Kunzwisisa Kushatisa Sechishandiso Chezvamatongerwe Enyika

Kunzverwa inzira yokunzvera inomutsa nharo inoshandiswa zvikurukuru mukati menhimbe dzezvamatongerwe enyika kupesvedzera vavhoti muchimiro chepfungwa chapamutemo. Kusafanana nenzvero dzendangariro dzavanhu vemo, idzo dzinovavarira kuyera murangariro usina kusiana, dzinosunda nzvero kushandisa namaune kuiswa mumifungo, kutsausa, kana kuti kushaikwa kwemirangariro kuumba nzwisiso dzavada kufunda kana kuti nhau. Muitiro kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji unodzika mitsa mutsetse pakati pokunzvera nokunyengetendisa, kumutsa mibvunzo yakakomba pamusoro pokuva pachena, tsika, uye utano hwehurukuro yedemocracy. Nepo kushaikwa kwezvinodikanwa zvakajeka necherekedzo dzechitatu kuendesa izvi zviito nokuzvidavirira kuduku.

Shoko rokuti “nzvero yepepush” pachayo inowanzonzwisiswa. Nzvero yechokwadi haisati iri nzvero yechokwadi; rudzi rwokushambadzira kwakaipa kunonyepedzerwa senzvero. Inowanzoitwa parunhare, kupfurikidza namarobhora, kana kuti kupfurikidza namapureji apaIndaneti, aya“mapukanana” anobvunza mibvunzo yakadai, kuti, “Kudai ungava kana kuti ungangova nengozi shoma yokuvhotera kuti X aitwe kuti ashaye tsika dzisina kunaka? Mibvunzo yakadaro haisi kuronge kuunganidza mashoko asi kuisa songaniro yakaipa mundangariro yomuvhoti. [[FLT:]] SAUPFOR]

Gakava rakapoteredza rinonyandura nzvero panyengedzo. Vatambi havawanzoziviswa kuti danidzo yacho haisati iri nzvero yechokwadi, uye mibvunzo inorongwa kuti ipe mhinduro dzemirangariro panzvimbo pemirangariro yechokwadi. Uku kushatisa kunosekesa kubvumirana kwokuziva kuti miitiro yokunzvera yetsika inoda uye kunogona kukanganisa kunzwisisa kwavose zvinyorwa zvavadaviri. Mibato namasangano enhau zvinobata zvakajeka pamusoro peizvi zviito munzira dzakasiana - siana, imwe neimwe ine revo huru nokuda kwokuvimba kwomuvhoti.

Kusvika Kunoita Nhimbe Kushatisa

Nhimbe dzinotarisana nechinetso padzinenge dzichifunga kuvhura. Kune rumwe rutivi, nzira yacho inogona kubudirira zvikuru pakupesvedzera vavhoti vasina kurongwa kana kuti kusimbisa pfungwa dzisina kunaka dzomushori. Kune rumwe, kubatwa uchishandisa nzira dzokunyengera dzinogona kukuvadza mukurumbira wenhimbe, kukoka kuongororwa kwezvinobudisa nhau, uye kunyandura kushatisa kunoitwa nevavhooti namapoka evaoni. Semugumisiro, miitiro yokuona zviri pachena inosiyana zvikuru.

Kushandisa Mishonga Yakakwana Kunopesana Nekungwarira

Mamwe makambani anosarudza kuva anongoratidza mabasa awo okuvhota. Angazivisa kuti vari kuitisa “nzvero yezvamatongerwe enyika” uye vanozivisa sangano rinotsigira kana kuti mudariro. Zvisinei, kunyange muzviitiko izvi, rudzi rwemibvunzo haruwanzotsanangurwa. Zvinowanzova, nhimbe dzinoshanda muchivande chejeni. Kuvhota kazhinji kazhinji kunoparirwa kuvakuru vezvamatongerwe enyika vakazvimirira kana kuti mapoka echitatu anoshanda pasi pemazita akajeka se “Mari Kupindutsira Nguva Yemberi Yakanaka" kuvhara manyuko echokwadi. Voters haana nzira yokuziva nayo kuti runhare rwakabatana nenhimbe, kuchiita kuti kuve kusingabviri kuyera kukudzwa kwamashoko anopiwa.

Mabasa Apamutemo Nemigodhi

MuUnited States, kunzvera kunodzorwa pamwero wehurumende, uye mitemo inosiana zvikuru. Mitemo mizhinji inoda kuti vashanyi vazivise kuzivikanwa kwesangano rinobhadhara nokuda kwenzvero, asi kuchengetwa kunowanzoregeredza. Federal Communies Commissions (FC) ine mitemo pamusoro pemarocalls, asi havamanikidziri zvakananga kunzvera somuitiro. Mushumo unobva ku [FLT: 0] National Conference of State Legislatures[ inocherekedza kuti hafu yemite yemitemo inoraira zvakajeka kuvhotera mukuita kuti zvivhozhotera zvishavo. Iri chirongwa chemiraudzo chinogona kushandisa zvisakiso. Somuenzaniso, nhimbe yakavakirwa mumitemo inodzo inodzorwa zvakasimba inoshandiswa kuendesa pamutemo kuvhotera mberi.

Kalculus Yakaisvonaka

Mamaneja enhimbe anoyera betsero pfupi dzenzvero mukunzverwa kwemipimo yemipimo yemipimo mirefu yenhambo refu. Dzimwe nhimbe zvino dzinogamuchira mitemo yomukati inorambidza nzira yacho chose chose, dzichiirangarira setsvina pamuitiro wedemokrasi. Vamwe vanoruramisa kushandiswa kwayo kupfurikidza nokutaura kuti vashori vava kutoshandisa mitoo yakafanana, vachiparira kumhanya kwezvombo zvenhema. Kushaikwa kwetsika dzakaenzana muindasitiri kunoreva kuti kujeka kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji ndiko kukuvadzwa kwedzvinyiriro yamakwikwikwi. Voters, anoreva, panguva ino, anosiiwa kuti arege kutsaura zviri nyore pakati pekuvhotera kwapamutemo uye kumanikidza kunzvera, kuisa chivimbo munzvero yose yakasanonzvera.

Basa Rezvinobudisa Nhau Mukuratidzira Nokuchinja

Masangano enhau anoongorora nokungwarira pakunzverwa kwenhau, asi mano awo okugovera kuoneka anomanikidzirwa nezviwanikwa, nguva, uye rudzi rwakavanzika rwemuitiro wacho.

Kuongorora Kushatisa Kwokumanikidza

Mapepanhau makuru uye nzvimbo dzokufeyafeyafeya nguva nenguva zvakafukunura mabasa okunzvera uye zvakaasvitsa kungwariro yavose. Somuenzaniso, mukati mesarudzo yapurezidhendi weU.U.S., vatori venhau vakazivisa kuvhota kwokumanikidzira vavhoti mumaruwa anoverengeka nenhema pamusoro penzvimbo dzavadaviri. Idzi nhau dzinowanzotsamira pamirayiridzo inobva kuvavhoti vanonyumwira kana kuti varoyi vanoridza khwero mukati mefekitari dzemichina yemikana: Nhimbe yokuvhotera ingava mazuva mashomanene bedzi, uye panguva inozobudiswa nhau yacho ingave yakatonzwika. Uyezve, zvitengo zvizhinji zvenhau zvomunzvimbomo zvinoshaiwa vaparidzi vokunzvera miitiro yakadaro, zvichisiya migove miduku zvikuru isingacherechedzwi.

Dzidzo Yokuparadza Chokwadi Neyamagetsi

Masangano ezvinobudisa nhau anoitawo basa mukunzvera kunoitwa mumashoko. Apo nzvero yokusunda inotenderera pomero yenhema, vacherekedzi veidi vanogona kuibvisa ndokubetsera vavhoti kunzwisisa zvokwadi. Somuenzaniso, Facct.org yakabudisa nhungamiro pakuzivisa kumanikidza kunzvera nokujekesa kuti havasi nzvero dzapamutemo. Dzimwe nzira dzinopfuurira nokutsanangura musiyano pakati pezvivhotera zvinomanikidzirwa uye mifungo yechokwadi, zvakadai seinoitiswa nePrew Research Center kana kuti Gallup, iyo inotevera mipimo yakakomba. Kupfurikidza nokusimudza, varedhia vanogona kubudisa runhare kuti vasaishandure kusazvidzwa.

Zvinetso Mune Zvinobudisa Nhau

Pasinei zvapo neidzi nhamburiko, kunzvera kwezvinobudisa nhau kunowanzova kusingapinduri uye kusina kukwana. Nemhaka yokuti nzvero dzokumanikidzira dzinoitwa pachivande, vatori venhau vangaparapatika kuwana mashoko ane udzame pamusoro pokuvabhadhara kwavo, kuti ifoni ngani dzakaitwa, uye mashoko chaiwo emibvunzo. Nhimbe dzinonzwisisika kudzivisa kugovera mashoko akadaro, uye mapoka echitatu haadikanirwi kuagoverana. Mukuwedzera, kuwanda kwekurukurirano dzenhimberi kunokuita kuti kuve kwakaoma nokuda kwekunzvera kumwe kunzvera miitiro yose inobvira yokunyengera. Somuuyo, kuzhinjisaidzosera kusingashatirwi, uye vhotera anoramba asingazivi kuedza kushandura mirangariro yavo.

Zvinetso Zvokuita Kuti Ndinyatsoona Mavara

Zvikonzero zvakasiyana - siyana zvourongwa nomufambiro zvinoita kuti kunzvera kwokumanikidza kuve kwakaoma zvikuru kuwana, kunyange apo zvose zviri zviviri nhimbe nezvinobudisa nhau zvinoshuva kuva zvakazaruka zvikuru.

Kusaziva Nezvemaune Nenhimbe

Nzvero dzinowanzoita nhamburiko huru kuvanza donzo renzvero. Dzingashandisa nhamba dzorunhare dzinooneka, mawebsite okuraswa, uye manyoro asina kujeka asingatongodudzi zita romunzveri. Dzimwe kunzvera kunoiswa mukati menguva refu, sezvinoratidzika kuva kusatora rutivi kupfupikisazve vavariro yavo. Vavariro ndeyokuita kuti kusava nemvikano dzinooneka: kana kubvunzwa, nhimbe yacho inogona kutaura kuti kudana kwakanga kuri nzvero yapamutemo, kwete kunzvera kwokumanikidzira. Iyi imhiro iri imwe yemhinganidzo hurusa kujeka, sezvo ichidzivisa vaRevito, vatori venhau, uye kunyange kudzosera kuti vasaidze mamiriro ezvinhu okunze kuti vasarudzira kwezva.

Kuwana Mashoko Kusina Kutsarukana Kwezvinobudisa Nhau

Kunyange apo vatori venhau vanozivisa nzvero ingangoshandiswa, kuwana mashoko anenge akaoma zvikuru. Kusafanana nokuvhota kwapamutemo, uko kunowanzoperekedzwa nenotsi dzemiitiro uye pane dzimwe nguva mashoko asina kugadzirwa, kumanikidza kuongorora kubudisa mashoko avose. Migumisiro yacho inopesana ne(apo inonyorwa) inodzorwa nokuedza kushanda kwemashoko kana kuti kuvhura mashoko asina kunaka. Pasina mukana wokuridza manyoro, kana kuti nhamba yebvunzurudzo dzapera, mishumo inofanira kuvimba noufakazi hwemanyuko avose uye kunyora kubva kuvhota. Iyi inoganhurira ukurudza kunyora mashoko okunyora mashoko kana kuti kushatisa.

Kuziva Zvinhu Nezvokusava Nechokwadi

Vavhoti vazhinji havana zivo yokuzivisa nzvero inomanikidzirwa apo vanosangana nayo. Vangasanzwisisa musiano pakati penzvero inoitiswa nesayenzi nedanidzo. Kunyange apo vanonyumwira chimwe chinhu kuva chisipo, vanowanzorembera pasina kushuma kuchiremera chipi nechipi kana kuti kubudisa nhau. Nhimbe dzedzidzo namasangano akafanana ne Pew Research Center dzakaedza kuvaka kurava nokunyora, asi idzi nhamburiko dzinopfupikiswa nevhoriyati chaiyo yokuvhotera.

Mikaha Yemitongo Nokushanda

Sezvataurwa pakuvamba, mitemo yenzvimbo yehurumende haiwirirani, uye utariri hwehurumende hushoma. Kunyange uko kuziviswa kunodikanwa, kuchengetwa kwemari kwechikaratidzo hakuwanzoitiki. Mitemo yemibato yemari yeCampaignment pane dzimwe nguva inoshanda kana kunzvera kuchirangarirwa sechimiro chekurukurirano, asi rondedzero yacho haina kujeka. Federal Ecomment Commission (FEC) yakabata munhau seyakasinwa kuvhozhokerwa nezvinodikanwa zvakati zvokuzivisa, ichitaura kuti chimiro chokuvhotera panzvimbo pokuratidzira kurongeka. Iyi nzvimbo yachena inosiya suo yachena yakazaruka nokuda kwokubatwa zvisina kufanira. Pasi pemiraudzo yakajeka nezvirango, kujeka kupfurikidza nokuzvidira panzvimbo pekurayira kwapamutemo.

Kuziva Nokuita Kwazvingaita Makambani Okushatisa

Kupa simba vavhoti chinhu chinokosha pakushandisa nzira ipi neipi yokuona. Kana vanhu vachigona kuziva kuvhota kwokumanikidzira ndokuita nenzira yakafanira, unyanzvi hunorasikirwa nesimba rahwo rakawanda. Mavara anotevera anogona kubetsera vavhoti kusiyanisa kunzvera kunobva mukunzvera kwapamutemo:

  • Nhaka yemirangariro mibvunzo yakaiswa[[FLT: 1]: Nzvero dzechokwadi dzinoshandisa mutauro usingatori rutivi. Kuvhota kwokumanikidza kunowanzobvunza mibvunzo inoda mashoko akaipa pamusoro pomubhadhari.
  • Rack of revorder: Muvhozhokeri wapamutemo achaziva zvakashata sangano rinotsigira ndokutsanangura kuti danidzo yacho ndeyezvinangwa zvokunzvera. Kuvhota kwokumanikidza kazhinji kazhinji hakuwanzovi nemhetembo dzakadaro.
  • Nzvero pfupi zvikuru: Nzvero dzakawanda dzinobatanidza bedzi mibvunzo imwe kana kuti miviri yakatakurwa, nepo nzvero chaidzo dzine mibvunzo gumi nemiviri kana kuti mizhinji inofukidza misoro mizhinji.
  • Hamuna uwandu hwezviverengero kana kuti mibvunzo inoteverwa [[FLT: 1]: Nzvero dzapamutemo dzinounganidza mashoko evagari vemo kumhinduro dzouremu. Kunzverwa kwokumanikidza kunonzvenga nhano iyi nemhaka yokuti havadi kuyera murangariro wavanhu.
  • runhare kana kuti zvinyorwa zvapakuvamba : Nepo dzimwe nzvero chaidzoidzo dzinoshandisa gadziriro dzinoshanda nemotokari, kuvhota kuzhinji kunoitiswa kupfurikidza netsoropodzi nemhaka yemutengo wakaderera.

Kana muvhoti akanyumwira akagamuchira nzvero inomanikidzirwa, vanofanira kuturika ndokushuma nhamba kuzviremera zvehurumende zvesarudzo kana kuti Federal Trade Commission. Vanogonawo kugoverana ruzivo rwavo nezvinobudisa nhau zvomunzvimbomo, vachigovera nguvastamp uye, kana kuchibvira, kunyorwa kwedanidzo (mudzoro kumitemo yokubvuma kwehurumende). Kupfurikidza nokuwedzera kuoneka kwavanhu kweiyi miitiro, vavhoti vanogona kubetsera kuita nhimbe.

Miitiro Yakanakisisa Yenhimbe Nezvinobudisa Nhau Zvinofambira Mberi

Kuvandudza kuoneka pamusoro pokunzverwa kuchada chinjo dzakatsinhirana mumufambiro wenhimbe, kushuma kwezvinobudisa nhau, uye muitiro wavose. zvinotevera zvinogona kubetsera kuderedza miuyo inokuvadza yeiyi nzira nepo zvichichengeta perero yesarudzo yehurumende yehurumende.

Mipimo Yokuona Zviri Nani Nokuzvidira Nokuda Kwenhimbe

Zvirongwa zvinoshuva kushandisa tsika zvinofanira kugamuchira nhungamiro dzomukati dzakajeka: Usatongoshandisa kutaura kwokutungamirira kana kuti kwenhema sorutivi rwenzvero ipi neipi; nguva dzose ziva sangano rinotsigira; uye govera mutoo nokuda kwavapinduri kuti vasaedze runhare rwomunguva yemberi. Vanachipangamazano vezvamatongerwe enyika vanogonazve kuratidzira kutendeseka kupfurikidza nokusaina mupimo wetsika yakafanana nouyo waAPOR. Kunyange zvazvo nhano dzokuzvidira dzinogona kusianisa nhimbe mumunda unotsvikinyidzana uye kuvaka chivimbo chenguva refu navovhotera.

Mitezo yeSangano reZvenhau

Mapepanhau anogona kuronga kuongorora kwavo nokuvhura nokushanda pamwe chete nevatsvakurudzi vedzidzo kana kuti magirabhu asingaongorori se ANNCER Public Policy Center. Kuongorora kwakatsaurwa kana kuti nzvimbo yewebhu apo vavhotera vanogona kushuma runhare rwokunyumwira kuti kungagadzira purojeti iyo vatori venhau navanzveri vanogona kuongorora. Mapepanhau anogonawo kushandisa “kuziva kwokunzvera” zvikamu mukati memitezo yesarudzo, zvinobudisa mienzaniso netsinhiro yenyanzvi. Uku kumhanya kwapamhevedza kwapamhevedza kwapamhetezo dzepamusoro uye kuzivisa zviitiko zvavose munguva chaiyoiyo.

Kuchinja Kwemitemo uye Kunodzora

Vatongi pazvose zviri zviviri mwero yehurumende neyomubatanidzwa vanofanira kuvhara zvisakafanira zviripo. Zvinodikanwa zvakasimba zvokuzivisa zvakadai sokubatanidza kuti shanyo dzose dzezvamatongerwe enyika dzinobatanidza zita renhimbe inotsigirwa kana kuti PC() zvingaita kuti kuve nyore zvikuru kuisa kuvhotera kumibato yavanhu chaivo. Mitemo yefashoni, kubatanidza faindi nokuda kwokusawirirana. FEC ingagona kudzora kuti miitiro yakati yokunzvera igova mipiro mumativi ose, ichinyandura misengwaro yokushuma. Nepo chinjo dzakadaro dzingatarisana nedenho dzamabumbiro emitemo yapamutemo yakavakirwa pakutaura kwapachena, idzo dzinowira mukati ganhuriro dzegadziriro yemibato yemari inobvumirwa.

Mugumisiro: Nzira Yokuva Ane Mutoro Mukuru

Kujeka pamusoro pokunzverwa kwenhambo refu inoramba iri nhau yakaoma uye isina kugadziriswa yezvose zviri zviviri nhimbe nezvinobudisa nhau. Muitiro unopfuurira nemhaka yokuti unoshanda: unogona kupesvedzera vavhoti vasina kurongwa, kusimbisa mirangariro yakaipa, uye kushanda pasi peradar yenzvero. Zvisinei, ndyiko yazvo yenhambo refu itsoropodzo inopanikira zvikuru uye inoziviswa. Sezvo vavhoti vanova vapfuudzira mari yakawanda namasangano enhau anoisa muungwaru, betsero dzokukwidziridza kugona kuvhota dzingaderera. Nzira iri mberi inoda nhimbe dzokugamuchira mipimo yetsika yetsika, zvitengo zvinopfuudzira kushanda semipimo yetsika inodzo, uye gadziriro yokuvhara zvinhu zvokuvharira kuti vasarudze. Pakupedzisira, masangano anojekerwa anojekerwa anoona mhoteredzo yapachena anowana chivimbo pamaidi uye panzvimbo pokunyengera.