Sumo

Masangano enzanga akachinja zvikuru nzira iyo vanhu vanotora nayo mashoko uye vanobatana nayo negadziriro yezvamatongerwe enyika. Navanopfuura mabhiriyoni 4,7 vanoshandisa venzanga yenhau munyika yose somuna 2023, aya maburiro haasati achirizve zvishandisowo zvawo zvezvigaro zvomunhu oga zvenhau nezvinovhota. Mano okugoverana mashoko nokukurumidza, chiverengero chavanhu chakananga, uye gadziriro dzenzanga dzinosimudzira nzanga akaita rutivi rukuru rwenhimberi dzezvirongwa zvenzanga zvazvino uno. Nyaya ino inonzvera basa renzanga renzanga mukuvhotera, kunzvera kushanda kwaro, denho dzaro, uye unyanzvi hunogona kushandisa kudzora simba rayo.

Kunzwisisa Kumanikidzwa Kwezvikwata Zvejeri

Kuunganidza kwoutsi kunobatanidza mibato yakaitirwa kuwedzera muvhoti nokutora rutivi kwezvamatongerwe enyika. Kuedza kwokuunganidza kwakatsamira pakunangidzira suo pasuo, kubhangisa runhare, tsamba dzakananga, uye zvinoitika zvenzanga. Iyi mitoo, nepo yaishanda, yakanga iri yebasa rakawanda uye yakaganhurirwa. Kusvika kwekurukurirano yemifungo kwakabvisa paradigm, kuvamba nzira itsva dzokusvika vavhoti apo vanotopedza rutivi runokosha rwenguva yavo yeh.

Zvikamu zvematerevhizheni zvinopa betsero dzechienzi nokuda kwokuunganidza: ndyiko yakaderera paimwe painosvika, kuparadzirwa kwamashoko nokukurumidza, uye mano okugoverana kwevezera ravo. 2020 Pew Research Center yakawana kuti 69% yeU.S. vakura vanoshandisa Facebook, 40% vanoshandisa Istagram, uye 23% vanoshandisa Twitter, uye zvinobatanidza zvikuru chiverengero chavagari vemo vaduku. Nhamba idzi dzinosimbisa bviro yemibato yokuvhotera kupfurikidza nezviri mukati nechivako chenzanga.

Kuchinja Kubva Pakutambanudzwa Kuchienda Kukuvimbisana

Kusiyana nezvinobudisa nhau zvemagamuchidzanwa, zvinobudisa mashoko kuvateereri vasinganzwi, zvinobudisa nhau zvinokurudzira kukurukurirana kwenzira mbiri. Vatambi vanogona kutsinhira, kugoverana, uye kuita chimwe chinhu, vachitanga pfungwa yokutora rutivi. Kuchinja uku kunoda nhimbe dzokubva pakukurukurirana kwakaderera kusvika pakuvimbisana chaiko, uko kudavidza nokutarisira nzanga kunonetsa. Kubudirira pakubudisa mashoko munzanga hakusi pamusoro pokungoparadzira mashoko(zvinoreva kusimudzira kuvimbana uye kukurukurirana.)

Zvinoitwa Nezvinobudisa Nhau Mune Zvinosarudzwa Nevenzanga

Kuchinja kwemapepanhau nemapepanhau kunooneka mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzinokosha dzakawanda.

Kurukurirano Yakananga

Platforms dzakadai se Twitter (zvino X) naFacebook dzinobvumira vadaviri kutaura zvakananga kuvavhoti pasina mutori wenhau. Uyu mutsetse wakananga wekurukurirano unogonesa vadaviri kufuratira vachengeti vesuo renhau, kugovera mashoko asina kurongwa uye kupindura pakarepo kuvashori kana kuti zvinoitika zvazvino. Somuenzaniso, kushandiswa kwenguva dzose kwaDonald Trump mukati ma2016 na2020 kwakamupa mukoto wakananga kumamiriyoni avatsigiri, zvichimubvumira kugadza mapurogiramu enhau. Zvisinei, uku kururamisa kunounzawo ngozi, dzakadai sokupararira kwezvirevo kana kuti kunyora mashoko asina kudzorwa.

Kushambadza Kwakarongwa

Rimwe ramativi anochinja zvikurusa ezvinobudisa nhau zvenzanga mano okuvhota vatabherwa namavara anoshandiswa zvitsamakurusa zvechiverengero chavagari vemo, tsika, uye mashoko endangariro. Mibato inogona kutumira kushambadza kumapoka akati . yakadai savanamai vomumahotera, vadzidzi vekoreji, kana kuti varuwa nemiraudzo yetsika dzakagadzirirwa kuzivisa zvinhu zvinokosha. 2020 yakabudisa mashoko echikamu chimwe nechimwe chePultal Commugational Science[FLT:] yakawana kuti kushambadza kudukudukuduku kwapa. Pasinei zvapo nokunzvera kwakawedzera, kunoramba kushambadzira kwezvamatongerwe enyika kunoramba kuri ibwe rekona rezvirongwa zvemichina. Kufunda 2020 kwakabudiswa mu [[FLT:] Coutational Social Science Science [FLct1] yakawana kuti kukwirane mapepa mabhineti adzo anogona kuwedzera kukwira kupfurikidza na5 muzana agara.

Zvinetso Zvikuru

Kushandiswa kwemaSayenzi kwemaSayenzi anogona kuparira vhidhiyo imwe, meme, kana kuti kutumira kumamiriyoni emirangariro mukati mamaawa. Zvikamu zvamabhii zvinogona kuumba murangariro wavanhu, kusimudzira kuziva nhau, uye kukurudzira vatsigiri nokukurumidza zvikuru. Somuenzaniso, “Ice Bucket Challenget . nokuda kwokuziva ALS, nepo kusiri kwezvamatongerwe enyika, kwakaratidzira kugona kwemari nokuziva kwemasangano outachiona. Mumatongerwe enyika, miromo yevhairasi yakafanana neBerner’s, inodzosai yemiteme kubva pakutsauriro ye 2021 kana kuti Ocasio-Corez ye “AC inotamba pakati pedu". Kuratidzira kuti masangano etsika anogona sei kubetsera vanhu uye kuvhotera. Zvino zvino zviripo nokuda kwokugoverana, kufadza, uye kupfumisa mirangariro.

Nguva Chaiyoiyo Inovakwa uye Inotambudza Kukurukurirana

Munhambo dzesarudzo, nhevedzano yenhau inokurumidza. Nhimbe dzenzanga dzinogonesa kuita chimwe chinhu nokukurumidza kuzvinoitika. Zvingaruramisa kushata, kupindura chitsotsi, kana kuti kuisa mari mugaffe. Sarudzo 2020 yeU.S. yakaita nhimbe dzinoshandisa Twitter kuti iite chiito kunhambo dzekurukurirano, kubudisa mashoko mukati maminiti, uye kuronga mapoka emhinduro dzinokurumidza. Iri simba renguva chaiyo rinoita kuti irambe iri yakafanira asi rinowedzerawo dzvinyiriro yokuva nguva dzose “pa,” kukwidza ngozi dzekurukurirano kana kuti dzinorangarirwa zvisina kufanira.

Kuongorora Kuitika Kwezvinobudisa Nhau

Kuongorora sarudzo dzakananga kunoratidza kuti zvinobudisa nhau zvakashandiswa sei kukurudzira vavhoti mumashoko akasiyana - siyana.

2016 Sarudzo yePrezidhendi weUnited States

Nhimbe yesocionation yakanga iri chisakiso chikuru mukuunganidza vaduku navavhoti venguva yokutanga. Platforms seSnapchat (iyo yakatanga “Snap to Vote” mativi ayo) uye Instagram yakashanda zvikuru. PaInstagram, Hillary Clinton yakaita nhimbe yekupesvedzera kukuru kwechirongwa chetsika, nepo nhimbe yaDonald Trump yakatsamira pamishumo yevhairasi neFacebook. Mukuwirirana ne 201818 PEPWELC, 4% yeU.S. vakuru vakati vakadzidza pamusoro pesarudzo kupfurikidza nezvinobudisa nhau zvenzanga [[FLT]]. Kushandiswa kwaFacebook nokuda kwokuronga zviitiko zvomunzvimbomo uye kugoverana kwapapunicha. Zvisinei, chikamu chimwe chete chakabetsera kubatanidzwa mukutora rutivi rwepanyuko paInda yema paInda yemaP.[FT]

2018 Kusarudza Kunoita U.S.

Misi ye2018 yakawana kuwedzera kwevavhoti pakati pavanhu vaduku navakadzi, vachikurudzirwa murutivi nokuronga kwesomupedzi. Grassroots masangano akadai se # MeToo naMarch nokuda kweUnifour anoshandiswa mapoka eFacebook, Twitter hashtags, uye nhau dzeInstagram kutsinhiranisa zvinoitika, kugoverana zvinyorwa, uye kunyoresa. “Makadzi anoshandisa vadaviri vezvisakiso zvenzanga uye vazvipiri vakashandisa vavhoteranisi, kuparadzira mashoko okuvhotera, uye kugoverana nhau dzinofumura. Fundo yakaitwa ne National Evolution Studies yakawana kuti kushandiswa kwenzanga kwakanga kuri kwakananga nokuvhota, zvikurukuru pakati pe189-199, avo vakawana kuti vawanewezve.

2020 Kusarudzwa kwaPurezidhendi weUnited States

Sarudzo 2020 yakanga iri nguva yakabviswa nokuda kwezviziviso zvenzanga nevhoti. Nedenda reCOVID rinoganhurira nhimbe yegamuchidzanwa, vada kutendeukira kuzviteshi zvemitemo sezvishandiso zvikuru. Nhimbe yaJoe Biden yakaitwa muFacebook naYouTube, achinangidzira nyika dzehondo nezviziviso zvinogadzirirwa. Tik Tok yakaoneka sechikuva chikuru chokusvika Chizvarwa cheZ. App’s algamet translamism iri muvhation, navasiki vachikurudzira vateveri kuvhota, vachitsanangura miitiro yeposi, uye kubvisa mashoko enhema. Mukuwirirana ne [FLTL:] Reuters [1], kunyange vashandisi vakataura nenzira inobudirira kuti vadzoregiote nezvinotemwanwa navanodzokerwa kupfurikidza nokudzosera mativi enhau dzenzanga dzenzanga kuti vashandisewose. Mativi aProception anenge anodzokese.

Matambudziko Okuzvibudisa Munzanga Mumhosho Yemajee

Pasinei nokuti zvinobatsira, zvinobudisa nhau zvinopa zvipingamupinyi zvikuru pakuunganidza zvakanaka uye zvinobudirira.

Kusazivisa uye Kusaziva

Kupararira kunokurumidza kwamashoko enhema kana kuti anotsausa kunoramba kuri chinetso chikurusa. Mukati mesarudzo 2020, kutaura kwenhema pamusoro poruvhoti, kuvimbika kweposi, uye utano hwechitsaro zvakaparadzirwa zvakafara paFacebook naTutter. 2020 fundo ne Kennedy School Misproduce Review inofungidzirwa kuti kuva netapuriro kuvhotera mashoko ane chokuita nenhema akaderedzwa ne2 /4 muzana yezvikamu zvakateshinanwa pakati pedzimwe nhamba. Zviteshi zvamagaro zvenzanga zvakatanga kushandisa idi rediation, kusimu rinoregeredzwa redia rezvo, uye kubvisa nhau idzo dzinoparadzira nhema. Zvisinei, rudzi rwakaisvonaka rwezvikamu zvakabatanidzwa zvinoiswa mukushandisa zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa zvinoita zvakaoma kubvisa chose chose chose.

Dare Rokunyora Mabhii uye Kuchinja

Kugadzirwa kwemitemorimu kunowanzoparira magwenya okuchekerera, uko vanoshandisa vanoona zviri mukati zvinosimbisa zvitendero zvavo zviripo. Iyi ganhuriro kuratidzirwa kumirangariro yakasiana- siyana uye inogona kukudza mamiriro enyika. Nokuda kwokuunganidza, makamuri okunanga anogona kuva asingabetseri , nepo vachipa vatsigiri, vanokundikana kunyengetedza vavhoti vakasiiwa kana kuti kukurudzira kukurukurirana kwapamhene. Kufunda 2019 mu [FLT: 0] Science[ kwakawana kuti kuderedza kuratidzirwa kwokuchinjika kwenhau paFacebook kuderedza kupfuudza kwezvamatongerwe enyika kupfupikisa kupfupikisa zivo yezvamatongerwe enyika. Zvirongwa zvokutsvaka kuputsanyarara nokugadzira zvinhu zvinotemesa mifaunzi inopfuure kupfurikidza nokubudisa mashoko zviri pakati nezvinodzikira kupfurikidza nokuzvimirira.

Kuparadzana Kwemadhigirii

Havasi vaAmerica vose vane kusvika kwakaenzana kwenhepfenyuro dzenzanga kana kuti Internet. Nharaunda dzomumaruwa, dzimba dzinowana mari shoma, uye vanhu vakura vangava nechero shoma, zvishandiso, kana kuti kunyora mashoko etsika. Mukuwirirana ne Pew Research Center[, 25% yeU. vakuru vane mari dzinotambirwa pamusha pagore pasi pe $30 000 havashandisi Internet. Iyi nhambo yemichina inoreva kuti kutsamira bedzi pazvinobudisa mashoko zvenzanga zvinodzivisa vanhu kukuvadziko dzinovadziko dzinovadziko inowirirana nemitoo yapamhene yokubhangi, matsamba, uye masangano anoshanda naaya masangano.

Kuva Woga uye Kuchengeteka Kwemashoko

Kubudirira kwokushambadzira kwakarongwa kunotsamira pakuunganidzwa kwezvitsama zvikuru zvemashoko omunhu oga. Ikoku kunomutsa itiro hanya dzetsika pamusoro pokubvuma, kuongorora, uye bviro yokushandisa zvisina kufanira mashoko. Chisakarurama cheCambridge Analytica chakazivisa kuti mashoko emunhu oga akashandiswa sei kuvaka rondedzero dzendangariro dzokushambadzira kwezvamatongerwe enyika pasina mvumo yakajeka yavashandisi. Mumhinduro, zvikuvadziko zvakafanana naFacebook zvine mashoko akadzika mifungo uye zvinoda kujeka zvikuru nokuda kwokushambadza kwezvamatongerwe enyika. Zvisinei, mutevedzeri webhizimisi wekushambadza kushambadza kunopfuurira kunopfuurira kumutsa mibvunzo yakavanzika. Mibato inofanira kuva nechokwadi chokuti mashandiro avo anowirirana nemirando yakafanana neGDPR uye anochengeta chivimbo.

Zvirongwa Zvokuva Muboka Rinobudirira Rezvinobudisa Nhau

Kuti zviwedzere simba rezvinobudisa nhau pavhoti, nhimbe dzinofanira kushandisa nzira dzinobva pauchapupu dzinoita kuti munhu akwanise kuita zvakanaka asi achideredza ngozi.

Itai Kuti Muve Nezvamunogoverana

Chinoshuviwa icho chinonyandura kuita kwakasimba kwemirangariro(8; tariro, hasha, katyamadzo) inobvira zvikuru kugovera. Misangano inofanira kuparira muvhenganiswa wemifananidzo yemishumo yemishumo (sezvirevo, nguva dzokuvhota, nzvimbo dzokuda kuteverwa), nhau dzomunhu oga dzinobva kuvatsigiri, uye seri kwezvisakiso zvinobatanidza kuti munhu ashande. Vhidhiyo yechimiro chiduku, zvikurukuru paTik Tok naInstagrams, kunze kwemifananidzo yakananga mukusvika nokuvimbisana. Nzira inobetsera kushandisa “nguva yemberi." inobetsera kuisa chisarudzo kurangarira kuti kutapura kwakananga kunoitwa namavhotirwere pamusoro penhau, zvakadai sezvikwereti zvevadzidzi, kuvatarisi, mamiriro outano, kana kuti kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze.

Nhimbe Dzokupindira Nokutora Rutivi

Manyuko enzanga anowirirana nechaunga. Makambani haafaniri kungoshambadzira chete asiwo kukoka kutora rutivi. Pols, maxzes (mutoo, “Inhaui inokosha zvikurusa kwauri?”), uye madunhunhunhu (MaInstatter Live, Twitter Spaces, kana kuti Facebook Live) anopa vavhotisi chibvumikiso chenzanga chokuti munhu aripo. Kukurudzira mashoko akaiswa mubato akafanana neanokumbira vatsigiri kugoverana chikonzero nei ivo vavhotera nehash·amplamplence nosvika uye vanovaka nzanga. Somuenzaniso, #Ivotted Commentart Commentart paInstages chibvumikiso chenzanga chokuti kuvhota.

Kubatana Nevatungamiriri Vevanhu Nevatungamiriri Venzanga

Vane simba − vose vari vaviri vezvamatongerwe enyika nevezvamatongerwe enyika — vangagona kuendesa shoko renhimbe kuvateereri avo vanorangarira nenzira yegamuchidzanwa kushambadza nokupanikira. 2021 fundo inobva University of Pittsburgh yakawana kuti vateveri vevakupesvedzera vasiri vezvamatongerwe enyika vakanga vane bviro huru yokupinda nezviri mukati mezvamatongerwe enyika apo vaigoverana nomupurisa iyeyo, zvichienzaniswa nezviri munhoroondo yapamutemo yomutevedzeri. Masangano anofanira kuzivisa vatevedzeri vanowirirana nemipimo yavo, anovagovera mapfundo akajeka nerusununguko rwokutaura norusununguko rwokugadzira zvinhu, uye kutevera kuita kweyayaya.

Kuvaka Nokurera Nzanga DzapaIndaneti

Mapoka eFacebook, vashandisi veDhaird, uye maDhairddit anobvumira kufanana navavhoti vanofungisisa kuronga, kugoverana mashoko, uye kutsigirana. Nzanga idzi dzinogona kuva nzvimbo dzokunyoresa, kuronga zviitiko, uye nhamburiko dzesarudzo. Bernie Sanders 2016 na2020 dzakaratidzira izvi, namapoka akatsaurirwa sa “Bernie Sanderers’s Publications" kuronga mabhangi efoni neaibhengi. Kutsigira idzi nzanga, nhimberi dzinofanira kugadza macoun, dzichengetedzere teki-ins, uye kugovera kugadziriswa kwadzosesa kana kuti zvirimo.

Ita Kuti Zvinobudisa Nhau Zvenzanga Zvive Nezvaunoita Usiri Panze

Kuvimbisana pakombiyuta kunofanira kushandurira kutora rutivi chairwoirwo. Mikairo inofanira kubatanidza danidzo dzakajeka kuchiito: masangano okunyoresa kuvhota, kuwana nzvimbo dzokukumbira tsamba, kana kuti kusaina nokuda kwamajana okubhangi runhare. Masuturo akadai se “Man’a" anofanira kubvumira vatsigiri kubatira pamwe kuti vadzokere pamisangano uye vazvipiri, kuchinja fariro dzemichina kuva nhambo yokuvhota. Kuedza kwa2019 mu Journal of Expastical Science[ kwakaratidza kuti kugamuchira chiyeuchidzo cheFacebook nechirongwa chokuvhotera chakawedzerwa nechikamu chinopfupikisa nokuwedzera.

mhedziso

Masangano anoshandira magariro avanhu akachinja nenzira yakajeka nzira iyo vavhoti vanodzidza nayo pamusoro pesarudzo, vanobatana, uye vanosarudza kutora rutivi. Mano avo okuita kuti kurukurirano yakananga ive nyore, kutumira mashoko kuduku, uye mashoko okuwedzera akaita kuti ive injini ine simba yokuvhotera. Zvisinei, mativi mamwe chete anogonesa kuita kuti vavhoti vasvike uye vanyore wirirane kuti vavewo njodzi: kubvisa, kubvisa, kubvisa, uye kubvisa zvakavanzika. Mibato inoshanda inoshanda inoita kuti ive itsigire nzanga kwete sechinhu chinoumba, asi sechinhu chimwe chedzidzo huru, yakabatana. Nokubatanidza miitiro yetsika uye kubuda panzvimbo yepamberi, nhizha dzinogona kuumba izvi kuti dzivake dzidzo huru uye kugadzira vavhotera. Sezvipfuurira ruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu kuti ukama hwenzanga hudzore, ukama hwenzanga nedzero hwenzanga hurambe huchivapo.