Kuchinja Kwemamiriro Ezvinhu Ezvamatongerwe Enyika: Kuchinja Kunowedzera muJapan Yazvino Uno

Kwamakumi amakore, mamiriro ezvinhu ezvamatongerwe enyika eJapan akarondedzerwa nedenho dzinodokuva dzisingadzoreki dzeLiberal Democratic Party yeRevolution (LDP). Chifo chokuumbwa kwayo muna 1955, LDP yatarisira chishamiso cheJapan chezvemari, yakatungamirira kuputika kwepfuma, uye yakakwanisa denho dzechaunga chekare nokukurumidza. Zvisinei, mumakore achangobva kupfuura aya, boka ramapoka anofambira mberi rakabuda, richidenha mugariro nokureverera nokuda kwechinjo huru dzenzanga. Idzi, nepo dzichiri shomanene muDiet, dzakaunza nenzira inobudirira nhau dzakafanana nokusaenzana kwemari, mamiriro okunze echinyakare, mamiriro ezvinhu echikadzi, ruramisiro yevatano, uye ruramisiro mukurukurirano huru dzezvamatongerwe enyika. Nyaya ino ino inonzvera kukwira kweaya mapoka adzokororo, mamiriro ezvinhu adzo dzomugariro wadzo dzenguva yemberi, uye kutarisanazve neadzo dzenguva yemberi.

Nheyo Yenhau Dzakapoteredza: Kubva paLDP Kukuparadzaniswa Kwezvamatongerwe Enyika Kusvika Kukuparadzaniswa Kwezvamatongerwe Enyika

Kunzwisisa kumuka kwamapati anofambira mberi kunoda kubvuma betsero dzourongwa hweLDP. Japan ine muvhenganiswa wenzvimbo imwe chete nemhedziso dzinowirirana.(_madad) kufarira mapoka makuru nemibatanidzwa yakadzika yomunzvimbomo. Nhamba huru yenhambo yapashure pehondo, chishoro chimwe chete chinokosha chakabva kuJapann Communist Party (JC) neJapan Socialist Party, zvose zviri zviviri zvakarwisa kukudza kupfuura miganhu yazvo. Ma 1990 akaona nhambo pfupi yehurumende dzechikwata chakabatana, asi LDP yakadzorwa nokukurumidza. 2009-2012 yokutungamirira kweDmocratic Party yeJapan (DP) yakaratidzira pfundo rakakwirira nokuda kwechishopu, asi mukati-pakati pezvikamu zvayo kuti zvipedze zvipikirwa zvechibvumirano chePNZO.

Muiri nzvimbo inocheuka, masimba matsva anofambira mberi akasimba. Constitutional Democratic Party yeJapan (CDP), yakaumbwa muna 2017 kubva kuvakasarira veDPJ namamwe mapoka anosununguka, nzvimbo dzimene senzvimbo yapakati neruboshwe. Japanan Communist Party yakagadzira nzvimbo yayo yechetural, ichisimbisa hurumende yedemocracy negarikano yenzanga pamusoro pechinjo yayo yegamuchidzanwa. Kuwedzerazve, matsva akafanana naReiwa Shingumi, akavakirwa naaichimbova mutambi Taro Yamato, akawana ngwariro nezvikarakadzo zvamasimba masimba pamusoro pepfuma uye mirairo yesimba renyika. Kunyange zvakadaro, kunyange zvazvo achinangidzirwa, magariro adzoro avanhu pakodzero dzavanhu nedzose.

Kuchinja Kwomuitiro Wemakori: Izvo Mitambo Inofambira Mberi Iri Kurwira

Kugarisana Zvakanaka Nemari uye Kururamisira

Mapati anofambira mberi muJapan anotaura kuti kukura kwemari yenyika hakuna kugoveranwa. Makumi amakore okuwana mubhadharo, kukwira kwebasa risiri renguva dzose (vashandi vasiri vamaruwa zvino vanoumba inoda kusvika 40% yavashandi), uye mambure echengeteko yenzanga asina kukwana akakuchidzira zvikumbiro zvechinjo. Zvikarakadzo zvikuru zvinobatanidza:

  • Kuparadzira inishuwarenzi yourovha kufukidza vashandi vose, kubatanidza nguva isina kuzara navashandi vebasa.
  • Kuisa muripo muduku pamwero wokurarama, nechipfuro che 1 500 yen paawa (zvino pa 1 000 yen yorudzi).
  • kusimbisa gadziriro yomudyandigere yavose [ kudzivisa urombo hwakwegura, uhwo hunotapura 20% yavakadzi vakura vanogara vari voga.
  • Kupinza mari inowanwa yavose senharidzano refu yenguva, naReiwa Shinsengumi ichiita uyu muitiro wengarava yakakurumbira.

CDP neJCP zvinotsigirawo mitero inofambira mberi .Kubhadhara mitero pamari yakakwirira uye kuwana mari yakawanda uku vachideredza mitero yedzimba dzinowana mari shoma. Vanopikisa kuti kuvimba kweLDP pamutero kunowedzera mutoro mukuru kuvarombo.

Kuchengetedza Kwakatipoteredza uye Kushanda Kwemamiriro Okunze

Japan ndiyo kabhoni yokuwedzera yeshanu munyika yose, uye nzira yayo yokushandisa simba yakaumbwa zvikuru nenjodzi yenyukireya ya2011 Fukushima. Masangano anofambira mberi akakwidziridza kuti simba rikurumidze kugadzirwazve, uye zvipfuro zvakadai se100% inomutsidzirwa magetsi pa204040-2050. Mitemo yakada kubatana inosanganisira:

  • Kushandisa simba renyukireya chose chose, mukupesana nechirongwa cheLDP chokurichengeta semanyuko apakuvamba omutoro.
  • [ Kurega mari yesimba remarasha [ zvose zviri zviviri mudzimba uye kupfurikidza nokuendesa mari kunze kwenyika.
  • [[FT:0] Kupinza mumitsetse yemichero yezuva namabasa okuchengeta kuti zvigone kupinza zvikuru zuva nemhepo.
  • mabasa oruvara rwegirini [ mumakambani akadai sekufambisa vanhu vose, kuvaka mapuroteni, uye kurima kunochengetedza.

JCP yave ichishingaira zvikurukuru mumasangano omunzvimbomo okurwisana nokuvakwa kwenzvimbo dzemarasha, nepo CDP ine mutemo wemamiriro okunze akagadzirwa waizoderedza zvinoiswa. 2022 fightwaves uye kuwedzera kwezvinoitika zvemamiriro okunze zvakapa tarisiro yokukurumidzira kuizvi zvikarakadzo.

Kuenzana kwevakomana nekwavakomana neVakadzi

Japan inoderera pahuenzani hwechikadzi hwunopesana nejere kana kuti hukasaenzana pa1011 kubva kunyika 146 muWorld Economic Forum’s 2022 Global Gender Capul Report. Mapoka anofambira mberi akaita kodzero dzavakadzi nedzidziso dzakasiana-- siyana. Zvinorayira zvikuru zvinosanganisira:

  • [ REGIS inoda chiyero chevatano chevanhurume nevakadzi nokuda kwemasangano ebhizimisi uye vanoda kutevedzerwa mune zvematongerwe enyika (CDP inokarakadza 30% yavakadzi panosvika 2030).
  • Mari inobhadharwa nokuda kwebasa rakaenzana, kuvhara musiyano wemari inobhadharwa nomunhurume (zvino munenge 25%).
  • Mitemo inodzivisa kurwisana nehosha [ inodzivirira vanyajambwa vebasa uye kunetswa mune zvevatano.
  • Kuiswa mumutemo kweroorano nebatira pamwe chete cheteyo zvevatano ; nepo mamwe manisiparati achitopa rugwaro rwekubatana, mutemo wenyika hauzivi kubatanidzwa kwevatano kwevatano kumwe cheteyo. CDP neJCP zvinotsigira wirirano yakakwana yeroorano, uye Reiwa Shinsengumi akaisa matare anodenha chirambidzo.
  • Kukudza kusvika kwavana [[FL: 1] nezororo ravabereki, kubatanidza zororo rokubereka, kuti varatidze mwero wakaderera wokubereka.

Muna 2023, CDP yakaisa pamutemo wokurambidza kurapa kwokutendeutsa, uko LDP yakadira mvura pamberi pokupfuura () ichijekesa kurwisa LGBTQ kunopfuurira.

Kuchinja Dzidzo Nesimba Repwere

Vanhu vari kufambira mberi vanoona dzidzo sechinhu chinobatsira kuti vafambire pamwe chete uye kuti vagarisane.

  • Kuita kuti pakoreji pave nenzvimbo isina mutengo kana kuti yakaderera zvikuru; vaJapan vaduku vazhinji vanoremedzwa nechikwereti chavadzidzi, uye kufunda pamayunivhesiti enyika kwakakwira mumakore gumi apfuura.
  • Kuderedza ukuru hwekirasi nokuroja vadzidzisi vakawanda kuti vavandudze kunaka kwedzidzo.
  • Kupinza kufunga kwokutsoropodza nemhatsa yezvidzidzo zvechikoro kupeta nomusoro nomusoro uye mabhuku ezvourudzi.
  • [ Dzidzo yokumanikidzirwa kubatanidza chikoro chapamusoro , iyo ichiri kusarudzwa, kunyange zvazvo ichidokuva vose vanopinda.

Zvikarakadzo izvi zvinovavarira kupedza kusaenzana kwedzidzo kunopfuurira muJapan, uko mari yemhuri inodeya kutaura zvakasimba migumisiro yedzidzo.

Kodzero Dzebasa Nedziviriro Dzavashandi

Kumuka kwe “mari inodzorwa” nokushanda kusiri kwemitemo kwakaparira bhizimisi ravashandi vaviri. Mapoka anofambira mberi anosimudzira mitemo kuderedza kukurumidza kugadzirwa:

  • [ Mubhadharo wevashandi venguva dzose uye vasiri vehurumende [ unoita basa rimwe chetero.
  • Mibatanidzwa yebasa inosimbisa[ uye inobatanidza vanhu vanokwikwidza kodzero, zvikurukuru nokuda kwamabhizimisi maduku naane mwero.
  • Kuzivisa kudzingwa kwakaipa uye kukuita kuti kuve nyore zvikuru kuti vashandi vatore maruramiro avo.
  • Kuwedzera kuraira kunobhadhara zororo rinorwara (zvino hachisati chiri chinodikanwa chapamutemo).

Chikwata cheJapan cheKomonisiti chine nhau refu yokushandiswa kwebasa, uye CDP yakashanda namasangano ezvokutengeserana kunyora “Kuchinja Kwetsika Kwebasa” mari inopfuura chinjo dzepamusoro dzakaitwa pasi peAbe.

Electoral Presance uye Grasroots Kuronga

Mapati anofambira mberi akaita miuyo ine mwero asi inodzoreka. Mujambwa ra 2021 redare, CDP yakawana zvigaro 96 (kubva muna 465), ichiiita kuti ive boka gurusa rinoshora. JCP yakava nezvigaro 10, uye Reiwa Shinsengumi yakaita zvigaro zvitatu. Mu 2022 Upper House, vashooriste (kubatanidza CDP, JCP, uye SDP) vakachengeta zvigaro zvakakwana zvokudzivisa muganhu webumbiro remitemo. Sarudzo dzomunzvimbomo dzakaona vawirira mberi vawirira mberi mijarati yemijaraundi mumaguta akadai seYokokjoakto neKyoto, kazhinji kupfurikidza nokumhanya panzvimbo yakapoteredza nedzikiswa nenzvimbo dzinorwisana namanyuko.

Mapati aya akaisawo mugadziriro dzemapuraneti, achishandisa masangano ezviwiro zvesociation nemari duku inobhadharwa kuti irege vachengeti vemagedhi ezviteshi zvemapepanhau. JCP inofambisa mubatanidzwa wenzvimbo dzenzanga dzinopa yamuro yapamutemo yapachena nekurukurirano yenzanga, kuvaka chivimbo munharaunda dzemataundi dzinoshanda. Reiwa Shinsengumi akashandisa rwisano dzemavhairasi, dzakadai sokuisa “Mutero weYouTube” pamakambani makuru ezvoruzivo. Pasinei zvapo neiyi nhamburiko, tsigiro yeLDP inoramba yakasimba, zvikurukuru munharaunda dzomumaruwa umo batano dzomunhu oga neshamho inopedza tsvindi ichiri chinhu.

Zvinetso Nemhinganidzo Zvokuchinja Kunowedzera

Muitiro Wezvirongwa Nezvirongwa

Gadziriro yoruwa yeJapan ine mitezo imwe inoda zvikuru LDP, iyo ine zvisungo zvakadzika zvomunzvimbomo uye zvisungo zvakasimba kubatira pamwe yezvokurima, maindasitiri okuvaka, uye sangano rezvokurapa rine simba. Mapati anofambira mberi anowanzokamura vhoti yokushora, achibvumira kuti LDP ahwine ne 30-40% yevhoti. Nepo CDP neJCP zvakaumbawo zvibvumirano zvevavhoti (g., muna 2021 izvo zvinobatanidza vatsvaki vebasa vasina kuroora mumaruwa 150), batira pamwe chete yakadaro inoramba iri nyore. Simba renhau raJCP rinoramba kuvhota murwi wevara wedaindefa youtsi.

Kubudiswa Kwenhau Nokupokana Kwavose

Zviteshi zvikuru zvenhau zveJapan − zvakadzorwa namasangano eterevhizheni anotsamira pakushambadzira nokuisa roorano dzehurumende kugovera nguva yakawanda kubato rinotonga. Vatungamiriri vebato rinofambira mberi vanowanzonyunyuta nezvokufuratirwa kana kuti kuiswa mungozi. Uyezve, chikamu chemirangariro inosarudzwa chinofambira mberi sepfungwa dze “chiJapani” kana kuti chikashatisisa, zvikurukuru panhau dzakafanana nedzokuzvinyima uye roorano youdimoni. Kudenha kwe 9/11 kweNorth Korea kwakasimbisawo chengeteko yechengeteko yakakomba pakati pavana vakurakura.

Kukamukana Kwomukati Nokupesana Kwepfungwa

Musasa unofambira mberi hausi musasa unopesana. CDP iboka guru rinobatanidza mvumo ine mwero, yaichimbova mitezo yeDPJ, uye yaichimbova vasocionalism. JCP inochengeta chimiro chekare chekare panhau dzemari. Reiwa Shinsengumi ipulist neshood contration. Iyi misiano pane dzimwe nguva inodzivisa kunyora mashoko pamwe chete. Somuenzaniso, pamuitiro wechengeteko, CDP inobatanidza mitezo inotsigira Mauto eIwenyu - Defnese parutivi pevatsigiriki, nepo JCP anokumbira kubviswa kweSDF.

Simba Resangano Rakaganhurirwa

Kunyange apo zvikwereti zvinofambira mberi zvinotangwa, hazviwanzopfuudzi. LDP inodzora voruzhinji mudzimba dzose dziri mbiri dzeDiet, uye mubiyayo akasonganirana naye Komeito(a webato rechiBuddha rinosinwa mutsika) rinogoverana mizhinji yemiitiro yayo yemari. Mapati anofambira mberi akashandisa mitoo nenhimbe dzedzvinyiriro kugadziridza zvikwereti zvehurumende (muchib., kuchengetedza mari yokutarisira vana yakawedzerwa muna 2023), asi chinjo huru dzokuvaka dzinoramba dziri nyore kuwana.

Nguva Yemberi Yechinjo Yenzanga muJapan

Kuchinja Zvemararamiro Evanhu Nezvimiro Zvendangariro Zvevanhu

Chiverengero chavagari veJapan chiri kukwegura, asi vanhu vaduku (panenge 30) vari kufambira mberi nenzira inowedzera panhau dzenzanga nemhoteredzo. Nzvero ya 2022 yakaitwa neJapan Youpwere yakaona kuti 70% yavanhu vaduku vakatsigira roorano imwe cheteyo, uye 60% yakaisa mamiriro okunze panzvimbo yakakwirira. Sarudzo dzomunzvimbomo dzakaona muvhoti wepwere akarevererwa mumamwe mahofisi omuguta. Kana iyi kombano inofambira mberi ikapfuurira, mapoka angagona kuwana simba rakasimba zvikuru kupfurikidza nokuunganidza vavhoti vaduku uye kuvapinza mumichina yemichina.

Zvinyorwa Zvinogona Kuwanikwa Nehurumende

Kunyange zvazvo zvisingabviri kuti boka rimwe rinoramba richifambira mberi richahwina voruzhinji munguva yemberi iri pedyo, hurumende dzinobatana dzinobvira. Hurumende yeDPJ ya2009 yakaratidza kuti LDP inogona kudzingwa, kunyange zvazvo boka iroro raizoparara nemhaka yokusakwanisa uye njodzi yeFukushima. Kana CDP, JCP, naReiwa Shinsengumi vaigona kuchengeta nzvimbo yakabatana yakabatana(uye kana Komeito akasarudza kuputsa neLDP(a pakati-pakati pehurumende inogona kubuda. Hurumende yakadaro ingashandisa kugadziridzazve kugadziridza kwapabondero: kukudza vana, kukwidza, kukwidza, uye kuvandudza simba.

Pesvedzero Pamutemo weLDP

Kunyange pasina kutonga, mapati anofambira mberi akatama hwindo reOverton. LDP yakatanga kugamuchira kutaura kunofambira mberi, kwakadai se “mutungamiriri wePrime Kishida mutsva” uyo anosimbisa upfumi kugovera. Muna 2023, hurumende yakasimudza mari shomanene ne3%, uye kusuma “Vana neMitezo Yemhuri” kutsinhiranisa kutsigira vana. Mifungo yose yakare yaitsigirwa namapoka anoshora. LDP yakapfuudzawo LGBTQ+ kunzwisisa mutemo wakaipa, ichidzivisa nzvimbo dzakakurumbira paroorano imwe cheteyo.

Basa Renzanga Yevagari Vemo Nedzvinyiriro Yamarudzi Ose

Masangano anofambira mberi haasi oga mukuvavarira chinjo. Sa Amnesty International Japan, Greenpeace Japan, uye Mubatanidzwa wavakadzi weRugare wakabatira pamwe navezvamatongerwe enyika kufambisira mberi nharidzano dzavanhu nedzemhoteredzo. Mitumbi yamarudzi ose yakadai seUN yakatsoropodza kusaenzana kweJapan kwevatano, simba renyukireya, uye kugamuchirwa kwakaderera kwevapoteri. Uku kunzvera kunopa mapoka anofambira mberi kuti akwikwidzane nokuda kwechinjo mukuwirirana nemipimo yenyika yose.

Mugumisiro: Kuchinja Kunoita Kuti Japan Ive Yakarerekera

Mapoka anofambira mberi eJapan anotarisana nemhinganidzo dzinotyisa: boka rinodzora rakasimba zvikuru, gadziriro yokusarudza inoranga mapoka maduku, uye vanhu vanongwarira pamusoro pechinjo dzinokurumidza. Bva kuwirirana kwavo kwakaparira nhau dzinotambudza(nzi “kuenzana, mamiriro okunze akaipa, rusaruro rwechirume, kunzvimbo dzinopesana kwechinzvimbo. Kupfurikidza nenzvimbo dzekurukurirano dzezvamatongerwe enyika dzinorongwa, zvibvumirano zvehurumende zvinoshanda zvakanaka, zvakatopesvedzera mirairo yemitemo. Nzira yokuenda kuJapan inofambira mberi zvirokwazvo ichava refu, asi dzvinyiriro inokura yepwere duku navavhotisi vokwani nezvinotendwa zvisingarambiki zvinokarakadza kuti kugadziridzwa kwenzanga hakusi mubvunzo kana, asi apo. Vacherekedzeri vezvamatongerwe enyika vechiJapan vanofanira kupfuurira kutarira mapoka mapoka mapoka mapoka aya mapoka, nokuti nyika dzinosvika makumi emakore.

Zviwanikwa zvokuwedzera kurava: ([FULT]][FULT:1]] Parti yeDemocratic international of Japan ), ([ Japan Times kuongorora kubatana kwokushora [), ([[[FLT]]] .Akarti yechikom English ), ([FLT] World EconomFFFF [FFFLD Maromet 202222] Report ), ([FLT:][5]