Purogiramu yeCommunity Development Block Grant (CDBG) ndeimwe yemimwe miuyo inochinjika zvikurusa neyamasimba enyika inowanika kuhurumende dzomunzvimbomo. Inopiwa neU.S. Department of Howary and Urban Development (HUD), CDBG inopa nzanga betsero kukupa migove yakasiana----kusiyana kwezvinodikanwa (kubva pakuvaka zvivako zvokuvaka uye dzimba dzinotengwa kuti dzitsigire kusimudziro yemari namabasa avose. Nepo hurumende yehurumende ichigovera gadziriro yemari, idhipatimendi yehurumende inoshanda sechibvumirano chinokosha pakati pemiitiro yenyika nemubato womunzvimbomo. Masangano aya anotarisira kugoverwa kwebasa, kutsigira, kubvumira, kutsigira, uye kugovera tsigiro yezvoruzivo rwokushanda kweCD nerondo dzinoshandiswa kushandira kwemadhipatiriro enyika. Pasi pezvirongwa zvezvirongwa kuti zvishakire munzanga zvishakire munzanga zvinoda zvikuru.

Basa Remahofisi Ehurumende mupurogiramu dzeCDBG

Mapato ehurumende anoshanda senhevedzano pakati pamasangano ehurumende yomunzvimbomo nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo, kushandura zvinangwa zvehurumende zvakafara kuva mabasa anoshanda, akanangana nenzanga. Iri basa nderose riri maviri revadzori nevehurumende anotarisira masangano ose anopa upenyu(kubva mukushandiswa kwose kunzvimbo dzokupedzisira).Apo zvinoumbawo kuti zvinhu zvinokosha zvehurumende zvinochinjirwa sei kumigariro yomunzvimbomo yakasiana-nze. Munzanga dzisiri dzenyika (avo vane vanhu vari pasi pe 50 000 avo vasingagamuchiri zvakananga CDBG tsiginichaidzo inobva kuHud), masangano anoumba masangano makuru eCDBG. Maparedhi ehurumende aya ari pakati pezviwanikwa zvose zvenzanga zvenzanga zviri mumaruwa neduku zvikuru muAmerica.

Madhipatimendi ehurumende anofanira kushandisa mitemo yakaoma, kuita kuti pave nezvinenge zvichiitika, uye kuwiriranisa zvinhu munzvimbo dzakasiyana - siyana. Anobatsirawo hurumende kuti dzikwanise kushandisa zvinodiwa nehurumende uye kuwana zvimwe zvinhu nokubatana uye kugadzira zvinhu zvitsva.

Kushandisa Mari Yokugara Nokutarisira

Basa guru ramadhipatimendi ehurumende nderokugovera mari inopa miuyo nenzira inowedzera apo inoomerera kunhungamiro dzehurumende. Kutora nzvimbo hakusi kupfuvura kwakapfava kupfuvura madhora; kunoda kunzverwa kwokungwarira kwezvinodikanwa zvenzanga, mipimo yechiverengero chavagari vemo, uye zviratidzo zvemari. Nyika dzinoshandisa mubatanidzwa wemibato inopa mibato inopa, kuparadzirwa kwematendiro, uye kuiswa kwapamativi enzvimbo nokuda kwezvinokosha zvakati kuti kuti zvive zvokuvakisa, zvinogadziridza zvinhu, kana kuti kuvandudza mari.

Gadziriro yokugoverwa kwacho inowanzovamba nePlan inosimudzirwa nehurumende, iyo inoronga nharidzano refu dzenhambo uye inozivisa zvinodikanwa zvokutanga zvakavakirwa panyuko yenzanga nenzvero yemibatanidzwa. Iyi gadziriro inopinzwa kuHID makore matatu kusvikira kumashanu ari ose uye inobatira segadziriro yezvisarudzo zvokutsigira mari. Mukati meiyi gadziriro, inobudisa Ziviso dzegore negore dzeFunga yeNyama yeAvairema (NHOFILAIL), ichikoka hurumende dzomunzvimbomo namasangano asingapinduri kuisa zvikarakadzo zvebasa. Kunzvera kunzvera kunzvera kushandira kunobva pamanyuko akadai sezvisingashatirwiswi, nzanga inobetserwa, nhevedzano nevavariro dzehurumende, uye mano echikumbiro chokutarisira budiriro yebasa nenzira inobudirira.

Kana mari yangopiwa, madhipatimendi ehurumende anotarisira mativi emari echipo chimwe nechimwe, kubatanidza kurasika kwemari, kuronga, uye kushuma. Anovimbisa kuti mari inoshandiswa bedzi nokuda kwemibato inowirirana ne(yakadai sedzimba, nzvimbo dzavose, kana kuti kukura kwemari) uye kuti asvike donzo guru repurogiramu rokubetsera vanhu vawana mari yakaderera neinodzikama. Ikoku kunoda kuongororwa kwendyiko, kukwezva kwapanguva yakafanira kubva mumari yomubatanidzwa, uye kuyanana nemari yakaro yezvirongwa. Kutarisirwa kwemari kunoshanda zvinoderedza ngozi yokuwana zviwanwa zvemari uye kubetsera vanhu kuchengeta kumira kwakanaka nokuda kwezvipo zvenguva yemberi.

Somuenzaniso, purogiramu ye CDBG inoda kuti inenge 70% yemari ishandiswe nokuda kwemibato inobetsera vanhu vamwe navamwe vanowana mari yakaderera neinoringana. Madhipatimendi ehurumende apedzedzesa chinodikanwa ichi kupfurikidza nokuyera mabhii anowanwa uye kuongorora basa rokuwana mari ichiripo vasati vabvumira. Anodzorawo mari inoitwa neCDBG-functiondrojeti yezvirongwa.

Kubatsira Mune Zveunyanzvi Nebasa Rokuvaka

Hurumende dzakawanda dzomunzvimbomo, zvikurukuru idzo dziri munharaunda duku nedzomumaruwa, hadzina unyanzvi hwokugadzira kumbiriso dzakasimba dzeCDBG, dzinowirirana nezvinodikanwa zvehurumende, kana kuti kuita mabasa akaoma. Mapato ehurumende anovhara mukaha uyu kupfurikidza nokupa mhatsa yakasiyana- siyana yebetsero dzemibato. aya mabasa haasati ari bedzi chinodikanwa chemitemo asiwo chishandiso chine simba kusimbisa rudzi rwose rwamabasa ebudiriro munzanga munyika yose.

Rubatsiro rwemichina runogona kuva nezvimiro zvakawanda. Vashandi vehurumende vanogovera nhungamiro imwe pakupa kunyorwa, kubetsera vakwiri kuronga mabasa avo muwirirano nepurogiramu nevavariro dzenyika. Vanoitisa masuo navanobhadharwa panhau dzakadai sehwirudzuro yemhoteredzo, zvinodikanwa zvedzimba dzakarurama, zvinodikanwa zvokutarisira zvakafanana (CFR Part 200), uye mipimo yokuwana mari. Nyika zhinji dzinopawo rovedzo pakutarisirwa kwemari, kubatanidza nzira yokugadza nayo gadziriro dzekuronga marobhora, ndyiro dzebasa rakakodzera, uye kugadzirira mishumo inodikanwa.

Kupfuvura rovedzo, madhipatimendi ehurumende anobetsera kuvaka nzvimbo dzamasangano omunzvimbomo. Angabetsera kukudziridza mitemo yokutora rutivi kwevagari vemo, kuvamba gadziriro dzokutarisira basa, kana kuti kugadza miitiro yokutarisira inobudirira. Mudzimwe nyika, vashandi vane ruzivo rwokuzviwanira vanogovera tsigiro yezvokushandisa mukati mekugadzirwa kwebasa, kubetsera kupa mhaka dzezvinetso vasati vava zvinetso. Uku kuita kunoshanda kunoderedza chiverengero chamabasa okururamisa anodikanwa uye kuva nechokwadi chokuti zvirongwa zvinoramba zviripo panguva uye pakuronga mari.

Chivako chinobatanidzawo mibatanidzwa yokudzidza yemazera, umo vakuru vakuru vomunzvimbomo vanobva munzanga dzakasiana vanogoverana zvidzidzo zvadzidzwa nemiitiro yakanakisisa. Mapato ehurumende anogona kupfavisa uku kuchinjana, nzanga yemisangano, uye kuronga zvidzidzo zvinosimbisa mabasa anobudirira. Nokushandisa unyanzvi uye zivo yevashandi vomunzvimbomo, masangano ehurumende anoita kuti pave nemugumisiro wekuwedzera kudarika kupiwa tsinga nomunhu, kuvandudza kubudirira kwose kwezvinoitwa munzanga munguva refu.

Kutanga Kutsigira Kufambira Mberi Kwenzanga

Madhipatimendi ehurumende anoita zvinopfuura kutarisira mari uye kugovera rovedzo, anoita kuti kufambirana kwenzanga kuvepo nokusimudzira kubatana, kukurudzira, uye kuva nechokwadi chokuti zvirongwa izvozvo zvinopa migumisiro inoisvogona kupfuudzwa. Tsigiro dzazvo dzinobatanidza mibato yakazara, kubva pakuvaka gadziriro itsva dzemvura uye kuvandudza mitsetse yetsvina kusvikira kukuvandudza maruwa ezvokutengeserana mutaundi reguta uye kugadzira mikana yokuwana pokugara inodhura.

Masangano ehurumende anoitawo basa guru mukuronga kuiswa kwemitengo yeCDBG nedzimwe purogiramu dzehurumende. Kupfurikidza nokubatana namasangano anotarisira zvokufambisa, dziviriro yemhoteredzo, mari yedzimba, uye kukura kwezvemari, mahofisi eCDBG anobetsera mahofisi anobatsira masangano anoshandisa mari dzakawanda nokuda kwezvirongwa zvakawanda, zvakabatanidzwa. Uyu mutoo wekushandisa mari unoita kuti udzivise kupedziswa kwenhamburiko uye unowedzera tapuro yemari yose yavose.

Kushandira Pamwe Nokushandira Pamwe

Kubudirira kwenzanga hakuwanzoitiki mukuparadzana. Madhipatimendi ehurumende anokudziridza nokushingaira kushandira pamwe namasangano asingapi mari, vatarisiri vezvirongwa zvehurumende, uye mamwe masangano ehurumende kuti aunze zviwanikwa zvokuwedzera nounyanzvi kumabasa omunzvimbomo. Uku kubatana kunokosha kuti vagadzirise zvinetso zvakaoma zvisingagadziriswi nokutengesa mari kwevanhu voga.

Mumwe muenzaniso webatira pamwe unozivikanwa navose kuumbwa kweLocal Development Districts kana kuti madare eruwa anobatira senhevedzo pakati pamasangano ehurumende nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo. Masangano aya anogovera betsero yemichina, kutarisirwa kwebasa, uye kupa mabasa okutarisira, zvikurukuru munyika umo purogiramu yeCDBG inodzorwa zvakanaka. Anobetserawo nzanga duku dzisina vashandi kugovera mvumo yakananga, inovabvumira kubetserwa nemari yeCDBG pasina kukundwa nemitoro yehurumende.

Madhipatimendi ehurumende anoshandawo navagadziri vedzimba vasingapinyi mari kuti vawedzere mari inotengwa yedzimba. Kupfurikidza neCHDO (Communy House Development Organization) yakagadzwa kumativi ezvirongwa uye dzimwe batanidzwa, nyika dzinova nechokwadi chokuti chikamu chemari yeCDBG inotsigira zvirongwa zvedzimba zvenzanga. Uku kuyanana kunoisa zivo yomunzvimbomo nokuchinjika, kuchiguma nedzimba dzinosangana nenzanga dzinoda zvikuru kupfuura mitoo yakakwirira yokuwana nayo.

Masangano ehurumende anounza kugadzirwa nokubudirira. Somuenzaniso, madhipatimendi ehurumende angabatira pamwe nemakamuri omunzvimbomo ezvokutengeserana, masangano ebudiriro yemari, kana kuti zvinobatanidzwa kutsigira kusimudzirwa kwegadziriro dzezvirongwa zvinotsigira kukura kwebhizimisi. Muzvimwe zviitiko, mari yeCDBG inobatanidzwa nokuiswa kwemari yakavanzika mumitengo yechikwereti inochinja, kuparira manyuko makuru okubudirira kwebhizimisi duku uye kugadzirwa kwebasa.

program yeHurumende paHUDBG [[FLT] inogovera udzame hwokuwedzera paiyi mitoo inobatira pamwe uye kuti nyika dzinogona sei kuwedzera pfuma kupfurikidza nokubatana.

Kuongorora uye Kushandira

Kusimbisa kujeka, kuzvidavirira, uye kuwirirana nemirau yehurumende ibwe rehwaro rebasa rebato rehurumende. Pasina utarisiri hwakaoma, CDBG mari inoisa mungozi yokushandiswa munzira dzisingasviki zvinangwa zvepurogiramu kana kuti kuputsa mitemo yehurumende. Madhipatimendi ehurumende anoitisa kuongororwa kunopfuurira kwevamiririri vawo vaduku uye vapi navaronze kusimbisa kuti mari inoshandiswa bedzi nokuda kwemibato inokodzera, kuti hwirudzuro dzemhoteredzo dzapedzwa, kuti mipimo yebasa inoteverwa, uye iyo inodikanwa kushuma yakarurama uye yakakodzera nguva.

Kuongorora kunoitwa zvimiro zvinoverengeka. Nyika dzinoita shoo dzemishumo yemari nemabasa zvinopiwa navapiwi, dzichitsvaka kusawirirana kana kuti mireza mitsvuku. Dzinoitawo pashanyo dzokuongorora, dzingaitika gore negore kana kuti panhambo dzinotambudza mupuraitiki. Shanyo idzi dzinogovera mukana wokunzvera mabasa anoendeswa, kusangana nevashandi, kuhwirudzura kudzora kwomukati, uye kupa nhungamiro. Kuwana kubva pamienzaniso yokuongorora kunonyorwa, uye kubvumira kuti vadaro kuite mabasa okururamisa apo chirongwa chacho chinenge chichidiwa. Mapato anoshanda muhurumende kuvimbisa kuti vaende kunoitwa uye angaisa zvirango zvakafanana nemari inochengetwa kana kuti kudzosa mabasa anenge anenge anenge atadza kupedza nhau dzinonzi.

Mitemo iyi inoongorora mashoko emari uye udzori hwezvisarudzo. Mitemo inofanira kuronga kuongororwa kwepurogiramu yavo yegore negore yeCDBG maererano neChitemo cheShupial Applicity (CFR Part 200, Sub parti F). Iyi mishumo inonzvera mashoko emari nezvinodzorwa mukati, uye zviwanwa zvipi nezvipi zvinofanira kukurukurwa nokukurumidza. Madhipatimendi ehurumende anofanirawo kuunganidza ndokuendesa mishumo yemari kuHUD, pakupedzisira achivimbisa kuti hurumende yehurumende inogona kuronda mutengo weSCDBG pamwero wenyika yose.

Kutsigira vapi mukusvitsa zvinodikanwa zvinoteererwa, madhipatimendi ehurumende anotanga magwaro enhungamiro, zvisarudzo, uye madzoro ayo anorerutsa mirau yakaoma. Anogoverawo rovedzo pamusoro penhau dzinobuda dzokuteerera, dzakadai sechinjo kuMurayiridzo weBCC kana kuti zvinodikanwa zvitsva zvedzimba. Kupfurikidza nokurongedza vapi nezvishandiso nezivo zvavanoda, mapato ehurumende anovabetsera kudzivisa misungo yavose ndokuchengeta chinyorwa chakasimba chokuteerera.

Kuyera Kwazvakaita Nemigumisiro Yazvo

Madhipatimendi ehurumende anonangidzirwa nenzira inowedzera pakuyera nokuratidzira miuyo yezvirongwa zvakatsikirirwa. Nepo purogiramu yakasimbisa munhau kuteererwa nokukosha kwebasa, vatarisiri vebasa vazvino uno vanoda kuti nyika dzibatanidze kuiswa kwemari kuvandudziko dzinooneka mugarikano. Iyi chinjo inosundwa nezvinodikanwa zvehurumende pasi peRemonement and Vers Act (GPRA) uye simbiso pakushuma kwapamuuyo muHUD Disbursement and Information System (IDIS).

Mipimo inowanzobudiswa inobatanidza chiverengero chamabasa akaitwa kana kuti anochengetwa, chiverengero chemhuri dzinobetserwa nedzimba dzinodhura, tsoka dzapamutsetse dzemvura kana kuti tsvina dzakavakwa, uye chiverengero chenzvimbo dzavose dzakavakwa kana kuti dzakavandudzwa. Zvisinei, matanho omuuyo anofamba nhano dzinopfuura neino — somuenzaniso, kuyera kuderera kwemitoro yedzimba nokuda kwemhuri dzinowana mari shoma, kuvandudzika mumvura pashure pokuwedzera zvivako, kana kuti wedzero mumitero yomunzvimbomo inoparirwa nokubudirira kwebhizimisi.

Madhipatimendi ehurumende anobetsera kuisa zvisarudzo zvebasa chairo, kuunganidza mashoko akavimbika, uye mushumo unoguma muchimiro chisingachinji. Anobatanidzawo mashoko mumabasa akawanda kuti audze nhau yenyika yose pamusoro petapuro yemitengo yemitengo yemari. Iyi mashoko anoshandiswa kuzivisa zvisarudzo zvemitemo, kururamisa zvikumbiro zvemari, uye kukurukura ukoshi kuvachengeti vemari, kubatanidza vakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa navanhu vose.

Mitemo yakawanda yakakudziridza mabudi kana kuti mishumo inoisa pachena zviitwa zveCDBG. Izvi zvokushandisa zvinowedzera kuona zvakanaka nokuratidza kuzvidavirira, nepo zvichigoverawo chikuva chokugovera nacho nhau dzebudiriro. Somuenzaniso, hurumende ingabudisa mushumo wegore negore unoratidza taundi duku raishandisa mari yeCDBG kutsiva gadziriro yemvura yaikundikana, kuvandudza utano hwavanhu uye kukwezva bhizimisi idzva.

Kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro peyereso yebasa mu CDBG, HUD CDBG Exchange (yereso yemashandiro) peji inopa nhungamiro nezviwanikwa zvehurumende nedzinopiwa.

Matambudziko Nemikana Muhurumende

Pasinei zvapo nemubato wemadhipatimendi ehurumende anokosha anoita, vanotarisana nedenho huru. Kuganhurirwa kwavashandi nemari kazhinji kazhinji kunodzivisa mwero webetsero yemichina nokutarisira zvinogona kugoverwa, zvikurukuru munyika dzine nzvimbo huru nenzanga duku. Kuoma kwemirau yehurumende kunogona kuva mutorowo, kunoda kurovedzwa kunopfuurira nokuda kwavashandi vehurumende navapiwi zvakafanana. Uyezve, dikanwo yokupindura kunhau dzinomuka senjodzi dzomusikirwo, kuderera kwemari, kana kuti njodzi dzoutano hwavanhu vose.

Chimwe denho ndechokuvimbisa kusvika kwakaenzana kumari yeCDBG munzanga dzakasiyana- siyana. Madhipatimendi ehurumende anofanira kuva anongwarira mukusvika chiverengero chavagari vemo chinochengetwa, kubatanidza nharaunda dzomumaruwa, nzanga dzemadzinza, uye nharaunda dzine vanhu vazhinji varombo kana kuti vanhu vashoma. Ikoku kunoda kuita nhevedzo namasangano akavakirwa panzanga, uye miitiro yokushandisa inochinjika inoderedza mhinganidzo dzehurumende duku nedzisiri dzapasi pemiganhuro.

Panguva imwe cheteyo, kune mikana inokosha yokuti madhipatimendi enyika awedzere simba rawo. Mikana yetechnology, yakadai semichina yokutarisira inopa inotsamira pamakore uye mashandiro emashoko okushandisa, inogona kufambisa mamiriro okunze, kunatsiridza kuoneka, uye kusunungura nguva yevashandi yemabasa akawanda. Kusimbiswa kuri kuwedzera pakusimba kwemamiriro okunze uye kuchengeteka kunovhurawo mikana mitsva yezvirongwa zveCDBG zvakagadzirwa, zvakadai sezvivakiso zvegirini, dzimba dzinodhura, uye kugadziridza njodzi. Madhipatimendi ehurumende anogona kutungamirira nzira mukubatanidza izvi zvinhu zvinokosha mumarongedzero azvo uye kugadzirirwa mamiriro ezvinhu.

Kupfuurirazve, kombamiro kumiitiro yakavakirwa paufakazi inoita mikana yokuti nyika dzipedze mipimo yakaoma ndokugoverana miitiro yakanakisisa munyika. Kupfurikidza nokutora rutivi mumibatanidzwa yedzidzo yemazera nepurogiramu dzebetsero dzehurumende, madhipatimendi ehurumende anogona kuvaka pabudiriro dzomumwe nomumwe ndokudzivisa zvikanganiso zvinodzokororwa. National Association of Coualies (NACO) inogovera zviwiro pasangano rehurumende reCDBG zvinosimbisa miitiro inoshanda uye zvinobuda.

mhedziso

Madhipatimendi ehurumende ndiwo magadzirirwe ebudiriro nokuda kwepurogiramu yeCommunity Development Block Grant pamwero womunzvimbomo. Anoshandura muitiro wehurumende kuva chiito chinoshanda, anovimbisa kuti mari inoshandiswa nokuchenjera uye zviri pamutemo, uye anogovera nzanga dzinoda kuvaka ramangwana riri nani. Kubva pakutarisira kugoverwa kwamamirioni amadhora mumakwikwikwi anopa mhindu yokurovedza vamabharani vaduku vemuguta pamusoro pemiitiro yehwirukwakano yemhoteredzo, madhipatimendi ehurumende anotapura rutivi rwuri rwose rweCDBG. Basa rawo rinowanzosaoneka kuvanhu vose, asi simba raro rinowanwa mumitsetse mitsva yemvura, misha inotengwa, uye mabhizimisi maduku anobudirira anopa mari ayo anoguma nokubudirira kwekufunga kwenzanga.

Sezvo zvinodikanwa zvenzanga zvinochinja uye zviwanikwa zvehurumende zvinotarisana nedzvinyiriro inopfuurira, basa ramadhipatimendi ehurumende richangova bedzi rinokosha zvikuru. Kupfuurira kuiswa kwemitengo yehurumende kupfurikidza nokushanda kwakakwana kwemibato, rovedzo, uye ruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu (jeki) zvichava zvinokosha kuchengeta perero nokushanda kwepurogiramu yeCDBG. Kuvatungamiriri venharaunda, kunzwisisa uye kutsigira basa remasangano ehurumende ndiko kunokosha kukuzivisa simba rose reiyi bhizimisi rehurumende inochinja.