Sarudzo dzinomiririra chinhu chikuru chehurumende yegutsaruzhinji yeAmerica, inoshanda sechinhu chikuru chinoshandiswa nehurumende yeUnited States kusarudza vatungamiriri vayo pamwero uri wose. Kubva kunhengo dzedare rezvikoro zvemo kusvikira kuPurezidhendi weUnited States, kusarudza kunopa vagari vemo simba rokusarudza kuti vasarudze kuti ndiani achamiririra zvavanoda voita kuti vaite zvisarudzo zvine chokuita noupenyu hwavo hwezuva nezuva. Iyi nhungamiro yakakwana inoongorora kuti masanrudzo eUnited States anoshanda sei, marudzi akasiyana - siyana ezvisarudzo, masangano anobatanidzwa, uye nei achibatanidzwa muzvinhu zvokuvhota muvagari veAmerica vose.

Kunzwisisa Hwaro Hwezvisarudzo zveAmerica

Panzvimbo pokuvhota zvakananga pamutemo uri wose nechisarudzo chemitemo, vamiriri veAmerica vanosarudza avo vanoita zvisarudzo zvehurumende nokuda kwavo. Iyi gadziriro yakasanogadzirwa naMadzibaba Akawanikwa kuti adzikamise kuda kwavanhu nerangariro dzinoshanda.

Micters iputsika yomuitiro wokusarudza yakaoneswa muChikamu I cheBumbiro reMitemo reU.S., umo mitezo yose yeImba yavamiriri yeU.S. uye inenge chikamu chimwe chezvitatu chemitezo yeDare reUnited States zviri kubhadharwa makore maviri ari ose. iyi dare rinovimbisa mikana yenguva dzose yokuti vagari vemo vasarudzwe kuti vazvidavirire uye vatsidzire utungamiriri hwehurumende.

Sarudzo muUnited States dzinoitika pamwero mizhinji yehurumende, kuchiumba gadziriro yakaoma asi ine udzame yemimiriri yedemokrasi. Vagari vanotora rutivi musarudzo yehurumende kuti vasarudze vatungamiriri vorudzi, sarudzo dzehurumende kusarudza vatongi vehurumende, uye sarudzo dzomunzvimbomo kuti vasarudze vanamagavhuna vehurumende, mitezo yedare yeguta, vamiriri vedare rechikoro, uye vamwe vakuru vakuru venzanga. Mwero mumwe nomumwe wehurumende unotaura mativi akasiyana emiitiro yavose, kubva kudziviriro yenyika nekutengeserana kwenyika pamwero yehurumende yehurumende kusvikira kukugadzira mitemo nemitemo yechikoro chomunzvimbomo pamwero wehurumende.

Gadziriro Yapurezidhendi Yokusarudza

Sarudzo iyi inoita kuti pave nezvikamu zvakasiyana - siyana, kutanga nezvisarudzo zvikuru uye kupedzisira nokusarudzwa kwevanhu vose.

Electoral College System

Electoral College ibasa rakakurumbira, kwete nzvimbo. VanaBaba vokuwana vakarigadza muBumbiro remitemo, murutivi, sokusabvumirana pakati pesarudzo yaPurezidhendi nevhota muCongress uye sarudzo yaPurezidhendi kupfurikidza nevhota yakakurumbira yavagari vemo vakakwaniriswa. Iyi tsika yechienzi inosiyanisa sarudzo yapurezidhendi weAmerica naavo vari mune dzimwe hurumende dzinosarudzwa navanhu.

Electoral College ine 538 vavhoti. Mavhoti 270 evavhoti anodikanwa kuvhota Purezidhendi. Nyika imwe neimwe inogamuchira chiverengero chakati chamavhoti akaenzana nenhume dzayo dzose dzinobatanidzwa neboka racho (nguva dzose mbiri) uye vamiriri (zvinosiana nemhaka yavagari vemo). Ruwa rweColumbia runogoverwa savasaruri 3 uye runobatwa seHurumende nokuda kwezvinangwa zveElectoral College muPrimende ye23 Hurumende.

Apo vaAmerica vanokanda vvuruki yavo muvhota yapurezidhendi, ivo chaizvoizvo vavhotera vavhoti vakasarudzwa vavada kuvhota voga panzvimbo pazvo vamene. Nyika dzine makumi mana navasere neWashington, D.C. dzinopa mutero mavhoti avo ose avhota kuna muvhoti anowana vhota zvikuru zvikuru. Mavhoti maviri ndeaMaine (vavhoti vana vakasarudzwa) uye Nebraska (Tshanu), iro rimwe nerimwe rinoita vhoti mbiri vavhoti vanoenda kumunhu anowana mavhota makurusa. Mavhoti asara anogoverwa kuvatsi vanohwina murunga mumwe nomumwe murunga woruwa rworuwa rwedare rimwe nerimwe, kureva kuti mavhoti avhotera anenge aparadzani pakati pevaviri vanopfuura vanopfuura.

Tsika iyi yaita gakava rinopfuurira munhau yose yeAmerica. Zvinobvira kuti mudaviri ahwine vhoti dzakawanda munyika asi arasikirwe nevhoti inosarudzwa, pakupedzisira achirasikirwa nesarudzo. Sarudzo umo muwinwiridziri wemavhoti akawandasai voga angoitika kashanu bedzi munhau yeUnited States, nguva pfupi yapfuura muna 2016 na 2000, pasinei zvapo nezvirongwa zvakasiyana - siyana zvokuchinja, Electoral College iri muU.S.Bumbiro remitemo ringada kugadzirisa muitiro wacho.

Kusarudza Kunokosha Nokushandisa

Pamberi pesarudzo yavose, mapati ezvamatongerwe enyika anofanira kusarudza kuti muitiroi wechisarudzo uchaamirira. uyu muitiro wokusarudza unoitika kupfurikidza nesarudzo huru uye zvisarudzo zvinochengetwa mumativi ose enyika. iyi sarudzo huru ichasarudza kuti ndoupi anosarudzwa kumirira mubato wezvamatongerwe enyika mumwe nomumwe nokuda kwenhangemutange imwe neimwe yesangano.

Sarudzo huru dzinosarudza kuti vada kutora vapi vachava pasarudzo yavose muna November, uye mitemo yavo inosiana zvikuru munyika dzose.

Vamwe vanoshandisa zvigaro zvakavharwa, izvo zvinobvumira mitezo yebato rezvamatongerwe enyika bedzi kutora rutivi. Vamwe vanoshandisa zvikwata zvakazaruka, umo vavhoti vangakwanisa kusarudza kuti inzvimbo ipi huru yebato yokutora rutivi mazviri. Nyika shomanene dzine nzvimbo dzinotsiva umo vose vanokwikwidzana kufambira mberi kurusarudzo rwavose pabhora rimwe uye vavhoti vose vangatora rutivi pasinei zvapo nebato.

Iyi gadziriro yokutanga inobvumira mitezo yebato navavhoti kuva neshoko rakananga mukusarudza mubato wavo, kudzora muitiro waichimbodzorwa chose chose noutungamiriri hwebato. Mwaka mukuru unowanzovamba mumavambo egore resarudzo uye unopfuurira kusvikira mukupera kwezhizha, nehurumende imwe neimwe ichisarudza musi wayo imene mukati meiyi windo.

Kusarudza Kworuzhinji

Sarudzo yavose inoitwa makore mana ari ose paChipiri pashure poMuvhuro wokutanga muna November. iyi nguva yakagadzwa nomutemo wehurumende muzana ramakore rechi 19 kuti igovere karenda yokurima neganhuriro dzokufamba dzenhambo iyoyo, uye ichiri kushanda nhasi.

Kuwedzera uku kwokuvhota kwave kuchiitwa kuchiita kuti zvive nyore kuvanhu vokuAmerica, vaya vakaremara, vashandi vemauto vakaiswa mhiri kwemakungwa, uye vamwe vangatarisana nezvinetso zvokuvhota paChipiri chakati kuti vatore rutivi mugadziriro youtongi hwehurumende.

Pashure pokunge vavhota paZuva Rokusarudza, vakuru vakuru vesarudzo vachapfuurira kuverenga mavhoti ndokusimbisa miuyo, muitiro ungapedzwa munhau yemazuva kana kuti kusvikira kuvhiki dzinoverengeka kuchitsamira pamutemo wehurumende. Vavhoti panguva iyoyo vanosangana mudzimbahwe ravo rehurumende rakatsaukana muna December kuti vasarudze mavhoti avo akasarudzwa, uye Dare rinoisa mavhoti aya mukuvamba kwaJanuary kuti vasarudze nenzira yapamutemo mukundi.

Kusarudza kweCongress: Bazu Romutemo

Nepo sarudzo yapurezidhendi ichigamuchirwa kubatanidzwa kukurusa kwezvinobudisa nhau, sarudzo dzedare dzinokosha zvakafanana mukushanda kwehurumende yehurumende yegutsaruzhinji yeAmerica.Congress ine makamuri maviri: Imba yaVamiriri neDare, imwe neimwe ine nhevedzano dzamasarudzo nezvivako zvakasiyana.

Imba Yevamiriri

Zvigaro zvose 435 muImba yavamiriri yeU.S. zvinokwirira nokuda kwesarudzo makore maviri ari ose. Vamiriri vanobatira mashoko amakore maviri, kureva vavhoti vane mabanza anowanzoita kuti vamiriri vavo vazvidavirire kana kuti kuchinja nhungamiro kana vasingagutswi nebasa romumiriri wavo.

Mutezo mumwe nomumwe weImba unomirira ruwa rwakati rwedare mukati meruwa rwawo. Miganhu yoruwa inodzokororwazve makore gumi ari ose pashure pokuverengwa kwavanhu kwerudzi kuti vave nechokwadi chokuva nemhesano yakaenzana. Mamepu anorondedzera maruwa emisangano anodzokororwazve makore 10 ari ose, pashure pokuverengwa. Uyu muitiro wokuchinja unogona kutapura zvikuru miuyo yesarudzo uye yazova inova inomutsa nharo zvikuru mumakore achangobva kupfuura aya.

Sarudzo dzinoshandisa nzira yakapfava: muvhoti zvikurusa muruwa rumwe norumwe anowana chigaro. Hakuna Electoral College kana kuti gadziriro yokufambisa nokuda kwamarudzi esangano. Iyi mufananidzo wakananga unoreva kuti mitezo yeImba inowanzochengeta batano dzapedyo nenzanga dzayo dzomunzvimbomo uye inonangidzira ngwariro panhau dzine chokuita zvikuru namaruwa avo.

Kusarudzwa kweDare

Dare rinoshanda parudungwe rwakasiana kupfuura Imba. Majeni anokamurwa kuva mapoka matatu ane mashoko anozunguzirwa, zvokuti boka rakasiana rinosarudzwa makore maviri ari ose. Mutezo mumwe nomumwe anoshanda shoko ramakore matanhatu, achigovera dzikamo huru uye achibvumira vamiriri kuva nemirangariro mirefu panhau dzemitemo.

Mitezo yedzimba inomirira maruwa, vatenzi vanomirira nyika dzose. Hurumende imwe neimwe inosarudza vatenzi vaviri pasinei zvapo noukuru hwechiverengero chavagari vemo, kureva Wyoming neCalifornia mumwe nomumwe ane vatenzi vaviri pasinei zvapo navanhu vawo vakasiana zvikuru. Ichi chivako chakagadzirirwa kudzikamisa mamiriro akavakirwa pavagari vemo muImba nomufananidzo wehurumende wakaenzana muDare.

Sarudzo dzeDare dzinoshandisawo gadziriro yakakurumbira yakakurumbira yamavhoti munyika imwe neimwe. Mudanho anogamuchira vhoti zvikurusa munyika yose anowana chigaro cheDare. Dzimwe nyika dzinoda voruzhinji (inopfuura 50%) panzvimbo pokungova vazhinji, kuchinyandura sarudzo pakati pavadaviri vakakwirira kana pasina munhu anosvika voruzhinji musarudzo yokutanga.

Kusarudza Pakati Pezvisarudzo: Chikamu Chinotambudza Chedemocratic Chereche

MuUnited States, nhengo dzapakati dzinoitwa makore mana ari ose. Dzinowana zita radzo muidi rokuti dzinoitika pakati peshoko rapurezidhendi. Sarudzo idzi dzinokosha nokuda kwokuchengeta kuzvidavirira kwehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu uye kubvumira vavhoti kupindura kumubato wapurezidhendi akagara.

Mukusarudza kwenhambo yepakati, kuumbwa kwedare kunosarudzwa. Congress iri chaizvoizvo pabhorati. Zvigaro zvose 435 muImba yaVamiririri veU.S. uye chikamu chimwe chezvigaro (100) muDare reU.S. zviripo nokuda kwokuvhota. Kuwedzerazve, nyika zhinji dzinoronga kusarudza kwavo uye hurumende kutsika kumativi apakati, naizvozvo vavhoti vangaona madzinza iwayo pamwe chete nehurumende uye zvigaro zvomunzvimbomo pazvigaro zvavo 2026.

Kunokosha kuvhota pakati pesarudzo nemhaka yokuti uri kusarudza vanhu vachazadza bazu reLegislative ndokumirira fariro dzehurumende yako panzvimbo pokurangarira nyika yose. Kokorodzano yeCongress inogona kupesvedzera zvikuru izvo mitemo inotangwa uye izvo zvirongwa zvapurezidhendi zvichabudirira kana kuti kukundikana.

Munhau, mapurezidhendi anokandwa kazhinji kazhinji anotarisana nokurasikirwa pakati penhambo, sezvo izvi sarudzo kazhinji kazhinji zvichirangarirwa sechisarudzo padare rinodzorwa nebato rake. Kuvambira muna 1934 kusvikira muna 2018 muWhite House yakarasikirwa neavhareji yezvigaro 28 zveDzimba uye zvigaro 4 zveDare pakati penhambo. Uyu muitiro unoratidzira kombamiro yavavhoti kuti vashandise sarudzo pakati penguva kuti varatidze kutendera kana kuti kusatendera kuita kwapurezidhendi uye kugovera cheki pamakurukota.

Sezvineiwo, kutora rutivi zvikurukuru kwakaderera musarudzo pakati penhambo kupfuura musarudzo dzapurezidhendi, pasinei zvapo noukoshi hwadzo. dzidzo yeCBIVI nenhamburiko dzokuvhota zvinosimbisa nenzira inowedzera ukoshi hwokutora rutivi pakati penhambo nokuda kwokuchengeta kuzvidavirira kwehurumende.

Hurumende Nezvisarudzo Zvomunzvimbomo

Nepo sarudzo dzehurumende dzichigamuchira ngwariro yenyika zvikurusa, sarudzo dzehurumende nedzemunzvimbomo kazhinji kazhinji dzine tapuro yakananga zvikurusa paupenyu hwevagari vemo. Sarudzo idzi dzinosarudza kuti ndiani anoita zvisarudzo pamusoro pezvikoro, migwagwa, chengeteko yavose, kugarwa kwenzvimbo, mitero, uye dzimwe nhau dzisingaverengeki dzinotapura nzanga zvakananga.

Kusarudza Kunoita Zvokudya

Gavhuna vanobatira savakuru vakuru vehurumende dzavo, vanoshandisa simba rinokosha pamuitiro wenyika, bhajeti, uye udzori. Nyika zhinjisa dzinoita sarudzo dzamagavhuna makore mana ari ose, kunyange zvazvo dzimwe hurumende dzichisarudza makore maviri ari ose. Masangano mazhinji anoronga sarudzo dzawo dzehurumende mukati mamakore apakati kuti arambe akaparadzana nezvisarudzo zvapurezidhendi, achibvumira vavhoti kuisa ngwariro panhau dzehurumende dzakananga.

Gavhuna vane simba guru pamusoro pedzidzo, zvirongwa zvokutarisira utano, ruramisiro youtsotsi, kubudirira kwezvemari, uye mitemo yemhoteredzo munyika dzavo.

Mitemo yeHurumende

Nyika imwe neimwe kunze kweNebraska ine chirongwa chebhikameral chine imba nesenate (kunyange zvazvo dzimwe nyika dzichishandisa mazita akasiyana).Vaiti vemitemo vehurumende vanoita mitemo inodzora chinhu chiri chose kubva kumirau yemotokari kusvikira kumirayiridzo yenyanzvi, kubva pamipimo yedzidzo kusvikira kumiitiro yezvoutano. Sarudzo idzi dzinoitika makore maviri kana mana oga oga oga, zvichitsamira pahurumende.

Masangano ehurumende anoitawo mabasa anokosha mumaruwa emisangano yemaruwa, achigadza miitiro yesarudzo, uye mune zvimwe zviitiko, achisarudza vasaruri vedare. Kuumbwa kwevatongi vehurumende kunogona kuita migumisiro inokosha panhau dzinobva pakubvisa pamuviri kusvika kumitemo yepfuti kuenda kumitemo yemitero.

Zvisarudzo Zvomunzvimbomo

Sarudzo dzamaminisiparati dzinosarudza meya, nhengo dzedare reguta, vamiririri veruwa, nhengo dzedare rezvikoro, vatongi, vatongi, uye vamwe vakuru vakuru vemo vakawanda. Sarudzo idzi dzinowanzova nengwariro shoma asi dzinogona kuva netapuro yapakarepo pamugariro woupenyu wavagari vemo.

Vakuru vakuru vemo vanoita zvisarudzo pamusoro pezvidzidzo zvechikoro uye mari yokushandisa, miitiro yemapurisa, kuvaka nokubudirira, mitero yomunharaunda, mapaka nevaraidzo, zvokufambisa zvavose, uye mamwe mabasa asingaverengeki ayo vagari vemo vanoshandira pamwe navo.Sarudzo dzezvikoro, somuenzaniso, dzinosarudza kuti ndiani anoronga zvokutanga zvedzidzo uye anogovera zvinhu kuzvikoro zvomuguta. Sarudzo dzedare remuguta rino rinoumba nzanga, mirau yebhizimisi, uye mabasa emasipala.

Sarudzo dzomunzvimbomo dzinowanzobatanidza zvitsauko zvokuvhota kana kuti mavhota, kuchibvumira vagari vemo kuvhota zvakananga pamibvunzo yomuitiro yakadai sewedzero dzemitero, nhau dzechisungo nokuda kwegadziriro dzemipimo, kana kuti chinjo kumitemo yomunzvimbomo. Iyi nzvimbo yehurumende yedemocracy inopa vavhoti simba rokuita muitiro wapakarepo kupfuura kungosarudza vamiriri.

Kunyoresa Kwaiitwa Vanhu Nezvavaiita Kuti Vave Vatsvene

Kuti vatore rutivi musarudzo, vagari vemo vanofanira kutanga kunyoresa kuvhota. zvinodikanwa zvokunyoresa zvinosiyana nehurumende, asi kazhinji kazhinji zvinoda kuti vanhu vave vagari veUnited States, vasvitse zvinodikanwa zvezera duku (makore 18 okukura paZuva Rokuvhota), uye kugara munzvimbo umo vanonyoresa.

Nyika dzakawanda dzinoda kuti vavhoti vanyorese Zuva Rokusarudza risati rasvika, uye kuti pave nenguva yokunyoresa inobvira pamazuva 30 kusvika kumazuva okunyoresa mune dzimwe nyika.

Dzimwe nyika dzakashandisa kunyoresa kwevavhoti, uko vagari vemo vakakodzera vanonyoreswa pamutemo pavanoshanda nemasangano ehurumende akadai seDhipatimendi reMotor Vehicles.

Zvinodikanwa zvokuzivisa zvinosiyanawo zvikuru nehurumende. Dzimwe nyika dzinoda zvizivikanwo zvemifananidzo panzvero dzacho, nepo dzimwe dzichigamuchira zvimiro zvakasiyana - siyana zvokuzivisa kana kuti dzichibvumira vavhoti kusaina vatsigiri vanosimbisa kuzivikanwa kwavo. izvi zvinodikanwa zvazova nharo mune zvematongerwe enyika, nekurukurirano pamusoro pokudzikamisa chengeteko yesarudzo nokuwana vhoti.

Kushambadza Mari Nezvamatongerwe Enyika

Vanoita vvuki vemabhizimisi vanounganidza mari yokutsigira vashandi vanoshanda munhimbe, kushambadza, kufamba, kuvhota, uye kuvhota.

Vagari vemo vamwe navamwe vanogona kupa zvitsama zvakaganhurirwa zvakananga kuvanoda kupiwa, nepo matare ezviito ezvematongerwe enyika (PAC) uye maPC makuru anogona kukwidza ndokupedza zvitsama zvikuru, zviri pasi pemirau yakasiana - siana nezvinodikanwa zvokuzivisa.

Kushambadza kwezvamatongerwe enyika kunodzora kurukurirano yenzanga, kuchibvumira vadavi kusvika kuvavhoti zvakananga uye kugonesa nokukurumidza uye kuita chiito kuvavengi nezvinoitika.

Gakava nenzvimbo dzinoitirwa nharo zvinogovera mikana yokuti vadaviri vataure nzvimbo dzavo ndokuzvisiyanisa nevavengi. Nhau dzaPrezidhendi, zvikurukuru, dzinokwezva vateereri vakawanda uye dzinogona kupesvedzera zvikuru vavhoti. Vavhoti venzvimbo nehoro dzetaundi vanobvumira vavhoti kubatanidzwa zvakananga navanoda kushandira hurumende nehofisi dzomunzvimbomo.

Mapati Ezvamatongerwe Enyika Nezviito Zvokuzvimirira

Nepo Bumbiro reMitemo reU.S. risingadudzi mabato ezvamatongerwe enyika, akava musimboti wesarudzo dzeAmerica. Mapati eDemocratic and Republican anodzora nzvimbo yezvamatongerwe enyika, asi mapoka echitatu navada kuzvisarudzira vanotorawo sarudzo pamwero yose.

Mapati ezvamatongerwe enyika anobatira mabasa anoverengeka mumuitiro wokuvhota. Anoita kuti vada kutora nokutsigira, anoronga sarudzo, anotanga zvirongwa zvemiitiro, anokumbira vavhoti, uye anogovera gadziriro dzesangano nokuda kwenhimbe. Kuzivikanwa kweboka kazhinji kazhinji kunobatira sechikamu chipfupi kuvavhoti vanoedza kunzwisisa nzvimbo dzingava dzavada kubhapatidzwa panhau.

Mapati echitatu uye vanoda kuzvimirira vanotarisana nedenho dzinokosha muSarudzo muAmerica nemhaka yezvinodikanwa zvokuwana zvirongwa zvokuvhota, kusabetsera kwemari, uye kuhwina kwamarudzi ose esarudzo zhinjisa. Zvisinei, vanogona kupesvedzera sarudzo kupfurikidza nokunyora vhoti dzebato guru uye kupfurikidza nokumutsa nhau idzo mapoka makuru angafuratira.

Gadziriro huru inobvumira vavhoti kupesvedzera vavhoti, kuronga zvaichimbova muitiro wepakati. Kokorodzano dzeboka, nepo dzichiri dzisingakoshi kupfuura kare, dzichiri kushanda mabasa anokosha mukupedzisa kunyorwa kwenziyo, kugamuchirwa kwemapati, uye vatsigiri vebato vane simba.

Kusarudza Chaiko uye Kuyeuka Zvisarudzo

Kupfuura sarudzo dzakarongwa nguva dzose, sarudzo chaidzo dzinoitika apo nzvimbo dzinomuka nemhaka yorufu, kubviswa, kana kuti kubviswa kwavakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa. izvi zvisarudzo zvinozadza chikamu chakasara cheshoko revakuru vakuru vakafa uye zvinogona kuitika panguva ipi neipi mukati megore.

Sarudzo chaidzo kazhinji kazhinji dzinokwezva ngwariro shomanene navavhoti ndokuvhota kupfuura sarudzo yenguva dzose, asi dzinogona kuva dzinokosha mune zvematongerwe enyika, zvikurukuru apo dzingachinja dzikamo yesangano romutemo.

Dzimwe nyika nenharaunda dzinobvumira kuyeuka sarudzo, uko vavhoti vanogona kubvisa mukuru mukuru akasarudzwa vasati vafa. Yeuka miitiro inosiana asi inoda chaizvoizvo kuunganidza nhamba yakati yezvikumbiro kuti vakurudzire kuvhota. Kuyeuka hakuwanzoitiki asi kunogona kuitika apo vakuru vakuru vanotarisana nokusatenderwa kwavose kana kuti kunyadziswa.

Kutarisira Kusarudza Nokuchengeteka

Sarudzo dzinoitwa zvikurukuru pamwero yehurumende neyomunzvimbomo, navakuru vakuru vehurumende navasaruri vehurumende navehurumende vanotarisira mativi mazhinjisa egadziriro yokuvhota. Ava vakuru vakuru vanochengeta mapepa okunyoresa anovhota, vanotanga nzvimbo dzokuvhota, vashandi vanopinza vanhu uye vanonzvera varovedze, vanotarisira kurongwa kwokuvhota nokutsikirira, uye vanotarisira kuverengwa kwevhoti nemagwaro okunyoresa.

Chengeteko yeSarudzo yakagamuchira ngwariro yakawedzerwa mumakore achangobva kupfuura aya. Vakuru vakuru vemipimo yekotsekano vanoshandisa zvitemo zvakasiana- siyana kubatanidza kuva nechokwadi kwomuvhoti, nhevedzano yecheni yemiitiro inoiswa mumaoko, kunzvera kwezvokuvhota nekendi yezvekuvhota, uye mapepa anonzvera pa pashure pekuvhota. Zvitendero zvizhinji zvinoshandisa mapepa kana kuti mikoto yepepa kugonesa kujekesa nokurondedzera kana kuri madikanwa.

Kuvhota kwava chinhu chinonetsa zvikuru, vakuru vakuru vesarudzo vanoshanda kudzivirira mapepa okunyoresa anovhota, gadziriro dzokuronga masarudzo, uye michina yokuvhota pakupamba kana kuti kudzongonyedza.

Vashandi vanoshambadzira vanoita mabasa anokosha mukutarisirwa kwesarudzo, kunzvera vavhoti, kutsanangura miitiro yokuvhota, kubetsera vavhoti sezvinodikanwa, uye kuva nechokwadi chemiitiro yokuvhota ine nhevedzano. ava vashandi vanotorwa zvikurukuru munzanga dzomunzvimbomo ndokugamuchira rovedzo pamusoro pemiitiro yesarudzo nemitemo yakafanira.

Mitoo Yokuzivisa Nayo Nokusvika

Sarudzo dzeAmerica dzinoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana - siyana dzokuvhota nadzo kuti dziwirirane nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana - siyana. Kuvhota kwakakurumbira paZuva Rokusarudza kunoramba kuri kwakakurumbira, asi nyika dzakawanda dzakawedzera zvisarudzo zvokuwedzera kuwanikwa uye kuva nyore.

Kuvhota kwokutanga kunobvumira vagari vemo kukanda mavhoti pachawo zuva Rokusarudza risati rasvika, kazhinji kazhinji kwevhiki dzinoverengeka.

Kuvhota nokuvhota kugonesa vagari vemo kuvhota neposi panzvimbo pokuoneka mumunhu. Dzimwe nyika dzinongoerekana dzabudisa mapepa okutumira kuvavhoti vose vakanyoreswa, nepo vamwe vanoda vavhoti kuti vakumbire vashaiwi vanobhadharwa. Vavhoti vemauto navane mhiri kwamakungwa vanotsamira zvikurukuru pakuvhota kusiiwa kwokutora kundotora sarudzo.

Kuwana mashoko avanhu vakaremara kunodzivirirwa nomutemo wehurumende. Nzvimbo dzokuvhota dzinofanira kuva dzinosvikwa, uye michina yokuvhota inofanira kugarisa vavhoti nourema hwakasiana - siana. Mitemo mizhinji inogovera vhotera kurutivi rwapanovhotera nokuda kwaavo vasingakwanisi kupinda munzvimbo dzokuvhota, uye betsero inowanika nokuda kwavavhoti vanoda betsero yokuisa marobhoti avo.

Vatambi vemabhaloti nezvinhu zvokuvhota zvinofanira kupiwa mumitauro yakawanda, uye vashandi vanovhota vanotaura mitauro miviri vanofanira kubatsira vavhoti sezvinodiwa.

Kukosha Kwokupa Chitendero

Ubati ushe hwedemocracy hunobudirira hahusati huchingoda bedzi kutora rutivi asi kutora rutivi kwokuziva. Vo vanobetsera mukunzvera nzvimbo dzavanoda kubhapatidzwa, zvipimo zvokunzwisisa, uye kurangarira kuti zvikarakadzo zvemiitiro zvakasiana zvingatapura sei nzanga dzavo nenyika.

Zvishandiso zvakawanda zvinobetsera vavhoti kuita zvisarudzo zvine zivo. Nhungamiro dzevoti dzeNonpartisan dzinogovera mashoko pamusoro pezviteshi zvokuvhota. Mawebsite echitsotsi, nhau dzesocial metwork, uye zvishandiso zvenhimbe zvinopa mashoko akananga kubva kuvada kutora nhau vamene.

Masangano echokwadi anonzvera chokwadi anobetsera vavhoti kunzvera kutaura kwenhema uye kuziva mashoko asina kururama.

Kunzwisisa nhau dziri mungozi mukusarudza kunoda zivo yakati yokuti hurumende inoshanda sei, ine masimba anoshandiswa mumahofisi akasiyana - siyana, uye kuti zvisarudzo zvemitemo zvinotapura sei nzanga.

Chikonzero Nei Kusarudza Kuchikosha: Tapuro Yokutora Rutivi

Kubva pakutarisira utano nedzidzo kusvika pakuchengeteka kwenyika uye kudzivirira mhoteredzo, vakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa vanoumba mitemo inotapura vagari vemo zuva nezuva. Kubatanidzwa musarudzo kunopa vagari vemo simba muzvisarudzo izvi uye kunoita kuti vakuru vakuru vazvidavirire nokuda kwezviito zvavo.

Voter anoramba zvikuru anotapura miuyo yesarudzo negadziriro. Apo mamwe mapoka avagari vemo anovhota pamwero wakakwirira kupfuura mamwe, vakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa vanowanzova vanogamuchira zvikuru itiro hanya dzamapoka iwayo. Kudzorwa pakati pavanhu vaduku, somuenzaniso, kungaguma nengwariro shoma kunhau dzinotapura zvikuru zvizvarwa zviduku.

Panzvimbo pokupedza kakavadzano dzezvamatongerwe enyika kupfurikidza namasimba masimba kana kuti kumanikidza, sarudzo dzamatongerwe enyika dzinogovera miitiro yakarongeka yokutamisa simba nokuchinja nhungamiro apo vagari vemo vanoshuva utungamiriri hwakasiana - siana kana kuti miitiro.

Kubva pakusarudza vatungamiriri, sarudzo dzinopesvedzera kurukurirano yenyika pamusoro pezvinhu zvinokosha nezvinokosha. Magakava enhimbe anosimbisa zviono zvakasiyana zvenguva yemberi yenyika nevanomanikidzira kuonesa nzvimbo panhau dzinokosha. Kusarudza kunoparira zviratidzo pamusoro pomurangariro wavose unopesvedzera muitiro kunyange pakati pesarudzo.

Sarudzo dzomunzvimbomo zvikurukuru dzinoratidzira batano yakananga pakati pokutora rutivi nemiuyo. Sarudzo yechikoro ine nhambo yakaderera inogona kusarudzwa nezviverengero zviduku zvavavhoti vanonyandurwa zvikuru, zvingagona kutungamirira kumitemo isingaratidzi mipimo yenzanga yakafara. Sarudzo dzaManisiparati dzinosarudza mwero yemitero yomunzvimbomo, mitoo yefambiro mberi, uye zvokutanga zvebasa izvo zvinotapura zvakananga kunaka kwoupenyu hwavagari vemo.

Zvinetso uye Kuchinja Zvinhu Muzvisarudzo ZvokuAmerica

Gadziriro yenzvero dzeAmerica dzinotarisana nedenho dzakasiana - siana nekurukurirano dzinopfuurira pamusoro pechinjo dzinobvira. Partisan gerymandering, umo miganhu yoruwa inoiswa kukuda mubato mumwe, inogona kuderedza makwikwi evotator ndokushatisa kumirira. Vatsigiri veReformation vanokarakadza masangano okuchinja azvimirira uye mipimo yemasvomhu kuti vavake maruwa anoyera.

Kuchinja kwakarongwa kunosanganisira kupa mari yezvirongwa, mipiro yokupa, miganhu yezvipo, uye kuvandudza zvinodiwa zvokuzivisa mashoko, kunyange zvazvo kudzivirira kwebumbiro remitemo nokuda kwokutaura kwezvematongerwe enyika kuchiomesa zvimwe zvinhu.

Kuwana zvinhu uye kuchengeteka kwesarudzo kunofanira kuva kwakadzikama. Nepo kuva nechokwadi chokuti vavhoti bedzi vakakodzera vanokosha, zvinodikanwa zvinonyanyoganhurira zvinogona kushatisa vavhoti vapamutemo. Nharo dzinopfuurira pamusoro pezvinodikanwa zvokuzivisa, miitiro yokunyoresa, uye mitoo yokuvhota iyo inodzikamisa zvakafanira idzi itiro hanya.

Gadziriro yeElectoral College inoparira gakava rinopfuurira, zvikurukuru pashure pesarudzo apo muwani akakurumbira anorasikirwa nevhoti yakasarudzwa. Nepo vamwe vatsigiri vachibvisa Electoral College vachitsigira vhoti yakakurumbira yenyika, vamwe vanoidzivirira seinodzivirira fariro duku dzenyika uye vanokurudzira kuvaka mibatanidzwa yakasiana - siana muruwa.

Kushandisa mari yedare reSarudzo uye pfuma kunotapura kunaka kwesarudzo nokuchengeteka. Mari yakakwana nokuda kwezvishandiso zvokuvhota, kurota, uye dzidzo inobetsera kuvimbisa kusarudza kwakachengeteka.

Nguva Yemberi Yezvisarudzo zveAmerica

Sarudzo dzeAmerica dzinopfuurira kuchinja nokuchinja kweruzivo rwekugadzirwa kwezvinhu, uwandu hwevanhu, uye simba rezvematongerwo enyika.

Zvizvarwa zvakawanda zvakasiyana - siyana zviri kutowedzera kuwanda kwevavhota vakakodzera, zvingangochinja zvinhu zvematongerwe enyika uye mapoka evarwi. Kuchinja kwevagari vemo yeGeographic kuri kuchinja magariro evanhu paanozoteverwa pashure pokuverenga vanhu kumwe nokumwe.

Kunyange zvazvo makombiyuta aya achiita kuti vanhu vakwanise kubatanidzwa uye kuwana mashoko akawanda, anoita kuti pave nemashoko asiri echokwadi uye anobudisa udzvinyiriri. Kugadzirisa matambudziko aya paanenge achichengetedza kutaura kwakasununguka uye kukurukurirana pachena kunoramba kuri chinhu chinonetsa.

Nhamburiko dzokuwedzera kutora rutivi dzinopfuurira kupfurikidza nokunyoresa kwokuzvidira, kuvhota kwakakurumidza, zvisarudzo zvevhoti paposi, uye nhano dzedzidzo yavagari vemo. Mwero yakakwirira yokutora rutivi ingagona kuita kuti sarudzo dzive dzinomirira zvikuru mirangariro yakazara yavagari vemo nezvinodikanwa.

Kubatanidzwa: Nzira Yokutora Nayo Muzvisarudzo

Kutora rutivi musarudzo kunotanga nokunyoresa kwevhoti. Vagarica vanogona kunyoresa kupfurikidza nehurumende yavo kana kuti mahofisi esarudzo omunzvimbomo, kazhinji kazhinji paIndaneti kana kuti apo vanowana marezenisi okutyaira. Kunzvera mugariro wokunyoresa pamberi pesarudzo kunovimbisa kuva anotenderwa kuvhota uye vanobvumira nguva kupedza nhau dzipi nedzipi.

Vanoda kunzvera nenhau vasati vasarudza vagonesa kuvhota vachiziva. Voter vanogona kupinda masangano anosarudzwa, kuhwirudzura nhungamiro dzavavhoti, kushanyira mawebsite anoshandiswa kuvhota, uye kutevera kufukidzwa kwenhau kuti vanzwisise zvisarudzo zvavo. Masangano akawanda haagoveri mashoko okubetsera vavhoti kuziva kuita zvisarudzo.

Kuzvirumbidza kumene kunogona kuitika kupfurikidza nemitoo yakasiana - siana zvichitsamira pamutemo wehurumende uye chisarudzo chomunhu oga. Kungava kuvhota kukurumidza, kupfurikidza netsamba, kana kuti paZuva roKusarudza, kutevera mirayiridzo nenzira yokungwarira kunovimbisa mavhota. Marovha anofanira kunzvera nzvimbo nemaawa, kuunza zivikanwo inodikanwa, uye kubvumira nguva yakakwana kuvhota pasina kumhanya.

Kupfuura kuvhota, vagari vemo vanogona kutora rutivi kupfurikidza nokuzvipira nokuda kwenhimbe, vachibatira savashandi vokuvhota, vachipinda horo dzetaundi nevanokwikwidza, vachitaura navakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa pamusoro penhau, uye kukurudzira vamwe kuvhota. mabasa ehurumende youtongi hwakakwana akanakisisa apo vagari vemo vanopinda nokushingaira panzvimbo pokucherekedza vasingakendengi.

Nokuda kwaavo vanofarira kubatanidzwa kukurusa, kumhanyira hofisi — zvikurukuru pamwero womunzvimbomo — kunogovera mikana yokuumba zvakananga zvisarudzo zvenzanga. vakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa vazhinji vakavamba mabasa avo ezvamatongerwe enyika kupfurikidza nokumhanyira kumasangano echikoro, matare eguta, kana kuti mamwe mahofisi omunzvimbomo.

Kupedzisa: Kusarudza Sehwaro Hwehurumende Inosarudzwa Navanhu

Sarudzo dzinomirira mutoo mukuru uyo vaAmerica vanoshandisa nawo kuzvishandisa vamene uye vanoita kuti vatungamiriri vazvidavirire. Kubva kumakwikwi apurezidhendi anokweva ngwariro yenyika yose kumarudzi ezvikoro zvomunzvimbomo anosarudza miitiro yechikoro chomunharaunda, sarudzo pamwero uri wose inoumba miitiro nezvinoiswa pakutanga izvo zvinotapura upenyu hwavagari vemo.

Gadziriro yenzvero dzeAmerica, nepo yakaoma uye isina kukwana, inopa mikana yenguva dzose yokuti vagari vemo vadzore nhungamiro yehurumende yavo. Kunzwisisa kuti kusarudza kunoshanda sei kuvambira pamakwikwi makuru kupfurikidza nezvisarudzo, kubva kuElectoral College kusvikira kuzvipimo zvomunzvimbomo (8mmosferas) kuti vatsigiri vatsigiririve nenzira inobudirira muudzori hwedemocracy.

Kutora rutivi kwokushingaira musarudzo kunosimbisa hurumende inosarudzwa navanhu uye kunovimbisa kuti hurumende iyoyo inotevedzera kuda kwavanhu. Kuvhota musarudzo iri yose, vanonzvera nenhau, kuzvipira nokuda kwenhimbe, kana kuti kumhanyira nzvimbo, vagari vemo vanobatanidzwa nomuitiro wokusarudza vanobetsera kutsigira nokuvandudza hurumende yehurumende yeruzhinji yeAmerica nokuda kwezvizvarwa zvazvino nezvinozotevera.

Sezvo United States ichipfuurira kushanduka, ndizvo zvichaitawo gakava pamusoro pokuwana vvuori, mari yenhimbe, chengeteko yesarudzo, uye kumirira zvinoratidza simba rehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Nokutora rutivi musarudzo uye upenyu hwehurumende yeruzhinji, vaAmerica vanobetsera kuumba kwete bedzi kuti hurumende inosarudzwa navanhu imene inoshanda sei uye kuti inoita sei kupfurikidza nokuchinja nguva nedenho.

Nokuda kwamashoko akawanda pamusoro pevhoti nesarudzo dzinouya, shanyira . .gov's piro dzevhoti. Kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro peElectoral College, Relativity Archives dzinogovera mashoko ose. Nokuda kwevasingabvumirwi mashoko evhoti nenhungamiro dzevoti, masangano akafanana ne [[FLT:]] Games Voters[FLT]]