Chitanga: Chibvumirano Chakanaka cheChishanu uye Nzira Yokuva Norugare

Good Foundter Agreement, inozivikanwa nenzira yakanyorerwa seBelfast Agredment, yakasainwa pana 10 April 1998, ichiratidzira nguva inokosha munhau yeNorthern Ireland. Yakaguma makore makumi matatu erwisano yamasimba masimba inozivikanwa seNhamo, iyo yakauraya upenyu 3 600 uye yakasiya maronda akadzika echimuko. Chibvumirano ibvumirano chorugare rukuru runofukidza nhau dzebumbiro remitemo, kodzero dzavanhu, ruramisiro, uye kusunungurwa kwavasungwa vehondo. Pakati pezvikamu zvayo zvinotapura zvikuru uye zvinotsoropodza igadziriro dzezvo zvokukanda zvombo zvehondo zvinoda kupfurwa uye kubvisa utongeidzo. Izvi zvirongwa zvakaro zvakarongedzerwa kubvisa zvishandiso zvinoshanda zvemasimba masimba masimba uye kuita kuti mhoteredzo yakakotsekanirwa kuti masangano ezvamatongerwe enyika atange anotangazve kuvimba. Pasina fambiro mberi kute mamiriro ezvinhu anoteverwa mberi, pasina mamiriro ezvinhu echiito okubudirira pakuvakazve kubuda muIreland, uye kuzivisa zviitiko zvokubudirira, zviri kumusoro kweNorthverenje, pasina kubuda.

Gadziriro Dzokurasikirwa Nehondo Mubvumirano

Rugwaro rweGood Friver Augnition zvakajeka runoda kuti mapoka ose ashandise "chinjo ipi neipi yaangava nayo" kuti asvike kubviswa kwezvombo zvehondo mukati mamakore maviri edare rinopa mvumo Chibvumirano. Iyi mhiko yakatenderwa muchikamu pa "Decomming" (Anex A yeChibvumirano) uye yakabatanidzwa zvakananga nokutangwa kwemasangano ezvamatongerwe enyika. Hurumende dzeIrish neBritain dzakabvumirana kuti kubvisa kwakanga kuri rutivi runokosha rwebasa racho. Kudzora kuparadzwa kwezvombo zvisiri pamutemo, Pendeccomption Commission of Decomingting (ICD) yakasimbiswa. Chigaro chakagadzwa zvakananga naGeneral John de Chaplein, II akabatanidzawo vamiririri vamiriri vanobva muUnited States neFinland. Chakaraira, kudzorwa nokusimbiswa kwezvombo zvose zviri pamutemo nehurumende zvapamutemo.

Mufambiro Unodzokororwa: Nhano Dzokuenda Kuchivimbo

Matomu chaiwoiwo okubvisa masuo mugadziriro yokushanda akabvumikisa kuva akaoma zvikuru kupfuura nguva dzokufunga dzokutanga, mapoka echimurenga anoverengeka pashure peChibvumirano, boka rehondo gurusa, Irish Republican Army (IRA), akaramba kupa pfumbano yezvombo zvipi nezvipi, achiramba kuti Chibvumirano hachina kuda mamwe mativi ose enzvimbo dzerugare akavapo. Iyi ihotera kunjodzi muhurumende inowirirana nehurumende paSpondont paSpont. Pakati pa20059, CD inodzokera mu 2001 apo II CD yakaisa mabasa okutanga eI , inobatanidza zvombo zvisingazoshandiswi. Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvichiwanikwa namapoka makuru ezvo ainjini yakaitwa, boka guru rehurumende raidzwa nokupfuvura nokupfuvura , rakazivisawo kuti pakati pa2005559, , chiverengerono chamatunhurikidzwa neII, asi chakasara nguva yakawanda kuti chitsaruso chakavapo mumirire, uye kuwanda kwemitevedzodzo yaJuly 2005, nguva yakare yakaitwa muduka. Zvikamu chikuru zvikuru yakaitwa kuti, mamwe masangano ose aipo

Kuedza Kubvisa Mauto

Parutivi pekukanda zvombo pasi, Good Friday Agreement yakaraira chinjo huru kuzvivako zvokuchengeteka zveNorthern Ireland. Kushanda kwemauto kwakabatanidza kuderedzwa kwegadziriro yokuvapo kwehondo dzeBritain, kuchinjwa kwemapurisa, uye kubviswa kweratidziro dzechiratidzo nedzekunze dzesimba rokudzivirira. Iyi mitoo yakanga yakaitirwa kuti ive yetsika dzavanhu vaigara munzanga dzakagara kwemakumi emakore vachitarisirwa nemauto, nzvimbo dzokuongorora, uye kuvapo kwemauto nguva dzose. Vavariro yacho yakanga iri yokuchinja kubva patsika yekodzero nemitemo yenzanga yakatendiswa nenhevedzano. Kurwisa kwakanga kwakabatana zvakananga nokugadzikwa kwakafara kwezvamatongerwe enyika: semapoka ehondo aibvisa zvombo zvavo zvombo uye chisimba chakaguma, mugariro wacho waizodzorwa nokudzorwa kupfurikidza nemauto awo akashongedzerwawo.

Kuderedzwa Kwamauto Okuchengetedza

British Army yakanga yaiswa muNorthern Ireland muna 1969 pakutanga kweNhamo, uye panhambo yayo huru, varwi vanopfuura 20 000 vakamiswa ikoko. MuRevent Agreement, hurumende yeBritain yakazvipira kuderedza mwero yeboka rehondo nokugumisa nhambo dzenguva dzose dzehondo munharaunda dzomuguta. Muitiro wacho wakanga usati wakurumidza, asi wakanyanya sezvo mugariro wechengeteko wakavandudzika. Muna 2007, pashure pokunge IRA yabvisa zvizere uye simba rapamberi, rakadzorerwazve munharaunda, UK yakagumisa nomutoo unodzorwa, kushanda kwehondo kwegore namakore 38 kumusoro wehondo muNorthern Ireland nemutomuto, uye sekondi yehurumende yakadzorwa zvikuru nokuda kwechito yehurumende. Zvikamu zvehondo zvakanzi mudungwe zvehondo zvakaderedzwa zvikuru nemubatanidzwa mudungwe zvehondo, zvikurukuru mukutsigira kushanda kwemapurisa munzvimbo yenjanji. Hondo yehondo yakagadzirwa neyamubatanidzwa zvikuru mudungwe yepasi peto yehurumende yeIrse.

Kubviswa Kwezvokuiswa Kwehondo

Chimwe chinhu chinooneka chokubvisa hondo chakanga chiri kuvharwa nokubviswa kwamazana enzvimbo dzamauto, shoo, uye nzvimbo dzokunzvera izvo zvakanga zvazadza nzvimbo, zvikurukuru mumuganhu nenharaunda dzinodavirwa. Uku kuiswa kwakanga kuri zviyeuchidzo zvehondo uye kazhinji kazhinji manyuko epfundepfundero nedzvinyiriro. Hurumende yeBritain yakavamba gadziriro yokubvisa kana kuti kugadziridza nzvimbo idzi. Mienzaniso yenzvimbo dzinodzorwa dzinobatanidza kuvharwa kwemauto kufanana neAbercorn Barckles muBlykinler, kubviswa kweshoo yokutarira rusvingo rworugare muWest Belfast, uye kubviswa kwezvivako zvechekero kumativi enzvimbo dzinonzvera kumativi ose. Nzvimbo zhinji dzehondo idzi dzakadzorerwa kunzanga nokuda kwedzimba, dzidzo, kana kuti kugadzirwa kwechinjo yehondo. Kubviswa kwehondo kwakanga kusati kuri kunongovawo chiyero kuoneka kworuwa rune simba asi kutoorwawo kuti kuve nechimiro cherugare chakasimba kunzvimbo yokudzorwa kupfurikidza nokudzorwa kwegadziriro kwehondo. Kunyange zvazvo zvakagoverwa zvehondo zvakagoverwa zvekushandiswazve.

Matambudziko Nezvakabudirira

Kukanda pasi kwenzvimbo yehondo muChibvumirano cheGood Ireland chakawana miuyo inokosha, yenhau. Zvombo zvizhinjisa zvisiri pamutemo zvakatangwa, Army yeBritain haichafambi mumigwagwa, uye mapurisa zvino ava simba risiri rehurumende. Zviitwa izvi zvakanga zvichikosha nokuda kwokushanda kweNorthern Ireland Assembly neGuertive gredment, uye nokuda kwegadziriro yorugare rwakawanda iyo yakaona kuderera kukuru mumasimba enyika. Basa reI IICD nokuitwa kwePatten Report zvinorangarirwa semienzaniso inobudirira yePropuko, ihurumende. Zvisinei, zvinetso zvakasara. Mapoka masangano maduku asingadi kudzoro reRepublicrate neStatesss anoramba aripote, sezvo IRA nerealra remodeywords, rinopfuurira kuvapo uye kusabudiswa kwezvo zvombodomeswo muhondo dzamatomuhondo makuru ehondo yehondo dzenyika dzose dzinopfuunde, apo Hurumende nehurumende zvakapukunyuka Hurumende zvakatongedzerorosesa zviripotevedza nyika dzose dzenyika dzose. Zviwi zvinongo nyika dzose zvinongo zvakangosha

Nhau Dzechengeteko Dzinopfuurira

Mwero wetyisidziro inobva kunzvimbo dzinopandukira uriphabliki unoramba uri pa "seye" (kureva kuti denho inobvira zvikuru) muNorthern Ireland mukuwirirana naMI5. Mapoka aya akapinda mudenho dzapanhambo nenhambo pamapurisa navashandi vetorongo, pamwe chete nenhema dzebhomba nedenho duku dzezvombo. Kubvisa mudzimwe nzvimbo dzemiganho neriphabliki dzeparabhulamu zvinopfuurira kuraira kutsigirwa nemabasa ouchenjeri. Nenzira yakafanana, masangano akavimbika haasati abvisa chose chose chose chose, uye kubatanidzwa kwawo mukubata mirimo netyisidzirwa kunoramba kuri nhau yenzanga yakakomba. Kubviswa kwezvisimbo zvehondo nokuderedzwa kwamauto hakuna kubvisa izvi zvinetso zvinopfuurira, asi kwakashandura mamiriro ezvinhu avo enguva ino. Nhine, kunyange zvazvo kushambadzanwa kwakakomba nokushata kushata kushatiswa kwehondo kunotambudza.

Kusimbiswa Kwamarudzi Ose Nokutarisirwa

Rubudiriro rwekukanda zvombo nokubvisa hondo rwakavakirwa nokubatanidzwa kukuru kwamarudzi ose. IICD yakanga iri mutumbi wemitengo unobatanidza mitezo inobva kunze kweUK neIreland, ichivimbisa kuzvimirira. Nzira dzawo dzokubvumikisa nadzo sedzinoshandisa nyanzvi dzehondo dzeUnited States kupupurira kuparadzwa kwezvombo uye kushandisa ufakazi hwezvombo (jeresa kuti vatambi vomunzvimbomo vaisagona. Pendition Moniting Commission (IMC), yakagadzwa muna 2004 sorutivi rweSt Andrews Accounic, yakaitawo rutivi. IMCFON yakaitawo kana mapoka emauto eUnited States akanga achirega kupfura uye achitora ufakazi hwokubudisa basa, uye mishumo yawo yenguva dzose yakabatsira kuti vatsigiriki vawa vawa vawane maruramiro enyika dzose. Iyi inogoverwa yemidyando yehurumende yehurumende kuti zvikwadikanwa zvaiva zvechokwadi, uye kumauto enyika yose aidzorwa kumauto kuti adzorwe.

Mugumisiro: Kutsigira Rugare

Kubviswa kwenzvimbo dzamauto kwave kuchibatsira kushandura Northern Ireland kubva kuruwa rwehondo kuva hurumende inoshandira . Kubviswa kwezvombo zvehondo kwakabvisa nzira dzechisimba chikuru, nepo kubviswa kwezvombo zvehurumende kwakabetsera kudzorera chivimbo pakati penzanga dzechibvumirano chenyika. Kubatanidzwa kwezvombo hakutongoitiki nokukurumidza, uye muitiro unodikanwa kupfuurira, kutungamirira kwamarudzi ose, uye kudisa kwose kutora ngozi dzorugare. Zvinetso zvakapfuurira (5) kubva kuruwa rwechisimba kunhaka chekare-revescrigionsss ascratic coms asss as controctives zvakabetsera kudzorera chivimbo pakati penzanga dzechibvumirano chehurumende. Kubatanidzwa kwezvamatongerwe enyika negadziriro yerugare, kunyange kupfurikidza nenguva nenguva inotemesa, zvinobvumikisa kuti kugadzikwa kworugare. Nokuda kwavanhu veIreland, kusatombo reChishanu neromendero rekudzoro renyika dzehondo dzakava kudzosera mamiriro evhune renguva dzose dzebasa risingadzoro. Kutyikaro yebasa renguva dzose dzakasimba rakasimba rakasimba rakasimba.

Nokuda kwokuravazve pamusoro pegadziriro dzakananga, ona rugwaro rwakazara rweChibvumirano Chakanaka cheChishanu . Kunzvera kwenhau kwegadziriro yokubvisa kunogona kuwanwa pa [ Nhevedzo yewebhu yeIndaneti [. Penzuro yeInderation International Commission on Decoming's iripo [[FLT:]] [FLT]] [FLT][FLT:]][5]. Kufungwa kwakakwana kwePaten Report Report neronsorangedzo kwamapurisa kunogoverwa ne [[FLT:]B[FLT]][FLT]].