Kunzwisisa Kurongwa Kwehurumende Nehurumende Dzomunharaunda

Kukamukana kwesimba pakati pehurumende dzehurumende nedzenyika muUnited States kwakavakirwa muBumbiro remitemo namazana amakore emitemo. Nepo Bumbiro reMitemo reU.S. richitumira masimba chaiwo kuhurumende yehurumende yehurumende, Tendimendement yeThona inoisa mamwe masimba ose kunyika, kana kuti kuvanhu. Mitemo, inopa chiremera kuhurumende dzomunzvimbomo (macountation), mataundi ezvikoro, maruwa ezvikoro, uye maruwa chaiwo. Iyi gadziriro yakaumbwa inoparira gadziriro yakaoma asi inoshanda yokutonga inotapura zvakananga rutivi rwuri rwose rwoupenyu hwezuva nezuva.

Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo hadzidudzwi muBumbiro reMitemo reU.S.; izvisikwa zvehurumende. Ikoku kunoreva kuti masangano ehurumende ane chiremera chakafara chokurondedzera masimba, mitoro, uye kunyange kuvapo kwehurumende dzomunzvimbomo. Ukama chaihwo hunosiyana munyika nehurumende, nedzimwe dzichipa utongi hunokosha kupfurikidza [[FLT:] kumusha [[FLT:]] pamutemo wenheyo [ uye vamwe vanochengeta udzori hwakasimba hwakasimba kupfurikidza noMurayiro [, dzidziso yokutonga kuti hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzine masimba bedzi anopiwa nenzira inotaurwa nehurumende. Kunzwisisa ichi chimiro chenheyo chinokosha chinokosha nokuda kwomunhu upi noupi anotsvaka pesvedzero kana kuti mabasa avose pamwero panzanga.

Mabasa Ehurumende Akakwana

Hurumende dzinoshanda pamwero mukuru, dzichigadza mitemo yenyika yose uye gadziriro dzinotarisira dzinoda kufanana. Mabasa adzo makuru anobatanidza:

  • [ Chiremera chokupa mari: Mitemo inodzora kutengeserana, ruramisiro youtsotsi, nhau dzemhuri, zvinhu, uye zvibvumirano. Hurumende inobvumirawo bhajeti nokugovera mari nokuda kwamasangano ehurumende namapurogiramu.
  • Kutarisira dzidzo: Kugadza mipimo yezvidzidzo, zvinodikanwa zvomudzidzisi, uye zvirongwa zvokushandisa mari zvezvikoro zveK -12. United States inotarisirawo mayunivhesiti avose namapurogiramu ekoreji enzanga.
  • Utano hwePublic nekotsekano:[[FLT: 1] Anotarisira madhipatimendi ezvoutano enyika, anodzosa nyanzvi dzezvokurapa, anogadza mirau yemhoteredzo, uye anotarisira mapurisa ehurumende nenzvero dzomumigwagwa mikuru.
  • Kuronga uye kutsigira mari migwagwa yehurumende, mabhiriji, zviteshi zvengarava, uye gadziriro dzokufambisa.
  • Vatarisiri veFiscal: vanounganidza mitero yehurumende (mubhadharo, kutengesa, bhizimisi), kubudisa zvisungo, uye kutarisira mabasa ehurumende akadai seMedicaid neinishuwarenzi yourovha.
  • Gadziriro yeMitambo: matare ehurumende anoshanda (dare, amburera, mukurusa) uye anotarisira gadziridzo zvivako negadziriro dzezvirango.

Mabasa Ehurumende Yomunzvimbomo Akakwana

Hurumende dzomunharaunda dzinotarisira kupiwa kwakananga kwemabasa ayo vagari vemo vanoshandira pamwe nezuva. Mitoro yavo inowanzova yokufara zvikuru uye yenzanga yakajeka:

  • Anoshanda: mvura, kurapa mvura yakashata, marara, kugadziriswa kwomumugwagwa, uye kubviswa kwesinou.
  • Nyika inoshandiswa nokukandwa: inodzorwa nemitemo yemitemo yokuvaka, mvumo, uye gadziriro dzevhu kuti zvidzore kukura neukoshi hwenzvimbo.
  • Kuchengetwa kwomutemo kwapano nemabasa ekurumidziro epano nenzvimbo: Mapato amapurisa okuopera, zviteshi zvomwoto, mabasa eamburenzi, uye masangano anotarisira njodzi.
  • Mapaki nenhandaro: Kuchengeta mapaka, nzvimbo dzokutambira, nzvimbo dzenzanga, madziva okushambira, uye gadziriro dzenhandaro.
  • matare enharaunda: anobata nhau duku dzevagari vemo neutsotsi, kuputswa kwemigwagwa, uye kuchengetwa kwebumbiro remitemo.
  • Kukura kwezvemari: Mabhizimisi anonyengera, kubudisa marezenisi ebhizimisi, kutarisira kurudziro dzemitero, uye kutsigira rovedzo yavashandi vomunzvimbomo.

Pasinei zvapo neiyi mitsetse yakasiana - siana, mitsetse inowanzova yakaoma. Somuenzaniso, masangano anogadza miitiro yedzidzo yokutsigira mari, asi maruwa ezvikoro omunzvimbomo anosarudza nzira yokugovera nayo mari kuzvikoro zvimwe nezvikoro.

Chivako chapamutemo: Kutonga kwaDillon kunopesana. Kutonga kwoMusha

Hurumende yemitemo inotonga ``[FLT: 0] DALton' uye [[FLT :2] Gurure reMusha. Hurumende dzeDilton's, dzakatangwa mudare ra1868 ([FLT:]]City of Clinton v. Cedar Rapids ne Missouri River Rail Routh ), inotaura kuti hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzakangopiwa masimba iwayo nenzira yakajeka nehurumende, idzo dzinoratidzwa zvadziriwo kubva muya dzinopa mvumo, uye dziya dzinokosha kuvapo kwesangano. Kupanikira kupi nokupi nokupi nokuvapo kwesangano kunopedzwa pamusoro pokuvapo kwomunzvimbomo.

Muraudzo weHome, mukupesana, unopa hurumende dzomunzvimbomo udzore udzore udzore udzore zvinhu zvomunzvimbomo pasina kuda mvumo chaiyo. Mitemo inogamuchira mutemo womusha inowanzobvumira manisiparamendi kunyora mitemo yavo vamene uye kushandisa masimba asingarambidzwi zvakajeka nomutemo wehurumende. Kusvikira muna 2025, nyika dzine 43 dzinogovera rudzi rwakati rwekutonga kwapamusha nokuda kwavakuru vezvikamu, kunyange zvazvo mwero wezvigaro uchisiyana zvikuru. Somuenzaniso, Colado naO inopa masimba makuru okutonga apamusha [, nepo zvichitaura saAlabama naVirginia anoganhurira zvikuru chiremera chomunzvimbomo.

Chisarudzo pakati poKutonga kwaDillon noKutonga kwapamusha chinotapura zvikuru kuti hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinoita sei kunjodzi, kusakurumidza kugadziriswa mutsika, uye kubatira nzanga dzadzo. Maguta okutonga kwemisha anogona kazhinji kazhinji kupfuudza mitemo yomunzvimbomo pamubhadharo muduku, zororo rokurwara, kana kuti dziviriro dzemhoteredzo dzinopfuura mutemo wenyika.

Kupindirana Pakati Pehurumende Nehurumende Dzomunzvimbomo: Kushandira Pamwe, Makwikwi, uye Rwisano

Ukama pakati pehurumende dzomunzvimbomo nedzehurumende hahuna kubatana. hunochinja zvichitsamira pautungamiriri hwezvamatongerwe enyika, migariro yemigariro yemari, uye kudzvinyirira zvinodikanwa zvenzanga.

Kubatsirana: Kushandira Pamwe Chete Nokuda Kwevavariro Dzavose

Nyika dzakawanda dzinofambidzana nenzvimbo dzinobatanidza kushanda pamwe. Nyika dzinopa mari, rubatsiro rwemichina, uye gadziriro, nepo hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzichishandisa mapurogiramu nokupa mibato. Mienzaniso inobatanidza:

  • Mari inotsigirwa nokuda kwegadziriro dzehwaro: United States inowanzoenzana nezvipo zvehurumende nokuda kwezvirongwa zvemigwagwa mikuru nebhuroko; hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinotarisira gadziriro yokupedzisira nokuvakwa.
  • Tsinhirano youtano yePublic: Mukati medenda reCOVID-19, madhipatimendi ezvoutano ehurumende akapa nhungamiro, nepo madhipatimendi outano enyika akabatanidza kuedza, kiriniki dzenhomba, uye kubatana nezvipatara zvomunzvimbomo.
  • Kutarisira njodzi: Masangano ehurumende anotarisira njodzi anobatanidza zvinhu mukuverenga munjodzi dzomusikirwo dzakadai semadutu, mirazvo yemoto, uye mafashamo.
  • Nhano dzekubudirira kwezvemari dzinogoveranwa:[ Tsvaka rehurumende nokuda kwokutenga mari yebhizimisi kazhinji kazhinji dzinoda tendero yehurumende yomunzvimbomo nokuda kwokuvaka nokukurudzira, kuchitanga mutoo wakabatana wokukwezva vashandirwi.
  • dzidzo:[[FLT: 1] United States dzinogadza mipimo yedzidzo, asi maruwa echikoro omunzvimbomo nemibatanidzwa yomudzidzisi zvinobatira pamwe pakushandisa, kufambirana nedzidzo, uye kuchinjika kwezvidzidzo.

Ukama uhwu hunoshanda zvikuru apo zvose zviri zviviri mamiriro ezvinhu ehurumende anogoverana zvinhu zvezvamatongerwe enyika zvinowirirana uye apo mari yehurumende inenge yakavimbika.

Michina Inounganidza: Kutsvaka Zviwanikwa Nepesvedzero

Hurumende nehurumende dzemo kazhinji kazhinji dzinokwikwidzana nokuda kwezviwanikwa zvakaganhurirwa — zvikurukuru mari yehurumende, mari yemitero, uye zvirongwa zvokubudirira kwezvemari.

  • Kugovera makakatanwa: United States ingashandisa nzira dzinotsigira nharaunda dzomumaruwa kana kuti dzomumaguta, kunyandura kukwirira mhaka kunobva kuhurumende dzinoshaiwa. Somuenzaniso, miitiro yechikoro yokushandisa mari munyika dzakadai seTexas nePennsylvania yakadenhwa sezvisingakwa.
  • Hondo dzekutsiva: dzimwe nguva nyika dzinopa mitemo inokurira mitemo yomunzvimbomo panhau dzakadai sezvirambidzo zvepurasitiki papepa, mirau mipfupi, kana kuti wedzero yemari inotambira mari shoma. Mukuwirirana nenzvero ya2023 neNational League of Cities, masangano akaisirwa mitemo inopfuura 200 yakasunungurwa pakati pa2017 ne2022.
  • Kusarudzwa nokuda kwezvipo zvomubatanidzwa: Department of Retuation American Infractive and Sustative and Equity (RAISE) inogovera chirongwa chinowanzova negadziriro yezvifambiso zvehurumende mukurwisana namasangano enzvimbo nesangano rokufambisa omunzvimbomo.
  • Makwikwi akaderera: Sangano nemaguta zvingapa mazaruko omutero anokwikwidza kunyengera masangano, kuchitungamirira ku "raundi kumusoro" inopedza mari yavose. HQ2 yeAmazon itsika yakakurumbira, nemazana ezvinonyandura zvomunzvimbomo nehurumende zvinopiwa.

Iri makwikwi rinogona kuva rakanaka apo rinoita kuti zvinhu zvive zvakanaka uye rizvidavirire, asi rinogonawo kuderedza kuzvitonga kwomunzvimbomo apo hurumende dzehurumende dzinoshandisa kuedzwa kuvhara mitemo yomunzvimbomo inofambira mberi.

Ukama Hunopokanidzana: Pakurwisana

Dzimwe nguva, hurumende dzinotorwisana zvakananga.Kukakavadzana uku kunowanzova nyaya dzokuzvitonga, pfungwa, kana kuti kuparadzirwa kwemasangano. Mienzaniso inozivikanwa inosanganisira:

  • Chimiro cheruwa chemitemo yepfuti yomunzvimbomo: Nyika zhinji dzakapa mitemo inorambidza hurumende dzomunzvimbomo kuita mitemo yepfuti yechienzi kupfuura mutemo wehurumende. Mumitezo yakadai seMissouri neFlorida, maguta akadenha iyi mitemo mudare, achipokanidza kuputsa gadziriro dzehurumende yapamusha.
  • rwisano dzokuisa mutemo muboka: "Mitemo yeSancúry" mumativi akadai seSan Francisco neChicago yakasvitswa nezvikwereti zvenzvimbo yehurumende zvinotyisidzira kudzorwa kwemari kana kuti batira pamwe inoraira nezviremera zvokupinda munyika.
  • Utano hwePublic husingadzoreki: Mukati medenda, nyika dzinoverengeka dzakarambidzwa kuraira kana kuti zvinodikanwa zvenhomba dzomunzvimbomo, nepo mamwe maguta nenhamba zvakaedza kuisa ganhuriro dzawo amene. Idzi rwisano dzakatungamirira kuhondo dzapamutemo pamusoro pesimba ravakuru vakuru nechisarudzo chomunzvimbomo.
  • Kushandisa nekakavadzano dzedzimba: Uniteds dzakafanana neCalifornia neOregon dzakaita mitemo yomunzvimbomo inosimbisa mitemo yomunzvimbomo yokusimudzira ukuru hwedzimba nokugona, kunyandura kupesana kunobva mumapoka enzanga namadare eguta.

Uku kurwisana kunosimbisa kusawirirana kukuru pakati pechiremera chehurumende nokuzvidzora kwomunzvimbomo. Dare rinowanzoita rutivi runokosha mukupedza idzi nharo, nemiuyo inotsamira pagadziriro yapamutemo chaiyo yehurumende nouzivi hwokutonga.

Mutambo Wemabhangi, Mitero, uye Kudyidzana Kwemari

Mari ndiyo huru pakati poukama hwehurumende nenzvimbo. Hurumende dzemo dzinovimba zvikuru nemari yezvikoro, zvirongwa, uye mabasa enzanga. Maererano neUrban Institute, mari yeyamuro yehurumende inokwana 32% yemari yehurumende yomunzvimbomo munyika yose, nemitero yezvinhu ichipa 30% uye yasara ichibva kumitero, mitero, uye kusimudzwa kwehurumende.

Nyika dzinoisawo mitero inokanganisa hurumende dzomunzvimbomo. Somuenzaniso, mwero yemari yeCalifornia yakadzikira 13 (1978) uye kunzvera kwakaganhurirwa, kukachinja zvikurukuru mari yehurumende yomunzvimbomo uye kunyandura kudikanwa kwamanyuko emari inotsiva semitero yemari nemitero youshandisi. Mitengo yakafanana mune dzimwe nyika yakadzivisa bhajeti yemari yomunzvimbomo uye yakamanikidzira kushambadza pakati pemitero nemitero.

Mapurogiramu emari anogoveranwa($apo nyika dzinounganidza mitero nokuparadzira chikamu kunharaunda) ichishandiswa chinozivikanwa navose nokuda kwezviwanikwa munzanga dzakapfuma nedzine urombo. Zvisinei, aya mapurogiramu angakwikwidzwa kazhinji kazhinji mune zvematongerwe enyika. Hurumende dzingaderedza yamuro yomunzvimbomo mukati memari shoma, dzichisiya maguta nenhamba nezvisarudzo zvakajeka: mitero yomunzvimbomo, kana kuti kukwidza mipimo yezvisungo zveroorano zvinotenderwa.

Zvinonetsa Vagari Vemo: Kudzora Gadziriro Yacho

Kunzwisisa kuti ndiani ane mutoro wechakaita kuti pave nezvisarudzo panzvimbo imwe chete, uye kuti ungaitei panzvimbo imwe neimwe, kunokosha kuti pave nokuvimbisana kwevagari vemo kunokosha.

Kubatanidzwa Mukutonga Kwomunzvimbomo

Hurumende yomunzvimbomo mwero unosvikika zvikurusa wehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Vagari vemo vanogona kupinda misangano yemadare eguta, kubatira pamabhodhi nemibatanidzwa, uye vhoti musarudzo dzemanisiparati. Asi muvhoti muvhoti yomunzvimbomo kazhinji kazhinji ari pasi pe 20%, kureva kuti vashomanene, vanovimbisa vanogona kuumba miuyo. Nhano dzinoshanda dzinobatanidza:

  • Misangano yehoro yetaundi yakatsikinyidzirwa nemharidzo dzavose: Ndiyo umo chinjo dzokuvaka, bhajeti, uye mirau dzinokakavadzana. Tsinhiro dzavose dzinogona kudzongonyedza.
  • Vari musarudzo dzose dzomunzvimbomo:[[FLT: 1] Dare reChikoro, dare reguta, uye dare remibatanidzwa yeruwa zvinotapura zvakananga dzidzo, kotsekano yavose, uye muitiro wedzimba.
  • Masangano enharaunda kana kuti enzanga anodzosa kusarura: kufanana namaganhuro omunzvimbomo eChinzwano chavakadzi Voters, masangano ebudiriro yenzanga, kana kuti vamiriri vemisha varoma.
  • Kuonana navakuru vakuru vomunzvimbomo zvakananga: Email kana kuti runhare zvinonzverwa zvakanaka kumutezo wedare reguta zvinogona kuva zvinobudirira nenzira inoshamisa.

Kubatsira Kunoita Zvinodiwa Zvomunzvimbomo

Kana zvinonetsa zvomunzvimbomo zvichida chiito chenzvimbo yehurumende, vagari vemo vanofanira kufamba nenzvimbo yakasiyana. Hurumende dzinowanzova shoma kusvikwa uye dzinovhozhokera. Gadziriro dzinoshanda zvakanaka dzokushandisa unyengeri dzinosanganisira:

  • Kuumba mibatanidzwa nedzimwe nharaunda: Guta rimwe ringarwisa kunyengetedza imba yomutemo yehurumende, asi mubatanidzwa wameya kana kuti vakuru vakuru veruwa unogona kuva noukoshi hukuru.
  • Kushanda navamiriri vehurumende navakuru vakuru: pinda maawa ehofisi yoruwa, kupupurira padare rinotongwa, uye kubatira pamwe namasangano ehurumende ose.
  • Shandisa zvinobudisa nhau: OP, tsamba kumupepeti wenhau, uye kufukidzwa kwenhau kwomunzvimbomo zvinogona kumanikidza vakuru vakuru vehurumende kuita chimwe chinhu pamusoro pezvinhu zvinokosha zvomunzvimbomo.
  • Kupa kana kuti kushora zvikwereti zvokudzikunurwa: Apo vabati vehurumende vanorangarira zvikwereti zvaizokurira mitemo yomunzvimbomo, vagari vemo vanogona kuunganidza kupfurikidza nemikumbiro, kukurudzira, uye chipupuriro chapachena.

Chinoitika mupfundo: Muna 2024, vagari vePortland, Oregon, vakadzorera nenzira inobudirira mukurwisana nomutongo wenyika uyo ungadai wakabvisa udzori hwomunzvimbomo pamirayiro yokugara mumisha kupfurikidza nokuronga nhimbe yezvinyorwa zvamabhuku akawanda uye kuchengetedza uchapupu hunobva kunameya munyika yose. iyi nhamburiko youswa yakachengeta kuchinjika kwomunzvimbomo panhau yakakwikwidzana zvikuru.

Kunzwisisa Kodzero Dzako Nemabasa

Vagari vanofanirawo kuziva kuti mitemo yehurumende neyomunzvimbomo inoshanda sei munharaunda dzakadai semitero, kuvhota, uye marekodhi avose. Somuenzaniso, miitiro yokuyera mitero yenzvimbo inogadzwa nomutemo wehurumende, asi vanzveri vomunzvimbomo vanoishandisa. Kunzwisisa muitiro wokukwirira kunogona kuchengetedza mari yavaridzi vemisha. Nenzira yakafanana, mitemo yehurumende inodzora kunyoresa kwomuvhoti nokutungamirira dare rasarudzo, asi vakuru vakuru vehurumende vanotarisira kuvhota uye kurava mutengo wezvirongwa zvehurumende.

Conference yeNyika yeState Legislatures inogovera zviwanikwa zvakawanda pamusoro pokuti gadziriro yesarudzo inosiana sei munyika, nepo USA.gov peji yeHurumende yomunzvimbomo[ inopa chisarudzo chokuwana mabasa akananga kupfurikidza nenzvimbo.

Fundo Dzenhau: Mienzaniso Yenyika Chaiyoiyo YeIntraption Voluteji

Fundo Yenhau 1: Kutsigira Dzidzo muKansas

Kwechinopfuura makore gumi, Kansas yave iri nzvimbo yehondo yokutsigira mari yechikoro pakati pedare rehurumende nematare. (8) Nemaruwa ezvikoro omunharaunda akabatwa pakati. Muna 2017, Kansas Supreme Court yakatonga kuti nzira yemari yehurumende yakanga isina kukwana uye isingasaitiki, ichiraira kuti chibvumirano chemitengo chiwedzere mari nemazana amamirioni amadhora. Masangano echikoro emo nemapoka evabereki ezvoumbavharesi anyoresa mhaka dzapakuvamba, ichiramba ichikundikana basa rayo remitemo kugovera dzidzo yakakodzera nokuda kwomwana ari wose. Muuyo: wewedzero yapashoma napashomanene muyamuro yehurumende, asi nekurukurirano dzinopfuurira pamusoro penzi dzinogoverwa pakati pemari pakati pemaruwa akapfuma nearombo.

Fundo Yechinetso 2: Muitiro Wokusava Nedzimba muLos Angeles neCalifornia

Los Angeles County yakarwisana nenjodzi yokusava nedzimba yakakanganisira zviwanikwa zvomunzvimbomo. Ruwa rwacho rwakaita matanho omunzvimbomo akadai seProposition HHH (chiyero chakabatana chedzimba) uye Earniting H (mutero unodzorwa nokuda kwebasa). Zvisinei, hurumende yakapindirawo: Project Project Homey yeCalifornia nehurumende yakasiana------ siyana inopa mari yokutsigira dzimba dzinotsigira zechigarire. Panguva imwe cheteyo, mitemo yehurumende yakadai seSB 35 surline regin retendero dzinoda kubhadharwa kwedzimba, ichishanda mitero yomunzvimbomo. Iyi mhatsa yezvirongwa zvokutanga notsigiro zvomunzvimbomo zvinoratidzira zvose zviri zviviri (kudzorwa kwebatira) uye nhamo yemifungo yehurumende yomunzvimbomo yokushandisa nyika).

Kuongorora Nhamo 3: Kuchinja Kunoita Mari muColorado

Colorado yakaita kuti mbanje ive nemitemo yezvepamutemo muna 2012. Hurumende yakagadza gadziriro yokuronga mari inodzorwa nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo(kuedza, kuyera, mitero), asi yakapa hurumende dzomunzvimbomo chisarudzo chokurambidza kana kuti kuganhurira nzvimbo dziri munyika dzadzo. Ikoku kwakatungamirira kubasa rakagadzirwa: Mabhizimisi eDenver akafunganya, nepo Colorado Springs yakavarambidza. Mitero yemo yembanje inosiyanawo, nemimwe mitero yomuraundidzo yomuraudzo. Gadziro yacho inoratidzira kuti hurumende inogona sei kuisa mutemo wakafara apo inochengeta dziviriro yomunzvimbomo, mufananidzo wakagamuchirwa mune dzimwe nyika dzepamutemo.

Kutarira Mberi: Zvimiro Zvetsika Zvenyika neRelation Relations

Miitiro inoverengeka iri kubuda ichapesvedzera kuti hurumende dzorudzi nedzemunzvimbomo dzinoshanda sei pamwe chete mumakore ari kuuya:

  • mamiriro ezvinhu akawedzerwa: Sezvo kukura kwezvamatongerwe enyika, masangano anodzorwa nebato rimwe sezvingabvira zvikuru achakurira mitemo mumaguta anodzorwa nerimwe boka. Ikoku kwakakurumbira zvikurukuru panhau dzakadai sokudzorwa kwepfuti, ganhuriro yemhoteredzo, uye mipimo yavashandi.
  • funganyo yeFiscal kubva kuchinjo dzomuitiro womubatanidzwa: Kucheka kumipiro yomubatanidzwa kana kuti chinjo kumuitiro womutero (mutoo., ganhuriro pahurumende nomutero womunzvimbomo (SALT) inogona kudzvinyirira mugariro nebhajeti dzomunzvimbomo, kuchimanikidzira zvisarudzo zvakaoma pamusoro pemwero yebasa.
  • Kuchinja kwakananga nenjodzi: Nyika dziri kuwedzera kubvisa zvirongwa zvemamiriro okunze omunharaunda, kuvaka mitemo yokushandisa mafashamo nokudzivisa moto, uye ganhuriro dzinoshandiswa munyika kuti dzidzore ngozi. Hurumende dzemo dzinofanira kuwirirana kana kuti kurasikirwa nemari yehurumende.
  • Sayenzi namashoko zvinodzora: mitemo yeHurumende pamusoro pechivande chemashoko, nzvimbo yakafara, uye ungwaru hwokuisa zvinhu zvirimo zviri kunyorwa nezvikamu zvinoganhurira kuedza kwomunzvimbomo. Maguta akadai seSeattle neAustin akavharwa kuti asaite mitemo yavo yezvakavanzika zvemashoko.
  • Kutsvaka njodzi yokukwanisa: Kukarira nzvimbo yakakwirira yenyika yomunzvimbomo sechishandiso chokuwedzera chitsama chedzimba, sezvinooneka muSB 9 yeCalifornia neOregon’s HB 2001. Iyi kombamiro ichapfuurira kukwikwidzwa nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinoda kuchengetedza vagari vomunzanga.

Mugumisiro: Kuderera Kukuru kweFederalism yeAmerica

Kutamba pakati pehurumende dzehurumende nedzenyika hakusi gadziriro yakabatana asi kutamba kunochinja nguva dzose. Inoratidzira mano ehurumende yeAmerica yeUnited States yeunyanzvi kuchinjira mitoo kumigariro yomunzvimbomo apo unenge uchichengeta wirirano yehurumende yose(ne dzvinyiriro dzayo). Nokuda kwavagari vemo, vadzidzisi, uye vaiti vemitemo, kunzwisisa ukama isati iri muitiro wedzidzo yedzidzo; idikanwo inoshanda nokuda kwokutora rutivi runobudirira muhurumende inosarudzwa navanhu.

Kupfurikidza nokuramba uchiziviswa pamusoro pokuti ndiani ane mutoro wei, kubatanidzwa pamwero yose iri miviri yomunzvimbomo nehurumende, uye kuziva ganhuriro dzapamutemo nedzomugariro wechimiro izvo, vanhu vamwe navamwe vanogona kutsigira nenzira inobudirira zvikuru nokuda kwenzanga dzavo. Nguva inotevera apo unosarudza muvhoti yedare rechikoro, unopinda musangano wedare reguta, kana kuti onana nehurumende yako pamusoro penhau yomunzvimbomo, yeuka kuti uri mutsigiri anoshingaira munhau inopfuurira yeukama hwehurumende nenzvimbo yacho (panogarwa napano) (a) inotapura pakupedzisira kunaka kwoupenyu munharaunda yako, guta rako, uye nyika yako.