Rusaruro Rwezera Mubasa: Denho Yepamutemo Inopfuurira

Rusaruraganda rwezera runoramba rwuri rumwe rwezvimiro zvekusasarura kwezera kwakapararira zvikuru kunoshumwa zvikuru kwenzvimbo yebasa. Pasinei zvapo namakumi amakore edziviriro dzapamutemo, vashandi vakwegura vanopfuurira kutarisana nemhinganidzo dzegadziriro mukurovha, kusimudzirwa, muripo, uye kubviswa kwezvisarudzo.

Kuvashandirwi, migumisiro yemari nomukurumbira yorusaruro rwezera inogona kuva inoparadza.Vashandi, kunzwisisa pamutemo uye kudzidza muzviitiko zvinobudirira kunogona kureva musiyano uri pakati pokugamuchira kusaruramisira nokuchengeta mishonga yakarurama. Nyaya inonzvera kupara mhosva kwezera rakatanhamara, inobvisa zvinhu zvinoshanda zvakatungamirira kukukunda, uye inogovera nhungamiro inoshanda nokuda kwomunhu upi noupi anofamba munzvimbo iyi yakaoma yemutemo webasa.

Kupa Mashoko Apamutemo Kunopesana Nezera Rorusaruraganda

MuUnited States, mutemo mukuru unorambidza rusaruro rwezera iAge Discist in Obster Act (ADEA) ya1967. ADEA inodzivirira vanhu vane makore 40 ezera kana kuti vakura kubva pakusarura basa nemhaka yezera. Mutemo unoshanda kuvashandi vane vashandi vane 20 kana kuti vanopfuura, kubatanidza hurumende dzomunzvimbomo, masangano ebasa, uye masangano ebasa.

ADEA inorambidza rusaruro murutivi rupi norupi rwebasa, kubatanidza kupinza basa basa, kubhadharisa, mabasa, mabasa okuita, kusimudzirwa pabasa, kupiwa basa, betsero, uye rimwe shoko ripi neripi kana kuti mugariro webasa.

Kupfuura mutemo wehurumende, nyika dzakawanda dzine mitemo yadzo dzimene yezera rinosarura iyo ingapa dziviriro huru zvikuru, zvikumbaridzo zvapashomanene zvavashandi, kana kuti mirau mirefu zvikuru yeganhuriro. Somuenzaniso, California Fair Work and Howation Act (FAHA) inodzivirira vashandi vezera ripi neripi uye inoshanda kuvashandirwi vane vashandi vashomanene savashanu. Kunzwisisa kubatanidzwa kwemitemo yehurumende nehurumende rutivi rune nhevedzano yetsika dzinobudirira dzenhambo ipi neipi yezera.

Mitemo Yetsika Dzakasiyana Yezera Rakatoitika Yakachinja Kuchinja Kwepamutemo

Nyaya inotevera inomiririra kumwe kukunda kukuru kwepamutemo mukurwisa rusaruro rwezera.

Smith v. TechCorp (2010): Reducating Trap

John Smith, injiniya mukuru wesoftware ane makore 55 ane makumi maviri emakore okuongorora kugadzirwa kwemashandiro kwakasiyana - siyana, akamiswa paigadziriswazve kambani yose. TechCorp akataura kuti kubviswa kwacho kwakavakirwa pakuderera kwesimba kwaidzorwa nemamiriro ezvinhu ezvemari. Zvisinei, Smith akacherechedza muitiro unotambudza: vanenge vashandi vose vakasarudzwa kuti vadzimwe vakanga vava namakore 50, nepo vashandi vaduku vane zvikwaniriso zvakafanana kana kuti zvishoma vakachengetwa kana kuti kugoverwa nokukurumidza kumabasa matsva.

Smith’s chikwata chapamutemo chakaunganidza nhau inogombedzera ichishandisa ufakazi hwemishumo inoratidza kuti RIF yakatapura vashandi zvikuru pamakore 50. Ivo vakawanawo maemail omukati umo vanamanija vakaita tsinhiro dzezera pamusoro pa "vashandi vasina kuvimbika" uye "kupinza mirangariro mitsva. dare rakawana kuti TechCorp's imhaka yemari yakataurwa yechembere. Vatongi vakapa Smith $2,3 miriyoni vari shure mubhadharo, uye kuvadziko dzemirangariro. dare rakarairawo TechCorp kushandisa rovedzo yezera retsarirano yetsarirano yezera nokuda kwamanejaradziro yaro yarongedzedzero dzemariro kuti ibatanidze, zvinangwa zvinowirirana.

Key inoenda: Zvirongwa nerif zvinowanzozivikanwa nokuda kwetsarudzo yezera. Apo kuderedzwa kwesimba kunotapura vashandi vakwegura nenzira isingaenzaniswi, matare achasanonzvera ruramiso yomushandirwi. Ufakazi hwemiraudzo nekurukurirano zvomukati zvinogona kuva zvishandiso zvine simba nokuda kwokufumura.

Johnson v. Retail Giant (2015): Kusimudzira Kufamba

Mary Johnson, maneja wezvitoro ane makore 62 okukura ane makore 18 ebasa paRetail Giants, akanga apfuurira kupfuura vaitengeswa uye awana kuongororwa kwakatanhamara. Apo nzvimbo yomutungamiriri wenharaunda yakashaikwa, Johnson akanyorera uye akava nechivimbo mukutendeseka kwake. Basa racho rakapiwa panzvimbo pezvo kumunhu wezera ramakore 34 ane ruzivo rwokuzviwanira rwamanejarieri nachinyorwa chaJohnson chairangarira kuva chakaderera.

Johnson akapomera mhaka yorusaruro neEEOC uye pakupedzisira akapomera mhaka kuti Retail Giants akanga ane mutoo wokupfuura vashandi vakwegura nokuda kwokusimudzirwa kwavashandi vaduku. Discovery yakaratidza kuti muitiro wokusimudzira wekambani yacho waitsamira zvikuru pamipimo yetsika, yakadai se "kukwana kwetsika kwaidzorwa" uye "simba idzva, iro rakashandiswa nenzira isingachinjiki. Magweta aJohnson akapawo ufakazi hwokuti maneja werovhasi akanga aita tsinhiro pamusoro pedikanwo ye "kunzvera" boka ravatarisiri vomunharaunda ne "wher - reair."

Vatongi vakapa Johnson mamirioni 1,8 emiuyo yokukuvadza, kubatanidza mibhadharo nebetsero zvakarasika, pamwe chete ne $50 000 000 mukuvadziko yokuranga. dare racho raidawo kuti Retail Giants ishandise muitiro wokusimudzirwa wakarongeka une mipimo yakajeka, yedonzo uye kuongororwa kunopfuurira kuti ive nechokwadi chemiuyo inoruramiswa.

Key: Mipimo yokukwidziridzwa yapamusoro inogona kuvanza tsvudziro yezera. Vashandirwi vanofanira kuva nechokwadi chokuti zvisarudzo zvokukwidziridzira zvakavakirwa pazvinhu zvinotanhamara, zvinodzorwa nebasa, uye kuti vashandi vakura vanorangarirwa zvakanaka nokuda kwamabanza efambiro mberi.

Application Opportunity Com (kushanda nesimba) Com): The Systemtic Barrier

Iyi dare rekirasi rakaita kuti EEOC riparadzirwe neBNSF Railway Company yakataura kuti vashandi veraruwe vaiva noruzivo rusiri pamutemo, vanobhadharwa mari yakakwirira zvikuru vaimanikidzirwa pamudyandigere ndokuramba kuvadzorera serutivi rwekusarura kwezera. Mhaka yacho yaibatanidza vanenge 300 vaizviti vakanga vabviswa kana kuti vanyimwazve vakavakirwa pazera ravo. EEOC yakapa ufakazi hwokuti BNSFF yakachengeta mutemo we "dio" wokurosa vashandi vakura nokuda kwokuva vanoshanda uye kutsiva navashandi vaduku, vanobhadharwa.

Nyaya yacho yagadzirirwa nokuda kwe $3,50 000 000, BNSF ichibvuma kugovera ruyamuro runokosha rwokugadzirisa, kubatanidza basa rinogovera vashandi vanotapurwa, kudzorerwa kwebetsero, uye rovedzo huru nokuda kwavashandi vezviwanikwa namaneja pamitemo yezera. Musha wacho waidawo BNSF kushandisa gadziriro isina kwawakarerekera, ine vavariro nokuda kwokuita zvisarudzo zvokubvisa nokuzviisa pasi peEOC kwenhambo yamakore anoverengeka.

Key inoenda: EOC ine chiremera nepfuma zvokuronda mhaka dzetsika dzokusarura panzvimbo dzamapoka makuru avashandi. Kana miitiro yomushandirwi ikatapura vashandi vakawanda, kuita kweboka kunogona kutungamirira kumishonga yakawanda uye chinjo dzeindasitiri dzakawanda.

Hazen Paper Co. v. Biggins (1993): Pension Connection

Iyi mhaka yeDare Rapamusoro reUnited States yakataura pamharadzano yakakomba pakati petsarudzo yezera nebetsero dzomudyandigere. Walter Biggins, mushandi ane makore 62 ane anenge makore 10 ebasa paHazen Paper Company, akagumiswa nokukurumidza mari yake yomudyandigere isati yapiwa. Biggin akataura kuti akadzingwa kuti adzivise kugamuchira betsero dzepenjeni, izvo zvingadai zvakave zviri kuputswa kweADEA.

Dare Gurusa rakataura kuti nepo kuparadzwa kunosundwa nokupiwa mudyandigere kusati kuri hako ufakazi hwakananga hwerusaruro rwezera, kunogona kushandiswa soufakazi hwedonzo rokupa mhaka kana zviito zvomushandirwi zvakavakirwa pafungidziro dzenhevedzo dzenhevedzo pamusoro pendyiko dzevashandi vakwegura kana kuti basa. Dare rakajekesa kuti ADEA rinodzivisa rusaruro runobva pazera rimene, kwete pazvinhu zvingawirirana nezera. Uyu musiano unoramba uchikosha mukupfuudzira kwamabasa nhasi.

Key: Vashandirwi havagoni kushandisa ndyiko dzemudyandigere kana kuti marusando sepembedzo yokugumisa vashandi vakwegura. Nepo ADEA isingadzivisi zvakananga rusaruro runobva pamudyandigere, mufambiro wakadaro unogona kuva ufakazi hwakasimba hwechembere.

Mitoo Inozivikanwa Navose Mumitemo Yezera Rinobudirira Yorusaruro

Kuongorora nyaya idzi nedzimwe dzakabudirira kunoratidza nyaya dzinoverengeka dzinoramba dzichitaurwa dzinonetsa munhu wose anotaura kuti ane zera rakasiyana nerevamwe.

Ufakazi Hwezviverengero Hwokutapura Kwokupesana

Humwe hwoufakazi hunonyengetedza zvikurusa mumhaka dzezera kunzvera kweminhamba kunoratidza kuti kugadzira chisarudzo kwomushandirwi kunotapura zvikuru vashandi vakwegura. Matare anogamuchira nguva dzose ufakazi hwemishumo hunoratidzira kuti vashandi vakura vakabviswa, vakapfuudzwa nokuda kwokusimudzirwa, kana kuti zvimwe vanoshaiwa pamwero mukuru zvikuru kupfuura vaduku vavo. Magweta avagweta anowanzoshanda nezvapupu zvine unyanzvi mumitengo yemari kana kuti nhamba kuti vape kunzvera mashoko anogombedzerwa.

Ufakazi Hwakananga HwechiAnimis Wezera

Kukurukurirana kwomukati, kubatanidza maemail, mabasa, uye kutaura kwakarekodwa, uko kune mutauro wezera kana kuti wezvokurangarira zvakasiana kunogona kuva kunosarudzwa. Tsinhiro pamusoro pe "chikoro chekare" kufunga, "ropa idzva," "vashandi vasina dzidzo," kana kuti "kuedza vashandi" kunogona kubatira soufakazi hwakananga hwedonzo rokusasarura. Kunyange tsinhiro dzinoratidzika kuva dzinoregwa namaneja kana kuti vaiti vechisarudzo dzinogona kusekesa zvikonzero zvebhizimisi zvapamutemo zvakataurwa nokuda kwechiito chakaoma.

Kudzivisa Pakati Pomutemo Nokudzidzira

Zvisinei, vashandirwi vanobudirira vanowanzoratidza musiyano pakati pemitemo iyi yakataurwa nemiitiro chaiyoiyo. Somuenzaniso, kambani ingataura kuti inoshandisa mashandiro ainoita pasina donzo nokuda kwezvisarudzo asi, mukushanda, inovimba nenzvero dzevakuru vakuru venhau idzo dzinogona kuva nyore kusarura. Kuratidzira uku kuchinjika kunogona kuva nesimba.

Kurapa Kunoenzaniswa Kwevashandi Vane Vacho Vakadaro

Matare anosimbisa zvikuru ufakazi hwokuti vashandi vaduku vari munzvimbo dzakafanana vakabatwa zvakanaka zvikuru kupfuura mupurisa wekare.Izvi zvinogona kubatanidza kuratidza kuti vashandi vaduku vakachengetwa mukati mekubudiswa basa, kusimudzirwa kwakarambidzwa kuvashandi vakura, kana kuti kupiwa hwirudzuro dzakanaka. Kuvaka kunzvera kukuru kunoda zvinyorwa zvokungwarira zvavashandi.

Matanho Anoshanda Okuvaka Rusaruro Rwezera Rakasimba

Vachishandisa zvidzidzo zvokukwidziridza matare kunobudirira, vanhu vanodavira kuti vakava norusaruro rwezera vanofanira kuita nhano dzinotevera kudzivirira kodzero dzavo ndokuvaka nhau inogombedzera.

Kunyora Zvinhu Zvose Nokukurumidza

Chisaririra chekubudirira kupi nokupi kwokusarura ndechokunyora kwakakwana. Chengeta chinyorwa chine udzame chechinoitika chiri chose chakafanira, kubatanidza misi, nguva, nzvimbo, vanhu vanobatanidzwa, uye mashoko akajeka akaitwa. Chengeta mirau yose yebasa, maemail, mabasa, uye dzimwe kurukurirano dzipi nedzipi dzakanyorwa dzinowirirana nemamiriro ako ezvinhu ebasa. Kana ukagamuchira mirayiridzo yamashoko kana kuti tsinhiro zvaunodavira kuti zvinopa mhaka, zvinyore pasi nokukurumidza sezvinobvira pashure pokunge zvaitika.

Chengeta Uchapupu Hwemagetsi

Munzvimbo yanhasi inoshandiswa nekombiyuta, ufakazi huzhinji hunowirirana nerusaruro rwezera riripo muchimiro chemagetsi. Izvozvi zvinobatanidza maemail, mashoko anokurumidza, mazita okufambisa basa, uye maHR akarekodwa. Iva nechokwadi chokuti uchengete zvinhu izvi kupfurikidza nokuchengetedza makopi munzvimbo yakachengeteka, yomunhu oga. Usachinja kana kuti kubvisa mafaira api naapi, sezvo kuita kudaro kungakuvadza zvakakomba kuvimbika kwako nenzvimbo yapamutemo.

Nzwisisa Kukura Kwezvausingakwanisi Kuita

MuADEA, nguva inosvika yokunyora pomero yorusaruro neEEOC inowanzova mazuva 180 kubva pamusi waifungidzirwa kuva chiito chokusarura.Muhurumende nemitemo yezera ravo vamene nesangano rokutarisira, iyi nguva ingatambanudzirwa kumazuva 300. Kukundikana iyi miganhu kunogona kudzivisa donzo rako zvechigarire.

Ona Mutambo Webasa Une Unyanzvi

Nyaya dzezera rinosarurana dzakaoma zviri pamutemo uye zviri pachena. Gweta rine ruzivo rwakati mumutemo wokusarurwa kwemabasa rinogona kuyera zvawataura, kuziva zvinorehwa nerondedzero dzepamutemo dzinoshanda, kuunganidza nokuchengetedza ufakazi, uye kushandisa miitiro yokutonga neyokutonga. Magweta mazhinji emabasa anopa kunzvera kwokutanga kwapachena uye kushanda pahwaro hwemari inowirirana, zvinoreva kuti anobhadharwa bedzi kana ukawana zvirango.

Faira Kupomerwa neEEOC kana kuti State Agency

Usati waisa mhaka muADEA, unofanira kutanga kuisa pomero neEEOC kana kuti nesangano rehurumende rinoita mabasa nenzira inoruramisira. Sangano racho richanzvera pomero yako uye ringaedza kuita kuti kugarisa. Kana sangano racho rikawana chikonzero chine mufungo chokudavira rusaruro rwakaitika, kungaisa mhaka pauri kana kuti kunganyorwa `chakarurama kukwirira' tsamba inokubvumira kupfuurira nedare rapachivande. EEOC inopa mipiro yepakombiyuta nehofisi dzomunzvimbomo dzinogona kubatsira kumuitiro wokunyora fomu.

Kutapura Kwakapararira Kwemitemo Yezera Yetsaruso Kunobvumira Pamutemo Webasa

Rusaruraganda rwezera runobudirira runoita zvakawanda kupfuura kugovera mishonga yomunhu oga. Zvinoitawo chinjo dzegadziriro yemiitiro yebasa. Dzakawanda dzenhau dzakurukurwa pamusoro apa dzakaguma nokuchinja kwakarongwa nedare, kubatanidza rovedzo yetsika dzamaoresa, kuhwirudzurwa kwemiitiro yokurovha nokusimudzirwa, uye kutarisirwa kunopfuurira kwakaitwa neEEOC. Iyi chinjo dzinobetsera vashandi vose kupfurikidza nokugadzira gadziriro dzebasa dzinooneka zvikuru, dzinooneka zvikuru.

Kupfuura zvirevo zvedare, tyisidziro yeparamende imene inokurudzira vashandirwi kuhwirudzura nokuvandudza miitiro yavo. Makambani anoisa mumiitiro yokurovedza kwakasiana - siana kwezera, gadziriro dzokunzvera kwakananga, uye tsika dzebasa dzinobatanidza vanhu havabviri kutarisana nezvinotaurwa kuti zvinosarurana uye sezvingabvira zvikuru kuchengeta vashandi vane ruzivo rwakawanda. Mhaka yebhizimisi nokuda kwemhatsa yezera inonyorwa zvakanaka, nefundo dzinoratidza kuti mapoka ezera akasiyana - siyana mavandudziko zvikuru, anobereka zvibereko, uye anotsungirira.

Masangano anodzorwa nomutemo anocherekedzawo mhaka dzakakwirira. Kupfuurira kworusaruro rwezera kwakanyandura nhamburiko dzokusimbisa dziviriro dzapamutemo, kubatanidza nhano dzinokarakadzwa kuADEA nenzvimbo dzehurumende dzokuvhara mabudiro nokutambanudzira kuvashandi vazhinji. Kuziva vanhu kunoparirwa nemhosva dzinobudirira kunogona kuchinja zvimiro zvendangariro zvenzanga uye kuderedza shiviriro yezera.

mhedziso

Rusaruro rwezera runoramba rwuri chinetso chinokosha uye chinopfuurira munzvimbo yebasa yeAmerica, asi rukundo rwapamutemo runorondedzerwa munyaya ino runoratidzira kuti ruramisiro inowanika. Muzvinoitika zvinenge Smith v. TechColp uye [[FLT] Johnson] v. Retail Giants [ kumiitiro yemitemo yokuchengeta mutemo senhau yeEEOC mukurwisana neBNSFFRAY, iyi matare akawana mishonga mikuru nokuda kwavanyajambwa uye chinjo dzinomanikidzirwa mumushandirwi.

Kurukurirano dzinozivikanwa navose dzinoitwa muidzi budiriro izvinyorwa zvakakwana, kushandiswa kwakakwana kwoufakazi, uye kuratidzirwa kwapamutemo kune ruzivo rwokuzviwanira.

Vashandirwi, nepo, vane kurudziro iri yose yokurangarira zvakakomba rusaruro rwezera. Ndyiko dzemari dzechitsama, kuvadziko, uye misha zvinogona kuva zvinokatyamadza, uye kuvadziko yemukurumbira inogona kugara kwemakore. Kupinza mari mumiitiro yebasa yakaisvonaka, yokuita kuti basa rive rechokwadi uye kusimudzira tsika dzinobatanidza kuti vashandi vemazera ose havangori musengwa wapamutemo asi betsero yemutoro. Nzvimbo yebasa inosimba zvikuru apo inoshandisa mano neruzivo rwechizvarwa chiri chose.

Nokuda kwamamwe mashoko, [[FLT: 0] EOC'S C C reshoora peji inogovera zviwanikwa zvakawanda pakuronga pomero nokunzwisisa kodzero dzako. AARP'S chikamu chapamutemo cheAdvocacy[ inopa nhungamiro yokuwedzera netsigiro nokuda kwavashandi vakura vanotarisana norusaruro. Nyanzvi dzemitemo dzinogona kuwana kuongororwa kwakakwana kwomutemo wenhau yeADEA kupfurikidza ne [[FLT:]] American Association'S Chikamu cheBasanzi roMbasa noMbasa .