Kupfuurira kweHurumende Mukati Menhimbe Dzapurezidhendi Nechisarudzo

Nhimbe dzapurezidhendi nasarudzo inhambo dzakakomba dzemubato wezvamatongerwe enyika, asi mibatanidzwa yehurumende haimiriri. Hurumende yeUnited States inoshanda mugadziriro yakarongedzerwa kuvimbisa kupfuurira kwamabasa anokosha pasinei zvapo nekarenda yakasarudzwa. Nepo vanoda kubhapatidzwa vachifamba munyika, muvhoti kuvhota, uye kufukidzwa kwezvinobudisa nhau kunonangidzira padzinza, masangano ehurumende, hurumende, uye zviremera zvomunzvimbomo zvinopfuurira kupa mabasa, mitemo inoteedzerwa, uye kutarisira zvinhu zvavose. Kunzwisisa kuti Hurumende inochengeta sei iri chiyero kunotambudza vagari vemo vanotsamira pamabasa ayo zuva riri rose.

Mitemo yeBumbiro reMitemo nehurumende inogadza mabasa akajeka nokuda kwemapazu evakuru vakuru, emitemo, uye edare mukati memwaka yesarudzo. Purezidhendi anoramba ari muhofisi kusvikira Inaugist Day, uye kabhii, pamwe chete navashandi vehurumende vakawanda, rinopfuurira kushandisa mitemo nokushandisa zvirongwa. Chivako ichi chinodzivisa kusava nesimba uye chinovimbisa kuti kuchengeteka kwerudzi, utano hwavanhu, kugadzikana kwemari, uye kuita kwekurumidziro kunoramba kusingadzoreki. Kupfuurira kwehurumende hakungoerekani; kunotsamira pachirango, pamutemo, uye kurongedziri kwavashandi vehurumende vanoramba vari vogariranwa mumitezo.

Kushanda Kunoita Masangano Anotarisira

Masangano ehurumende akawanda anotevera zvirongwa zvokushanda zvakatangwa zvisati zvaitwa zvinobatanidza nguva dzekusarudza. Somuenzaniso, Department of Homeland Security inopfuurira kuongorora miganhu nokupindura kutyisidziro. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention dzinotanga kupararira kwehosha. Gadziro dzeSocial Security Administration dzinobatsira pakushanda. Masangano aya haamiri nokuti mwaka wesarudzo unorayira kuti vatungamiriri vezvematongerwe enyika vazoshanda. Vashandi vebasa vanonyanya kugadza vanhu /maintainstructions anoshanda zuva nezuva anochengeta hurumende ichishanda zvakanaka.

Masangano Outano Hwavose Nekotsekano

Masangano ezvoutano akadai seNational Institutes of Health and the Food and Drug Administration, anoenderera mberi nebasa ravo rokutungamirira nokutsvakurudza. Pamushandirapamwe wapurezidhendi, FDA ichiri kuongorora kubvumirwa kwezvinodhaka, inoongorora nzvimbo dzezvokudya, uye inopa mvumo. Nenzira yakafanana, Dhipatimendi reVeterans Affairs rinoramba richipa varwi ruzivo rwezvoutano. Mabasa aya anovharwa papurogiramu dzechirongwa nemhaka yokuti anodzorwa nezvinodiwa nemitemo yemitemo yemitemo yemitemo yemitemo yemitemo yemitemo uye mitemo yemitemo isingamiriri mavhoti.

Kumanikidzwa Kuteerera Mutemo Nokuchengeteka Kwenyika

Federal Bureau of Investigation, Secret Service, uye mamwe masangano anotarisira mutemo anoshanda panzvimbo yakazara mukati menhimbe. Secret Service inoshingaira zvikuru zvomenemene, ichigovera dziviriro kuvadaviri vakuru. Department of Justice inomanikidzira mitemo yehurumende youtsotsi uye inobata dare ravagari vemo. Masangano eHurumende, kubatanidza Department of Defense nenzanga yakangwara, anopfuuridzira kuunganidzwa kwouchenjeri namabasa ehondo. Sapurenda, somutungamiriri mukuru wehurumende, anochengeta chiremera chakazara pamusoro pezvisarudzo zvoudzoro zvorudzi munhimberi, kunyange zvazvo nhano huru dzehondo dzichidziviswa kuva pedyo nesarudzodzodzo dzokudzivisa chengeteko yorudzi.

Mabasa Ezvemari Neokuronga

Federal Reserve, sangano rakasununguka, rinochengeta muitiro wemari yehurumende, chikwereti, uye kumanikidza zvirango pasinei zvapo nenhambo yesarudzo. Securence and Exchange Commission inoenderera mberi nokunzvera nokugadza mitemo. Federal Reserve, sangano rakasununguka, rinochengeta muitiro wemari pasina maererano nekarenda yeSarudzo. Kuzvimirira kweFed kunonyanya kuoma nemhaka yokuti zvisarudzo zvemubereko zvinoitwa mukati memwaka wenhimbe zvinogona kuonekwa sezvezvamatongerwe enyika kana zviri pasi pepesvedzero yapurezidhendi. Nomutemo, Fed Anoita basa nomutoo unotsamira pakusimba kwemari.

Kuchengeteka Kwekusarudza uye Mavambo Anoshanda

Masangano akatsaurirwa esangano anodzivirira perero yesarudzo pamwero yehurumende, hurumende, uye yomunzvimbomo.

Commission Dederal Envomho (FEC)

FEC isangano rinozvisarudzira rinotarisira kusimbisa mitemo yezvemari. Kunyange zvazvo FEC yakatarisana nokutsoropodza mipiro, ndyiko, uye kuzivisa kunobva kuvadaidzi, mapati, uye Political Action Committee (PACs). Mukati menhimbe yapurezidhendi, FEC inobudisa mishumo yenguva dzose inobvumira vanhu kunyora mibato yemari inotsigirwa. Kunyange zvazvo FEC yakatarisana netsoropotedzo yemibato yemibato yemibatanidzwa yemari, basa rayo remitemo rinoramba richinetsa. Sangano yacho inonzvera kuputsa ndokuisawo faindi yemikoro pamiitiro yenhimbe. Nepo kuita chirongwa chemari chiri basa remitemo yemibato yemibato inopfuurira kusava nechirongwa chevhoti.

Hurumende Nebhodhi Rezvisarudzo Zvomunzvimbomo

Kutarisirwa chaikoikwo kwesarudzo(---vota kunyoresa, kuvhota, marongedzero, uye kuwanda kwemavhoti (zvinobatwa nevakuru vakuru vehurumende nevomunzvimbomo). Mabhodhi aya anoshanda pasi pemitemo yehurumende uye anowanzotarisirwa navanyori vehurumende kana kuti vasarudzo. Vanokarirwa kuramba vasingatori rutivi mukushanda kwemabasa avo. Mukati memibato, vakuru vakuru ava vakagadzirira nokuda kweEvotion Day kupfurikidza nokuedza zvishandiso zvokuvhota, kurovedza vashandi vanovhota, uye kuvhota. Vanobatawo zvinetso zvepamutemo kumiitiro yesarudzo, kazhinji kacho vanoshanda pasi pemigariro dzakasimba.

Kuchengeteka uye Kudzivirira Kusingachinji (CISA)

Chichirangarirwa tyisidziro yedzokudzongonyedzwa kwokumwe, CHISA inoita basa rinokura mukuchengeteka kwesarudzo. Inogovera pfuma kuhurumende nevomunharaunda kudzivirira gadziriro dzokuvhota uye mawebsite okuvhota kubva kuhvera kombiyuta. CHISA anogoverana ungwaru hwokutyisidzira, mufambiro wokusatapurwa, uye kuronga nhamburiko dzemhinduro. Basa resangano iri rakasimba zvikuru mukati memwedzi yokupedzisira yenhimberi yapurezidhendi, sezvo vashori vokumwe vangaedza kudzongonyedza muitiro wacho. ChiSA ibasa reCISA rinotongedzeka zvikuru uye risingatsigiri, rinonangidzira pakuvimbika kwepfuma pane kudzokororwa.

Department of Justice Mauto Anobetsera Kusarudza

Department of Justice inochengeta Ecomment Traquets Task Force yakatsaurirwa kukurukura tyisidziro dzamasimba masimba muvashandi vesarudzo, vavhoti, uye vakuru vakuru. Inoitawo kuti mitemo yehurumende idzivise kutyisidzira muvhoti nokunyengera. nhamburiko idzi dzinova nechokwadi chokuti mutoo wevhoti haumanikidzwi uye kuti mugari wemo ari wose akakwaniriswa anogona kuvhota pasina kutya. Kubatanidzwa kwaDOJ kunodzorwa nenhungamiro dzorumano dzokudzivisa chitarisiko chipi nechipi chevota.

Kusatora Rutivi Kwezvamatongerwe Enyika Nebasa Romubatanidzwa Wenyika

Vashandi vebazu vakawanda vanorambidzwa kupinda mumibato yezvamatongerwe enyika apo vanenge vari pabasa, muzvivako zvehurumende, kana kuti kushandisa zviwanikwa zvehurumende. Ikoku kunobatanidza kumhanyira hofisi, kukumbira mipiro yezvamatongerwe enyika, kana kuti kupfeka mabhatani enhimbe munzvimbo yebasa. Mukati menhimbe yapurezidhendi, idzi ganhuriro dzinodzorwa zvakasimba kudzivisa hurumende kushandiswa nokuda kwebetsero yezvamatongerwe enyika.

Basa Rinopesana. Vakagadzwa Vezvamatongerwe Enyika

Chikamu chiduku bedzi muzana chavashandi vehurumende ndivo vakagadzwa vezvamatongerwe enyika .zvikurukuru vanenge 4 000 muvanopfuura mamirioni maviri vehurumende. Voruzhinji zvikurusa vashandi vavashandi vehurumende vanoshanda basa vanoshanda pasinei zvapo nokuti ibato ripi rinobata White House. Ava vashandi vanoshanda vanokarirwa kushandisa mitemo inopiwa noutungamiriri hwezvamatongerwe enyika asi kuita kudaro nomutoo wokusatora rutivi, wenyanzvi. Mukati momwaka wenhimbe, musi mukuru unokosha: vasarumbidzwi vezvamatongerwe enyika vangabatanidzwa mumibato yenhimbe panguva yavo vamene, asi vashandi vanoshanda basa kazhinji kazhinji havasi. Uku kuparadzana kunovimbisa kuti mabasa ezuva nezuva rehurumende haasati akaitwa zvombo nokuda kwemhindu inosarudzwa.

Tsika Dzehurumende (OGE)

OGE inotungamirira patsika dzevashandi vebazi vakuru, kusanganisira kusawirirana kwemibereko. Pamushandirapamwe, nhau dzeOGE dzinoyeuchidza vashandi nezvemisengwa yavo. Inotaurawo nezvemari inobva kuvanoda kubhabhatidzwa vari kushanda mumabasa ehurumende, zvakadai sapurezidhendi agere pasi kana kuti mutevedzeri wapurezidhendi anomhanyira kusarudzwazve. Izvi zvinochengeta pachena uye zvinosimbisa chivimbo chavose chokuti zvisarudzo zvehurumende zvinoitwa nokuda kwezvakanaka zvevoruzhinji, kwete nokuda kwechirongwa.

Kutapura Kwenhimbe Pamubato Womutemo Nomutemo

Kunyange zvazvo mabasa ebazu makuru akagadzirirwa kuva akasimba, mubato wemitemo muCongress unowanzoderera mukati mamakore okusarudza kwapurezidhendi. Mitezo yeCongress inotarisana nenhimbe dzayo vamene dzokusarudza, uye basa regamuchidzanwa rokupfura zvikwereti nokutarisira rinogona kukanganiswa.

Nguva Yokubatwa Nemazaya

Nhambo yapashure peSarudzo yaNovember napamberi peInaugtion Day (January 20) inozivikanwa serusando rwedande rinokamhina. Mukati menguva ino, purezidhendi anofamba achiri ane simba, uye Congress inobuda ingasangana. Munhau, marusando akaremara akashandiswa kupfuudza mutemo unofanira kupfuudzwa, kusimbisa vatongi, kana kuti hurukuro dzenhau dzorudzi dzinokurumidzira. Zvisinei, simba rezvamatongerwe enyika rinochinja zvikuru: pesvedzero yapurezidhendi-aget anotanga kuyera kurukurirano, apo kutarisirwa kwapamhengeri kunenge kuchiita kurangarira kwokupedzisira. Kupfuuridzirwa kwehurumende kunochengetwa, asi muitiro kazhinji kazhinji kunova kudzokororwa kwechipfupi kana kuti nhau dzechinjo.

Zvisarudzo Zvemitemo Nemirairidzo Yakarongeka

Mapurezidhendi anobatira nokuda kwekusarudzwazve kana kuti mapurezidhendi akasununguka angaedzwa kupa mirairo yavakuru vakuru kana kuti mirau yokugumisa iyo inosimbisa mirau yavo yapanguva dzose. White House inowanzokurumidzisa kugadza mitemo pamberi pesarudzo kudzivisa kubvira kwokuti utariri hutsva huchazvibvisa. Zvisinei, zviito zvakadaro zvinofanira kuwirirana neAdministrative Procture Act, inoda kungwara kwavose netsinhiro. Iyi miitiro inowanzotora mwedzi, naizvozvo nguva yemira mirevero yokupedzisira inogona kupesvedzerwa nekarenda yenhimberi. Vatsoropo vangapomera kutarisirwa kwokuita mutemo mutezo, asi gadziriro yepamutemo yehurumende ichiri kudzosaidzosaidzo.

Zvirongwa Nezvibvumikiso

Mapurezidhendi anopfuurira kuisa vanhu vamwe navamwe mudare rinotonga rehurumende, vatungamiriri vesangano, uye dzimwe nzvimbo mukati mamakore enhimbe. Dare reDare reDare reVatongi nemamwe matare zvinotonga nokuvhota zvibvumikiso, asi nhanho inowanzoderera sezvo vasarudzo vanosvika nemhaka yokuti vasaruri vanoda kudzivisa vvungeti hwenharo dzingagona kushandiswa mukurwisana navo munhimbe. “Trumond Ruramond” (gamuchidzanwa ramasanga) rinosimbisa kuti Dare harifaniri kusimbisa vamine mibatanidzwa yedare yenhau mumwedzi yokupedzisira yesarudzo yapurezidhendi. Kunyanguvezvo, vasingasongani vatongi vanowanzowana, vachivimbisa kuti masangano ehurumende ane utungamiriri hwavanoda kushanda.

Zvinetso Zvemari Nezvemari

Mari yehurumende haigumisi nemhaka yesarudzo. Hurumende inoshanda mumakore anenge aripo kubvira muna October 1 kusvikira muna September 30. Gore resarudzo rapurezidhendi rinowanzobatanidza gore idzva remifungo yakatanga muna October, pamberi chaipo perusarudzo. Kana Congress isina kupfuudza zvikwereti paOctober 1, kuvharwa kunogona kuitika, uko kwakaitika kanoverengeka mumakore okusarudza (g. 1995, 2013, uye 2018). Kutyisidzira kunowedzera rimwe gore remhatsa, sezvo mapoka ose ari maviri anoshandisa mira kurukurirano kuti ape mifungo yezvamatongerwe enyika. Mabasa makuru anopfuurira kunyange mukati meOctober 1, asi mabasa mazhinji asingako anogona kuitika. Ngongoni dzezvamatongerwe enyika dzekurega mukati nhambo mukati mesarusaru dzinogona kusunda kubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira.

Kushandisa Mari Kwave Kuchitsigirwa Nechisarudzo

Nhimbe dzinoita mari yehurumende inokosha kupfurikidza neHealp America Vote Act (HARVA), inopa mari yokutonga nokuda kwokutarisirwa kwesarudzo nechengeteko. Dare rinowanzokodzera mari yokuwedzera nokuda kwesarudzo uye nokuda kweProstal Service kubata neposi mubharoti. Hurumende yehurumende inofukidzawo ndyiko dzeNational Guard kana yakakumbirwa nehurumende mukati memigariro inotambudza. Iyi mari yemari haisati iri yedare rapamutemo mune zvakafanira, kunyange zvazvo zvitsama negovero zvinogona kukurukurwa.

Kuchinja Simba: Kugadzirira Kutarisira Kunotevera

Kunyange zvazvo kusarudzwa pachako kuri zuva rimwe, kuchinja kwesimba rapurezidhendi muitiro murefu unovamba mwedzi pamberi pezvi. Purezidhendi Pentellition Act ya 1963 inogovera gadziriro nokuda kwokutamisirwa kwakarongwa. Zvirongwa zvokuronga zvinodikanwa kugadzirira gadziriro dzechinjo ndokugovera kupfupi kune vanoda kufunda. Sangano reSangano reMitemo yePurezition (GSA) isangano rinotungamirira nokuda kwetsigiro yokuchinja, kugovera nzvimbo yehofisi, midziyo, uye kusvika kukuisa mashoko anorongwa kamwe chete mudzori weGSA “sarudzoro". Iyi chisarudzo chinowanzoitika nokukurumidza pashure peZuva reEvotion, asi mudanho kana kuti rwisano, inogona kunonotswa.

Kuronga Kuchinja Pamberi Peja

Kubvira muna 2010, vanhu vakawanda vaidiwa vaikwanisa kugamuchira zvinhu zvokuchinja kubva kuGSA kunyange pamberi pekuvhota. GSA inogovera nzvimbo yehofisi uye kuchengeteka nokuda kwemapoka anochinja. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti urongwa hwokuuya kurovanya pasi musi waJanuary 20. Pamushandirapamwe wacho, vanhu vakuru vose vari vaviri vanoenda kupatindiva vanowanzova nezvikwata zvokuchinja zvinhu zvinoshanda sezvinenge zvichidiwa kuti vagadzirwe uye vatange zvirongwa zvemitemo. purogiramu iyi inobvumira kuti hurumende ikwanise kugadzirisa nzira nokukurumidza, ichiita kuti irambe iri munzvimbo dzakaita sedzinochengeteka uye mamiriro ezvoupfumi.

Kutangwa Kwemutemo uye Kutevedzerwa Kwechi20

Chibvumirano chechi20 chinoti January 20 masikati ndiwo mugumo wenguva yapurezidhendi. Kusvikira panguva iyoyo, kuganhurira kunoramba kuri muchiremera chakazara. Uku kujeka kwebumbiro remitemo kunodzivisa musiyano upi noupi mukutonga. Nguva yokuchinja pakati pezuva resarudzo nezuva rokutsaurira ivhiki dzinenge 11, zvichibvumira nguva yokuita basa rakakwana. Kutungamirira kunowedzera kunogovera kupfupikiswa kwevakuru vakuru vehurumende vanouya pakushanda kunopfuurira, kumirira njodzi, uye misengwa. Iyi nzira inoda kudzivirira nyika, apo kunyange kumira kwechinguvana kungagona kushandiswa zvisina kufanira nevashorwa. Kurongwa kwehurumende kunobatanidza mirayiridzo yechiremera uye kukwanisa kuwana mitemo yenyukireya.

Kusarudzwa Kwakaitwa uye Matanho Epamutemo

Kana muuyo wechisarudzo chapurezidhendi ukapokanidzwa, miganhu iripo kupedza nhau yacho. Electoral Count Act ya1887 (yakatumidzwa neElectoral Count Reformation Act ya2022) inogovera miitiro yakajeka yokuverenga mavhoti akasarudzwa uye kupindura. Mitemo yehurumende inodzora kuongorora uye mikwikwidzano yesarudzo. matare eFederal angadanwa kuti adzorere kugadzikiso. Mukati menhambo ino, kutarisirwa kwechirongwa chamasangano anoramba ari muchiremera chapamutemo chakazara, asi inokarirwa kudzivisa chinjo huru dzemitemo idzo dzinogona kuonekwa sokuedza kuvhara mumarusarusa. mauto nenzanga dzehondo dzinochengeta jongwe radzo, dzichimirira kutsunga kwokupedzisira kwomutungamiriri wehurumende anotevera.

Ukama Hwenyika Dzose Munguva Yenhimbe

Gadziriro dzokunze hadzimiriri kusarudza kweAmerica. Hurumende inopfuuridzira kuvimbisana kwemibatanidzwa yezvokutengeserana, kupfuurira, uye kubatana kunoshanda sechinhu chaicho. Zvisinei, vatungamiriri vokumwe navavengi kazhinji kazhinji vanosanocherechedza kutaura kwenhimbe uye vangagadziridza zvirongwa zvavo nenzira inowirirana. Misangano yehurumende yeUnited States yezvemari yehurumende, yakatorwa muMaruwa eBasita reHurumende, inoramba isingatsigiri. Vamiririri vanopfuuridzira basa ravo, kunyange zvazvo dzimwe nhume dzezvamatongerwe enyika dzingarega kana kuti kupa kubvisa kwavo kutevera sarudzo kana purezidhendi mutsva akatsvaka kuvatsiva. Masangano makuru enyika ose, akadai seNato kana kuti Dare reUN, achiripoka.

Kudzora Zvombo Nezvibvumirano

Tsamba dzinoda kubviswa kwedare reSangano hadziwanzopiwa mukati megore rokupedzisira renhambo yapurezidhendi, sezvo mugariro wezvamatongerwe enyika uchiita kuti kushaikwa kuve kusingabviri. Zvibvumirano zveGuru, izvo zvisingadi tendero yeDare, zvingangoshandiswa, asi zvinogona kuchinjwa napurezidhendi anotevera. Ikoku kunoreva kuti misengwa yenhambo refu yamarudzi ose inoratidzika kuva inoderera mukati mamakore okusarudza. Zvisinei, kuita chisarudzo chenjodzi chakakomba chakadai sokugamuchira denho yegandanga kana kuti ngwavaira yomusikirwo kunze kwenyika dzinoramba dzichishanda zvizere.

Mabasa eHurumende yePfuuti

Kana kuvhota kwangoitwa pamutemo uye mukundi asarudzwa, hurumende inochinja kuva nzira yokuchinja. Kutarisira kwechikamu kunopfuurira kunopfuurira kutarisira hurumende, asi simba rayo rezvamatongerwe enyika riri kuderera. Kutarisira kwouya kunotanga kugamuchira mipfupiso ine udzame pamarudzi ose emabasa ehurumende. Zvirongwa zvinogadzirira majekiseni okuchinja uye kutungamirira “majekiseni anoparadza”. Vakuru vakuru vebasa vanoramba vari munzvimbo yavo kuti vave nechokwadi chokuti kupfuurira. Vatongi vezvamatongerwe enyika vachaita mabasa makuru pashure poMusi weInaudition Day, asi hurumende yechigarire yehurumende / / inoenderera mberi kuputsa mitemo inopfuurirwa neDare. Iyi ichiratidzo chehurumende ndecherekedzo yehurumende inotonga nyika. Hurumende haigari munzvimbo yokugadza marusarusaru; inochinjitsa, ichivimbisa kuti michina yomugariro wavanhu vanoshanda pasineiwo kana kuti vakundikane.

Vagari vanogona kuva nechivimbo chokuti mabasa anokosha(kubva kudziviriro yenyika kusvikira kumitero yeSocial Security ) anoramba akatsiga mumuitiro wekuvhota. Gadziriro yacho inovakirwa pahwaro hwemitemo, tsika dzenyanzvi, uye kugadziridzwa kwegadziriro. Kunzwisisa ikoku kunobvumira vavhoti kuisa ngwariro panhau dzacho pasina kunetseka pamusoro pokuputsika. Nhimbe dzapurezidhendi uye sarudzo imuedzo wesimba redemocracy, asi iratidzirwowo yesimba nokupfuurira kwehurumende yeAmerica.