Kutanga: Kuchinja Chidhindo Choubati Ushe Hwehurumende Inosarudzwa Navanhu

Masangano ezvemagariro avanhu akagadziridza zvikuru nzira iyo vagari vemo vanobatikana nayo namashoko ezvamatongerwe enyika, vadaviri, uye mumwe nomumwe. Mumakumi maviri amakore apfuura, zvikuva zvakadai seFacebook, Twitter (zvino X), Instagram, YouTube, uye Tik Tok vakura kubva panzvimbo dzemawebrobhurobhusi kupinda mumanhandare makuru ehurukuro yavose. Nhasi, mabhiriyoni evanhu munyika yose anovimba nevenzanga kuti vapedze nhau, vataure pfungwa dzezvamatongerwe enyika, uye vatsigire basa rehurumende yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu vose. Kunzwisisa kuti masangano avakishina anoumba mamiriro ezvinhu matsva okutora rutivi apo anenge achisuma panguva imwe chete.

Ukama pakati pezvinobudisa nhau zvenzanga nehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu hahuna kujeka. Kune rumwe rutivi, izvi zvikamu zvakaderera zvinodzivisa kupinda nokuda kwokutaura kwezvamatongerwe enyika, zvichigonesa manzwi akaderera kusvika vateereri venyika yose. Kune rumwe rutivi, kujekeswa kwavo, kushaikwa kwemipimo, kushaikwa kwemwero inoshanda, uye kusakwanisa kudzora, zvinogona kukanganisa chivimbo musarudzo, magetsi, uye kuparadzira nhema dzinokuvadza. Nyaya ino inonzvera zvose zviri zviviri mikana nengozi dzenzanga nokuda kwokudzora kwedemocracy, kunyora panzvero, dzidzo yemisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi, uye kunzvera. Kupfurikidza nokuyera betsero dzinobetsera mungozi, tinogona kuziva nzira dzakanaka dzokuwana njodzi dzenzanga apo inoparira tyisidziroruzhinji.

Mikana Inogoverwa Nezvinobudisa Nhau Zvenzanga Nokuda Kwokubatanidzwa Kwoubati Ushe Hwehurumende

Manyuko enhau avhura mikoto mitsva yokutora rutivi mune zvematongerwe enyika yakanga isingafungidzirwi nechizvarwa chakapfuura. Iyi mikana haisati ichingovawo zvayo yefungidziro() yave ichiratidzirwa mumasangano anobudirira, muvhoti akawedzerwa, uye kurukurirano dzavose dzakasiana - siana. Pasi apa, tinonzvera nzvimbo ina dzinokosha umo zvinobudisa nhau zvinosimbisa miitiro yedemokrase.

Kuwanwa Kwakawedzerwa: Kuwana Mikaha Yemashoko

Kushandiswa kwemasangano anoshandira mapasi kunoitwa kuti pave nemasangano anoona zvematongerwe enyika nokuaita kuti awanike kune munhu ane weInternet, pasinei zvapo nemari, dzidzo, kana nzvimbo. Zviteshi zvemapepanhau zvemapepanhau nerevhinzi, redhiyo, redhiyo(anowanzoda mari yokunyoresa, redhiyo, mapepa okutepfekedza, kana kuti vateshi vemapepanhau vanoganhurira kuti vabudise mashoko anenge akazara. Mukupesana, zvinobudisa nhau zvinobvumira vanhu kuti vatevere vezvematongerwe enyika, vatori venhau, mapoka ezvechikwata chenyika, uye vagari vemo vemo. 20222 C. Chidzidzo chePENS. Chikamu chePew Research Center chakawana kuti 50% cheU.

Uku kuwanikwa kwave kuchichinja zvikuru mugadziriro dzehurumende kana kuti dzehurumende umo zvinobudisa nhau zvinodzorwa nehurumende zvinodzora. Vashandisi vanoshandisa maapps etsamba akanyorwa nezvinobudisa nhau zvinonyorwa navose zvinogovera mashoko angadai akaongororwa. Somuenzaniso, mukati mekuramba kweHong Kong kwa2019, Telegram neTutter zvakava zvishandiso zvinokosha zvokuronga nokuparadzira munguva chaiyoiyo. Zvisinei, kuwanikwa kwoga hakuna kukwana: pasina kunyora nokunyora, kujeka kumwe chete kunogona kuita kuti vanhu vatapure.

Kurukurirano Yenguva Chaiyoiyo: Hurukuro Yezvamatongerwe Enyika Yakasimba

Rudzi rwezvinobudisa nhau zvenzanga runogonesa vagari vemo kuita chiito kuzvinoitika zvamatongerwe enyika sezvazvinoitika. Kurarama - vhengana kwenharo, marusando eparamende, kana kuti miuyo yokusarudza kunobvumira kunzvera kwapakarepo nokukurukurirana. Iyi sipidhi inogona kukudza kuzvidavirira kwapakarepo. Vezvamatongerwe enyika vanoziva kuti kutaura kupi nokupi kana kuti chiito chinopanikirika zvingabatwa, kugoveranwa, uye kupesana mumaminiti. Mukati ma2020 U.S. sarudzo yapurezidhendi, zvamazvirokwazvo inonzvera idi paTwittertter neFacebook yakabetsera kutaura kwenhema vasati vagona kutora midzi yakazara, kunyange zvazvo nhamburiko yacho yakanga iri kure nokukwana.

Kurukurirano yenguva chaiyoiyo inopfavisawo kuvimbisana kwakananga pakati pavakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa navatevedzeri. Dzimba dzetaundi, dzaichimbova dzakaganhurirwa nejogiramu, zvinotoitika zvino, zvichibvumira vagadziri vemitemo kunzwa kubva muyanza yeyapa yavose. Platforms dzakadai seInstagram Live naYouTube mipata inogara yakashandiswa navatungamiriri vezvamatongerwe enyika munyika dzakawanda kupindura mibvunzo nenzira yazvironzere, kuvamba pfungwa yokuoneka. Kunyange zvakadaro, kumhanya kwevezenyurukidza kunogonawo kupfupikisa kurangarira kwokurangarira, kuchitungamirira kukuita kwokukurumidza uye kutaura zvakaipa kunopararira nokukurumidza kupfuura kururamisa.

Masangano Anokweva: Manzwi Avagari Vomunyika Anojeka

Masangano angave akaramba ari omunzvimbomo kana kuti asina kujeka anogona kuwana ngwariro yorudzi kana kuti yenyika yose kupfurikidza noutachiona, mavhidhiyo anogoveranwa, uye akabatanidzwa paIndaneti. # BlackLives Matter[ kufamba, kwakavamba muna 2013 pashure pokusunungurwa kwaGeorge Zimmerman, kunoshandiswa kunyora masimba masimba emapurisa uye kuronga kutsutsutsumwa muUnited States uye kudarika. Nenzira yakafanana, [[FLT:]# Mato [FLT]] vapukunyuki vedenho yevatano vakasimbiswa kuti vagoverane nhau dzavo, kutungamirira kumiteoro yemitemo namasangano etsika munyika dzakawanda.

Masangano aya anoratidza kuti masangano enzanga anogona kuputsa mikurumbira yetsika yesimba. Mugari mumwe ane nhau inogombedzera uye foni anogona kutanga kurukurirano inonzwika nemamiriyoni. Uyezve, zvinobudisa nhau zvinoderedza kuvimba navanochengeta magedhi makuru ezvinobudisa nhau, achibvumira vashingairi kuronga zvinhu zvakananga. Zvisinei, masangano euswa anogonawo kutarisana nenjodzi: kuoneka kwawo kunogona kukwezva kubuda munzendo dzinopesana, uye mubatanidzwa weInternet hausati uchishandura nguva dzose kuva chiito chakasimba panze pemavhaira. Mukana wacho ndewechokwadi, asi unoda kuti pave nesangano rezvokuronga zvinhu zviri nani kupfuura kungofamba vhairasi.

Kubatanidzwa Mune Zvokufambisa: Kurwisa Nokumanikidza

Mabudiro enzanga akabatanidza zvishandiso zvakananga zvakagadzirirwa kusimudzira kunyoresa nokuvhota. Somuenzaniso Facebook, yakafambisa "Funga percentation" zviyeuchidzo, nepo Istagram neSnapechat zvakatanga mapepa okuvhotera namaseti. Maererano nokuedza 2020 kwakaitwa nevanzveri paUniversity yeCalifornia, San Diego, Facebook zviyeuchidzo zvakawedzera muvhoti pakati pavavhiyi neanenge 0,0, percentes percents @a percenta inopa chikuva chetejinivhiyo. Mujatiro 2020.US, vanhu vanoda kusvika mamiriyoni 17 vakashandisa Facebook kuvhota kuvhota.

Kupfuura zviyeuchidzo, zvinobudisa nhau zvenzanga zvinogonesa kuitirwa donzo guru rezvamatongerwe enyika. Masangano avanhu maduku anotanhamarirwa akavakirwa pafariro, nzvimbo, uye mufambiro wekare. Uku kururama kunogona kubetsera kusvika kuvasakendengi kana kuti vavhoti vasina kurongeka namashoko akagadzirirwa. MuIndia, somuenzaniso, Baratiya Janata Partition inoshandisa Ayapp naFacebook kuti isvike vavhoti vokumaruwa, kuchigovera kukukunda kwavo kukuru kwevavhiyi. Bva uku kugona kushandiswa nokuda kwokupesana nokuvhota, sezvinoonekwa muhotera kweCambridge Analycatica. Banza rokuvhotera rinofanira kuedzwa mukurwisana nebviro yemikororo yokushandisa.

Ngozi Dzakabatanidzwa Nezvinobudisa Nhau Zvenzanga Nokuda Kwezvirongwa Zvedemocratic

Kunyange zvazvo zvinobudisa nhau zvichipa betsero dzakajeka, rutivi rwazvo rwakaipa runotyisidzira zvikuru masangano edemokrasi. idzi ngozi hadzina kufungidzirwa kuti dzinoitwa musarudzo kupota nyika yose, kubvira kumakwikwi apurezidhendi weUnited States muna 2016 kusvikira kuchisarudzo cheBrazil cha2019 uye kupfuura. Kunzwisisa idzi ngozi inhano yokutanga kukukudziridza mipimo inobudirira.

Mashoko Asina Kunaka uye Mashoko Asina Kunaka: Kuwedzera Kuvimba Nechokwadi

Mistinfontro/Miltry(Mashoko enhema anogoveranwa pasina vavariro inokuvadza(na) uye kurasika kwemashoko enhema nechenhema. Nzvero ya2018 kubva kuMit yakawana kuti nhau dzenhema parwendo rweTittter dzinooneka zvikuru, nokukurumidza, uye zvakafara zvikuru kupfuura nhau dzechokwadi, zvimwe nemhaka yokuti ndedzechiduku uye dzinoshatiswa mupfungwa. Mukati medenda reCHOVID-19, kutaura kwenhema pamusoro pemajekiseni nemishonga inorapa zvakawedzera paFacebook, Instagram, uye Whats App, zvinotungamirira kuderedza kukunda nokupfupikisa zvirwere zvoutano.

Mumamiriro ezvinhu ehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, mashoko asina kururama anogona kusekesa kutenda musarudzo. Pashure pekuvhota 2020 kwechiito chakapararira chokuvhota chakapararira chakapararira pasocial meters, kuchiguma muna January 6, 2021 kudenha kweU.S. Capitol. Platforms dzinotamburira kugutsikana zvine mwero, dzinobatwa pakati pemifungo yemagariro okutaura akasununguka uye kudikanwa kwokudzivisa kuvadziko. Kuvhotera, kwakadai seEuropean’s Digitable Services Act, inovavarira kuva nenzvimbo dzinozvidavirira nokuda kwenjodzi dzegadziriro yetsika, asi kudzora kunoda denho. Kudzivisa kutaura zvisina kururama kunoda nhevedzano: chinjo dzemitemo, kutaura kweidi, kubetsera kubetsera kukuvadziko, uye dzidzo yedzidzo yakavandudzwa yezvinobudisa nhau.

Kujekesa: Kuputsa Nzvimbo Yakajairika

Tsika yemaSayenzi yezvokushandira pamwe yokuratidza vashandisi vanowanzobatanidzwa navo inogona kuita makireepi eeconsoct nefluges. Vashandisi vanoratidzirwa zvikurukuru kumirangariro inosimbisa zvitendero zvavo zviripo, nepo mirangariro inopesana ichicheneswa kana kuti kupiwa muchiedza chakaipa. Nokufamba kwenguva, ikoku kunogona kuratidzira kubatana kwezvamatongerwe enyika, kuita kubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira nokunzwisisana zvikuru. Nzvero 20 yakawanikwa nePew Research Center kuti vashandisi venzanga vamagariro vane bviriranwa zvikuru sezvingabvira zvikuru vanosangana nezviripotesiti zvinowirirana nemirangariro yavo yezvamatongerwe enyika, uye vanoratidzira kuvengana kukuru zvikuru kune rumwe rutivi.

Kuchenesa hakusi chinhu chepaIndaneti chete; kunodirana mubatano chaiyoiyo nokudzora. Munyika dzakadai seUnited States, Brazil, uye India, zvinobudisa nhau zvakabatanidzwa neruvengo rwenzanga dzakawedzera uye kuderera kwetsika dzehurumende dzakadai sokubvuma migumisiro inosarudzwa. Vamwe vatsvakurudzi vanoramba kuti kubatana ichinhu chakagadzirwa, kwete chiputsi: mitemo yemitemo yokuvimbisana inotusa kushata uye kurwisana. Mapepa akavamba kuderedza mipimo yokuderedza kupararira kwezviri mukati, asi migumisiro yacho yakavhenganiswa. Vagari vemo vanofanira kutsvaka nokushingaira mashoko akasiyana - siyana uye kubatanidzwa muhurukuro dzevagari vemo mukupesana neiyi ngozi.

Kushandisa Kunyengera Nepesvedzero: Apristim Yokushandisa Zvombo

Vatambi vezvamatongerwe enyika vakadzidza kushandisa zvisina kufanira gadziriro yenzanga kuti vadzore mirangariro yavose. Mukati mesarudzo ya2016 yeU.S., varwi veRussia vakashandisa nhau dzenhema paFacebook, Twitter, uye Instagram kudzvanya kusawirirana nepesvedzero. Vakaita kuti zvinhu zvisave zvakasiana panhau dzakadai sedzinza, kubuda munyika, uye kudzora pfuti, kukwidziridza mapoka. Nenzira yakafanana, mukusarudza kwe 2019 kweNigeria, kwakabatanidza mufambiro wechipanishi paTutter rondedzero dzenhema pamusoro pavadai. Uku kushambadza kazhinji kazhinji kacho kunoshandisa mibatanidzwa yebot, munhu wenhema, munhu wenhema, uye kushambadza kushambadza kuti vasvitse zvinangwa zvavo.

Kupfuura kudzongonyedzwa kwenyika dzokunze, vezvematongerwe enyika vemumusha vanoshandisawo zvinobudisa nhau. MuPhilippines, vatarisiri vaRodrigo Duterte vakashandisa boka retsoropodzo uye vadzori vanobhadharwa kuti vadenhe vatsoropodze uye vaparadzire mashoko anoparadzirwa. Kushaikwa kwokuoneka pashambadza kwezvamatongerwe enyika uye kusanyanyova kwezvamazauko emitemo yemitemo yemitemo inodzora yapamutemo kunenge kwakaomera vagari vemo kuti vaongorore mashoko avanogamuchira. Masangano akadai seUnited Nations akakumbira kuzvidavirira kukuru, kubatanidza kuoneka mumitengo yezvamatongerwe enyika nokunzvera masangano emitemo. Asi kuzviisa pasi peduruvarati kuti vawandi vezvoruzivo rwamakuru vezvoruzivo rwamatonge vachiwanzova vakakuwana mabasa makuru.

Kutya Kunotyisidzira: Kudzivirira Kuperera Kwoune

Kungova nevhota vezvematongerwo enyika, kana kuti mapepa okunyoresa mavhota anogona kubudisa mashoko emunhu oga, kudzokorora mashoko, uye kusavimba negadziriro yemakombiyuta. Muna 2016, mahofisi ehurumende anoongorora makombiyuta eDdemocratic National Committee anobudisa mashoko anobva kuWikiLeaks, achipfuudzira nhoroondo dzechirungu. Muna 2020, mahofisi evhotera eUnited States anoshandira rudzikinuro akatarisana nokurwisa kwemariko, kunyange zvazvo pasina kuvhotera kwakaipa.

Kushandiswa kwemakombiyuta kunobatsirawo kuti vanhu vasatya kudzivirira njodzi dzepakombiyuta nokupararira kwezvinhu zvinongoshandiswa. Kunyange zvazvo kubheja kwokutanga kusina chokuita zvakananga nenzvimbo dzokuvhota, kugadzirwa kwezvombo kunogona kukanganisa pfungwa dzevanhu. Kuda kudzivirira kwakasimba, zvirongwa zvezviitiko, uye kushandira pamwe nemasangano ehurumende kuti adzivirire zvinhu izvi. Voter vanewo mutoro wokushandisa mashoko akasimba, zvichiita kuti zvinhu zviviri zvinonyatsooneka zvinyatsooneka, uye kusava nechokwadi chokuburitswa kwemashoko kunogona kubatsira. Kuperera kwemavhotavi kunotsamira pazvose zviri zviviri zvinodzivirira zvemichina uye kumira panzvimbo yavose inoramba kuvhotapuko.

Kudzikamisa Mukana Nengozi: Kufambira Mberi

Kuchinja kwemapepanhau nevemakombiyuta pahurumende inosarudzwa nevanhu hakuna kufanotaurwa. Zvikamu zvimwe chete izvo zvinogonesa kugadzira uswa zvinogonawo kuparadzira mashoko. Chinokosha ndechokugadzira nokusakurira tsika dzinowedzera betsero asi dzichideredza kukuvadza. Izvi zvinoda chiito kubva kuvaveredzi vakawanda: makambani ezvoruzivo, hurumende, nzanga, uye vanhu.

Marobhoti Okugadzira Zvinhu

Hurumende kupota nyika yose dziri kuedza kudzora kuderedza ngozi dzemasangano anofambidzana. Mutemo weEU weDigital Services [ unoisa misengwa pamapuratifomu makuru kuti uone nokuderedza ngozi dzegadziriro yegadziriro yedemokrase, kubatanidza kudzongonyedza nokusanzwa. MuUK, Online Safety Bill Recorectives commutions kuti zviitwe zviri mukati ndokudzivirira vana. Panguva ino, U.S. yave ichinonoka kuita, nekakavadzano dzinopfuura 230 dzeNhevedzano dzeNhevedzo Dzeko dzinodzosera kugadziridza. Kudzika kunofanira kuchengeta kutaura kwapachena apo kunenge uchivimbisa kuzvidavirira nokuda kwemitemo yemitemo uye kudzivirira mamitengo.

Mutoro Wokuchinja

Makambani ezvoruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu anofanira kutora matanho okuvandudza utano hwechikuva hwehurumende inosarudzwa nevanhu. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuvandudza nzira dzokuita zvinhu zvine mwero, kuwedzera kuona zviri mukati mazvo pakushambadza kwezvamatongerwe enyika, kugadzirisa maatomu kuti aderedzedze nyika, uye kuisa mari mumitero inoshanda yeIndaneti. Dzimwe nhanho, dzakadai seMeta’s Oversysted Board, dzinopa muenzaniso wokuzviongorora kwezvisarudzo zviri mukati. Zvisinei, vatsoropo vanotaura kuti zvirongwa zvinowanzoita kuti zviwane mhindu pane zvakanaka zvakashaidzwa, semichina yokubhadhara mitero. Kudzvinyirira vashandisi, vatengi, vatengi, uye vadzori vezvokutungamirira vanofanira kushandura zvinhu zvinokosha.

Kuverenga Nekunyora uye Dzidzo Yezvinhu Zviduku

Kupa simba vagari vemo kuti vaongorore mashoko eIndaneti nenzira inoyera ndicho chinhu chinodzivirira zvikuru panjodzi dzesocial network. Zvirongwa zvokubudisa mashoko muzvikoro nenzanga zvinogona kudzidzisa vanhu kuongorora manyuko anozivikanwa, kuziva nzira dzokushandisa nadzo madhiropu, uye kufunga vasati vagoverana. Nyika dzakadai seFinland dzakashandisa zvikuru unyanzvi hwokuverenga nokunyora mashoko uye nguva dzose panzvimbo dzinoda kurasika mashoko. Kukurudzira mashoko kubva kuzvinhu zvinobudisa mashoko zvakasiyana - siyana zvinodavirwa nezvinofungwa kuti zvivepo kunogona kuvaka purofiti yakakurumbira. Maraiti, maza, mapurofiti, mapurofiti, uye masangano ezvinobudisa nhau anogona kugovera zvinhu izvi zvinodzidzisa.

Mugumisiro: Kurwira Kudzora Kunoitwa Nevezvokukurukurirana Nenzanga

Makambani haasati ari echokwadi kana kuti akaipa nokuda kwehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu; chishandiso chinobvisa kombamiro dziripo munzanga namasangano. Mikana yainopa inowedzera upwirirani, kuvimbisana chaikoiko kwenguva, midzi inopa simba, uye kuvhotera. (Ingozi(misformation, decalinection, kunyengera, uye tyisidziro dzeIndaneti) ndedzechokwadi zvikuru uye dzinokuvadza. Nguva yemberi yokutonga kwedemocracy muzera remichina ichatsamira pachisarudzo chatinoita sangano: kuti tinodzosa sei zviteshi, kuti tinoita sei zviteshi zvemitemo, uye kuti tinoshandisa sei mashoko edu uye kutigovera sei mashoko.

Kuti tidzivirire hurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, tinofanira kuramba zvose zviri zviviri kudzora mamiriro ezvinhu okugadzira zvinhu uye tariro. Nhengo dzenzanga hadzingangoerekani dzasimbisa hurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, kana kuti kuiparadza nenzira isingadzivisiki. Panzvimbo pezvo, tinoda nzira yakadzikama, yakavakirwa pauchapupu inobvuma zvose zviri zviviri bviro nengozi. Kupinza muruzivo rwokunyora nokunyora mashoko, kurayira kuzvidavirira pachikuva, uye kutsigira kutsigira kubudisa nhau kwemapepanhau kunokosha. Kana tikadaro, tinogona kuderedza dzikamo yemikana uye kubva mungozi, kuvimbisa kuti zvinobudisa nhau zvenzanga zvinova simba rokuvandudza hurumende yehurumende yeruzhinji panzvimbo pokuramba.

Nokuda kwokuravazve, ona [[FLT: 0] Mushumo wePew Research Center wekushandiswa kwenhau kupfurikidza nezvinobudisa nhau[[FT:1], nzvero pakupararira kwenhau dzenhema[, uye [[FLT] progical Services regitagements reginical Sect .