Mavambo Echiremera Chehurumende Neganhuriro

Hurumende yeUnited States inoshandisa ukuru hukuru hwechiremera chinobata anenge rutivi rwuri rwose rwoupenyu hweAmerica, kubva pakutungamirira kwokutengeserana kusvikira kumufambiro wetsika dzokumwe. Bva chimiro chimene chegadziriro yehurumende chakarongedzerwa kudzivisa kuiswa kwesimba musangano ripi neripi kana kuti mwero wehurumende. Uku kuoma kukuru pakati pekusvika kwehurumende neganhuriro hakusi kukanganisa mugadziriro yemitemo; rutivi rukuru rwechigadziko cheAmerica. Nokuda kwavadzidzi, vadzidzi, vadzidzi, uye varonzeve vagari vemo, kunzwisisa zvose zviri zviviri mwero neganhuriro dzesimba renyika kunokosha kuzivisa kutora rutivi muupenyu hwehurumende.

Bumbiro reMitemo reUnited States rinobatira somutemo mukurusa wenyika uye rinogovera gadziriro umo chiremera chehurumende chinoshanda. Rinopa masimba chaiwo kuhurumende yenyika nepo ichichengeta dzimwe kuhurumende kana kuti kuvanhu. Iri boka rakanga risati riri chibereko chapera kufungwa; rakanga riri chibereko chefungidziro huru pakati pavarongi, avo vakanga vachipanikira zvikuru chiremera chapakati pashure pechinoitika chavo mukutonga kweBritain. Muuyo wacho itsika ye [ derism [ inodzikamisa chinzwano yorudzi nechiremera chomunzvimbomo, kuumba hurumende iyo inova inova nesimba zvikuru uye inodzorwa.

Mavambo Enhau Esimba Renyika

Kokorodzano yeBumbiro reMitemo Nenharo Dzematuro

Mavambo emasimba ehurumende yehurumende ari muBumbiro reMitemo, iro rakanyoreswa muna 1787 uye rakasimbiswa muna 1788. Vagadziri vamapurani vakaungana muPhiladelphia nevavariro yokuita hurumende yenyika inobudirira zvikuru kupfuura iyo yakatangwa pasi peNhevedzo dzeConfederation, iyo yakanga yabvumikisa kuva isina kusimba zvikuru kupedza denho dzemari nedzechengeteko dzakatarisana norudzi rutsva. Zvikamu zvacho zvakanga zvaparira kubatana kwehurumende nehurumende yepakati yakanga isina simba remitero, kutengeserana, kana kuti kusimudza uto. Shays Revering’s muna 1786 zvakasimbisa kurumidziro yokuvandudza, sezvo hurumende yenyika yaisagona kudzora kumukira pasina kubatira kwouzvidira nyika.

Gakava rakaitwa paConfectal Fristical Conflists, iro rakatsigira hurumende ine simba yorudzi, mukurwisana naAnti-Federalist, avo vakatya kuti hurumende yakadaro yaizotsika rusununguko rwavanhu nouchangamire hwehurumende. Kubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira kwakatanga kwaiva muitiro we [ wehurumende , umo hurumende yenyika yakagoverwa masimba akati apo nyika dzakachengeta mamwe masimba ose asina kupiwa kuhurumende yomubatanidzwa. Iyi gadziriro yakasimbiswa muMasangano ehurumende, zvikurukuru No. 45 Kiviti, uyo akataura kuti masimba akapiwa kuhurumende yehurumende yehurumende yehurumende yainzi "www na" apo ayo akasiiwa kumaruwa akanga ari "mreculyuader naat].

Gadziriro yokuita kuti pave negakava yaipesana, uye chipikirwa cheBill of Rights chakabatsira kuti pave netendero kubva kumagungano enyika aisavimba. Kugadziridzwa kwegumi kwokutanga kuBumbiro remitemo, kwakabvumirwa muna 1791, kwakaisa miganhu yakajeka pasimba rehurumende ndokuchengetedza rusununguko runokosha.

Simba Rine Simba: Chiremera Chemisangano

Nyaya I, Chikamu 8

Bumbiro reMitemo rinodudza masimba chaiwoiwo eCongress muChikamu I, Chikamu 8. Aya masimba inzvimbo yechiremera chehurumende uye anobatanidza simba rokuisa nokuunganidza mitero, kukwereta mari, kudzora kutengeserana namarudzi okumwe uye pakati pehurumende, mari yemari, kutanga mahofisi epositi nemigwagwa yepositi, kuzivisa hondo, kusimudza nokutsigira mauto, uye kugovera mauto. Varongi vakaronga nemaune masimba aya kurondedzera basa rehurumende uye kuvimbisa nyika kuti hurumende hadzisati dzichizopfuura basa rayo rakasarudzwa.

Commerce Claus, inopa Congress simba "rokudzora Kutengeserana naMarudzi okumwe, uye pakati peNyika dzinoverengeka, uye neIndian Forticals," yave iri nhau yedudziro hurusa uye yazova imwe yamanyuko makurusa echiremera chehurumende. Muzana ramakore rechimakumi maviri, kurava kwapamhindi kweDare reCental Clauscesmet kubvumira Congress kudzora chinhu chiri chose kubva muukama hwamagariro avagari vemo kusvikira kukodzero dzavagari vemo kuti dzidzivirire mhoteredzo. Matsororo akadai [[FLT:]] Wickard v. Filburn (194]) uye [FL.United States

Kudzosa nokupfuya Simba ndichimwe chinhu chinokosha chechiremera chinodudzwa. Congress ingaripira nokushandisa nokuda kwegarikano yose, uye yakashandisa simba iri kupesvedzera muitiro wenyika kupfurikidza nokubatanidza migariro kumari yehurumende. Somuenzaniso, hurumende yakaisa mari mumugwagwa mukuru panzvimbo dzinokwidza zera rokunwa rapamutemo kusvikira kumakumi maviri nerimwe uye ine dzidzo inowirirana pamusoro pemitemo yehurumende. Iri "simba rechikwama" razova chishandiso chine simba nokuda kwokufambisira mberi kwezvinokosha zvorudzi.

Nhau Dzokumwe Nedziviriro Yenyika

Bumbiro reMitemo rinopawo chiremera chakakwana chehurumende pamusoro poukama hwokumwe nedziviriro yenyika. Purezidhendi anobatira saMutungamiriri Mukuru wamauto, anotaurirana nezano nemvumo yeDare, uye anogamuchira nhume. Dare rine simba rokuzivisa hondo, kusimudza nokutsigira mauto, uye kugovera nokuda kwechiuto chehondo. Masimba eHondo eHondo echiuto a1973, akagadzwa paMutungamiriri weHurumende Nixon’s, achitsvaka kurondedzera miganhu yechiremera chapurezidhendi chokuisa mubatanidzwa weU.S. mauto ane simba rokurwa hondo pasina tendero yedare, kunyange zvazvo rwisano pamusoro pesimba rehondo rehondo dzinotonga nyika dzinopfuurira kusvikira kuzuva rino.

Masimba Akashandiswa Nezvakafanira uye Zvakafanira

Dzidziso Yamasimba Akashandiswa

Kupfuura masimba anoverengwa, hurumende yehurumende inorovedzawo masimba anoreva ayo asingataurwi zvakajeka muBumbiro reMitemo asi anotorwa nenzira ine mufungo mumasimba anonyorwa. Hwaro hwebumbiro remitemo hwamasimba anorehwa i Nacessary naFather Claus [, anozivikanwawo saEllastic Claus, anooneka pamugumo weChikamu I, Chikamu 8. Chikamu ichi chinopa chiremera "kuita kuti Mitemo yose ive iri madikanwa uye yakafanira kutakura Masimba ari pamusoro apa, uye mamwe Masimba ose anoiswa neChitegiro cheHurumende inoumbwa neHurumende yeUnited States, kana kuti muBato ripi neripi kana kuti rayo."

Mhaka yeChisarudzo chikurusa yakatanhamara Mcloch v. Maryland (1819) yakatanga dzidziso yamasimba anorehwa. Panhau yakanga iri kana Dare rakanga rine chiremera chokuronga bhangi renyika, simba risina kududzwa zvakajeka muBumbiro remitemo. Chirevo Chikuru John Marshall, chainyora kuti simba rokugadza bhangi rairehwa namasimba akacherwa kubhadhara mutero, kukwereta mari, uye kudzora kutengeserana. Marshall akazivisa nenzira yakakurumbira kuti "simba rokubatanidza mutero kuti uparadze" uye kuti "Bumbiro remitemo, mumutemo, muiri madikanwa neripi rakafanira, rinopa simba rokusarudza nzira ipi neipi yakafanira yokushandisa masimba arongwiro."

Chinodikanwa neSeaty Claus zvakabvumira hurumende kuti ichinjire kumigariro inochinja pasina dikanwo yegadziridzo dzenguva dzose dzebumbiro remitemo. Yave ichishandiswa kururamisa mhatsa yakasiyana-zhinji yezviito zvehurumende, kubvira pakutangwa kweFederal Reserve System kusvikira kukuumbwa kweSocial Security nemiraudzo yemipimo yavashandi. Kutemwa kwechikamu ichi chamashoko kwave kuri manyuko ekurukurirano inopfuurira, navatsoropo vachitaura kuti chakagonesa kukunda kwehurumende uye vatsigiri vanotsigira kuti kunokosha nokuda kwokudzora kunobudirira munzanga yazvino uno.

Ganhuriro Pachiremera Chehurumende

Bhizi Rekodzero Dzevanhu

Bill of Rights inoisa ganhuriro huru pasimba rehurumende kupfurikidza nokudzivirira rusununguko rwomunhu oga parunopinzwa. First Amendment inorambidza kuita mitemo pamusoro pokutangwa kworudzidziso kana kuti kuganhurirwa kworusununguko rwokutaura, pepanhau, maruramiro okuungana norugare, kana kuti maruramiro okukumbira hurumende nokuda kwokutsiva zvichemo. Respectivement inodzivirira kodzero yokuchengeta nokutakura zvombo. Gaspital Reference inodzivisa kunzvera kusina mufungo nehosha. Gamendement inovimbisa muitiro wakafanira womutemo uye kudzivirira kuzviisa pasi pengozi nengozi dzakapetwa kaviri. Idziyo dzinosungirwa pahurumende yehurumende uye dzinochengetwa nematare.

Kubatanidzwa kweBill of Rights zhinjisa dziviriro muhurumende kupfurikidza neKirnst Amendment ye14th, muitiro wakaitika zvishoma nezvishoma mukati mezana ramakore rechimakumi maviri, wakatambanudzira idzi ganhuriro kuhurumende dzehurumende uyewo. [Duetiod Procession Claus [ ne [FLT] AL dziviriro yaClaus [ yeFilth Amement Demendimetics [[[FLT]]] yeD [FLT]

Kuchinja Kwechigumi Nouchangamire Hwehurumende

Pelz[FLT] United States v. Dare reSimende reSimende reSimende reSimende reKunayira reSimende reZikuru reUnited States (1995), Dare reChikuru reDare rakaita kuti Penteth Amendment ripedze mutemo unorambidza pfuti dziri pedyo nezvikoro, richiita kuti mutemo upfuure pasi peHurumende yaidzorwa neSangano reChoumendi Claus. Iyi chisarudzo yakaratidzira chinjo inokosha muDare reFirisprunce, sezvikanga zvisina kushatisa mutemo wehurumende panzvimbo dzeClaus Creascas panzvimbo dzeCreast.

Chisarudzo chakaitwa ne United States v. Morrison [2000], umo Dare rakarova gadziriro yeChisimba Chinorwisana Navakadzi chaita kuti vanyajambwa vechisimba chevarume nevarume vasare mudare renyika. Dare raidavira kuti mutemo waipfuura simba reChambero rezvokutengeserana nechiremera charo pasi peChikamu 5 cheIninethi Amend Amend Amend Amend Amendment. Izvi zviitiko zvinoratidza kuti Hurumende yegumi nechete inoenderera mberi kuisa miganhu ine rechiremera chehurumende, zvikurukuru apo Dare rinoedza kudzora mabasa asingawirirani zvikuru kushatsatsa kutengeserana.

Kuparadzana Kwesimba uye Kuchinja uye Kudzikamisa

Bumbiro reMitemo rinokamuranisa masimba ehurumende yehurumende pakati pamapazu matatu: mitemo, mutungamiriri, uye mutongi. Bazu rimwe nerimwe rine mabasa akasiana uye mano okunzvera simba ravamwe. Congress rinoita mitemo, asi Purezidhendi angaiisa. Purezidhendi anogona kuita mitemo, asi Congress anokodzera mari uye angabvisa Purezidhendi. Matare ehurumende anodudzira mitemo uye angaizivisa kuti haiishandisi, asi anogadza vatongi venyika nezano nebvumirano zveDare, uye Congress angaaaadzinga. Iyi gadziriro ye [[FLT:] inoyera mari uye angabvisa muganhu uye muganhu. yakagadzirirwa kudzivisa bazu ripi neripi neripo pahurumende uye kudzivirira rusununguko rwomunhu.

Nheyo ye isingabvumidzwi[[FLT: 1] inoganhurira mwero wokuti Kokorodzano ingapa chiremera chayo kubazu rinodzorwa. Nepo hurumende yazvino uno inotsamira pamasangano anoshandisa uchenjeri hwakajeka mukushandisa mutemo wehurumende, matare akarangarira kuti Congress inofanira kugovera "nheyo isingaverengeki" kutungamirira chiito chomukuru mukuru. Dare Rapamusoro harina kuisa simba remitemo yehurumende pazvikonzero zvisiri zvapamutemo chifo cha [[FLT:] Panama Rening Co. v. Ryan[FL: 35] [1935]) uye [[FLT:] .[5]

Kuhwirudzura Kutonga

Simba Rematare

Kuhwirudzura dare redare rehurumende isimba rokusarudza kana mitemo nezviito zvokutungamirira zvichiwirirana neBumbiro remitemo. Iri simba rakatangwa munhau yechiratidzo Marbury v. Madison (103), umo Mutongi Mukuru John Marshall akazivisa kuti "ndiro reruwa nomubato wedhipatimendi rokutonga kutaura kuti mutemo urii. Dare raidavira kuti gadziriro yeJadiciary ya 1789 yakanga iri sitatitugaro nemhaka yokuti yakakudza chiremera chapakuvamba cheDare rapamusoro kupfuura chakabvumira. Chisarudzo chamakurusaidzo chedare kutsanangura bumbiro remitemo uye kushandura muganhu wemitemo uye kuderera kwemitemo.

Kuhwirudzura kwedare kunotambanukira kwete bedzi kumabasa eChibvumirano asiwo kumabasa ebazu guru uye kumitemo inorwisana neBumbiro remitemo kana kuti mutemo wehurumende. Chiratidzo chaChession VI chinosimbisa kuti Bumbiro reMitemo reSangano reChizivikanwo, miraudzo, uye zvibvumirano mutemo mukurusa wenyika, uye vatongi vanosungwa naro kunyange apo mitemo yehurumende inorwisana. [[FLT:] Cooperper v. Aaron[FLT: 3] [1958], Dare rapamusoro reHurumende rinodavira kuti vakuru vakuru vehurumende vakasungwa nokududzirwa kweGwa kweGwaramisi reMitemo mu [FL:] BBn v.[FFFFF5]

Simba rehwirudzuro yokutonga icherekedzo yakakomba pachiremera chehurumende, asi hakuna ganhuriro. matare akaganhurirwa kusarudza mhaka chaidzoidzo nenharo; haapiwi mifungo yakashata. Mhedziro yokumira [[ inoda kuti mutezo wapamutemo uratidze kuvadziko yakasimba iyo inorondwa kumufambiro wemukwiridziri uye uyo sezvingabvira unodzorwa nechisarudzo chakanaka. yepanikidzwe nedzidziso yezvamatongerwe enyika inoita kuti nhau idzodzo, zvakadai somuitiro womuitiro wokumwe muitiro uye kusakodzera, unoitwa kumapazuro ezvamatongerwe enyika uye usati wakakodzera chigadziro chechisarudzo.

Kushanda Kwehurumende Mumuitiro: Kupindira Kwesimba Renyika Nerehurumende

Mutambo Wokuzvitutumadza waClaus uye Kusunungurwa

Supremacy Claus anosimbisa kuti mutemo wehurumende unotora nzvimbo yokutanga pamutemo wehurumende unorwisana. Apo Congress inoita mutemo unodzima zvakajeka mutemo wehurumende, mutemo wehurumende haushandi. Kunyange apo kusunungurwa kunenge kusina kujeka, matare angawana kuti mutemo wehurumende unobviswa nenzira inorehwa kana ukapesana nomutemo wehurumende kana kuti kana mutemo wehurumende uchiita nzvimbo yose yemitemo. Somuenzaniso, mu Arizora v. United States, Dare rapamusoro rakarova zvirongwa zvinoverengeka zvokutama panzvimbo dzakabviswa, richiita kuti hurumende ive nesimba rakafara pamusoro pokutama uye mutemo haugoni kudzongonyedza zvinhu zvokudzika.

Dzidziso ye inoganhurira kukwanisa kwehurumende kubhadhara mutero kana kuti kudzora hurumende yehurumende nokupesana. Mu MCulloch v. Maryland[, Dare rairangarira kuti dare harigoni kubhadhara bhangi rehurumende nemhaka yokuti "simba rokutera mutero rinobatanidza simba rokuparadza." Iyi nheyo inodzivirira hurumende yomubatanidzwa padzongonyedzo dzehurumende uye inovimbisa kuti mabasa omubatanidzwa anogona kushanda nenzira inobudirira murudzi rwose.

Kushandira Pamwe Kwehurumende

Munharaunda dzakawanda dzokutonga, hurumende dzehurumende dzehurumende nedzehurumende dzinoshanda pamwe chete kupfurikidza negadziriro dze cooperatitionismism . Hurumende yehurumende inowanzogovera mari kuti ipedze purogiramu dzehurumende, kubatanidza migariro inoda kuti zvienderane nemimwe mipimo. The Cease Air Act, The Clean Water Act, uye Arevorence Education Act mienzaniso yemitemo yehurumende inotsamira pakushandiswa nokuchengetwa kwehurumende. Iyi batira pamwero inobvumira hurumende yehurumende kuti ipedze zvinetso zvorudzi apo inoremekedza chibvumirano chehurumende.

Zvisinei, hurumende inobatira pamwe yakaparirawo gakava. Dzimwe nyika dzakaramba migariro yehurumende pakutsigira mari sechimiro chokumanikidza kunosekesa uchangamire hwehurumende. Mu National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius (20: 2), Dare Rapamusoro rakaramba kuti gadziriro yeAffordcable Care Act inotyisidzira kunyima mari yose yeMedicaid kubva kumaruwa ayo asina kukudza mapurogiramu avo yakanga isingatsigirirwi nechaunga chakasiyana chose chose. Dare rakarangarira kuti kutaura kwacho hakugoni kumanikidzwa kutora rutivi mupurogiramu itsva yehurumende pasi petyisidziro yokurasikirwa nemhindu inovapo nokuda kwegadziriro yakasiana chose chose chose.

Magakava Azvino Uno Pamusoro Pematanho

Muitiro Wokutarisira Utano

Dare reAffordble Care Act ra2010 rakamutsa gakava guru pamusoro pemiganhu yesimba rehurumende. Chisarudzo cheDare Gurusa mu NFIB v. Seberius akatsigira chirevo chomunhu oga sechirevo chesimba rinobhadhara asi chakaganhurirwa cheHurumende kuti itendere mari yeMedicaid. Mhaka yacho yakasimbisa kusagadzikana kuripo muhurumende inoshandira pamwe uye kusawirirana kunopfuurira pamusoro pokuti hurumende yehurumende inogona kuisa mutemo wenyika mumugariro wokushandisa mari.

Gakava pamusoro poutano rinopfuurira kuva pfundo guru mukukurukurwa kwechiremera chehurumende. Zvikarakadzo zvegadziriro yomubhadhari mumwe kana kuti chisarudzo chavose zvinomutsa mibvunzo pamusoro penzvimbo yebasa rehurumende yehurumende mumisika youngwaru. Panguva imwe cheteyo, kuedza kwetsika nomutemo woutano, zvakadai sokukura kwaMedicaid pasi peA mudzimwe nyika asi kwete dzimwe, kunoratidzira kupfuurira kwechibvumirano choukuru muruwa muiyi nzvimbo.

Kudzorwa Kwemhoteredzo

Gadziriro yemhoteredzo yave iri manyuko enyata inopfuurira pakati pehurumende yenyika nenyika. Ceather Air Act neClean Water Act inopa chiremera chakafara cheNdengedzero yeNdengedzo yokugadza mipimo nokutevedzerwa, asi masangano ane mutoro wokushandisa zvakawanda zvegadziriro idzi. Vatarisiri veObama vaGeneral Power Plan, iyo yakatsvaka kudzora kubudiswa kwecarbon kubva kunzvimbo dzesimba, yakadenhwa nemubatanidzwa wenyika uye pakupedzisira yakavharirwa neDare Rapamusorosoro reTrump. Kudzodzodzo yemitemo yemitemo yemhoteredzo yemhoteredzo yezvakatika zvakamupindwa pamiitiro yeBhinde yakamutsva inonyandurazve yekurukurirano pamusoro pechirongwa chenzvimbo yehurumende nechiremera chehurumende.

Chiremera chechienzi cheCalifornia pasi peCelean Air Act kugadza mipimo yayo imene inobudisa motokari, iyo dzimwe nyika dzingagamuchira, chazova nhau inokakavara zvikuru. EPA pasi peObama naBiden yakabvumira vatarisiri veCalifornia kuisa mipimo inodzorwa zvikuru, nepo vadzori veTrump vakatsvaka kudzibvisa. Hondo dzapamutemo pamusoro pechirevo cheCalifornia dzinoratidzira kubatana kwesimba rehurumende nerehurumende mumiitiro yemhoteredzo.

Kutama uye Kuchengeteka Mumuganhu

Gadziriro yokupinda munyika inzvimbo yechiremera chakakwana chehurumende, asi Hurumende dzakatsvaka kuita basa rinoshingaira zvikuru mukusimbisa. S.B. 1070, iyo yaida kuti hurumende itsigire mutemo womunzvimbomo kuti iongorore mugariro wokutama kwavanhu vaisangana navo nokuchengetwa, inoparira mwoto wapamutemo. Dare Gurusa mu Arizona v. United States yakarovanya gadziriro dzinokosha dzomutemo, ichisimbisazve chiremera chakafara chehurumende yehurumende pakutama. Kunyanguvezvo, inotaura kuti ipfuurire kuisa mitemo ine chokuita nokutama, zvakadai sokuraira mugariro wapamutemo nokuda kwebasa kana kuti kuwana betsero yavose, uye matare anopfuurira kurwisana nemiganhuro yenyika mumunda ino.

Mitemo yevatarisiri veBiden yokubuda munyika, kubatanidza mutoo wayo wokuita kuti vatsigiri vasare pamuganhu wokumaodzanyemba uye kushandiswa kwepurogiramu dzakadai seDefered Action for Childhoown Agellals (DACA), yakatarisana nedenho dzapamutemo kubva kugweta guru rehurumende. Izvi zvinoitika zvinomutsa mibvunzo inokosha pamusoro poukuru hwechiremera chehurumende mukuchengetwa kwezvokubuda munyika uye basa rakafanira rehurumende mumuitiro unodenha wehurumende.

mhedziso

Kusvika kwehurumende yehurumende kukuru, kunotambanudza mukutengeserana, mutero, dziviriro yenyika, dziviriro yemhoteredzo, tarisiro youtano, uye kubuda. Bva Bumbiro remitemo negadziriro yapamutemo yakura pairi inoisa ganhuriro dzinokosha pachiremera chehurumende. Masimba anorongwa eCongress, Bill of Rights, Tenuth Amendment, kuparadza masimba, uye simba rokutonga zvose zvinobatira kuganhurira chiito chehurumende mukati memiganhuro yemitemo. Gadziriro yehurumende, nero yayo inosanogoverwa yamasimba pakati pehurumende dzenyika nehurumende, inoramba iri rutivi rukurukudzo rwehurumende dzeAmerica.

Kunzwisisa dzikamo pakati pesimba rehurumende nokuganhurirwa kunokosha nokuda kwavagari vemo vanoda kutora rutivi nenzira ine revo mumuitiro wehurumende. Gakava rinopfuurira pamusoro penhau dzakadai serezvoutano, ganhuriro yemhoteredzo, uye kutama rinoratidzira kushanda kusingaperi kwemibvunzo yebumbiro remitemo pamusoro penzvimbo yechiremera chehurumende. Sezvo rudzi runopfuurira kushanduka, dzvinyiriro pakati pechiito chorudzi nechisarudzo chomunzvimbomo icharamba iri pakati poupenyu hwezvamatongerwe enyika zveAmerica, ichidenha chizvarwa chimwe nechimwe kushandisa nheyo dzeBumbiro remitemo kumigariro mitsva uye kuchengeta dzikamo yokusangwarira painotsamira paricric.