Michina Yepesvedzero Yezvinobudisa Nhau Pamutemo Wavanhu

Ukama pakati pezvinobudisa nhau nokudzora ndichimwe chezvinodikanwa zvikuru uye zvine chokuita nezviripo munzanga yedemocracy. Munhambo inorondedzerwa nokuzadzwa kwamashoko, kurongeka kwemitemo, uye kuderera kwechivimbo, kunzwisisa kuti zvinobudisa nhau zvinosanoumba sei gadziriro yavose hachisi chisakiso chedzidzo yedzidzo yedzidzo yedzidzo yesangano redzidzo yesangano rehurumende — ichinodikanwa chinokosha nokuda kwougarikano hunobudirira. Nyaya ino inogovera gadziriro inopa chiremera inobvumirwa kunzvera ukama ihwo, kubvisa mitoo yepesvedzero, kuongorora nzvero dzenhau dzecherekedzo, uye kugovera nzira dzinoshanda dzokufambisa nayo zvinhu zvinoumba mashoko zvakaoma. Nokuda kwavadzidzi, vagadziri vemiitiro, vadzori, vadzoridzi vanovimbisa zviremera, mano okunzwisisa masimba aya anokosha nokuda kwokudzivirira kuvimbika kwomuitiro wokuita muitiro.

Mabhuku eCore Democratic ePress Yakasununguka

Tisati taongorora miitiro chaiyo yokupesvedzera, zvinokosha kutanga mibato yezvinobudisa nhau muhurumende inosarudzwa navanhu.

Mhuka Inorinda Inoramba Yakaoma

Pahwaro hwayo hunokosha zvikurusa, muchina wokubudisa nhau wakasununguka unobatira senzvero pasimba guru. Ruzivo rwokunzvera pepanhau runofumura ushati, tsvina, uye kushandiswa zvisina kufanira kwechiremera izvo zvaizoramba zvakavanzika. Apo Boston Globe] [[; Applixsquo; boka reSeatings reshatisting reshatom system system muChechi yeKaturike, harina kungoshuma chete nhau ye— inonyandura nhevedzano yechinjo, kubva pamiraudzo yeganhuriro yokushuma mitemo inodzo inopfuudza munyika dzakawanda. Pasina iri basa rakatarira, kugadzirwa, kunoitwa nefariro chaiyo, uye isingacherekerwi kuna vanhu vose. Kuderera kwemagazini yomunzvimbomo yomunzvimbomo, zvisinei, kunyange zvazvo kwaita kuti kuvamba; muganhu muudzodzodzodzo dzoudzo dzinodzoka kudzo dzinodzoka zvikuru, dzinodzorwa panzvimbo dzinodzorwa dzoruzhinji.

Muganhu Wenharo

Mitengo yenhau inogovera mavambo ehurukuro yavose. Mifungo yemiitiro haitongoumbiswi zvizere; inofanira kuedzwa, kudenhwa, uye kunatswa mudare romurangariro wavose. Mapepanhau, kurukurirano dzeredhiyo, nhau dzetambo, uye zviteshi zveso namasangano avanhu zvose zvinobatira senzvimbo umo fariro dzinokwikwikwidzana nokuda kwetsigiro. Affordcable Care Act, somuenzaniso, yakakurukurwa kwerinopfuura gore rimwe munzvimbo dzose dzinobvira mumugariro wezvinobudisa nhau isati yapfuudzwa. Nzira iyo kurukurirano idzodzo dzakanga dziri — kana kuti yakanga isiri — yakaumbwa zvakananga mutemo wokupedzisira. Rumbidzo rwakanaka rwemipimo yemipimo yemitengo, somuenzaniso yakabvumira rusununguko rwemari nenzvimbo yavose youtano kana kuti youngwariro yorudzi rwomunhu nomunhu oga oga oga oga oga.

Kutanga Kwemitemo Yakaoma Kunzwisisa

Gadziriro yemiitiro yazvino uno ndeyeunyanzvi zvikuru. Mitemo yemitero, mitemo yemhoteredzo, uye mari yezvoutano hazvinzwisisiki nevagari vemowo zvavo. Media inoshanda sebhandi rokupfuudzira, kushandura mutemo wakaoma kuve wenhau dzinowanika. Zvisinei, shanduro iyi haitongorina chokuita nechekutsigira mutero wecarbon. Chisarudzo chokuisa semutero wecarbon se “ clitempet commentation commentation ” mukupesana newaro yezvemari ye &lquo; chiito chenhau chinova necherekedzo yezvamatongerw enyika. Apo chisarudzo chinoita kuti chitsaure pamusoro pezvisingatsigiri, zvisarudzo izvo zvinopesvedzera zvakananga kana kuti chitsigiridzo chavanhu. Kuparadzira nhau kubva kumitepfeko-mari yematemwa kwapa kombiyuta kwakaita iri bhandero mudzimwe nzira dzinova dzinova dzinova dzinova dzinova nyore zvikuru.

Kupfuura Mashoko: Kushandisa Kwakananga Kunoita Kufurira

Zvinobudisa nhau hazvingotauri bedzi pamusoro pomutemo; zvinoumba nokushingaira migariro umo muitiro unoitwa. Nheyo nhatu dzakasanogadzwa dzinotsanangura iyi pesvedzero.

Kutanga kwaAgenda: Kuziva Zvatinofunga nezvazvo

Yakatanga kuziviswa naMaxwell McCombs naDonald Shaw mufundo yavo ya1979 yesarudzo yapurezidhendi, kuisa zvirongwa zverondedzero kuti projekiti i’ inokurukura zvinhu zvokutanga zvinosarudza zvakananga vaparuzhinji ’ nzwisiso yenhau. Voruzhinji havasati vachingodzidza pamusoro penhau dzinobva kunhau; vanodzidza [[FLT: 0] zvinokosha zvikuru kugovera [[[[FLT: 1]] kunhau idzodzo. Kana nhau dzinopa mifungo huru yokubuda nokusaitira hanya zvoutano, vanhu vachazivisa kutama senzvimbo yokutanga nokuda kwemiitiro, pasinei hapo nedonzo rekurumidziro yakwo. Kunzvera kubva ku [FLD:] Constein paMediast, naProlset paSchinning pa Harvard kuSromeod [3]

Kudzidzisa: Kuchinja Maitiro Atinoita Mitemo

Kuisa idi rendiro inopfuudzira. Haisi pamusoro pezvipi zvinofungwa kuti ndezvechokwadi, asi nenzira iyo zvinoratidzwa. Robert Entman, nyanzvi inotungamirira pakuronga, inoirondedzera seisarudza “ zvimwe zvezvinhu zvinofungwa uye kuzviita kuti ive yakakurumbira murugwaro rwokukurukurirana. ” chiito chokuisa chinetso, chinorondedzera zvisakiso zvacho, uye chinokarakadza mishonga. Rangarira mutero wenzvimbo: vanoinyorazve nenzira inobudirira se “ faxquo; mutero, &lquemo; delquo; jirafitio; muganhu wemitauro ine simba iro rinochinja zvikuru. Nhengedzo muNational Cernalmocreast producque; Desssssciencys progcon; programus program; programam yezvamatongerwam yezvamatongerwe enyika izvo zvinodzo.

Tsika: Kugadza Mipimo Yokunzvera

Kupa mhaka kwakabatana zvikuru nokuronga. Nokupa kufukidzwa kukuru kunhau dzakananga, vatambi venhau vanoyera vatungamiriri vezvamatongerwe enyika vakavakirwa pamaitiro avo panhau idzodzo. Kana zvinobudisa nhau zvakazadzwa nepfuudzo yenjodzi yetsika dzokumwe, vavhoti vachatonga purezidhendi zvikurukuru pamusoro pokubata kwavo nenjodzi iyoyo, kunyange kudai vangadai vakasarudza kuvaongorora paupfumi. Iyi nzira inobvumira varevereri kuti vachinje nenzira inobudirira mitemo yokuzvidavirira kwavo kwezvamatongerwe enyika. Mutungamiriri wehurumende akaneta pavashori vavo ’ nhau yakanakisisa anogona kuedza kushandisa pesvedzero yenhau kuti ikurumidze, nhau yakanaka zvikuru nokuda kwokurangarira pachena. Iri pepanhau renguva dzose kuronga mipimo yezvamatongerwe enyika ndechimwe chinhu chikuru chekurukurirano yezvamatongerwe enyika yazvino uno.

Kuchinja Kwemadhigirii: Vatsigiri Vatsva Nemitemo Mitsva

Kuchinja kubva pakambani inobudisa mashoko, yakabva panzvimbo yaibudiswa zvinhu zvinobudisa mashoko kuenda kunzvimbo yazvinogadzira zvinhu, kwachinja zvikuru simba rezvinobudisa nhau pakudzora zvinhu.

Kuparara Kwevarindi Vemo Nokuwedzera Kwemunhu Mumwe Nomumwe

Kwerizhinjisa rezana ramakore rechi 20, chiverengero chiduku chavapepeti vevhairasi, vagadziri, uye vaparidzi chakashanda savachengeti vegedhi, vachisarudza kuti mashoko api akasvika kuvanhu vose. Internet yakaputsa iyi nzvimbo inogarwa. Nhasi, munhu upi noupi anogona kuva muparidzi, uye kuronga kwamagariro anogona kutanga necherekedzo imwe. Mibato yakadai se # Too uye Upenyu husingadzorwi na Hunovamba mumhetevedzo yemiitiro yemiitiro negadziriro inomanikidzirwa mumiitiro mumibatanidzwa wenyika inodzo. Iyi shatiswa yapiwa nzanga yakachengetenuka uye yakabvumira simba rapamhindiro rehurumende nokuda kwesimba renyika.

Kushandiswa Kwemitemo uye Kuchinja Kunoita Kuti Zvivepo

Masangano ezvokushandira magariro avanhu haasati ari mabudire enyika; anodzorwa namarobhoti akagadzirirwa kusimbisa kuvimbisana. Kugutswa kunonyandura kushatirwa, rutyo, kana kuti kutsamwa kunodzokororwa nenzira iri nani nguva dzose kupfuura zvakajeka, zviri pakati pezvisakiso. Uku fungidziro dzeramende dzinotapura kuisa muganhu wenzvimbo nenzvimbo; apo vagari vemo vanosvika pakuvenga nokusavimba avo vari mubato rinopikisana. Ikoku kunoita kuti muitiro webipartistan uome zvikuru. Mukuwirirana ne Pew Research Center[[FLM:1], , , goverano yavaAmerica vane mirangariro yakashata zvikuru yeboka rinoshora kana kuti kupeta katatu chitsauko cha 1990, muitiro unowirirana nokukwirana kwenhau dzechiteshina. Politeshi yemanyuko, umo percentlatedmists, umo mutmor - productivessssssss.

Kubereka Microorgan: Kunyengetedza Kwomutemo Panzvimbo Imwe Chete

Mitengo yenhau inobvumira kuiswa kwakananga kwemashoko ezvematongerwe enyika. Zvirongwa zvezvirongwa zvezvirongwa zvinogona kuisa vavhoti munhamba dzakamanikana ndokupa mashoko anogadziriswa panhau dzakati dzemitemo. Muvhoti anoshushikana pamusoro pemitero yezvinhu angaona kutsiviwa pamusoro pomutengi ’ rongedzero yomutero, nepo muvhoti anoshushikana pamusoro pemari yechikoro anoona kuti dzidzo yakasiyana zvachose pamusoro pemari inotengwa nomunhu mumwe chete. Iyi miduku inofambiswa inopfuura nzanga yavose, ichiita kuti iomere vezvamatongerwe enyika kuti vasarutsirirwe nokuda kwenzvimbo dzinorongwa dzemitemo. Muprijigariji Analyticata anoratidzira kuti kutenderwa kwemari kugona sei kuratidzwa kwakasiyana zvachose pamusoro pedzidzo yedzidzo kubva kumunhu mumwe chete. Asi muitiro mukuru uyu zvino unoto mukuru unoshanda zvinototo wetsika mubhizimisi mubhizimisi mubhizimisi neadhikitoo rezvamatongerwe enyika.

Zvidzidzo Zvinobva Munhau: Case Studies in Media-Drive Policy

Kuongorora nguva dzakaitika apo zvinobudisa nhau zvakachinja mamiriro ezvinhu kunonyatsoratidza kuti zvinhu izvi zvinofungidzirwa zviri kushanda.

Vietnam Nekamukana Wokusazozviwana

Vietnam isati yatanga, zvinobudisa nhau zvikuru zvakarerekera kumipimo yehurumende yapamutemo. Hondo yakachinja uhu ukama nenzira isingachinjiki. Apo Nhengo yeTet Offensive inosarira muna 1968, yaparadzira muAmerica mumakamuri okugara usiku pashure pousiku, yakaita nzwisiso yehondo ye’ utsinye hwakapesana nemirangariro yetariro yaJohnson. Apo Nzhirozi yeCBS yakabudisa nhau yenhau dzinozivisa hondo ye &ldquostate, &” &squo; Purezidhendi Johnuster akashutry akataura zvakananga, &quo; I&rquo; Cronque; Iprotesss, I &quo; processsss formation kuicer yakashandiswa zvakananga muiyi dare rehondo.

Fodya: Kubvisa mafashoni kubva parusununguko Kuenda kuutano

Hondo pamusoro pemitemo yefodya isangano guru mukushambadza kwezvinobudisa nhau. Kwemakumi amakore, indasitiri yefodya yakabudirira kugadzira kusvuta senhau yorusununguko rwomunhu nefariro yezvemari. Vakashandisa bhajeti yavo huru yokushambadzira kuti vadzore nhau dzenhau. Nhamba yokuchinja yakasvika nomumubatanidzwa wenzvero yenhau negadziriro dzemitemo. Federal Communications Commissions ’ Fairness Relictive Relicts yaida kuti ibudise mashoko okushora anorwisana nezvokutengeserana zvemadzanga. Uku kushambadza uku kwaidzwa kwete senhau yerusununguko, asi senjodzi yezvoutano yavose. Kusvuta kweutano kwakaderera. Mitengo yezvokusvonga yePromendezi dzezvokushamba, dzinotungamirira nenzira inoshamisa kunyora mashoko, kuzivisa ziviso, uye migove youtano yavose. Yakanga iri pakati pehondo yehondo.

Chinjo Yemamiriro Okunze: Kubva Kumushumo weNhe kusvika Kunjodzi Dziripo

Chitendero chechinjo yemamiriro okunze chinosanoratidzira kurukurirano yacho yezvinobudisa nhau. Kwamakumi amakore, chinjo yemamiriro okunze yakanga iri nhau yenzvimbo yakapoteredza. Iyi yakavakwa zvikuru mumativi esayenzi uye yakafuratirwa zvikuru navatori venhau vezvamatongerwe enyika. Nhevedzo yeSangano reSangano reSayenzi (Nhau yeSangano reP.Greta Thonberg &squo; kurovanya kwemamiriro okunze) kwemagariro enzvimbo neboka duku duku dzenjodzi dzemamiriro okunze kwakaratidzwa munguva chaiyoiyo yenhau dzenhau, uye kubudiswa kwemishumo yeIPC Cpecioc paPS 1.

Kufambisa Mapit Falls Ecosystem Yemazuva Ano

Nepo zvinobudisa nhau zvichikosha mukuitwa kwegadziriro yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, mhoteredzo yazvino uno inopa denho dzinokosha dzinogona kusekesa kudzora kune mufungo.

Kusaziva, Kusazivisa, uye Zvokwadi Zvinoparara

Kureruka kwamashoko enhema anoparadzirwa nako paIndaneti kunopa tyisidziro yakananga kugadziriro yakavakirwa paufakazi. SAUNICEF inorondedzera “Truth Decay ” sokusawirirana kunowedzera pamusoro pemaidi enhau nemhesano pakati pepfungwa neidi. DAMBUDZIKO reCHOVAD rakagovera mufananidzo wakajeka: mashoko asina kururama pamusoro pokurapa nemishonga inosekesa zvakananga, zvichitungamirira kurufu rwavose. Kana chikamu chakatanhamara chavagari vemo chichishanda kubva panzvimbo dzechokwadi dzakasiyana- siyana, kuumba kupesana kudiwa kwomuitiro unoshanda kunodokuva isingabviri.

Chivimbo Chiri Kuderera Nokubuda Kwenhau Dzinoparadzanisa

Vimbai mugadziriro yezvinobudisa nhau sezvo gadziriro yave iri mukuderera kwakatsiga kwamakumi amakore. Gallup ’ kunzvera kuvimba nezvinobudisa nhau zvakawanda kunoratidza kuti vashoma bedzi veAmerica zvino vanoratidzira “ vapamberi vemaActrigo; kana kuti vaparera mari yemapepanhau vanoshandisa chivimbo muzvinhu zvinobudisa nhau. Uku kuderera kwechivimbo kunoshatiswa navatambi vezvamatongerwe enyika vanotara zvisina kunaka se “fake. ” panguva ino, kumuka kwenhau dzakajeka kwapa pachena (zvose zviri mutambo wetambo neInternet) kunobvumira vagari vemo kuzvisarudza mumashoko kuti vawandikire mursiro yetsika dzinovapo. Kuputsa uku kuoma kwenhau kwenhau dzakaoma kukuita kuti kushatsa kushandukire, kuoma kurondedzera kurondedzera, shanduro zvakasiana nokuchinja mamiriro avagari vemo.

Kudzidza Kuverenga Nezvinobudisa Mashoko Nokuda Kwehurumende Inosarudzwa Navanhu Isingadzoreki

Tichifunga nezvokupesvedzera kukuru kwezvinobudisa nhau panhau, kutanga unyanzvi hwokugona kuverenga nokunyora hwakaisvonaka hwezvinobudisa nhau hakusi chinhu choumbozha — kunodikanwa nehurumende.

Kushandisa Nzira Yokurapa Nayo

Yakatangwa nenyanzvi yokugona kuverenga nokunyora Mike Caulfield, SAFT inogovera gadziriro inoshanda yokuyera mashoko apaindaneti. Nhano ina ndedzi: Kumira (haugoverani kana kuti kuita chimwe chinhu nokukurumidza), [ Kubatanidza manyuko (ani ari seri kwamashoko aya?), [[FLT:] Kuwana mutengo uri nani[[[[FLT:]] (chii chinonzi mamwe manyuko anokudzwa anotaura?), uye [FLT] .[FLT]

Kutsvaka Mhatsa Yemavako

Kubuda mukamuri dzinodzorwa dzinoda zvakawanda kupfuura kungorava bedzi “ rumwe rutivi. ” Kunoda kuvakwa kwemhatsa yemavara enhau ine manyuko akasiyana - siyana okutsigira mari (zvinobhadharwa pachena, zvisingaripi mari, zvinotsigirwa nokunyorwa kwemishumo yakasiana----. Kutsigira pepanhau romunzvimbomo nerokuongorora kunonetsawo. Kuwa kwebhizimisi renhau romunzvimbomo kwakaparira zvikamu zvokuzvidavirira munyika nomumiitiro yomunzvimbomo. Kupfurikidza nokutsigira nokuwana mari mari yakawanda yemishumo yenhau yakaisvonaka uye kutsvaka mashoko ayo anodenha mirangariro yakanaka, vagari vemo vanogona kuzvidzivirira vamene pamigumisiro yakaipisisa yokubudirira.

Kuisa Pfungwa Pazvinhu Zvinokosha Nezvinoshandiswa

Humwe urongwa hunobudirira zvikuru ndehwokurega kunyora mashoko emitemo. Vagari vanogona kurava mashoko chaiwo emitemo, mishumo yehurumende inobva kumanyuko ehurumende, uye zvidzidzo zvedzidzo zvemazera. Kupfurikidza nokuenda zvakananga kumashoko makuru, vanhu vanogona kuyera muitiro wakavakirwa pachinhu chawo panzvimbo pekutenderera kwacho. Iyi nzira inoderedza simba rezvinobudisa nhau rinoderedza ndokubvumira kunzvera kwakasununguka, kwakavakirwa paufakazi hwezvikarakadzo zvemiitiro.

Mugumisiro: Mutoro Woutariri Unogoveranwa

Dare renhau ’ ipesvedzero pamuitiro wavose haina kunaka kana kuti yakaipa; iidi roupenyu hwezvamatongerwe enyika muhurumende inoreverera. Miitiro yokuronga, kuronga, uye kuisa ivhu imasimba ane simba anogona kuvandudza kana kuti kuderedza kunaka kwokudzora. Kuchinja kwemifungo kwamaSayenzi kwakakudziridza aya masimba, kuchiita mabanza matsva okutora rutivi nepo panguva imwe cheteyo kusati kwakanganisa hwaro hwechokwadi hunodikanwa nokuda kwokubatanidza mhoteredzo yakasiyana. Nzira mberi inoda nhamburiko yavose. Vatori venhau vanofanira kuwiriranazve netsika, kushuma zvakajeka kuti chinhu pamusoro pechiono. Vagadziri vemiitiro vanofanira kuva nomutoro wezvirongwa zvemitemo yezvamatongerwe enyika kubatira kuti vakupesvedzera sei. Uye vagari vemo vanofanira kusakurira nenzira yokufunga mano okufunga kwakakomba kunodikanwa kutenderera iyi mhoteredzo. Vazivi venhau vebasa havafaniri kuratidzira kushambadzira kushambadzira kushambadzira, vanoisa basa basa rinoshatsa basa muchirongwa chokunzvera kupesvedzera chavose.