Mumakore gumi apfuura, nzvimbo dzomumaguta muUnited Kingdom dzazova nzvimbo dzapakuvamba dzokugara nokuda kwavapoteri navatami vanotsvaka chengeteko, banza, uye mavambo matsva. Kuiswa kwevasviki vatsva mumaguta kunoisa dzvinyiriro dzechienzi panzvimbo dzemhoteredzo dzomunzvimbomo, dzimba, uye mabasa avose. Mumhinduro, vanameya navakuru vakuru vakabatanidzwa vari kufambira mberi nekwakajeka, zvigadzikiso zvezvisingasviki pamutemo zvenyika. Nyaya ino inonzvera kuti vaMameya vari kupedza sei zvinodikanwa zvavapoteri navatami vari mumaguta, zvinetso zvavanotarisana nazvo, uye gadziriro itsva dziri kudzokorodza kubatanidzwazve kweguta.

Kuchinja - chinja Kwekutama Mumaguta eUK

Vapoteri veUK uye vatami vakakura zvikuru chifo cha2010, vachisundwa nerwisano muSyria, Afghanistan, Ukraine, uye misi ichangobva kupfuura iyi zvikuru nokutama kwemamiriro okunze kunowirirana nemamiriro okunze kubva muAfrica neMiddle East. Mukuwirirana ne Migration Observatory[, vanenge 40% vagari vose vokumwe vakaberekerwa muUK vanogara muLondon, namasumbu makuru muBiroundingham, Manchester, Leicester, uye Glasgow. Uku kuisa vanhu mumaguta kunoreva kuti kazhinji inzvimbo yokutanga yeonano yeminamato, tsigiro yedzimba, uye kubetsera kwenzanga.

Chirongwa cheHofisi yeHome, icho chinoisa vatsvaki veutiziro kumatunhu ari munyika kuti vasunungure dzvinyiriro paLondon neSouth East, chakaparadzirazve mutoro. Maguta akadai seCardiff, Liverpool, uye Sheffield zvino ane nhamba huru dzevapoteri mugadziriro dzakasiyana- siyana dzekugara. Bva muitiro wenzvimbo yenzvimbo yenzvimbo yenzvimbo unowanzoderera seri kwezvinenge zviri kuitika zvomunzvimbomo, uchisiya vanameya kuti vazadze miganhu mukuwana zvoutano, tsigiro yebasa, uye nzanga.

Zvinetso Zvemacore Zvinotarisana Nevapoteri Nevanotama Mumagariro Emataundi

Tisati taongorora kuronga kwemameya, zvinokosha kunzwisisa zvipingamupinyi chaizvo zvinosangana nevapoteri nevanobva kune dzimwe nyika pavanongosvika mumaguta eUK.

  • Mhinganidzo dzorurimi: Kushaikwa kwounyanzvi hweChirungu kunoramba kuri chinetso chimwe chikurusa kukuwana mabasa, kuwana basa, uye kuvakisa masangano okushandirana. Kunyange vapoteri vane mamiriro ezvinhu ekare ebasa vangatambura nechiNgezi cheminda yavo.
  • Kusachengeteka: Misika yokurenda yapachivande mumaguta inokwikwidzana zvikuru, uye vagari vazhinji vanozengurira kurenda vapoteri kana kuti vatami vasina nhau yeUK yerenda yekare kana kuti yeguarator. chinguvana kazhinji kazhinji yakatsvikinyidziranwa kana kuti kuderera.
  • [[FT:0] Zvinetso zvokusagona kudzora:[[FT: 1] Vatami kazhinji kazhinji vanotarisana nounyanzvi husingawirirani, kupiwazve zvikwaniriso zvokunze, uye rusaruro rwomushandirwi. Vapoteri kazhinji kazhinji vanonyanyova vanokwaniriswa nokuda kwamabasa avanogona kuchengetedza, kuchitungamirira kukushanda kwakaderera uye dzvinyiriro yemari.
  • Kusvika kwokungwarira: NeHS inogovera ngwariro kuvagari vose, mhinganidzo dzehurumende dzakadai sokubvumikisa kuva anokwanisa kunyoresa, kunyoresa GP, uye kunzwisisa tsika inogona kudzivisa vatami kugamuchira kurapa kwapanguva yakafanira.
  • Kuparadzaniswa: Vatsva kazhinji kazhinji havana mhuri kana kuti masangano enzanga, zvichiita kuti batano ive yakaoma zvikuru. Xenophobia neurudzi, kunyange zvazvo isinganyanyi kupfuura kare, ichiri kuparira mhinganidzo kuva.
  • Utano hwetsinga: vapoteri vazhinji vakatambura kuvadziko, chitambudzo, kana kuti nhambo dzakarebesa dzokusava nechokwadi mukati megadziriro yenzvimbo yehuvanze. Acception kutsigiro yendangariro inotapurika yetsika haiwaniki.

Mupoteri anogara mumusha angafanira kufamba madaro marefu kuti apinde makirasi eChirungu kana kuti nzvimbo dzebasa, achiisa kuoma kwokuwedzera pazviwanikwa zvakatoderera.

Nzira Dzakadzorwa Nevarwi veUK Meya

Mameya eUK anoshanda mukati megadziriro inosiana nenharaunda. Vamwe vane masimba pamusoro pedzimba, zvokufambisa, uye kukura kwemari, nepo vamwe vane pesvedzero huru yesimba rokufananidzira kana kuti rakapfava. Pasinei zvapo neiyi mitemo, vazhinji vakatanga gadziriro dzakajeka dzokutaura nezvezvinodikanwa nevapoteri. Masendi anotevera ano udzame mitoo inotapura zvikurusa.

Gadziriro Dzemitauro Nedzidzo

Vachenjeri vave vachishandiswa mukuronga chiNgezi nokuda kweMitemo yeZvekukurukura. MuGreater Manchester, hofisi yameya yakabatana ne makoliji uye masangano enzanga kugadzira ESOL iyo yakawedzera kuvapo kweboka reboka uye kuiswa mamodura okudzidza paIndaneti. Nenzira yakafanana, Maya weLondon akabudisa “Chirungu chavose”, mari yezviremera zvemocharechi neyamuro kuti zvipedze makirasi akasununguka kana kuti akaderera mumasangano omunzanga, maraibhurari, uye nzvimbo dzokunamatira. Iyi gadziriro inowanzobatanidzwa negadziriro dzokudzidza vana, ichiita kuti dziwanike kuvabereki, zvikurukuru vakadzi vangadzingwa.

Kutsigira Basa Neunyanzvi

Basa ikokubudirira. West Midlands Collegined Authority, muutungamiriri hwameya, yakatanga “Refugee Munisterability Programme” inogovera rimwe ramabasa okurovedza, CV, uye rovedzo yemitemu yebasa muminda yakadai sokuvaka, ungwaru hwezvoutano, uye ruzivo rwemichina yemichina. Programme inoshandawo navashandi pamwe chete kuti vaderedzeredze mirangariro yezvikwanidzo zvemhiri kwamakunze. MuNorth East, meya weNorth yeTyne Collened Auved Auth Authment yasimbisa “Mariccoolection shoo yemist inowirirana nounyanzvi hwevapoteri vemo. Maererano nezvinodiwa newandiva [FFF:0]

Kurapwa Nemashandiro Eutano Hwepfungwa

Vachairi vakashandisawo masimba avo outano hwavanhu vose kuvandudza kusvika kwavo kuutano. Mayor we “Healthy London” akatsigira basa rokubatanidza pfungwa zvikurukuru nokuda kwavapoteri navatsvaki venzvimbo yokupotera, vachipa kurapa kwengozi mumitauro mizhinji. MuBirmingham, dare reguta netsigiro yemeya rakavamba boka routano routano rakazvitsaurira rakazvitsaurira muNHS romunzvimbomo kuderedza nguva dzakamirira kunyoreswa kweGP uye kugovera masuopureji outano mugadziriro dzenzanga. Izvi zvirongwa zvakakomba nemhaka yokuti miitiro youtano yenyika inowanzobata vatami seboka rehomogeon, kufuratira boka routano rakasiana - mitauro netsika zviripo mumaguta.

Kubatanidzwa Munzanga Nokukurukurirana

Kuzviparadzanisa navanhu kunogona kuva kunokuvadza senhamo yokunyama. Majenya akagamuchira nokutsigira zviitiko zvetsika, zvirongwa zvenharaunda zvinogamuchira zvirongwa, uye gadziriro dzokupa mazano vavaenzani. Mayor weBristol akatanga nhimbe ye “Bristol Gamuchiraro”, iyo inokurudzira vagari vemo kuzvipira se“mibato inobereka” nokuda kwemhuri itsva dzinosvika. MuLiverpool, meya akatanga “Guta reSanctuary” chikwata chakachengeteka, kuunza pamwe chete hurumende yomunzvimbomo, mayunivhesiti, uye mapoka okutenda kuti vagamuchire noushamwari kuvapo. Idzi nhamburiko kazhinji kazhinji dzinobatanidzwa nenhimberi dzinorwisana nedzinorwisana neutsotsi uye ruvengo dzinoshuma utsotsi. MuLiverpool, akatanga mhoteredzo yakakotsekana nokuda kwavasviki vatsva.

Vatapi Vomunzvimbomo Vane Ungwaru

Nepo maguta akawanda akaita fambiro mberi, mashomanene akatanhamara nokuda kwenzvero dzawo dzinonzwika, dzinosanofadza, uye dzenzanga. Kunzvera ichi chinoitika kunopa zvidzidzo zvinoshanda nokuda kwedzimwe nharaunda dzomumaguta.

Birmingham: “Programme yeGuta raWako,”

Birmingham, guta rechipiri rakakura zvikurusa reUK, rine nhau refu yokutama. Muna 2019, Mayo weWest Midlands akazivisa “Guta rawachingamidzwa”, mutengo we $$5. mamirioni 2,5 wakaparadzirwa anopfuura makore matatu. Purogiramu inogovera tsigiro yakabatanidza dzimba dzechinguvana mumitemo yedare, makosi makuru eESOL, uye basa rakazvitsaurira. Rutivi rwakatanhamara ndi “Cultal Navigator”, umo vazvipiri vakarovedzwa vanoshanda sezvikamu zvitsva zvemitengi zvokubetsera vasviki vatsva, dzidzo, uye utano. Kunzvera kwokutanga kunoratidza kuti vapindi mugadziriro yepurogiramu yacho vanokwanisa kuzvikwanisa mumwedzi 18, kuenzaniswa neavhareji yevagari vemo vomunyika vatatu.

Manchester: Basa Rinochinja uye Unyanzvi Hwokushandira Pamwe

Muutungamiriri hweGreater Meyarchester, nharaunda yeguta yakatanga “Mabasa anochinja uye Skills internateship” muna 2021. MESP inounganidza 30 vashandirwi vomunzvimbomo, kubatanidza NHS, Siemens, uye Coop, kuti vavimbise bvunzurudzo dzebasa uye kugovera vapoteri. Mubatanidzwa wacho unopawo “unyanzvi hwebasa hwamabanza” mumutsa, kubhadhara, uye basa rokutarisira, zvose zvinoda zvikuru munharaunda yacho. Rubudiriro i “GOOO kundori rebasa, iro rakaisa vapoteri 1 500 kubasa basa mukati mamakore maviri. Hofisi yameya inopa mari inofungidzirwa kuti mamiriyoni 15 gore negore mumitero uye mari yomunzvimbomo.

London: Kutanga Kupinda Muvapoteri

Mayor weLondon’s Refugeed Interation Initive (RII) zvimwe ndiyo gadziriro yenzvimbo yeguta ine shungu zvikurusa muUK. yakatangwa muna 2022, inobatira pamwe mumativi ose 32 kuti igovere mabasa asingachinji. mativi anobatanidza: nzvimbo yepamahotera yepaIndaneti inoiswa panze penzvimbo dzenzvimbo dzezviteshi, dzidzo, uye zviwanikwa zvoutano zvendangariro; utsotsi hweLondon hunovenga zvikuru hunoshuma app; uye “Regee Kitchen” basa renzanga iro rinorovedza vapoteri mukuva vapoteri mumiteshi uye ipapo rinovabatanidza kunzvimbo dzemindariranwa dzezvokudyidzana. RII inonzverawo miitiro yakanakisisa, kubudisa“ Chiteshi cheIntergation" . Rokuronga remari renyika yemirioni inozvidavirira pagore rinotendwa namamirioni anowedzerwa nesangano ramanikidzwa nesangano raHamugodhiro.

Glasgow: Guta Rokushandira Pamwe Mutsvene

Glasgow yave iri guta rinobvisa vatsvaki veutiziro kubvira muna 2000, uye dare reguta rine tsigiro yameya rakakudziridza “Guta reSanctuary”. Purogiramu yacho inosimbisa utano hwendangariro netsigiro yavaenzani, kubatanidza “Sanccuary Café” iyo inogovera zvokudya zvapachena nenzvimbo yenzanga nokuda kwavapoteri. Glasgow yakanyandurawo kuswedera kwa “Kutanga” nokuda kwevapoteri, uko kunotangira kuisa dzimba zechigarire mudzimba dzechinguvana, kuchideredza kusava nemba pakati pavasviki vatsva. Rubudiriro rwemhuri runonzi ruwirirano rune tsinhirano rwakasimba neDare reFokendi dzeruwa rweScotland uye magariro omunzvimbomo, kuratidzira kuti mutungamiriri wemori weboka reboka rezvipopo.

Basa Rinokosha Rezvikwata Zvevanhu

Hakuna meya anogona kukurukura zvinodikanwa zvavapoteri navatami vari voga. Kubatana kunoshanda kunoda kubatana kukuru pakati pehurumende yomunzvimbomo, masangano aisava ehurumende (NGOS), mapoka okutenda, mabhizimisi, uye masangano anopindwa kune dzimwe nyika. Majeya anowanzoshanda sevamanikidzi, kugadzira zvivako zvinobatanidza kuputsanya. Somuenzaniso, West Midlands Drimed Authority Authority yakagadzira “Magatation neIntegration Board" inobatanidza vamiriri veHHS, mayunivhesiti omunzvimbomo, uye vapoteri vapoteri. Iri dare rinosangana pamwe chete namazano okubatanidza zvikamu.

MuNorth West, meya weLiverpool City Region akatsigira kuumbwa kwamapasa enzanga anopa mabasa akabatanidzwa pasi pedenga rimwe. MuToxares, chivako chechikoro chaichimbova zvino chine kirasi yeESOL, kiriniki yezano rapamutemo inoitwa neKitizes Applice, boka rokutamba ravana, uye bhangi rezvokudya. Iri resitorendiro rebhizimisi rinoderedza kudikanwa kwavatami kuti vapinde vapfuure guta kuti vapinde mabasa akasiyana, kuderedza mhinganidzo dzokukwira. British Academy [[FLT:]]

Kutsigira uye Kuchengetedza Zvinetso

Pasinei zvapo nebudiriro, nhanho dzameya dzinowanzotarisana nokusatsiga kwemari. Gadziriro dzeHurumende dzakafanana neRebatever ReReRefibre Accounting Scheme dzinotsigirwa nehurumende yepakati, asi mibato yokubatanidza yomunzvimbomo inotsamira pamipiro mipfupi inobva kuHofisi yeMusha kana kuti mibayiro yomutsa. Vacheri vakadana nokuda kwenhambo refu, mari yokubatanidza yakazvitsaurira inogona kugoverwa nenzira inowirirana nezvinodikanwa zvomunzvimbomo. Vamwe vakaedza nesangano idzva, rakadai sezvisungo zvenzanga, umo vabetseri vebhizimisi vanobhadha vanobhadha maro ebasa uye vanoripirwa nehurumende kana miuyo ikaitwa. Zvisinei, iyi mifanikiso ichiri mitsva muboka yokutama.

Rimwe denho inyanduko pakati pechiremera chemongiri nemitemo yenyika yokubuda. Maya havagoni kuchinja mitemo yevhiza, nguva dzenzvimbo dzehuvanze, kana kuti maruramiro okushanda migariro yavatsvaki venzvimbo youtiziro. Pesvedzero yavo yakaganhurirwa kunzvimbo yomunzvimbomo: zvitsama zvedzimba, mari dzezvokufambisa zvavose, uye chengeteko yenzanga. Bva mitemo yenyika inotapura zvakananga miuyo yenzvimbo yokubatanidza vanhu vomunzvimbomo. Somuenzaniso, varambidzi venzvimbo yechivako vanoshanda vakashorwa zvikuru nameya vanoipikisa vanhu kuva vanobviswa muvumbidzo nebasa risina kurongwa. Vamwe vanameja, saavo vari muLondon neGreater Manchestery, vane kariro dzinoshorwa pachena kupfurikidza nokutsigira mari kupfurikidza nokuramba vatsvaki venzvimbo dzokuvakidzwa, mukusimudzira miganhuro yemigo yokutsvaka zvinangwa zvokubetsera.

Kuyera Simba uye Kutarira Mberi

Kuwedzera budiriro yemifungo yemeya kwakaoma. Mitemo yapakati inobatanidza mwero yebasa, kudzikama kwedzimba, kunzvera mutauro, uye nzanga. Kuziva kubva kuHofisi yeNational Statistics nezviremera zvomunzvimbomo kunokarakadza kuti maguta ane utungamiriri hwehurumende hunoshingaira mukubatanidza anoona kufambira mberi kunokurumidza kukuva anozvimirira. Zvisinei, kugovera kwakaoma nemhaka yokuti zvinhu zvakawanda . Kubva kumigariro yemibato yebasa yomunzvimbomo kumiuyo yenyika yechinjo.

Vanotarira mberi, vanameya vari kugadzirira nokuda kwedenho itsva. Gadziriro yokutsigira zvivako yeUkraine yakaratidza kuti kuita kwekurumidziro kunobvira apo nzanga nehurumende yomunzvimbomo zvinoshanda pamwe chete. Zvidzidzo kubva kunhamburiko iyoyo zviri kushandisirwa kuvagari vemo vanobva Afghanistan, Sudan, uye mamiriro okunze. May vari kuisawo mari muzvishandiso zvemichina, zvakadai semichina yemitauro inobetsera vapoteri kupinda mumibato uye kushuma zvinetso munguva chaiyoiyo. May weWest of England akagadzira mutambo wekurukurirano yekurukurirano yekurukurirano yavose pamusoro pedzimba, kuchengetedzwa kwoutano, uye dzidzo mumitauro mishanu, achideredza mutoro pavashandi vepamberi.

Vaongorori vemiitiro yeUrban pa Institute for Public Policy Research vanotaura kuti maguta marabhoritari omusikirwo okubatanidza. Ukuru hwawo hwemibato, mhatsa yavagari vemo, uye kuiswa kwavashandirwi kuruka migariro yebumbiro remviropuko nokukurumidza nevandudziko. Mayars, nemhaka yokuti anozvidavirira zvakananga kuzvawo uye anodzorwa zvishoma namasangano enyika, anogona kuedza nokusvika uko hurumende huru ingadzivisa. Iri sangano romunzvimbomo rinokosha munharaunda inowanzova inodzorwa negakava rorudzi.

Mugumisiro: Kuvaka Zvechokwadi Misha Yavose Mumataundi

Mameya eUK haasati achingovawo zvavo vadzori vemiitiro yakagadzwa pakati; ivo vagadziri vanoshingaira vokubatanidza. Kupfurikidza negadziriro dzemibatanidzwa yemibato, zvirongwa zvemibato, kufambiswa kwezvoutano, kurongwa kwezvoutano, uye kubatanidzwa kwenzanga, vari kukurukura zvinodikanwa zvikuru zvavapoteri navatami vari mumataundi. Mienzaniso inobva Birmingham, Manchester, London, uye Glasgow inoratidzira kuti apo vanameya vanotungamirira nokuona nebatira pamwe, maguta anova nzvimbo umo vatsva vanogona kuvakazve upenyu hwavo nechiremera nedonzo. Zvisinei, idzi nhamburiko dzinoda kutsigirwa nesimba, kubviswa kwemasimba pamusoro pomutemo wokutama, uye kupfuurira kuwirirana nekurukurirano yenzanga. Nzira inopfuurira mberi iri mumugwagwa kuti kusava chinoitika chimwe asi muitiro unobetsera nzanga yose. Kupfurikidza nokusimudzira vagarika kwavagari vemo vemo vemo vemo vemo nevanotama vadzokerwa mumaguta anosimudzira maguta uye vapfumiteshi yenzanga dzavo vogaro yenzanga.