Tsika dzakapfuma dzeIndia uye nhaka dzinova nezviuru zvamakore, kubva pazvivako zvakare nenzvimbo dzezvinocherwa mumatongo kusvikira kunzvimbo dzinorarama tsika, mitauro, uye kuita unyanzvi. Kuchengeta iyi nhaka yakakura kunoda chivako chakasimba chapamutemo, uye Rajiya Sabhaha, seimba yepamusoro yeIndiya, inoita basa rinosiyanisa uye rinopesvedzera mukuumba mitemo inodzivirira tsika dzenyika. Kusafanana neLokhasha, iyo inomirira zvakananga vanhu, Rajiya Sabbaha nharaunda dzinomirira mativi enyika, ichipa mamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana-pakati penyika. Iyi rondedzero inovimbisa kuti mitemo pamusoro petsika inodzivirira mhaka yematuko yemaruwa eIndia, kwete kungokoshesa nyika.

Raje Sabra Inopa Mitemo Yemitemo Munhau Dzetsika

Kubatanidzwa kwaRaje Sabra mutsika nenhaka kwakavakirwa mumasimba ayo ebumbiro remitemo. Senzvimbo inowirirana mugadziriro yemitemo (kunze kwemitengo yemari), kurukurirano yeRaja Sabhaha, kugadziridza, uye kubvumira zvikwereti zvine chokuita nenhau dzetsika. Iyi bhiyarameral inogovera kunzvera kukuru pamifungo yetsika, kuvimbisa kuti mitemo inotapura nhaka isingatapurwi, nzvimbo dzenhau, uye zivo yegamuchidzanwa inogona kuongororwa zvikuru. Rajiya Sabbaha anogona kutanga zvikwereti munzvimbo yetsika, kunyange zvazvo zvisaririra zvakadaro zvichitangira muLok Sab. Pasinei zvapo nemavambo, dare repamberi nenharo dzepamhemhe dzapamhesano, kazhinji kazhinji inovadzadza mano emitemo yetsika, dzidzo yemitezotezo yetsika yapanyuko, uye ruzivo rwekunyora mifananidzo yenhau, uye ruzivo rwetsika dzetsika dzetsika dzetsika dzetsika dzekare.

Mutemo: Kubva Pakutanga Kuenda Kukugadziriswa

Apo mutengo wokuchengetedza wetsika wakadai seAncient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Says (Amendment) Act(Amend) inotangwa muParamende, inofambira matanho akawanda. MuRajiya Sabha, pamutemo unonongedzerwa kudare rakakodzera, rakadai seDare reHuman Recure Development (rinofukidza tsika) kana kuti dare rakasarudzwa. Matare aya anokumbira nyanzvi dzinopa uchapupu kubva kunyanzvi, vanochera matongo, vatsigiri venhaka, uye vamiririri vehurumende. Ipapo dare reRaje Sabhaha rinopa mushumo nerumbidzo. kurukurirano yezvirevo zvapamutemo kupfurikidza nemitezo yemitengo yomunzvimbomo inowanzoratidzira kuwirirana kwenzvimbo. Somuenzaniso, apo anokwikwidza kutsinhirana kuManyuko eArches and Acts, Ranjiyaha yemite yemite yemiteo yemiteo yadzo dzadzo dzomunzvimbomo dzomunzvimbomo, dzinotaura kuti:

Pashure pokunge Rajiya Sabba atendera mutezo, unodzoserwa kuLok Sabba. Kana dzimba mbiri dzisingabvumirani, kugara pamwe kunganzi, kunyange zvazvo ikoku kusingawanzoitwi nokuda kwemitemo yetsika nemhaka yorudzi rwokuchengetedzwa kwenhaka. Simba reRajiya Sabra rokunonozesa nokuchenesa zvikwereti zvinovimbisa kuti hakuna mutemo mukuru wetsika unopfuura pasina kusanorangarirwa kwemipimo yehurumende neruwa.

Mitemo Yetsika Nenhaka Yakaumbwa neRaje Sabha

Mumakumi amakore apfuura, zviito zvinoverengeka zvechiratidzo zvakaitwa kudzivirira nhaka yetsika dzeIndia, Raje Sabha achiita basa rinokosha mukufamba kwavo uye kugadziridzwa kunotevera. Pasi apa pane zvimwe zvinokosha zvikurusa.

Zvinyorwa Zvekare uye Nzvimbo Dzematongo Nezvisaririra Zvezvinhu Zvakacherwa, 1958

Uyu mutemo wenheyo unogovera kuchengetwa kwezviyereso zvekare zvoukoshi hwenyika uye kudzora kuchera matongo. Raje Sabha yave iri purofesa mukusimbisa gadziriro dzayo. Mukati mekurukurirano pamusoro pekugadziriswa kwa 2010, iyo yakatanga nzvimbo ine 100 yemetare yakarambidzwa uye nzvimbo inodzorwa 200 yakapoteredza zvivako zvakadzivirirwa, Rajya Sabba mitezo yakatsigira kutambanudzira izvi zvivindi zvevhu zvakanyanyisa zvakadai seDelhi neAgra. Kuchinja kwacho kwaidawo migumisiro yenhaka nokuda kwezvirongwa zvipi nezvipi nezvipi nezvipi zvenhaka munharaunda inodzorwa muruwa rwakarongwa (ia gadziriro) yakauya pashure pedzvinyiriro inopfuunzwa kubva kutsika yaBha yakabva kuReada. dare reSavyaha raSyaha raisha papepa remitemo inorumbidzwa nokuda kwokupinda mumutemo, iro rakabatanidza mutemo wokupedzisira.

Antiquities and Article Treasures Act, 1972

Ichi chiito chinodzora kutengeswa kwoku kunze kwenyika kwezvinyorwa zvakare nepfuma younyanzvi. Rajiya Sabha yakahwirudzura adzokororazve mutemo uyu kuti upedze kubuda. Muna 2023, kurukurirano yeRaje Sabha Sabha yakasimbisa kuti zvikuva zvepaIndaneti zvakanga zvichishandiswa sei kutengesa mahwendefa asina magwaro akarurama. Mitezo inobva kunyika dzine magamuchidzanwa akapfuma etemberi, zvakadai seTamil Nadu naOdhisha, yakaraira kuti rondedzero ye "kunyora" iwedzere kubatanidza zvikamu zvakati zvezvinhu zvetsika. Zvibereko zvakaguma zvawedzera zvinodikanwa zvokunyoresa nokuda kwevatengesi ndokusimbisa kunzvera kweIndia (ASI) kuti zvishake zvinoshamisa. Rajaya Syaha raisha basa rakakomba kuti mutemo usakudzore mutoro panzvimbo inotongerwa zviri kunze kwepamutemo.

National Mission for Manuscripts (NMM) uye Mutemo Wakafanana

Apo NMM yaitanga iri gadziriro yehurumende, tsigiro yayo yemitemo yakauya kupfurikidza neNational Mission for Manuscripts Act, iyo yapfuura Raja Sabha muna 2021. Imba yapamusoro yakakurukura dikanwo yokuchengetedza upfumi hwamanyoro makuru eIndia, inofungidzirwa kuva zvinhu zvinopfuura mamirioni mashanu mumitauro yakasiana---4. Rajiya Sabhaha mitezo inobva kunyika dzakadai seKerala ne West Bengal yakapikisa kuti basa racho rinofanira kupa ngwariro chaiyo kumipumburu yemichero yemichero yemichero yemichero nezvinyorwa zvebirch, izvo zvinotapurira kukuvadziko yenzvimbo yechadenga. Rajiya Shabbaha yakaisa gadziriro dzemitengo yemitengo yepakati pezvisaro yaidzoro yomugariro wengozi. Iyi dare renyika yehurumende yeSargictic.

Nhaka Yetsika Isingatani Kuwanikwa uye UNESCO Frametic System

India yatendera Nhlangano weUNESCO nokuda kwokuchengetedzwa kweNhengo yeNzvimbo yeChomal mu 2005. Rajiya Sabhaha yakaita kurukurirano dzinoverengeka dzeawa nenharo pamusoro pokushandisa kokorodzano iyi pamwero wenyika. Mitezo yakakumbira gadziriro yapamutemo yakakwana kudzivirira magamuchidzanwa, marekodhi, uye unyanzvi hwegamuchidzanwa husingatakurirwi nedziviriro yenhaka yenhaka. Muna 2019, mutemo wemunhu oga muRajaya Sabhaha yakakarakadza gwaro reNational Intallificial Cultural Heritage Authority. Kunyange zvazvo chirevo chacho chisina kuva mutemo, chakakurudzira Minisitiri weCalture kuti aite gwaro ramabhiri yakatungamirira kukuumbwa kwenhaka yehurumende. Dare reSabyabhaha rakachengeta ngwariro panhau yehurumende.

Federal Dimension: Inomirira Mhatsa Yetsika

Rimwe ramapako eRajiya Sabra anosiyanisa zvikurusa kumutemo wenhaka ndimano awo okumirira mhatsa yetsika dzenyika dzeIndia nenzvimbo dzinobatanidzwa. Nyika imwe neimwe ine nhaka yayo yokutanga yadzo pachayo yakakurumbira.() MuLok Sahashasha, mitezo inomirira macontitue, asi muRajarat, Satras of Assam, Hurumende inobvumira hurumende kunyora tsika dzadzo chaidzo dzokuchengetedza kupfurikidza nenzvimbo dzadzo dzisina kuiswa zita kana kuti vamiririri vakasarudzwa.

Somuenzaniso, apo Nhaka yeNhaka (Devision and Production) Bill yakanga ichikurukurwa muna 2015, Raje Sabha anobva kuNorthernast akapikisa kuti rondedzero yegweta re "nzvimbo yokugara" yakanga yakaoma zvikuru uye yakanga isingabvunzi kuti minda mitsvene nenzanga yakapararira munharaunda yavo. Kupindira kwavo kwakatungamirira kukubatanidzwa kwenhaka ye "community", kuchibvumira matare omunzvimbomo kutarisira nzvimbo dzakati pasina kutora hurumende yakazara. Nenzira yakafanana, vamiririri vanobva kunyika dzomumhenderekedzo dzegungwa vakaomerera kuti kupunzi kuputika nokuparadzwa kwetsika nenhaka yetsika dzepasi pegungwa zviibatanidzwa mukati mevhu ravo reASI, chinjo yakabatanidzwa mugadziriro yegadziriro dzinotevera dzemaSangano dzekare.

Kuongorora Kunoenderana Nehurumende uye Basa reRaje Sabha

Rajiya Sabra inowanzobatira somukoto wokuunza itiro hanya dzenzvimbo yenzvimbo yehurumende. Mukati meawa yemubvunzo, mitezo inomutsa nhau pamusoro pokuvakwa kusiri kwapamutemo pedyo nenzvimbo dzenhaka dzenyika dzakadai seKajuraho kana kuti matongo eHampi. Mushumiri weChorture anofanira kupindura, uye iyi kurukurirano inowanzotungamirira kumatare eparamende kurumbidza mirau mitsva. Muna 2017, dare reRajiya Sabba patsika nerokushanyira nzvimbo dzinorumbidzwa kuti dzigadzirirwe gadziriro dzokutarisira nhaka semugariro wokugamuchira mari yepakati-pakati-$aa . Ikoku kunoratidzira kuti pesvedzero yeRajiya Sabha inopfuura sei kunyora mitemo miitiro yokugadzira nokutarisira.

Zvinetso Mumutemo Wenhaka uye Zvakaitwa naRaje Sabha

Pasinei zvapo nebasa rinovaka raRaje Sabha, muitiro wemitemo unotarisana nezvinetso zvinoramba zvichiitika izvo zvinotapura kunaka uye kushandiswa kwemitemo yenhaka yetsika.

Kusabvumirana Kwezvamatongerwe Enyika Nokunonoka

Mabhiri enhaka yetsika pane dzimwe nguva anobatwa mumoto unopfura. Somuenzaniso, nharo pamusoro peNational Museum of Indian Culture and Heritage Bill dzakamira nokuda kwamarusando maviri nemhaka yokuti mitezo haibvumirani pamusoro pokuti miziyamu inofanira kuva muNew Delhi kana kuti muguta rine fandesheni yakasimba zvikuru yenhaka, zvakadai seKolkata kana kuti Hykrabad. Kudzivisa kwemubatanidzwa wetsika yehurumende kwakabvumira vashori kuvhara kuti vadzore panhau dzakare-kareverwa. Nepo kunonoka kunogona kuvhiringidza, ivo vanomanikidzawo kukurukura kwakafara zvikuru. Munhau yemiyuziyamu, Rajaya Sabhaha yakatungamirira kukunzvera kwehurumende kwenyika yenyika, uko pakupedzisira kwakarumbidza kuparadzirwa mubatanidzwa wemiziyamu yeruwa panzvimbo yenzvimbo yesangano rimwe repakati penyika imwe. Mugumisiro uyu unobatiraworo wokuchengetedzwa zvakanaka kupfuura kuchengetwa kwetsika kwetsika yapakuvamba.

Mikaha Yezvikwata Zvehurumende Nekupwanya

Kunyange apo mitemo inopfuudzwa, kuchengetwa kunowanzova kwapasi. Matare eRaje Sabha akacherekedza kazhinji kazhinji kuperevedza kwenyanzvi dzokuchengetedza, kunonozeka mukuvandudza ndaza yemifananidzo yakadzivirirwa, uye zvirango zvisina kukwana nokuda kwokuputsa. Rajiya Sabha’s Department Stacy Stacy Committee on Transport, Tourism and Culture (icho chinobatanidzawo tsika) yakaita mishumo mizhinji yokukumbira gadziriro ine revoreji dzinooneka yenhaka nemirairo yenguva yakatsikinhanhanha. Muna 2022, dare racho rakacherekedza kuti 4% bedzi yemabhiriyo yemabhiriyo akadzivirirwa nechero apakati peInternational shomes aiva nero yemistries. Rajiya Sabbaha shopus shopu yedare revo rehurumende.

Kudzikamisa Kufambira Mberi Nokuchengetedza

Imwe yenhau dzinokakavadzana zvikurusa mumutemo wenhaka itsika dzakarurama pakati pekukura kweguta nedziviriro. Raje Sabha yave iri nhandare yenharo dzinotyisa pamusoro pemarongedzero enzvimbo dzakadzivirirwa pedyo nenharaunda. Nhau yacho yakauya kumusoro mukati mekurukurirano paNationalpital Territory of Delhi (Zvirongwa zvenhaka) Act, yakabvumira kuvakwa kwakati pedyo nenzvimbo dzenhaka. Rajiya Sabba yakabva munharaunda yeDelhi yave iri nhandare inobudirira nokuda kwenzira inobudirira: kubvumira kugadziriswa kuduku kwedzimba asi kurambidza kugadzirwa kutsva kwezvokutengeserana mu 100 mhalamu. Uku kudzo, kwakasimbiswa mumutemo, kunoratidza kuti shamba dzenhaka dzechishamba dzinogona sei kubudisa muuyo ungagona kubuda mugadziriro yakachena.

Nhungamiro Dzomunguva Yemberi: Kusimbisa Basa Raja Sabha

Sezvo nhaka yetsika yeIndia ichitarisana netyisidziro itsva(-magariro avanhu), kukurumidza kukura, kunyorwa kwezvimiro zvetsika zvemifananidzo nenziyo ne(jee) Raje Sabha inoda kuchinja. Kuchinja kwakawanda kungagona kuwedzera kubudirira kwayo mukuchengetedza nhaka yenyika.

Kutanga Dare Rakamira Patsika Dzenyanzvi

Dare paripo richishanda zvakanaka, Rajiya Sabha aigona kugadzira dare rakazvitsaurira retsika nenhaka, rakaparadzana neshanyi. Dare rakadaro raizova nounyanzvi hunopfuura uye raigona kutanga unyanzvi chaihwo munguva. Ragona kukoka kwete bedzi vabhureaucratates asi kuti vapfumi vamasangano, vagadziri vemapurazi, uye vamiririri venzanga dzemo. Izvi zvaizoratidza muenzaniso weUK House of Lords Khet Committen on the Carated Envity, iyo yakabudisa mishumo inopesvedzera pamusoro pedziviriro yenhaka. Kubva kwaRajiya Sabba yakatoita mwero wakakwirira wemitezo yemabasa, dare renyanzvi ringagona kushandisa unyanzvi ihwohwo zvakananga.

Kutora Rutivi Kunowedzera kweHurumende Nemubati Wemunharaunda

Raje Sabra yaigona kuronga miitiro yokubvunza hurumende dzehurumende namasangano omunzvimbomo isati yapedzisa mutemo upi noupi wenhaka. Kunzvera kwepamberi penhaka kwakarongwa, uko Rajiya Sabra mabharani anokoka zviteshi zvakanyorwa zvinobva kunyika dzose, kwaizova nechokwadi chokuti zivo yomunzvimbomo haifuratirwi. Somuenzaniso, apo inoronga mitemo pasi peAcient Monuments Act, Rajiya Sabha ingagona kuraira kuti madhipatime ezvokuchera matongo ape mirangariro nokuda kwekugadziridzwa kupi nokupi nokupi nokupi nokupi. Ikoku kwaizopa imba yapamusoro basa rakananga zvikuru mumuitiro wokupa, kupfuura kurukurirano youriri.

Ruzivo Rwokugadzira Zvinhu Runonhuhwirira Rwokuona Zvakajeka

Mitemo yakawanda yenhaka inotambura nokusashandiswa zvakanaka nemhaka yokuti ruzhinji haruzivi kuti inzvimbo dzipi dzakadzivirirwa kana kuti mibato ipi inorambidzwa. Raje Sabha ane simba rokurumbidza kuti hurumende iite nzvimbo dzose dzinoshandiswa nevanhu panzvimbo dzapasi dzakadzivirirwa, negeotag nePDHP dzinorekodwa dzezviratidzo zvapamutemo. Dare raRajya Sabha remichina rokudzora rakaita rumbidzo yakadaro muna 2020, asi harina kutoshandiswa zvizere. Kudzokororwazve kwenzvimbo yepamusoro, zvichida kupfurikidza nokudzokororwa kwegore negore, kugona kusunda hurumende kuita chiito.

Kutanga Tsika Yenhaka Inogutsa

Pari zvino, mitemo yenhaka yeIndia yakapararira mumabasa akawanda, mitemo, uye mitemo yenzvimbo yenyika. Rajiya Sabba yaigona kusunda Dare rimwe reNhevedzo reNdoda rinofukidza zvirangaridzo zvetsika chaidzo, kusiana kwenhau, uye nhaka isingachinjiki. Tsika yakadaro ingarerutsira kudzikamisa kutevedzero nemhinganidzo dziripo. Mutezo wemunhu oga wedavi wakatangwa muRajiya Sabba muna 2023 nenhengo inozivikanwa nebasa rake rokuchengetedza nhaka. Nepo rugwaro rwacho rusingapfuudziri kubatira kusimbisa kuputsanya kwemitemo iripo. Munguva inozotevera, Rajaha yaigona kuvaka nzira yokushandisa.

mhedziso

Raje Sabra inopfuura zvikuru nzvimbo yechipiri mumashoko akapoteredza okuchengetedzwa kwetsika nenhaka. Kuumbwa kwayo kwehurumende, miitiro yezvigadziko, uye utariri hwedare zvinoibvumira kupinza mirangariro yenharaunda, kudzivirira fariro dzetsika shoma, uye kugadziridza mutemo kuti uwirirane nemhatsa dzechienzi dzeIndia. Mitemo inotonga yembiri dzekare dzeIndia, dzinorwisana netsika dzekare, uye magamuchidzanwa asinganzwisisiki akaumbwa neave akagadziridzwa (* kupfaviswa kwemiitiro yeimba yapamusoro. Zvinetso zvakadai sokunonoka kwezvamatongerwe enyika nemubaucratic inetrytia zvinosara, asi mano akatanhamara eRaja Syashah okumirira nyika uye anosimudzira kurukurirano inokuita kuti ive nzvimbo inokosha yetsika dzeIndia. Sezv zvichipfuurira kukura, shabhiza ichava basa rechinziyo yogaro rinokosha bedzi, rutivi rwapamberi mberi rweIndia.

[[FLT: 0] Nokuda kwokuravazve pamusoro pemiitiro yemitemo yeIndia nemitemo yenhaka, ona dare Lok Sabha[[FLT:] uye Raja Sabba [[[FLT]]. Magwaro ane chokuita namabasa enhaka anowanika pa khowudi yeIndiya yeIndiya. Mashoko pamusoro penyika inogamuchirwa yetsika dzetsika anogona kuwanikwa pa [FLT] .[FLT] .[10]