenhema
Kukwira kwemamiriro okunze kunodhura zvikuru uye kunopinza mari. Mahofisi makuru ehurumende anofanira kudzikamisa zviitiko zvemamiriro okunze zvinorwisana nezvimwe zvinonyanyokosha zvevatengi, kubatanidza dziviriro dzinobatanidza dziviriro dzevatengi, kurwisana novezvematongerwe enyika, kukwirira kwamatsotsi, uye kudzivirira masangano ehurumende mukupeta. Makambani epeturu, nepfuma yawo huru yemari, anogona kubhadhara mapoka makuru egweta navanachiremba nenyanzvi kuti adzivirire mamiriro okunze, anobvira mahofisi maduku enyika AG.
Kuda kupedza ganhuriro dzinopa mari, imwe State Attorney General yakabatira pamwe namafemu ehurumende pahwaro hwemari yapamutemo kana kuti kugamuchira betsero kubva kumasangano asingapinzi mhindu nenzvimbo dzedzidzo. Zvisinei, idzi gadziriro dzimene dzakava zvipfuro zvokutsoropodzwa nokunzvera, sezvadudzwa pamusoro apa, kuchiparira zvimwe zvinetso zvemamiriro okunze.
Kuoma Kunzwisisa Kunoita Kubatsira uye Kukuvadza
Chimwe chezvinetso zvinokosha zvikuru mumamiriro okunze chinobatanidza kuverenga zvakakuvadzwa uye kuisa kuvadziko chaiyo kuvakwidziridzi. Kufungidzira kunokarakadza kuvadziko dziri mumhatsa yemakumi amabhiriyoni kusvikira kumazana amadhora mukuvadziko kunopfuurira, kuchida nyanzvi namasayendisiti kutarira pakugoverwa kwekuvadziko yakasiana - siana kuvakwirirwi vakasiana - siana uye kurangarira kuti zvisakafanira, izvo zvichatora nguva uye zvichada ufakazi hwakawanda uye mashoko kupfurikidza nenzira yokupomera mhaka. Uku kuoma kwendangariro kunoparira mikana nokuda kwevadhereri kuti vapi vapi vapiwe mhaka vapi navasayendisiti vapi vapikire zvikanganiso zvokudaviridzira pamutemo uye kupikisa kuti kuvadziko dzinonyanyotendwa kana kuti dzisingaviswi kuti dzinotsigira mhaka dzapamutemo.
Basa Roufakazi Hwesayenzi Nouchapupu Hunoshamisa
Ufakazi hwesayenzi hunoumba hwaro hwokujeka kwemamiriro okunze, uye State Attorney General anofanira kuronga unyanzvi hwesayenzi hwakaoma kunzwisisa kuti hutsigire kutaura kwavo.
Kugovera Sayenzi Nokuenzanisira Kwemamiriro Okunze
Sayenzi inopa mubatanidzwa wekuchinja kwemamiriro okunze chaiko kana kuti kutapurwa kwemamiriro okunze kunoparira kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze avanhu,(--8) yafambira mberi zvikuru mumakore achangobva kupfuura aya. Nzvero inokurumidza kubudiswa mazuva 2021 kubva paNwest Northwest utwu yakawana kuti chiitiko chacho chaizova chisingabviri kuti mamiriro okunze aikonzerwa nevanhu. Kuongorora uku kunopa uchapupu hunokosha hunobatanidza kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze kukuvadziko dzakaitika munyika dzakatambura.
Kuratidza kunze kunoitawo basa guru mukuita kuti mamiriro okunze ashande. Masayendisiti eExxon akanga achiratidzira kuwedzera kwekubudiswa kwecarbon dioxide pasina kuderedzwa kukuru kwemafuta anocherwa muzvinocherwa. Mapepa ekambani yepasi anoratidza kuti masayendisiti epeturu anofungidzira kuti mamiriro okunze enguva ino anopa uchapupu hwakasimba hwezivo yemakambani uye kufanofanoonekwa.
Zivo Yenhau
Makambani anoongorora mafuta negasi akaziva kwemakumi emakore nezvengozi dzezvinogadzirwa nezvinogadzirwa, nemishumo yakadzokororwa neindasitiri inobatanidza zvakananga kushandiswa kwemafuta ezvicherwa zvemafuta kuti awedzere kupisa uye kukuvadza kwepasi pose nemhepo, nyika, uye mvura, asi makambani eoiri akarambidza nemaune mashoko aya kubva kuvagadziri vemasangano evanhu kuti vadzivirire mhindu yavo, kupedza mabhirioni emadhora kuti vaparadzire kuchinjwa kwemamiriro okunze. Iyi zivo yenhau inoumba hwaro hwokunyengera uye inosiyanisa mamiriro okunze enzvimbo nezvinongoitikawo zvawo.
Makambani akaziva makore 50, 60, 70 apfuura kuti mafuta awo ezvinocherwa aakanga achitengesa aiita chinjo yomugariro wokunze, achideya kutaura nouchokwadi hunotyisa apo taizova nhasi, nezvinoitika zvomugariro wokunze zvakaipisisa. nhau refu yezivo yebhizimisi inosekesa nharo dzeindasitiri dzokuti miuyo yemamiriro okunze yakanga isingadeyi kuonwa kana kuti kuti makambani akaita mukutenda kwakanaka kwakavakirwa pakunzwisisa kwesayenzi yenguva yavo.
Fundo Dzakatapura Zvemari
A Center for Climate Perhidence yakawana kuti Los Angeles County yoga inotarisana nemabhiriyoni US $2,5 (Z $44,5 000 000) mumutengo panosvika 2041 kuti idzivirire vagari vemo uye zvinhu zvinokosha kubva pakuchinja kwemamiriro okunze 14, kusanganisira mari inenge mabhiriyoni US $4 000 (Z $5 000 000) nokuda kwemoto unopisa.
Nyanzvi dzezvemari dzinofanirawo kupindura mibvunzo yakaoma pamusoro pemwero wakafanira wereshividzo nokuda kwekuvadziko yomunguva yemberi, kugoverwa kwomutoro pakati pavakwiri vazhinji, uye kuparadzana kwekuvadziko dzine chokuita nemamiriro okunze nezvimwe zvinhu zvinoparira kuvadziko yemhoteredzo nedzemari. Iyi mibvunzo younyanzvi yezvemari inogona kutapura zvikuru kuvadziko yokupedzisira inopiwa muzvinoitika zvinobudirira.
Kudavidza Kwemaindasitiri Nezvokunyepedzera
Makambani anogadzira mafuta akagadzira nzira dzemhando yokudzivirira nayo mamiriro okunze uye dzokuchinja - chinja nyaya yenyaya yokuchinja kwemamiriro okunze.
Kupandukira Kunopikisa
Muna January 2025, Exxon Monil sued California Attorney General Rob Bonta mudare rehurumende, achibvumira Bonta namapoka emhoteredzo vakapinda munhimbe ye "diberated studition" pakambani, nesutu yokuzvidza mumhinduro kudare raBonta raBhonta rairwisana naExxon Mozilil nokuda kwokutaura kwenhema pamusoro pokugadzirwazve kwepurasitiki. Aya anopesana anoedza kutyisidzira State Attorney General ndokugadzira mimwe mitoro ingagona kuomesa mamiriro okunze enguva yemberi.
Nzira yokuzvidza nayo inomirira kuita kwoutsinye kurondedzero yemamiriro okunze inoedza kubvisa kuzvidavirira kwemakambani kurusununguko rwokutaura uye kudzivirirwa mukurumbira. Nokuisa zvinhu zvinobudisa mafuta muvhu, makambani anomanikidza State Attorney kuti adzivirire mufambiro wavo uye mashoko avo, zvichigona kutsausa pfuma kubva panhau dzemamiriro okunze.
Ukama Hwavose Nemirayiridzo
Vamiririri vemaindasitiri vakaratidzira mamiriro okunze se "nhimbe inopfuurira, yakarongwa yokubhadhara matare asina kufanira, anorwisana neindasitiri yefashoni yefashoni yeAmerica navashandi vayo" uye "tsvina huru yezviwanikwa zvemitero zveCalifornia. Iyi donzo rokuchinja murangariro wavose panzvimbo yezvomugariro wemari kupfurikidza nokusimbisa itiro hanya dzemari nokuratidzira nhau sedenho dzinosundwa nezvamatongerwe enyika panzvimbo dzebhizimisi dzeAmerica.
Vamiriri vemashell vakataura kuti kambani inobvumira chinjo yomugariro wokunze inoda kukurukurwa, asi kunofanira kuitwa nenzira yokubatira pamwe kwete nechiito chapamutemo, vachiti "Hatidaviri kuti dare redare inzvimbo yakarurama kugadzirisa chinjo yemamiriro okunze, asi kuti muitiro wokuchenjera unobva kuhurumende nechiito unobva kumativi ose inzira yakafanira yokusvika nayo zvigadzikiso nokusunda fambiro mberi. Iyi nhamburiko dzokuita kuti indasi ive ine mufungo neyamupinduro apo inoita kuti kugadziridza kushatsa sechinoparira njodzi.
Mazano Okuzvidzivirira Nawo
Kupfuura zvinodzivirira zviduku, maindasitiri epeturu dzezvicherwa zvemafuta anoshandisa nzira dzakawanda dzokunonoka nokuomesa mamiriro okunze. Izvi zvinosanganisira nhanho dzokudzinga dzakavakirwa pahurumende, zvinetso zvehurumende, nharo pamusoro pedzidziso yezvamatongerwe enyika, uye nhamburiko dzokubvisa mhaka kudare rehurumende. Imwe neimwe yeidzi hondo dzezvipfuro inogona kutora makore kuti ipedze ndokushandisa zvinhu zvinokosha.
Varevereri vakataura kuti kuramba kuchipfuurira kunoruramiswa nemhaka yezviito zvinotarisirwa nenhau dzine chokuita, vachitaura kuti chisarudzo chemiitiro yakati chinogona kurasa mhaka uye kuti matare anofanira kumirira kusvikira kukwikwidza mhaka kwomubatanidzwa kwapedzwa.Idzi nzira dzokunonoka dzinovavarira kusundira mberi kutongwa nokuwanwa kwenguva refu sezvinobvira, vachikarira kuti chinjo dzezvamatongerwe enyika kana kuti dzapamutemo pakupedzisira dzingatsigira vapomerwi.
Kupindana Kwokufema uye Ruramisiro Yemhoteredzo
Kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze kunowedzera kunosanganisira kunetseka nemamiriro okunze, tichiziva kuti mamiriro okunze anokanganisa zvikuru vanhu vasingawani mari yakawanda uye vanhu vane ruvara rwakasiyana - siyana.
Migumisiro Yokuvhiringidzika Panzanga Dzinodzvinyirirwa
California AG yakapindira ndokubetsera kupedza kumira kwakakomba chirongwa cheindasitiri chaikarirwa kuwedzera motokari dzemarori edhiziri munharaunda inogara vanhu vakawanda yeLatino.iyi tsinhirano inoratidzira kuti State Attorney General anogona sei kushandisa chiremera chavo kupedza ruramisiro yemhoteredzo inorwisana nenhau dzemamiriro okunze.
Washington akarega nokuzvidira kubviswa kwayo kwemari inodenha yokutsigira mari iyo Hurumende yakati yakanga ichi “riri kuparira kubetsera nzanga dzinoratidzirwa nenzira isingaenzaniswi kukuva dzinosimba zvikuru kutapura kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze. ” Ichi chiitiko chinosimbisa ukoshi hwokutsigira kusimba kwenzvimbo dzokunze nokuda kwenzanga dzine njodzi uye basa reState Atttorney General mukurwisa kuchengetedza mapurogiramu akadaro.
Marudzi Nekodzero Dzevagari Vomunyika
Marudzi maviri muWashington akakwidza matare muruwa mukupera kwa2023, achidudza ndyiko dzokutamira kunzvimbo dzakakwirira sezvo mwero yegungwa inowedzera inotyisidzira nzanga dzawo, navatsigiri vemhoteredzo vachitaura kupinda kwamarudzi() mazhinji awo ari kutarisana nemiuyo yakaipisisa yechinjo yomugariro wokunze (jecha) ndiko kutanga kunofadza mukurwa kwapamutemo. Kutora rutivi mumugariro wokunze kunounza rondedzero dzapamutemo dzakasiana - siana dzakavakirwa pamaruramiro ebvumirano uye mitoro, pamwe chete nenhau dzinogombedzera pamusoro pezvityisidziro pamusoro pezviono zvine chokuita nemigariro inotarisana nemigariro inotarisana nemigariro inoitika nemigariro yemamiriro okunze.
Washington State yakapindira uye nyika dzakawanda dzakapa Amicus Briefs mudare rakasungirwa nerudzi rwemaIndia okuAmerica nekambani yokuCanada yokunyungudutsa Rwizi rweColumbia neLake Roosevelt.
Kuchinja Kwemamiriro Okunze Evaduku
Dare Roruwa reMontana rakapa vatongi vepwere avo vaikurira chinjo yomugariro wokunze yakavakirwa paMontana Bumbiro reMitemo rinotaura mukurwisana neHurumende yeMontana inopfuura mamirioni 2,8 mumitero yegweta uye inenge $10,000 mundyiko dzokuwedzera. Nhau dzomugariro wokunze woupwere, nepo dzichiwanzounzwa namaputeria ehurumende panzvimbo peState Attorney General, dzakapesvedzera mamiriro okunze akareba kupfurikidza nokugadza maruramiro emitemo kumugariro wakagadzikana mune dzimwe nyika.
Iyi nhau dzepwere kazhinji kazhinji dzinoumba chinjo yomugariro wokunze senhau yeruramisiro yamarudzi ose, dzichitaura kuti miitiro yazvino nemiitiro yebhizimisi zvinoisa mitoro isingashandi kuzvizvarwa zviri mberi. Nepo State Attorney General ave asiri kazhinji kazhinji majekiseni anotungamirira mumigariro yendangariro yepwere, pane dzimwe nguva akatsigira mipfupi kana kuti akapindira kudzivirira mitemo yemamiriro okunze akadenhwa mukutaura kwakadaro kwehurumende.
Kutarira Mberi: Nguva Yemberi Yomugariro Wokunze Wakarongerwa neHurumende
Sezvo kuvheneka kwemamiriro okunze kunopfuurira kuchinja, miitiro nemiitiro inoverengeka sezvingabvira zvinoumba nhambo yayo yomunguva yemberi.
Kubvira Kuti Dare Rapamusoro Zvikuru Ringapindira
Ichitarira mberi ku2026, uko kucharatidzira gore rechigumi nerimwe munhimbe yakakweverwa, Dare Rapamusorosoro reU.S. rine banza rinokosha rokugumisa nhimbe yokupa mhaka. Chisarudzo cheDare Rapamusoro pamubvunzo woudzori kana kuti dzimwe nhau dzinokosha chingagona kuvandudza nenzira inoshamisa nzvimbo yemamiriro okunze, kupfurikidza nokubvumira mhaka dzedare rehurumende kupfuurira kana kuti kupfurikidza nokugadza kusunungurwa kwehurumende uko kungagumisa nenzira inobudirira zvikurusa yazvino uno.
Dare rakaramba nhamburiko dzakafanana kaviri muna 2025 asi makambani esimba akawina nokupa simba zvishoma mukukwirira muna 2021, nokutsigira kukumbira kwesangano reTrump kunoitwa namakambani eoiri, kuchiwedzera mukana waro wokunzwiwa nedare. Chisarudzo chapakupedzisira pamusoro pokuti inzwei mhaka idzi uye kuti mitemo yadzo ichava sei netapuro huru nokuda kwouchangamire hwenyika, hurumende yemhoteredzo, uye kuzvidavirira kwenzvimbo.
Kukura Kuvadziviriri Vatsva Nedzidziso
Sezvo mamiriro okunze egamuchidzanwa anopfuurira kuderera, vashingairi vakaedza kuwedzera denho yavo pamakambani esimba kupfurikidza nokuedza rondedzero itsva dzapamutemo, nepurasitiki dzakasundwa naMutungamiriri weAttiorney Rob Bonta uye akabatanidza NGOs achibudisazve nharo dzemitemo dzemamiriro okunze nokuda kwechipfuro chitsva. Uku kukura kunokarakadza kuti mugariro wokunze uchapfuurira kushanduka - chinja ndokuchinjira, sezvingabvira kuronga maindasitiri matsva uye kushandisa rondedzero itsva dzapamutemo semitemo pamatare panhau dziripo.
Pashure pamakore okukwirira kwapamutemo nokunonoka, mamwe makambani eoiri anogadzwa kumira mukutonga mumatare anounzwa nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo pamusoro pekuvadziko dzinoparirwa nokuchinja kwemamiriro okunze, nehurumende dzakawanda dzichiunza kutaura kutsva mukurwisana neindasitiri yezvicherwa zvemafuta, nezvinoitika kuzvinoitika zvakawanda munzvimbo dzakawanda dzinoshandisa rondedzero dzapamutemo dzakawanda kuti makambani azvidavirire. Uku kufambira mberi kunokarakadza kuti mugariro wokunze ucharamba uri rutivi runokosha rwenzvimbo yapamutemo kwamakore anouya.
Basa Romutemo Womugariro Wokunze
Trump akavamba kubvisa miitiro yesimba inomutsidzirwa namafuta negadziriro dzokufambisa nokukurumidza negasi, namagweta makuru ehurumende achikarirwa kuita basa rinokosha mukudzivirira vagari vemo mukuvadziko yeshatisi nechinjo yemamiriro okunze. Ukama pakati pomuitiro wehurumende nehurumende zvichapfuurira kushanduka hwakavakirwa paidzo mamiriro ezvinhu ehurumende yehurumende uye imitemo inorondwa pamwero wehurumende.
Sezvo vatarisiri veTrump vachidzosazve zvinhu zvinokosha zvehurumende, kuisa mutemo wehurumende kwevatengi uye "bhulue joga" gweta guru kungawedzera kusimudzira perero mukunangana neshanje dzehurumende kukuvadziko yemamiriro okunze. Iwaya anokarakadza kuti mamiriro okunze apakati nenzvimbo angabatira sedzikamo kumitemo yomubatanidzwa, State Attorney General achizadza mikaha miganhu yaisirwa yemari yaisiiwa nomutengi kana kuti miganhu.
Misiyano Yamarudzi Ose
Kunyange zvazvo nyaya ino ichinyanya kutaura nezveAttorney General yeHurumende yeUnited States, mamiriro okunze inhau yenyika yose.Matare mune dzimwe nyika akabudisa zvisarudzo zvepachivande zvinoda kuti hurumende nemasangano zviite chiito chakasimba chemamiriro okunze.
State Attorney General angatarira nenzira inowedzera kumugariro wapasi pose nokuda kwekufuridzirwa netsigiro.
Zvinetso Zvinoshanda Zvemabhizimisi Nevagadziri Vemitemo
Kuwedzera kwemamiriro okunze kunotungamirirwa neHurumende Attorney General kune zvakunoita chaizvo kumabhizimisi, vagadziri vemitemo, uye kune vamwe vanopinda mungozi.
Kutadza Kuchengetedza Kuoma Kwemamiriro Okunze Nokutarisira Ngozi
Makambani ari mumativi ose anofanira zvino kurangarira ngozi yemamiriro okunze sorutivi rwokutarisira njodzi dzawo dzebhizimisi. Ikoku kunobatanidza kuyera kuratidzirwa kunobvira kumashoko akavakirwa pakutaura kwenhau pamusoro pechinjo yemamiriro okunze, miitiro yokushambadzira yazvino uno, uye tapuro dzemhoteredzo dzezvigadzirwa zvavo nemabasa. Masangano anofanira kuva nechokwadi chokuti kuziviswa kwawo kwemamiriro okunze kwakarurama, kunosimbiswa, uye kunotsinhirana mukurukurirano dzose.
Nhau dzinomirira chinjo mufariro kuperero yegadziriro dzecarbon idzo makambani anotsamira padziyo uye mwero wekambani dzezivo dzinokarirwa kuva nadzo pamusoro pezvirongwa izvozvo, makambani achishuva kuderedza kuratidzirwa kwokungwarira kunodikanwa kumabasa okushingaira ayo anopa chikwereti checarbon kana kuti ganhuriro dzaanotenga kuti atsigire kutaura kwemhoteredzo. Uku kunzvera kukuru kwekutaura kwemhoteredzo kunoreva kuti makambani anofanira kugadzirira kutsigira kutengeswa kupi nokupi nepi kwemhoteredzo noufakazi hwakasimba.
Kunetsa Kwemaindasitiri Einishuwarenzi
Inishuwarenzi yedariro yeiripiti inopomera mhaka mutengo weinishuwarenzi unokwira pamakambani esimba eUnited States, nefemu yemutemo ichitungamirira nhamburiko yave yatorasikirwa mumhedziso yemamiriro okunze akatangira uye ichitarisana nenzvero yayo yapamutemo. Inishuwarenzi inotarisana nedenho dzakasiana nemhesano yemamiriro okunze, vose vari vaviri savakwiridziridziri vanobvira muzvinoitika kuti chinjo yomugariro wokunze yakawedzera ndyiko dzeinishuwarenzi uye savabudisi dzezvicherwa zvepeci yepenicsss dzinotarisana nekuva dzemamiriro okunze.
Makambani einishuwarenzi anofanira kusanoyera kuva kwawo anowirirana nemamiriro okunze ndokurangarira kana miitiro yawo ichifukidza ndyiko dzezvokudzivirira mamiriro okunze nechisarudzo chinobvira. Chisarudzo chemhesano muzvinoitika zvomugariro wokunze chichava netapuro huru nokuda kwokusvika kweindasitiri kungozi yemamiriro okunze.
Kuronga Hurumende neHurumende Yomunzvimbomo
Kuhurumende nedzinoshandira, mamiriro okunze anomirira zvose zviri zviviri mukana nedenho. Kubudirira kungagona kugovera mari inodikanwa nokuda kwokuchinja mamiriro okunze nenhamburiko dzokuzvidzora. Zvisinei, kurongeka kunodhura, kunopa nguva, uye kusava nechokwadi. Hurumende dzinofanira kuyera nokungwarira betsero dzinobvira pakurasikirwa nenjodzi dzekuronda mamiriro okunze.
Hurumende dzinofanirawo kufunga kuti kuwiriraniswa kwemamiriro okunze kunofanira kuita kuti pave nokufambirana, kwete kutsiva, mitemo yemamiriro okunze, kuronga, uye kuronga. Nzira inobudirira zvikuru inosanganisira kuronga zvinhu, kudzikamisa, uye kuronga.
Kutora Nzvimbo Nokufunga Kwakanaka
State Attorney General akabuda savatambi vakuru munhamburiko dzenhau, achishandisa chiremera chavo chapamutemo chakasiana kuronda nhau idzo dzingagona kudzosa mufambiro wekambani ndokugovera mari nokuda kwokuchinja kwemamiriro okunze. Mazano avo anobatanidza kutaura kwedziviriro dzavatengi, rondedzero dzinosembura ruzhinji, zviito zvemitoro, uye denho kumiitiro yehurumende. Mibatanidzwa mizhinji yenyika yakakudziridza simba rayo nezviwanikwa.
Zviitiko zvikuru, zvikurukuru kupomera mhaka kweCalifornia mumakambani makuru eoiri, zvakatanga zviteshi zvinokosha uye zvakaratidzira kuvadziko yejekeso yenzvimbo yehurumende. Izvi zvinoitika makumi amakore okunyengera kwemasangano pamusoro pesayenzi yemamiriro okunze uye zvinotsvaka kuwanazve mabhirioni amadhora mukuvadziko dzinobatanidzwa nomugariro wokunze. Kukwidziridza kwacho kwakakura kubatanidza rondedzero itsva dzakadai semhesano dzinouraya dzinokuvadza nyika nemutemo wezvemamiriro okunze mukurusa.
Zvinetso zvinokosha zvinosara, kubatanidza hondo dzehurumende pamusoro pokuti nhau dzehurumende kana kuti dzehurumende, chishoro chezvamatongerwe enyika uye mapoka anokamuranisa, zviteshi zvemanyuko, uye kuoma kwokubvumikisa kuvadziko nokuwadzanyura kwekuvadziko.
Nguva yemberi yemhesano yemamiriro okunze ichaumbwa nokupindira kweDare Gurusa kunobvira, kukura kwerondedzero dzapamutemo navakwirirwi, chinjo mumuitiro wemamiriro okunze wehurumende, uye kufambira mberi kwokupa sayenzi netapuro dzemari. State Attorney General sezvingabvira acharamba achishingaira muiyi nzvimbo, zvikurukuru apo muitiro wehurumende wemamiriro okunze unenge usina kusimba kana kuti unodzokera shure.
Nokuda kwamabhizimisi, kukura kwemipimo yemamiriro okunze kunoraira ngwariro yokungwarira kukuziviswa kwenzvimbo, miitiro yokutengesa, uye kutarisirwa kwengozi. Kuvagadziri vemitemo, mamiriro okunze anomirira chishandiso chimwe pakati pavazhinji nokuda kwokugadziridza mamiriro okunze, chinobudirira zvikurusa apo anobatanidzwa negadziriro yemamiriro okunze akakwana. Nokuda kwavanhu, izvi zvinoitika zvinomirira mutoo unokosha wokuzvidavirira uye manyuko anobvira okupa mari nokuda kwokuchinja mamiriro okunze munzanga dzakatowana miuyo yemamiriro okunze emhoteredzo.
Zviwanikwa uye Kuravazve
Nokuda kwaavo vanofarira kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pemikana yemamiriro okunze nebasa reState Attorney General, zviwanikwa zvinoverengeka zvinogovera kufukidzwa nokuongororwa kunopfuurira. Sabin Center nokuda kwokuchinja mutemo weClima paColumbia University zvinochengeta mapepa akakwana ezvokugadziridza mamiriro okunze munyika yose uye zvinobudisa kugadziridza kwenguva dzose pazvinoitika zvitsva nezvinoitwa. Mutendi weCrite yeClimate Trity [ inogovera mitengo netsigiro nokuda kwenzanga dzinoronda dzinorangarira kuzvidavirira.
Mahofisi eState Attorney anobudisa nhau dzinobudisa nyaya dzemamiriro okunze uye dzepamutemo dzine chokuita nenyaya dzemamiriro okunze panzvimbo dzavo dzepaIndaneti dzepamutemo. Kutevera mashoko aya epamutemo kunopa mukana wakananga wezvibvumikiso zvepamutemo nouchapupu zviri kupiwa munhau huru. Mamagazini eAcademy anotaura nezvemutemo wemhoteredzo uye muitiro wemamiriro okunze anogara achibudisa nyaya dzinoongorora mamirire ezvinhu nezvinoguma zvaitika.
Masangano emitemo nemitemo mumativi ose ezvamatongerwe enyika anopa mifungo yakasiana pamhaka yemamiriro okunze. Mapoka ezvemhoteredzo anowanzotsigira rondedzero yezvemamiriro okunze ine masimba masimba sechishandiso chiri madikanwa nokuda kwokuzvidavirira, nepo makambani anofunga asina mabhizimisi namasangano ebhizimisi achitsoropodza kurangarira kwakadaro sechinoparira chibereko chisina zvibereko uye chinokuvadza mune zvemari. Kuhwirudzura kubva mumifungo mizhinji kunopa nzwisiso yakakwana zvikuru yekurukurirano dzakapoteredza mugariro wokunze.
Sezvo kukwikwidzana kwemamiriro okunze kunopfuurira kuchinja, kuramba uchiziviswa pamusoro penhau itsva, zvisarudzo zvedare, uye zvinoitika zvepamutemo kuchava kunokosha nokuda kwomunhu upi noupi anofarira muitiro wemamiriro okunze, mutemo wemhoteredzo, kana kuti kuzvidavirira kwesangano.Miitiro yeState Attorney General munzvimbo ino sezvingabvira ichapesvedzera muitiro womugariro wokunze nomufambiro webhizimisi kwemakore anouya, kuchiita iyi nzvimbo inokosha kuti itarisire vagadziri vemitemo, vatungamiriri vebhizimisi, vatsigiri, uye vagari vemo vanoitira hanya zvakafanana.