Sumo: Kusarudza Sechiono CheSosaiti

Pamavambo, hurumende inosarudzwa navanhu ichitendero chokuti simba rapamutemo rinobuda kuvanhu. Nheyo iyoyo inoshandiswa zvikuru kupfurikidza nesarudzo, nhambo dzakarongwa apo rudzi runomira kusarudza nhungamiro yarwo. Kusarudza kunopfuura zvikuru ratidziro inoshanda yokutonga kwechaunga, rutyo, uye mipimo. Apo vagari vemo vanoisa mipimo yavo musengwa, havasi kusarudzwa bedzi; ivo vari kuzivisa rudzi rwenzanga rwavanoda kuvaka. Muuyo wesarudzo kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji unozivisa chinjo huru mumurangariro wavose, mirangariro yetsika, uye funganyo dzemari. Nyaya inonzvera kuti kutsaura mipimo yavanhu, chikonzero nei kuvimbisa roorano, zvinetso izvo zvinotyisidzira kuvimbika, uye mitoo ingagona kusimbisa gadziriro yehurumende.

Democracy haisati iri yakarega; inochinja sezvo vagari vemo vanotsikirira chinjo namasangano. Sarudzo iri yose inopa mufananidzo wepanomira nzanga(uye apo ingava yakananga. Kunzwisisa iyi nhevedzano pakati pesarudzo nemipimo kunokosha nokuda kwomunhu upi noupi anoda kutora rutivi nenzira ine revoruzhinji.

Mabasa Emacore Ezvisarudzo Mugadziriro Yedemocratic

Kunyange zvazvo maminitsi chaiwo achisiyana munyika dzose, mabasa aya haachinji.

Mufananidzo: Kupa Inzwi Kumirangariro Yakasiana

Gwiriranisa zvichida ibasa rinokosha zvikurusa resarudzo. Vagari vanosarudza vanoda kutsiva [[FLT] , zvinonyanya kukosha, uye pfungwa. Iyi nzira inovimbisa kuti hurumende iratidze mhatsa yezvisarudzo. Apo muvhoti anenge akwirira, chirongwa chinenge chinenge chiri chitevedzero chemitemo yavagari vemo uye maonero. Mukuwirirana ne Pew Research Center [, kudzokera muU.S. Sarudzo yapurezidhendi yachinja pakati pe50% na 67% muzana ramakore akapfuura, nekarevoreji huru yetsika dzechiverengero chavagari vemo nezera, dzinza, uye mari. Kuvhara uku kunoramba iri denho inopfuurira iyo inosanotapura sei magiramugadzirirwo.

Nokuda kwokunzvera zvikuru pamifanikiso, Conferenceal of State Legislatures [[[FLT: 1] inogovera mashoko okuenzanisa pamusoro pokuti nyika dzakasiana dzinovaka sei maruwa adzo emitemo kuti ave nechokwadi chokumirira kwakarurama.

Kuzvidavirira: Vatungamiriri Vanoramba

Sarudzo dzinotanga denderedzwa rokuzvidavirira. Vakuru vakuru vanoziva kuti vachatarisana navavhoti pasarudzo inotevera, iyo inovaita kuti vaite mufariro yavose panzvimbo peyavo vamene. Apo vavhoti vanorangarira kuti mumiriri akaputsa zvipikirwa kana kuti akabatira fariro chaidzoidzo, vanogona kuzvivhota. Uyu muitiro hauna kukwana , gerrymerning, uye mari mumatongerwe enyika inogona kunetesa kuzvidavirira kwavose panzvimbo peyavo.

Kubatanidzwa: Kuvaka Miviri

Democracy inobudirira apo vanhu vanovimbisana. Kusarudza hakusati kuri bedzi pamusoro pokuisa mubato wezvamatongerwe enyika; kunonyandura kubatanidzwa kukuru. Mibato, horo dzetaundi, kurukurirano, uye kubudisa urongwa hwezvibvumirano zvose zvinotenderera pamwero wesarudzo. Kubatanidzwa kunosimbisa batira pamwe yenzanga uye kunoyeuchidza vanhu kuti vanogoverana mutoro wenhungamiro yenyika yavo. Nzvero dzinobva ku American Political Science Review[[[[FLT: 1]] inokarakadza kuti nzanga dzine muvhoti mukuru wezvirongwa zvenzanga dzinovawo nomugarirowo wokuvimba navanhu vakasimba zvikuru.

Mutemo: Fandesheni Yechivimbo Chavose

Hurumende yakasarudzwa kupfurikidza nesarudzo yakasununguka, inoruramisira, uye inojeka inowana chiremera chetsika chokutonga. Kunyange avo vanovhota nokuda kwomutsigiri anorasikirwa sezvingabvira zvikuru kugamuchira muuyo kana vanodavira kuti muitiro wacho wakanga uri wapamutemo. Zvisinei, pamutemo inoparadzwa apo sarudzo dzinorangarirwa sedzinoiswa pasarudzo, dzinodzvinyirirwa, kana kuti dzakashatiswa. Kuchengeta chivimbo kunoda tarisiro yokuzvitonga yazvimirira, kuverenga kwokuwedzera, uye miitiro yakasimba nokuda kwechibvumirano. Brenan Center yeRumbiso [[FLT]] inotyisidzira kurusarudzo netsigiro nokuda kwemiitiro inodzivirira chivimbo chavose.

Kuzivisa Kunoita Tsika DzeSosaiti

Nhau dzinodzora mwaka wesarudzo kazhinji kazhinji dzinobatira seratidzirwo yeizvo vavhoti vanoitira hanya zvikurusa pamusoro pezvikurusa panguva iyoyo. Tsika hadzina kuchinjika; dzinochinja mukupindura zviitiko, masangano, uye chinjo yechizvarwa. Pasi apa zvinhu zvikuru zvinopesvedzera kuti mipimo iratidzike sei mumiuyo yesarudzo.

Masangano Enzanga Nezvinhu Zvokutanga Patsika

Nhau inoratidza kuti masangano etsanga anogona kudzosera muganhu wenzvimbo. Sangano rekodzero dzavagari vemo rama 1960 rakasunda kupfuudzwa kweVoting Rights Act neCivil Rights Act, izvo zvakachinjawo kurongeka kwezvamatongerwe enyika kwenharaunda dzose. Munguva pfupi yapfuura zvikuru, masangano akadai seBlack Lives Matter, Vakadzi, uye maschinitionism akasunda vada kuva nenzvimbo paruramisiro yedzinza, kuva nohuenzani hwechirume, uye muitiro wemhoteredzo. Apo vanoona zvinodikanwa zvesangano zvinodzokorokoroko munhimbe, sezvingabvira zvikuru kuratidzira panzvero.

Somuenzaniso, kuvhota kwapurezidhendi weU.S. 2020 kwakaona chinyorwa pakati pavavhoti vaduku, chakasundwa zvikurukuru neitiro hanya pamusoro peruramisiro yenzanga nechinjo yomugariro wokunze. Mukuwirirana ne [[FLT: 0] CORCY paTufts University, muvhoti wepwere akawedzera namapfundo 11 muzana kubva muna 2016, chiratidzo chakajeka chokuti mipimo yechizvarwa chino yakanga ichiratidzirwa nebhokisi rebhorati.

Mamiriro Ezvinhu Ezvemari uye Kuzvinetsa Zvikuru

Nhando dzezvokunyama +jobs, kukwira kwemitengo, mitero, mutengo wezvoutano. (jee) Vatyairi vane simba rokuvhota. Kana mari yakasimba, vavhoti vanowanzopa mubayiro vamanikidzi; apo inenge isina simba, vanotsvaka chinjo. Asi mipimo yemari inopfuura nhamba dzezvisaririra zvehomwe. Mitemo mizhinji inosimudzira ruramisiro inosimudzira ruramisiro, yakadai semitero inofambira mberi kana kuti mambure ekotsekanyo, kunyange kana miitiro iyoyo isingavabatsiri ivo pachavo. Kuoma pakati pomunhu mumwe nomumwe anoitira hanya zvikuru negarikano yavose ndiwo musoro unodzokororwa muzvisarudzo munyika yose.

Kuchinja Kwetsika Nokuchinja Kwetsika

Sangano dziri kuva dzakasiana zvikuru munenge mumativi ose: dzinza, dzinza, rudzidziso, uye chizvarwa. Kusarudza kunoratidzira idzi chinjo sezvo zvimiro zvitsva zvakabatanidza kuva nemhesano nezvinoitika. Somuenzaniso, pesvedzero inokura yavavhoti veLatino neAsian America muUnited States vakaita chinjo yokubuda nokupinda mumutauro nhau huru mumadzinza akawanda. Nenzira yakafanana, kugamuchirwa kukuru kweLGBTQ+ kodzero kwakasunda dziviriro dzeroorano nedzisiri dzechishamiso kubva mumisoro inopesana kuenda kuzvipikirwa zvikuru.

Zvinobudisa Mashoko Nemasangano Emashoko

Madzidzire anoita vavhoti pamusoro pevanoda kusarudzwa nenhau ane pesvedzero huru pamipimo inoratidzirwa pabhokisi rebhukwana. Zvinobudisa nhau zvamagariro avanhu, zvikamu zvesociation, uye kushambadza kwezvamatongerwe enyika zvose zvinoumba kunzwisisa kwavanhu. Kuparadzana kwezvinobudisa nhau − uko vanhu vanogona kusarudza manyuko amashoko anosimbisa mirangariro yavo nechinhu chinoparira kuparara. Manyuko akasiana-sha angaisa mipimo yakasiana kunyange apo vanogoverana mavara mamwe chetewo echigaro chenyika. Nhamburiko dzokuvandudza kurava nokunyora nokunyora mashoko kwamashoko kunokosha kuvimbisa kuti migumisiro yesarudzo inoratidzira zvirokwazvo kudavidza.

Basa Rinokosha Rokubatanidzwa Kwechikomba

Kuvimbisana kweChibvumirano kunobatanidza zvakawanda kupfuura kuvhota, kuzvipira nokuda kwenhimbe, kupinda misangano yenzanga, kuonana nevakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa, uye kutsigira nhau.

Kunyora: Chiito Chokutanga

Kupa chiito chimwe chine simba zvikurusa icho mugari wemo anogona kuita muhurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Vhoti iri yose itsinhiro yakananga yemipimo. Chipopopo vavhoti vazhinji vakakodzera havavhoti. Mipinyi inobatanidza mitemo inoganhurira, maawa okuvhota akaganhurirwa, kushaikwa kwechokufambisa, uye kungonzwa kuti vhoti yomunhu haikoshi. Kubvisa izvi zvinodzivisa kupfurikidza nezvisakiso zveposi, kunyoresa kwezuva rimwe chete, uye kuvhota kwokukurumidza kwakaratidzwa kuwedzera zvikuru. Hurumende dzakagamuchira chinjo dzakadaro, dzakadai seColoradoradow neOregon, dzinoramba dzichiona mwero yakakwirira yokutora rutivi.

Kungwarira uye Kuita Zvinhu

Kupfuura kuvhota, kuvhota kunobvumira vagari vemo kumanikidza kuti vachinjire maruramiro okuvhota. Masangano ekodzero dzokuvhota, kugadziridza mari yenhimbe, uye kuisa pachena kunovimba nevashingairi vanoronga, vagamuchiri, uye vadzidzisi. Kudzosa kudzongonyedza manzwi enzanga dzakaganhurirwa uye anogona kubvisa windo reAverton. Nhamba yepfungwa dzinorangarirwa kuva dzinogamuchirika muhurukuro yavose. Masangano anobudisa nhau akaita kuti kuve nyore kuwanika, asi kwakakuitawo kuti kuve nyore kuti kusarurama kuparadzike. Kubudirira kwemashoko kunoda maidi, kuvaka, kusimbisa, uye kupfuurira.

Kuronga Nzanga

Gadziriro yenzanga inonangidzira ngwariro pakuunganidza vanhu pamwero womunzvimbomo. Mapoka enharaunda, chechi, mibatanidzwa, uye zvisabetsera zvose zvinoita basa mukusvitsa vanhu kunzvero. Kuronga kuvaka chivimbo ndokuchinja nhau dzisiri dzendangariro kuva zvinhu zvinonetsa zvomunhu oga. Inoshanda zvikuru munzanga dzine nhamburiko dzamagamuchidzanwa, dzakadai senharaunda dzinowana mari shoma nenzanga dzemavara. Masangano akafanana ne [[FLT] [FLT] [F] ane nhau refu yokunyoresa nokuwana pamutemo uye kuwana mutengo wenhau yezvokunyoresa.

Dzidzo Yemibatanidzwa

Vavhoti vanodzidziswa vanoita zvisarudzo zviri nani. Kudzidzisa kuti hurumende inoshanda sei, kuti ingayera sei manyuko, uye kuti ingatora sei rutivi sei. Nenzira isingafadzi, gadziriro zhinji dzezvikoro dzakaderedza mirayiridzo yehurumende. Kumutsidzirwazve kwedzidzo yehurumende, kubatanidza mapurogiramu ayo anotevedzera sarudzo, anokurudzira kurukurirano, uye kunyora zvinobudisa mashoko, zvinogona kupa simba chizvarwa chinotevera kuti chiite mutsinhano. Kamba yeCBIC D Education inopa vadzidzisi nezviwanikwa zvenzanga.

Mhinganidzo Dzinodzora Kusarudzwa Kwehurumende

Kupota nyika yose, hurumende dzinorwisana nemiitiro inokanganisa kuratidzwa kwechido chakakurumbira.

Kudzvinyirirwa Nemagetsi

Kudzvinyirira kweVoter kunonongedzera kumuitiro upi noupi unokuita kuti kuve kwakaomera vagari vemo vakakodzera kuvhota. Ikoku kunogona kubatanidza mitemo yemivhoti yorumano, kubvisa mavhoti mabhuroko, kuderedza mahwindo okuvhota apakuvamba, kuvhara nzvimbo dzokuvhotera munharaunda duku, uye kuda zvinyorwa zvekodzero yokuva mugari wemo. Mitemo yakadaro inotapura nomutoo usingaenzaniswi zvikuru mapoka akasaidzwa munhau, kubatanidza vanhu vane ruvara, vakwegura, uye vadzidzi. ACLU] uye mamwe masangano anodenha nenzira inoshingaira nhamburiko dzokudzivisa mudare.

Gerrymandering

Gerrymaninder kuchinjwa kwemiganhu yeruwa yevhota kuti idivi rakati kana kuti boka. Apo maruwa anokweverwa kuzorongedza kana kuti kuvhota crack, mutengi wedare rinovapo haaratidzi zvakarurama mugove wevhoti yose. Somuenzaniso, mune dzimwe nyika, boka rinowana 45% bedzi yevhota rehurumende yose rinogona kuchengetedza ruzhinji rwezvigaro zvemitemo. Masangano eReformation anosimudzira masangano anozvimirira ediction coligion nerealgorictics zvinoisa mubatanidzwa nesangano renzanga.

Mashoko Asina Kunaka Nemashoko Asina Kunaka

Kupararira kwamashoko enhema kana kuti anotsausa kunogona kukanganisa kunzwisisa kwavavhoti nokuda kwavada kufunda nenhau. Kupindira kwedzimwe nyika, masangano esocial media, uye mashoko anoparadzirwa ose anogona kuparira chinetso ichi. Misformation inogona kuderedza chivimbo mumuitiro wezvisarudzo pachawo (sezvimwe, kutaura kwenhema pamusoro pokuvhota kwakapararira kunogona kutungamirira vanhu kupanikira kuva nokutendeseka kwemigumisiro. Kurwisa mashoko asina kururama kunoda mubatanidzwa wemitemo yechiteshi, kurava nemashoko, uye kudzora idi nemasangano akazvimirira akaita se FactCC. org]

Kuchinja Zvematongerwe Enyika

Kupesana kukuru pakati pemapati namapoka epfungwa kunoita kuti kubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira kuve kwakaoma uye kunogona kutungamirira kurumano. Kuchinja kunotapurawo sarudzo kupfurikidza nokukurudzira kuvhota kwakaipa uye kuderedza kudisa kwavavhoti kurangarira vadaviri veimwe nharaunda. Mumhoteredzo dzine mativi akasiana zvikuru, vanoda kutamburira kuwana nhevedzano, uye vasarudzo vanova vakaparadzana zvikuru. Kuchinja tsvina kungada chinjo dzenyuruso dzakadai sokuvhota, uko kunoisa vatsvaki vanopfuura nzvimbo yavo.

Mari Muzvamatongerwe Enyika

Nhimbe dzinoshandiswa dzawedzera zvikuru, zvikurukuru pashure pezvisarudzo zvakadai se United v.FEC iyo yakabvumira kushandwa kwebhizimisi nokuzvimirira. Vanosimudzira mari zhinjisa kazhinji kazhinji vane betsero huru mukuzivikanwa nezita nokuzivisa, uko kunogona kunyudza manzwi avapfumi vashomanene navatsi vavo. Cantination religinism formation jrong of revolution, ganhuriro, uye zvinodikanwa zvokuoneka.

Kuchinja Nguva Yemberi Yokusarudza Kwehurumende

Kuchinja zvinhu kwakasiyana - siyana kunoratidza kuti vanhu vachasarudza zvinhu zvinokosha.

Ruzivo Rwokugadzira Mazaya Ounyanzvi Rwokugadzira Mari

Ruzivo rwokuvhota rwakachengeteka, runosvikwa, uye runowanika norunoshandiswa runogona kuwedzera kutora rutivi nokuvimba. Mapepa ane michina yeoctrators anorangarirwa seakachengeteka zvikuru kupfuura gadziriro dzose dzemagetsi. Mubatanidzwa weOnline, vhoti paposi, uye nzvimbo dzokuvhotera dzapakuvamba dzinoita kuti zvive nyore kuti vanhu vane zvirongwa zvakati wandei kana kuti urema varasikirwe kukanda mabharakiti avo. Zvisinei, ruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu runofanira kuitwa nokungwarira kudzivisa ngozi dzeichimbichimbidziko.

Kuchinja Kwegadziriro Yezvinhu

Kuvhota kwapaburi retsoropodzi (RCV), kumirira kwapakati, uye maprimrigial ari kuwana kunyorwa senzira dzokuderedza nadzo nyika inodzorwa nokupa vavhoti zvisarudzo zvine revo zvikuru. RCV inobvumira vavhoti kuisa vadaviri munhevedzano yedanho. Kana pasina mutendi akawana voruzhinji, mutsigiri wepfupi akaderedzwa, uye vhoti dzinobviswa kusvikira mumwe mutevedzeri asvika 50 muzana. Ikoku kunoderedza "spoiler" muuyo uye kukurudzira kukwidza kurudza kumubatanidzwa mukurusa. Maine naAlaska vakagamuchira RCV nokuda kwesarudzo rwomubatanidzwa, uye maruwa akawanda ari kurangarira chinjo dzakafanana.

Dzidzo Yemibatanidzwa Nokutanga Kuita Zvimwe Zvinhu

Zvikoro, masangano asingapinzi mhindu, uye masangano enhau anogona kubatira pamwe kuti atange tsika yokutora rutivi munzanga. Zvirongwa zvakafanana ne Vote inonangidzira ngwariro pakunyoresa vavhoti vaduku, nepo vamwe vachipa masuo pamusoro penzira yokutsvaka nzvimbo kana kuti kupinda mubato. Kuwedzera zivo yavanhu nezvinotenderwa zvikuru uye navagari vemo vakawanda.

Kusimbisa Kutungamirira Kwokusarudza uye Chivimbo

Independent, masangano esarudzo asingatsigiri mirau yakajeka uye mari yakakwana inokosha. Kujeka mukuverenga nokuongorora vhoti, pamwe nemiitiro yakajeka nokuda kwemishumo nekakavadzano, zvinovaka chivimbo chavose. Kushuma pachena nguva dzose pamuvhoti, nhamba dzokunyoresa, uye zvitezo zvekudzivirira zvesarudzo zvinogonawo kubatsira kubvisa muitiro. Vacherekedzi vemarudzi ose, vakadai saavo vanobva kusangano reSarudzo nebatira pamwe muEurope, vanogona kugovera kusimbiswa kwenzeve pachena kuti kusarudzo dzakasununguka uye dzinoruramisira.

mhedziso

Kusarudza kunopfuura zvikuru zviitiko zvokutonga; itsika yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Kunozivisa zvatinoitira hanya, vatinovimba navo, uye rudzii rwenguva yemberi rwatinofungidzira nokuda kwedu timene navana vedu. Apo vagari vemo vanotora rutivi ($nekuvhota, kutsigira, kuronga, uye kudzidzisa) zvinova nechokwadi chokuti hurumende inoramba iri chiratidzo chetsika dzavanhu. Bva democracy haitani kuderera. Voter desictate, mashoko okushatisa, tsvina, uye mari mune zvematongerwe enyika zvinogona kushatisa kurangarira ikoko. Kuziva izvi tyisidziro nokushanda kuti dziite mutoro wevagari vemo vose.

Nguva yemberi yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu inotsamira pakuzvipira kurunako, kusingasaruri, uye kusingadzorwi. Kupfurikidza nokugamuchira chinjo dzakadai sokuvhota kwakatanhamara, ruzivo rwokuvhota rwazvino uno, uye kuisa mari mudzidzo yavagari vemo, nzanga dzinogona kuvaka gadziriro dzinomirira zvakarurama zvikuru kuda kwavasaruri. Pakupedzisira, utano hwehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu hunoyerwa kwete nokukudzwa kwezvivako zvahwo, asi kupfurikidza nokuperera kwesarudzo dzayo noukuru hwekuvimbisana kwavagari vayo. Vota iri yose chidimbu munheyo yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu.