Sumo: Mubatanidzwa Wakanaka Wokuva Mugari Wenyika yeAmerica

Sumo kuUnited States Constitution inopfuura zvikuru kupfuudzira kubudirira. Kutaura kwakapfupika asi kune simba kwedonzo rorudzi, kunoonesa nheyo huru dzinorondedzera udzori hweAmerica. Kuzarura namashoko emifananidzo “Isu vanhu,” [ inokurumidza kusimbisa kuti mirau yehurumende ibude pakubvumira kutongwa nemitemo inogarwa. Nokuda kwavadzidzisi, kupfuudzwa chinhu chinokosha kubetsera vadzidzi kusanzwisisa izvo Bumbiro reMitemo rinoita, asi kuti nei rakasikwa uye ranokosha. Munhambo inowedzera yokuchinja kwezvamatongerwe enyika nenzanga, kudzidzisa kunokosha nokuda kwokusakurira, uye kushandira vagari vemo.

Sumo inodudza nharidzano nhanhatu huru: kuumba Dare rakakwana zvikuru, kugadza Ruramisiro, kugovera dziviriro yomumba, kutsigira Nhaka yavose, uye kuchengetedza Zvikomborero zveRusununguko. Nharidzano imwe neimwe inomirira chipikirwa chakaitwa nechizvarwa chakagadzwa (kwete bedzi kwavari vamene), asi kuzvizvarwa zvose zvomunguva yemberi zveAmerica. Kunzwisisa idzi nharidzano kunoshongedzera vadzidzi kunzvera kuti rudzi rwakararama sei kusvikira kumipimo yarwo uye kurangarira basa ravo vamene mukuzvisvitsa.

Sumo Senheyo Yedzidzo Yechibvumirano

Dzidzo yeCobics inowanzonangidzira ngwariro pachimiro chehurumende($(8) mapazi matatu, kunzvera nokudzikama, mutoo wokugadziridza. Kunyange zvazvo kudikanwa, mutoo uyu unogona kusiya vadzidzi vakaparadzaniswa nenheyo dzouzivi nedzetsika dzeBumbiro remitemo. Mabhiriji okutanga musiyano wemisiyano. Inopa mifungo mishomanene yakadai seruramisiro, rusununguko, uye zvakanaka zvavose mukodhekisi, gadziriro yefariro iyo vadzidzi vanogona kunzvera nokukurukura.

Kana vadzidzi vakaongorora nyaya iyi, vanoramba vaine mibvunzo ichiri kukurumidzira: Kudzidzisa mubatanidzwa wevanenge vachitaura kuti “vasingamboiti zvinhu zvose, ” kunoratidza sei kuti“ kururamisira” kuri kuitika munzanga ine vanhu vakawanda, uye kuti ndiani ane mutoro we “kusava nekodzero yokuita zvinhu zvechikwata chemunhu. ”

Nheyo Huru Munhau

Kunzwisisa mashoko aya enhau kunoita kuti vadzidzi vawedzere kukoshesa zvairehwa nePregagery.

  • Kuumba Union yakakwana zvikuru: Hurumende yeConfederation yakagadzira Hurumende ine utera husingagoni kupedza gakava pakati pehurumende kana kuti kutengeserana. Convention yeConstitution ye1787 yakadanwa kugadzirisa izvi zvikanganiso. Iyi nharidzano inoratidzira chishuvo chavavambi chehurumende yenyika yakasimba zvikuru, inowirirana zvikuru yavanhu (asi iyo yakaramba ichizvidavirira kuvanhu.)
  • ruramisiro yezvisakiso: Mukutonga kweBritain, varoori vakatambura nemitemo inosarudzwa nematare ane rusaruro. Vavambi vakaomerera patsika yemitemo yaizoshanda zvakaenzana kuvagari vose, yakasununguka papesvedzero yeHurumende kana kuti vakakwirira vane simba. Iyi nheyo inovakirwa kumutemo.
  • Resure Trancation yedzimba: Shays Region (1786-87) yakanga yaratidzira ngozi dzehurumende yepakati isina simba isingakwanisi kuchengeta nhevedzano. Vavambi vakaziva kuti chaunga chakatsiga chinoda zvose zviri zviviri zviremera zvinobudirira nemitoo nokuda kwechisarudzo chine rugare cherwisano.
  • Chibvumikiso nokuda kwedziviriro dzavose: rudzi rutsva rwakatarisana netyisidziro dzinobva kumasimba eEurope namarudzi echiIndia eAmerica. Muitiro wakabatana wehondo nowokumwe wakarangarirwa sounokosha nokuda kwokupukunyuka.
  • promo yeWelfare: Ichi chitsama chamashoko hachina kunzwisiswa pakuvamba semurairo wakafara nokuda kwegadziriro dzegarikano asi panzvimbo pezvo sechikumbiro chokuti hurumende iite migariro (yakadai segadziriro, dzidzo, uye dzikamo yemari) izvo zvaizobvumira vagari vemo kubudirira.
  • Rovedza Zvikomborero zveRusununguko kwatiri timene neProfiti yedu: Iyi nharidzano yokupedzisira inobatanidza zvakajeka rusununguko nezvizvarwa zvomunguva yemberi, ichisimbisa kuti Bumbiro remitemo rakarongedzerwa kutsungirira. Rinoisa mutoro pachizvarwa chimwe nechimwe kuchengetedza nokudzivirira rusununguko rwavakagara nhaka.

Nokuongorora mavambo aya, vadzidzi vanoona kuti kusuma kwacho kwakanga kusiri kupedza manzwisi asi kwaiva kuita zvinoshanda kuzvinetso chaizvo zvenyika.

Kutanga Kwemashoko Anokosha muAmerica Yazvino Uno

Kubatanidza nheyo imwe neimwe kuzviitiko zvazvino zvinobetsera vadzidzi kuona Bumbiro Remitemo sechinyorwa chipenyu uye ivo vamene sevatori rutivi munhau yaro inopfuurira, hakusi miyuziyamu; inoshingaira, ipo pfungwa dzinopokanidzwa muupenyu hwezvamatongerwe enyika hwazvino uno.

“ Mubatanidzwa Wakakwana Kwazvo” Nhasi

Muna 2025, nharo pamusoro pounani, kodzero dzenyika, uye chinzwano chorudzi dzinopfuurira kunzwika. Mibvunzo pamusoro pomuitiro wokubuda munyika, maruramiro okuvhota, uye kusaenzana kwezvemari zvose zvinotapura mubvunzo wokuti rudzii rwemubatanidzwa watinoda kuva. Pregary haisati ichiraira mitemo chaiyo, asi inogadza mupimo: mubatanidzwa unofanira kuva “wakakwana zvikuru” kupfuura wakaitwa. Vadzidzi vanogona kukurukura kana miitiro yazvino uno yakadai sokuwedzera kwechikamu kana kuti kusawirirana pakati pemitezo iyoyo.

“ Ruramisiro yeEstablish” muNzanga inopesana

Kurondwa kweruramisiro kwave kuri chinhu chikuru kumasangano ekodzero dzavagari vemo, ruramisiro youtsotsi, uye maruramiro enzanga. Chikumbiro chePregget ku “Ruramisiro” igadziriro ine simba nokuda kwavadzidzi vanonzvera mhaka dzedare gurusa, mutemo wakadai seCivil Rights Act, kana kuti gakava rinopfuurira pamusoro pokuchinja kwamapurisa nokusungwa kwavazhinji. National Constitution Center[ inogovera zvinhu zvakaisvonaka nokuda kwokunzvera kuti nheyo dzePregit dzakaturikirwa sei munhau.

“ Kushanda Kwoupenzi” uye Runyararo Rwavose

Kubva pakuramba kusvikira kumigariro youtano yavose, kuchengeta rugare rwemhuri kunoda kudzikamisa kodzero dzomunhu oga nekotsekano yavose. Zviitiko zvemisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi zvinobatanidza denho yaJanuary 6, 2021 paCapitol, ruramisiro yedzinza, uye ganhuriro dzinobatanidzwa nehosha dzinoparira zvirwere zvinoparira njodzi dzehurumende mukuchengeta rugare. Pregedge inokoka vadzidzi kurangarira kuti chimiro chorugare ndechipi chiri kudzivirirwa uye nemuuyo.

“ Kudzivirira kweCommon” uye Kuchengeteka kweNational

Nharo pamusoro pemari inoshandiswa muchiuto, kupindira mune dzimwe nyika, kuchengeteka kwepaIndaneti, uye kuchengeteka kwenyika dzose zvinobatana nechinangwa chokugovera dziviriro dzinoshandiswa nevose. Vadzidzi vanogona kukurukura kuti rudzi rwetyisidziro rwakachinja sei chifo cha 1787 uye kana mutoo wazvino uno wehurumende uchiwirirana nevavariro yavatangi. The National Archives inopa manyuko makuru anobetsera kudzivirira kwokuvamba.

“ Wende Yose” uye Mukana Wezvemari

Chikamu chenhau yegarikano chave chiri nhau yedudziro huru, inodudzwa kutsigira chinhu chiri chose kuvambira pakuisa mari yehwaro yepfuma kusvikira kupurogiramu dzekotsekano dzenzanga. Mukurukurirano dzazvino uno pamusoro pezvoutano, mari yedzidzo, uye chengeteko yenzanga, iyi nharidzano inoramba iri pakati. Vadzidzi vanogona kunzvera kuti matare navezvamatongerwe enyika vakanzwisisa sei “garikano yenzanga” nokufamba kwenguva uye chikonzero nei inoramba ichikakavara.

“ Zvikomborero Zvorusununguko” Kwatiri Nekushanda Kwedu Mubasa Redu

Iyi nharidzano yokupedzisira inonangidzira pachena kuzvizvarwa zvomunguva yemberi, ichikuita nzvimbo yokupinda yomuzvarirwo yekurukurirano pamusoro poutariri hwemhoteredzo, chinjo yemamiriro okunze, uye kuchengeteka. Mabasai atinawo kuvana vachazotevera? Pregnagno inokarakadza kuti rusununguko harusi chinhu bedzi asi chivimbo chinofanira kuchengetwa ndokupfuudzwa. Bill of Rights Institute [ inogovera zviwiro zvehurumende izvo zvinobatanidza kutangira nhau dzazvino uno dzorusununguko.

Kudzidzisa Sumo: Zvibvumirano Zvokugoverana Chibvumirano

Nzira dzinotevera dzinobatsira vadzidzi kuisa nheyo dzacho mukati uye kuona kukosha kwadzo:

Kuongorora Kunokosha

Vadzidzi vaverenga mashoko okutanga parutivi pemanyoro eFederalist Mapes kana kuti Anti-Fedarisst. Vabvunze kuti vazive kuti ivavariro dzipi dzaikosha zvikuru kumunyori mumwe nomumwe uye kuti nei. Ikoku kunovaka unyanzvi hwokurava hunoda kufungwa nezvahwo uye kunzwira tsitsi kwenhau.

Kutamba Rutivi uye Chiratidzo

Gadzirisa kirasi mumapoka maduku, rimwe nerimwe rakagoverwa kudzivirira imwe yenharidzano nhanhatu. Ipapo ipai chiitiko chokufungidzira (muchib., hurumende inotyisidzira kukuva secede; ngwavaira yomusikirwo inokurira zvishandiso zvomunzvimbomo). Mapoka anofanira kupikisa kuti vavariro yavo yakagoverwa inofanira kutungamirira sei mhinduro yorudzi. Ikoku kunosakurira unyanzvi hwekurukurirano uye kudzidzisa vashambadzi vorudzi vanoberekwa mukutonga.

Kunyora Nokugadzira uye Unyanzvi Hwezvinoonekwa

Kumbira vadzidzi kuti vanyorezve mashoko okutanga, varatidze tsika nezvinetso zvechizvarwa chavo.

Kubatanidza kweCorcular

Prequgery inotaura nezvenhau, hurumende, mabhuku, uye kunyange masvomhu (zvikurukuru, kunzvera mari nokuda kwe “dziviriro yavose” mubhajeti yehurumende). Kokororai nevashandi biyanyu kuvaka masangano okuranga. Somuenzaniso, kirasi yechiNgezi inganzvera chimiro chokusapindura mhinduro chePregedge, nepo girabhu yekirasi yemasvomhu yehurumende ichipedza nguva.

Mabasa Anokosha

Vadzidzi vanodenha kuziva nhau yomunzvimbomo ine chokuita neimwe yenharidzano nhanhatu, somuenzaniso, sango rezvokudya rinosekesa garikano yose zvayo, kana kuti kushaikwa kwenzvimbo yenhandaro yepwere inotapura rugare rwemhuri. Itai kuti vanzvere nhau yacho, vakarakadze chigadzikiso chemiitiro, uye vaipe kuboka rechikoro kana kuti vakuru vakuru vakuru vomunzvimbomo. Ikoku kunoshandura nheyo dzisiri dzendangariro kuva nzanga chaiyoiyo.

Michina inopa gadziriro dzefundo dzapachena idzo dzinobatanidza dzakawanda dzeiyi mitoo, kuchikuita kuti kuve nyore kuti vadzidzisi vabatanidze Sumo mufundo dzechikoro dziripo.

Zvinetso Nokutsoropodza Pakudzidzisa Sumo

Kunyange zvazvo mashoko okutanga achiremekedzwa zvikuru, vadzidzisi vanofanirawo kutaura nezvezvaasingakwanisi kuita munhau uye kutsoropodza kwazvinoitwa.

Kuurawa Kwavakadzi, Vanhu Vakaiswa Muuranda, uye MaIndia ekuAmerica

“ Isu vanhu” hatina kubatanidza vanhu vose muna 1787. Vakadzi vakabviswa zvikuru muupenyu hwezvamatongerwe enyika; vaAmerica vakaiswa muuranda vakarangarirwa savatatu vomunhu nokuda kwezvinangwa zvemimiririri; uye marudzi eAbomhondi veAmerica akabatwa sevanhu vokumwe. Kubvuma mukaha uyu pakati pemipimo yakavambwa nokushandiswa kwerepublic yapakuvamba kunokosha nokuda kwedzidzo yakarurama. Vadzidzisi vanogona kushandisa iyi dzvinyiriro kubvunza: Revo ye “Isu vanhu” yakakudzwa sei munguva? Zvii zvakanga zviri madikanwa kuita kuti chipikirwa chePregagedge chive chive chakawanda?

Gakava Pamusoro Perevo Yapakuvamba Nebumbiro Remitemo Ripenyu

Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinotaura kuti kusuma kwacho kunofanira kutsanangurwa zvakasimba maererano nevavariro dzepakutanga, nepo vamwe vachikuona segadziriro huru inochinja - chinja nenzanga.Kupa pfungwa dzose dziri mbiri kunobvumira vadzidzi kurwisana nemibvunzo inotsungirira yedudziro yebumbiro remitemo. Somuenzaniso, “gareral Welfare” zvinoreva masimba mashoma anonyorwa muChikamu I, Chikamu 8, kana kuti kunobvumira here kuti pave nechiito chehurumende chakakura?

Kukurira Kutsoropodza Mudzidzi

Muzera rezvisakiso zvezvamatongerwe enyika, majeni ehurumende, uye mashoko enhau enzanga, vadzidzi vazhinji vanopanikira pamusoro poukoshi hwokuvimbisana kwehurumende. Preget inogona kubatira somushonga.( kwete kupfurikidza nokufuratira zvinetso asi kupfurikidza nokugovera mutauro mumwe nokuda kwokuvavarira kuvandudzwa. Vadzidzisi vanogona kunongedzera kumasangano munhau yose yeAmerica akatorwa pamutauro kuti vade ruramisiro nokuenzana. Chinokosha ndechokudzivisa kubatanidzwa kwehurumende, kukunda kurondedzera nepo vachiri kusimbisa kukosha kwokutora rutivi kwehurumende.

Kutanga Nokugara Munzvimbo Dzakasiyana Nedzimwe

Sezvo upenyu hwevagari vemo hunowedzera kufambira mberi, mitemo yePreging inoshanda zvino. “Kusashanda kwemadhigirii anenge aripo iye zvino kunosanganisira kunetsa vanhu paIndaneti uye mashoko asiri echokwadi. “Kururamisira” kunosanganisira kunetseka nezvemarongedzero emitemo uye kukwanisa kuwanikwa kwakaenzana kwemakombiyuta. “General Welfare” inotambanukira pakudzidza kuverenga nokunyora uye kutungamirira kwemakombiyuta. Vadzidzisi vanogona kubatsira vadzidzi kuti vabatane pfungwa yekuva mugari wemunyika yegaroji, purogiramu dzemakombiyuta, uye mashandiro anoita kuti vaone kuti zvinangwa zvenzanga zvive zvitevedzerwe, kodzero dzavo voga vega vepaIndaneti.

Somuenzaniso, kirasi ingaitirana nharo kana mitemo yekuva nomwero yechikuva ichisimudzira kana kuti kuderedza “kusashanda zvakanaka kwemari.” Kana kuti ingagona kunzvera kuti“ kuchengetedza zvikomborero zveMvumo” kunoshanda sei kukunyora mashoko enhema norusununguko rwokutaura mumichina yemakombiyuta.

Kupedzisa: Vagari Vomunyika Vanodzidzisa Kuti Vave Vakabatana Vakakwana

Simba rinogara riri mukuvara kwaro kwapanhambo nenhambo uye kwakadzama. Mumashoko 52 bedzi, rinopfupikisa tariro dzorudzi rutsva uye denho chizvarwa chiri chose kurarama mukuwirirana netariro idzodzo. Nokuda kwavadzidzisi, ichinhu chisingaenzaniswi (icho chinogona kumisa mibatanidzwa yehurumende, nhau, uye kunyange nhau dzapanguva ino. Apo vadzidzi vanobatisisa zvikuru nePreggary, vanoita zvinopfuura kupeta nomusoro rugwaro; vanovamba kuzviona vamene savanyori veganhuro inotevera yehurumende yeAmerica.

Dzidzo, chinhu chikuru, chokugadzirira nguva yemberi.Pregagery inotiyeuchidza kuti nguva yemberi inofanira kuumbwa nokuziva, vagari vemo vane mutoro vanonzwisisa nheyo dzeruramisiro, rusununguko, uye zvakanaka zvavose. Kupfurikidza nokudzidzisa nhepfenyuro inofungwa nenhau inotambudza, kutendeseka kwakakomba, uye pedagogy /we inoshongedzera vadzidzi kuita basa ravo sa “Isu Vanhu,” kwete bedzi nokuda kwebetsero yavo vamene asi nokuda kwebetsero yavazukuru.