Nei Kuziva Vanhu Munguva Yapfuura Kuri Kushandiswa Kwemazuva Ano

Nhimbe iri yose yokuwana inovamba nomubvunzo: ndiani anoda kunzwa iri shoko uye vanogara kupi? Mhinduro dzatove muchinyorwa chavose. Kuverenga mashoko / zvinotema (anobva mukuverenga kwemisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi zvikurusa, American Community Survey (ACS), kana kuti pakati pedecadecadedeen inoyera (jee) inoisa mepu yakavimbika yakanyorwa nenzanga. Paanoshandiswa nenzira yapamutemo, aya mashoko enhau anopfupikisa kupfuura kurondedzera zvakaitika kare; anozivisa mitoo inodeya kutaura mufambiro, inozivisa mishavo yazvinotendwa, uye inoruramisa migove yezviwanikwa. Masangano anofuratira kuverengwa kwavanhu kazhinji kazhinji anoshatisa bhajeta bhati retsa pamikoro yakafara, isina kuitirwa. Avo vanoigamuchira anogona kutanga magadzirirwo okuti akarurama, anokwanisa kuoneka, anokwanisa kuoneka zvikuru.

Nyaya ino inopfuudzira panhungamiro yapakuvamba kuratidza nzira chaiyoiyo yokushandura nayo matafura okuverenga vanhu kuva gadziriro dzinoshanda. Tichafukidza manyuko emashoko, unyanzvi hwokunzvera, zvikamu zvavateereri, kugadziridza mashoko, kuyera, uye mhinganidzo dzinodzokororwa (zvose nemienzaniso yekongiri namatanho anoshanda. Panosvika mugumo, unogona kushandisa gadziriro yako kukusvika kunotevera.

Kunzwisisa Pfuma Yezvinyorwa Zvenhamba

Pamberi pokupinda munzira, kunokosha kunzwisisa zviri mumashoko okuverenga vanhu uye kwokuawana. United States Census Bureau inounganidza mashoko kupfurikidza nokuverenga vanhu kwapamakore gumi oga oga (makore gumi oga oga) uye American Community Survey. Mativi makuru anobatanidza:

  • ukuru hwokubudisa nokukwirira pamabhuroko, turakiti, nyika, uye mwero yehurumende.
  • Age kuparadzirwa (umh., pasi pa 18,18-34, 35-64, 65+).
  • [ Aya, rudzi, uye mutauro unotaurwa pamusha [[[FLT: 1]].
  • [ mari inotambirwa mudzimba, mugariro wourombo, uye pokugara [[FLT: 1] (mavs.rendi).
  • [ Kuwana basa [ uye mugariro webasa.
  • [[[FT:0] Nhamba dzezvifambiso zvokuenda kubasa nenguva yokufamba.

Izvi zvinochinja zvinowanika panzvimbo dzinoda kufanana nenzvimbo dzinowanikwa, (8) zvichienda kuboka rinoverenga vanhu, iro ringava nevanhu 600-3 000 bedzi. Uku kururama kunobvumira mapoka okusvika kuzivisa nzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda vakawandisa pane kuvimba neavhareji yeguta rose.

Nokuda kwenzvero yenhau, Census Bureau yeAPI inogovera kuwanika kwemipimo yemasero anodzokera shure makumi amakore. Masuo akadai sedata.cens.gov inopa matafura akaitwa kare namano okunyora nokuda kwomushandi aisava shopu. Nokuda kwaavo vanopfachuka nefitisipo, marekodha akawanda anowanika. Nguva dzose tarirai mifananidzo yazvino unotemwa makore mashanu eACS kuti uwane mamwe mapikicharupiki maduku.

Nei Zvinyorwa Zvenhau Zvichikosha Kuti Zvivepo Iye Zvino

Kutora nguva yazvino kungava kunotsausa. Kuenzanisa mativi akawanda okuverenga vanhu kunoratidza zvinhu zvinoda kuitwa: Ko mhuri duku dziri kukurumidza kutamira mumusha? Ko nzvimbo yaichimbova iri kuderera kwemari here? Kana kuti zvirongwa izvi zvinoumba nzira yokusvika. Somuenzaniso, kana mashoko anoratidza kuti vanhu veSpain vanotaura munyika yakakura ne40% mumakore gumi apfuura, zvokuwana zvako zvinofanira kubatanidza shanduro dzeSpanish nemitauro uye nzanga inotaura mutauro wacho. Kana katura rezviverengero rine mukana wakaderera wokuwana mubatanidzwa wemakombiyuta zvino rinoratidza kugamuchirwa kwakafara, ungabva pamusha wemasuokkkki kushambadziro anosvika kumapepa okushamba munzvimbo iyoyo.

Mashoko enhau anobatsirawo kuona kuti zvakafamba sei kuti uwane kuti vanhu vaverengeke here kana kuti kwete, unogona kuona kana kunyora kwawakaita tsono yacho kwakatowedzera pakati pematurakiti anenge agara achiitwa pashure pekunge wapedza kunyora?

Nhano Nenzira: Kubva patafura dzechisvusvuro Chisina Kubikwa Kusvika Pakunangidzirwa

Nyaya yokutanga yakaronga matanho mashanu: Pano tinowedzera mamwe nemashandiro akadzama, zvinetso zvinozivikanwa, uye mazano anobatsira.

Chengeta Ndokuronga Mari

Tanga nokuziva nzvimbo yaunobva. Kana uchishanda muguta rose, kwevera mashoko amaturakiti okuverenga vanhu nokuda kweguta iroro. Kana ukashanda kumaruwa, ungada mashoko enzvimbo yeruwa kuti uwane akaenzana.

  • Shanyira [[FURU:0]data.cens.gov ndokusarudza "Kutsvaka Kwapamusoro.
  • Sarudza rudzi rwako rwenzvimbo yaunogara (chikamu, mabhuroko, ruwa), uye nzvimbo yaunogara.
  • Sarudza ongororo yacho: Decnivernial Census (2020, 2010) nokuda kwezviverengero zvechiverengero chavagari vemo, kana kuti fungidziro dzemakore 5 (apotest: 2018 - 2022) nokuda kwemashoko ane udzame emagariro, ezvemari, uye edzimba.
  • Chengeta tafura yacho seCSV. Chengeta chikamu cheGEOD, sezvachinobatana nemiganhu yemamepu.
  • Ronga mafaira panzvimbo yazvo gore negore. Ipa zita nguva dzose: umg. , .

PI: Shandisa duramazwi remashoko kunzvera chinoreva chikamu chimwe nechimwe. Census Bureau inobudisa matehwe anobva patafura anorondedzera kusiana kumwe nokumwe. Ipawo mapepa kuchimwe chinhu chinoberekwa usati waongorora.

Ziva Vara Rako Nezvinangwa Zvako

Zvinangwa zvako zvekuwana zvinenge zvichidiwa ndezvipi zvinofanira kuiswa pakutanga. Mavara anowanzoshandiswa kuisa panzvimbo yokutanga anosanganisira:

Outreach GoalKey Census Variables
Vaccination campaignPopulation 65+, uninsured rate, poverty rate, language isolation (households where no one speaks English "very well")
College financial aid infoHouseholds with children 15–19, median household income, educational attainment of adults (high school only)
Small business loan programNumber of businesses, owner demographics (race/ethnicity), proportion of renters vs. homeowners (home equity as collateral)
Voter registration driveCitizen voting-age population, race/ethnicity, age buckets, housing mobility (moved in last year)

Chengeta mashoko kuti angobatanidza bedzi makomu aunoda. Somuenzaniso, kana nharidzano yako iri kusvika vavaridzi vapamusha vaduku veLatino, unoda maturakiti umo Latino muzana iri pamusoro pezviteshi zveguta nemwero wemuridzi uri pamusoro pe 50%. Kugadzira nhamba yakapfava yendivara (chitsama chinorema chezvinowirirana) kunogona kubetsera maturakiti kupfurikidza nedikanwo kana kuti banza.

3. Ongorora Zviito Nokufamba Kwenguva

Kuenzanisa makore maviri kana kuti anopfuura ekuti vanhu vaverengerwe kunoratidza kuti zvinhu zvinofanira kuiswa pakutanga papi. Shandisa miganhu yenzvimbo imwe cheteyo mumakore ose. (Kuisa miganhu yemiganhu yemitengo yetsauriro pane dzimwe nguva inochinja pakati pamakumi amakore. Shandisa mafaira eukama hwe [[FLT: 0] Census Bureaual [[[FLT: 1]] kuawiriranisa.

Bala dereta nokuda kwechinjo imwe neimwe: [[FL:2]. Maturakiti emavara ane mav. chinjo yakaipa. Tsvaka

  • Kukura kwechipameso [ muboka ravagari vemo (muremo, chiverengero chavagari vemo cheAsia chakura 50% muturakiti). Boka iroro ringava zvino rakakura zvakakwana kubvumira kutsaurirwa.
  • [ Chiverengero chavagari vemo chinonyunguduka muturakiti(makoroko epfuma) inofanira kuiswa munzvimbo imwe.
  • Urombo hunowedzera[ pamwe chete nomutoro werendi unowedzera (dzimba dzinoripa > 30% yemari inotambirwa padzimba). Izvi zviratidzo nzanga iri mudzvinyiriro ingada betsero dzenzanga.

Muenzaniso weChect: Dhipatimendi routano rakacherekedza kuti maturakiti ane vakwegura vakura vavanhu akaratidzirawo kuderera mudzimba nemotokari. Vakawedzera kemichina yokudzivirira nemotokari kunharaunda idzodzo, vachisvika vakura vaisagona kufamba kumakiriniki.

4. Gadziriro Yako Yegadziriro Mumapoka Anoshandisika

Kurongwa kwegadziriro kunopfuura kuronga nhamba dzevagari vemo(kwava kugadzira maspects ane zvinodikanwa zvakasiyana. Kushandisa mashoko okuverenga vanhu, unogona kurondedzera zvikamu zvakafanana ne:

  • Mhuri dzakafara: maturakiti akakwirira muvana vari pasi pemhuri 12 napakati (vabereki vose vari vaviri vanoshanda). Kusvika: manheru/zviitiko zvokupera kwevhiki, zviyeuchidzo zvemifungo, mapepa okunyevera mashoko.
  • Nomutoo wezviito zvakaparadzaniswa napakati: maturakiti umo > 10% yemhuri iri yoga mumitauro nezera rezvinobudisa nhau iri 55+. Kusvika: muvengi vezvoutano vomunzanga vanotaura mutauro mukuru usiri weChirungu (umr., Mandarin, Spanish, Vietnam).
  • Vagari vemo vari kure namabasa: mashoko enzvimbo anoratidzira ukuru hwavagari vemo hwakaderera uye mamaira kuchipatara chiri pedyosa. Kusvika: maposi, kushambadzira kweredhiyo, wirirano nechechi dzomunzvimbomo.

Shandisa chishandiso chapachena se shoocial Forver kana kuti kungonyora zvikamu zvako muGoogle Mepu Dzangu kupfurikidza nokuisa CSV yako neGEOID neream/longitude poti yakarerusa kubva ku CVS TIGEGER/GROids.

5. Mashoko Nenzira Zvavaida Kushandisa

Chikamu chimwe nechimwe chinoda shoko rakarukwa rinotaura kumipimo yavo, itiro hanya, uye zvisarudzo zvomutauro. Nhamba dzinogovera mashoko akapoteredza, asi uchiri kuda nzvero yapakarepo (masumo, mapoka akatanhamara) kuti uwane maprasha chaiwoiwo. Zvisinei, unogona kuita mabhero akangwara:

  • Nokuda kwedzimba dzinobhadharwa mari shoma: simbisa kukwanisa, nyore nyore kusvika, uye kuti purogiramu inoderedza sei mutoro wemari. Shandisa shoko resimba (“Iwe wakafanirwa neiyi betsero”. Mukoto: vakwiri vamabhazi, mashoko, mabhodhi ezviziviso zvenzanga.
  • Kudzimba dzine vana vepakoreji: kunetseka nokubatsira kwenguva refu, mitero, uye kuronga kwomunguva yemberi. Musi wemubatanidzwa: Mapepa eemail okuzvikoro, vashambadzi venzvimbo, vakanangidzira Facebook kushambadza nenyuzi.
  • Kunzanga dzokumaruwa dzinorima: dzinosimbisa kubatana nedzimba dzepapurazi, kushandisa redhiyo uye mapepa omunzvimbo yacho.

Edza mashoko ako: Kuedza A/B nekanhu kaduku katenga ($50-100 parakapesana) usati wayera. Tsvaka iro shanduro inopa kudhurowa kwakawanda, foni, kana kuti shanyo. ZVM inogona kukuudzawo kuti ndezvipi zvipi zvisakiso zvokuedza mazviri.

Zvirongwa Zvenyika Chaiyoiwo: Masangano Anoshandisa Sei Mitemo Yokuverenga Mukupererwa kwemitengo

Zviitiko zvinotevera zvinoratidza zvinoshanda.

Utano Hworuzhinji: Kuvandudza Kubata Mushonga

Rimwe dhipatimendi rezvoutano rehurumende rakashandisa mashoko okuzivisa maturakiti okuverenga vanhu umo mwero wevagari veBlack waipfuura avhareji yehurumende uye mwero usina kunyorwa waipfuura 10%. Ivo vakayambuka nenhau ya 2010 kuti vaone kuti maturakiti api akanga awana vagari veBrack zvikurusa mugumi ramakore (mitauro mitsva yokubereka). Mumaturakiti iwayo, vakahaya vashandi vezvoutano vomunzanga vanobva mumachechi eBlack Churchs uye mashopu okuvera musoro kuti vawane zviitiko zvinotemwa zvinotemwa. Mugumisiro wacho: pashure pemwedzi mitanhatu, mwero yokudzivirira mumaturakiti iwayo yakakwira 22% yakakwira kusvika 7% mukukwira kusina kusimubatanidzwa asi matura akafanana.

Community College: Kuwedzera Kunyoresa

Gadziriro yekoreji yenzanga yakawanikwa kubva muna 2020 mashoko okuverenga vanhu akawanikwa kuti nzvimbo yayo yebasa ine nhamba yakakwirira inokarirwa ya25-34 yemakore isina dhigirii rescript. Vakawanda vakanga vari mudzimba vachiwana $30 000-500,000 $. Koreji yakagadzira nhimbe yokuwedzera: shoko rimwe revabereki (vachipfudza mari shoma uye kuendesa nzira dzenzira) uye rimwe revakuru pachavo (kufambira mberi, makirasi ousiku, mapurogiramu apaIndaneti). Vakaisa kushambadza panzvimbo dzinotambira vanhu vose (kunozoverenga mashoko anoratidzira anenge akaenzana nenguva refu yokufambisa) uye pamadhipati ezvikamu (zvinoteverwa nebumbiro retso). E REUS. pakati pa 25434-gore-1945 muzana mumakore maviri.

Bhangi Rezvokudya Risingawani Mhindu: Kusvika Nzara Yakavanzwa

Mabhangi akawanda ezvokudya anotsamira pamishumo yezvikamu zvezvokudya zvinongoda kubhadharwa bedzi, asi ikoko kunopotsa vanhu vasingatongoshanyi. bhangi rezvokudya rakaenzanisa 2019 na 2021 ACS kuti rione kuti maturakiti api ane wedzero hurusa muSNAP (chiteshi chezvokudya) anonyoresa hwuno(a denderedzwa rokuverenga nokuda kwokuwedzera kwezvinodikanwa. Ipapo vakashandisa mashoko okuverenga pamusoro pemotokari dzinowanika uye daro kunzvimbo dzokutengesera kuti vaone “magwenga ezvokudya" mukati maturakiti iwayo. Kuwana kwakabva kubva pamapepa okusaini esuo kuenda kumasuo evager nembano nezvokudya pamapurogiramu eDels, uko kwakatoshanyira vakwegura. Mugumisiro: 30% mukushanya kwokutanga kwezvitoro kushanya kwezvitoro.

Zvaunobatsirwa Zvaunogona Kuziva

Kushandisa mashoko okuverenga vanhu kunopa betsero dzakasimba, dzinoenzana:

  • Mwero yakakwirira yemhinduro. Paunoonana navanhu vakarurama pawindo yakarurama, mutengo wako pamhinduro unoderera. Nhimbe yetsamba yakasanotanhamariswa inogona kuwana 5/10% yemhinduro dzinoenzaniswa ne1/2% yetsamba hurusa.
  • Wabvisa tsvina. Unomisa kutumira tsamba kunzira dzisina vanhu vakakodzera. Boka rako romumunda rinopedza maawa mashoma zvikuru richifamba nedzimba dzakaderera dzinodiwa.
  • . Vatengi vanoda mashoko. Kubatanidza pamberi napashure pekuverenga vanhu mumishumo yenyu kunovaka kuvimbika uye kunoita kuti kuvandudzwa kuve nyore.
  • [ Kurutsiridza kwakarurama. Kupfurikidza nokuziva nokusvika munhau mapoka akavimbika, unoita basa rokururamisira iro masangano akawanda anorwira.
  • Kuronda kwapabonde. Anopfuura makore matatu kusvikira kumashanu, unogona kuvandudza simba rako nokuchinja kuverenga vanhu (g., mwero yokusachengeteka kwezvokudya, kupfuudza nhomba) kubvumikisa tapuro.

Misungo Inowanzoshandiswa uye Nzira Yokuidzivisa Nayo

Kunyange kana mashoko akanaka achigona kukanganisa.Hezvino zvikanganiso zvinonyanya kuwanda uye kugadzirisa kwazvinoita.

Chikanganiso 1: Kushandisa Mashoko Ave Achembera Zvikuru

Kuverengwa kwavanhu kwa2010 zvino kwapfuura makore gumi. Makambani anochinja nokukurumidza. Nguva dzose shandisa ACS yemakore mashanu achangobva kupfuura kufungidzira (208-2022 semanyorerwo akaitwa) uye kuwedzera kumashoko omunharaunda (kunyoresa kwechikoro pasina mutengo wezvokudya zvemasikati, mvumo dzokuvaka, mapepa edhipatimendi rezvoutano). Panyaya dzekuongorora zvinhu, funga nezvokutenga mashoko ezvokutengeserana (g., kubva kuEsri kana kuti Exterian) anochinja, asi anoabatanidza nezviratidzo zvekuverenga kuti usasarura.

Chikanganiso 2: Kufuratira Kukanganisa

ACS inofungidzira nokuda kwemicheto miduku yemageography (mapoka ezvikamu) ane micheto mikuru yemhosho. Somuenzaniso, nhamba inofungidzirwa kuva 5-9 yemakore muboka rebhuroko ingava 150 . Ndiyo muganhu mukuru. Nguva dzose nzvera micheto yemhosho ndokudzivisa kushandisa fungidziro nemhatsa inopesana pamusoro pe 30% nokuda kwezvisarudzo zvikuru. Kana pasina panikiro, aggregate kujiradziro huru zvikuru yejiko.

Kukanganisa 3: Kupfuurira Kurwisana Netsika

Demographics haisati iri nguva yemberi. Nemhaka bedzi yokuti turakiti rine chitsama chakakwirira chemhuri dzine mubereki mumwe hakurevi mubereki mumwe ari wose ane rudungwe rumwe cheterwo kana kuti chisarudzo cheshoko. Shandisa mashoko okuverenga vanhu kurondedzera kushata [, ipapo kusimbisa kupfurikidza navatyairi vaduku kana kuti marusando enzanga anoteerera. Usatongoita shoko rakavakirwa pasitori inongoriisa paji.

Chikanganiso 4: Kukura-kumwe-Majeresa ose

Vanhu vaduku vangava vamaminutary-digital, asi havasi mikoto yose yemichina inosvika paboka rimwe chetero. Mabudire endando ane misika yezera. Kuverengwa kwemadandemuchindi kunokubatsira kusarudza: Instagram nokuda kweri pasi pe30 Facebook nokuda kwa30-60, Kutevera pano nokuda kwamuridzini, redhiyo nokuda kwavakwegura mumaruwa. Cherechedzawo Census’s "Computer neUshandisiro" weIndaneti kuti uone kupararira kwakafara nezera rapanosvika pari.

Zvishandiso Nezviwanikwa Kukuita Kuti Kuve nyore

Haudi musayendisiti ane ruzivo kuti ashandise mashoko okuverenga vanhu zvinobudirira.

Kuzvibatanidza Pamwe Chete: Muenzaniso Unoshanda

Chikwata chevatambi vetsamba vanotumira matsamba kukero yega yeguta racho.

  1. Tsika dzinotevedzerwa: Kuvhura ACS 5-gore 2018-2022 tafura S1701 (Ukuru hwePutsa) netafura B25003 (Ukuru) nokuda kwamaturakiti ose ari muguta renyu. Uyewo dhaidhaidhai matafura esvomhreal revoms SF1 nokuda kwehwerengedzo yavagari vemo nezera.
  2. Kuratidza vanhu vagarapo: Uri kutsvaka dzimba dzinoshanda nemari inotambirwa pasi pe50% yemari inotambirwa nenzvimbo dzinobudisa nhau (purogiramu chaiyo). Unodawo kuisa nhevedzano yamaturakiti umo chiverengero chavarendi chakakura nokukurumidza (kuenzanisa kusvikira kuna 2010) nemhaka yokuti mhuri idzodzo dzingasaziva pamusoro pepurogiramu.
  3. Miitiro yeAnalyze: Ita mubatanidzwa "rendi" nokuda kwa2020 v. 2010. Gadzirisa maturakiti newedzero yavagari vemo vanorenda. Maturakiti enyu okumusoro mashanu akaona wedzero ye25% murondi nepo kukura kweguta rose kwaingova 5%.
  4. Vateereri vakaparadzana: mukati mamaturakiti mashanu iwayo, chimwe chikamu kupfurikidza nokuparadzaniswa nomutauro: Mumaturakiti maviri, inopfuura 15% yemhuri dzakaparadzaniswa nomutauro (zvikurukuru chiSpanish). Ita chikamu chakaparadzana nokuda kwemhuri dzechiSpanish. Mumamwe maturakiti matatu, mhuri zhinjisa dzinotaura chiNgezi, asi vakawanda imhuri dzine vana (vanopfuura 30% vavagari vemo pasi pa18).
  5. Develop yakatambira mashoko: nokuda kwechikamu cheSpanish nechinosarira, itai ndege yemitauro miviri ine mashoko akajeka pamusoro penzira yokushandisa nayo uye nhamba yorunhare nokuda kwebetsero yemitauro yeSpanish. Nokuda kwamatura emhuri, inosimbisa kuti purogiramu inochengeta mhuri dziri mudzimba dzakatsiga uye inogona kubatanidzwa neyamuro. Mutevedzeri: Chikamu cheSpanish, mubiyamu nemubatanidzwa wemasangano emhuri. Nokuda kwechikamu chemhuri, kutumira vatumire tsamba kubatanidza QR imodeface yeIceice namapoka evabereki muitso.
  6. Mvura neISV: Pashure pemwedzi mitatu, enzanisa mwero yemhinduro: maturakiti akatarirwa akabudisa mwero wemhinduro we12% v. 2% mukudzorwa (maturakiti asina kutanhamariswa). ChiSpanish chinopfuudza mufekitari mukuru panosvika 3:1. Zvino une mufananidzo unodzokororwa wegore rinotevera.

Kupedzisa: Itai Kuti Kuziva Nhamba Kwako Kuve Rutivi Rwenguva Dzose Rwekuchinja

Kuverenga vanhu kwenguva yakapfuura hausi zvinyorwa zvenhau zvinogara zviripo nokuda kwenzanga dzinonzwisisa. Nokuunganidza, kuongorora, uye kushandisa mashoko evagari vemo, unogona kubva pakuparadzira mashoko asina kujeka uchienda pakuva nekurukurirano dzechokwadi nevateereri vakarurama. Kushandisa nguva kuti udzidze zvinhu zvinokosha pakuverenga mashoko kunobhadhara kakawanda mukuita zvakanaka, kunyora, uye kukanganisa. Tanga: Kusarudza chirongwa chimwe chinenge chichiuya, kukopa matafura anokosha, uye kushandisa nzira shanu dzinotsanangurwa pano. Pashure pechikamu chimwe chete, hauzodi kurongazve kuvhura pasina kuvhura.