Mhiri kweUnited Kingdom, vanameya vemameya vepasi pevhu vakabuda sevatungamiriri vanotsunga mukukwidziridza zvinhu zvomuguta. chiremera chavo pamusoro pemabhazi okufambisa omunzvimbomo, unyanzvi hwendege, uye masimba okuronga zvinopa mano akasiana okukurumidzisa kuchinja kwemotokari dzemagetsi (EV) muzvose zviri zviviri zvikepe zvavose uye kugamuchirwa kwemotokari dzomunhu oga. Nyaya inonzvera kuti zviremera zvehurumende zviri kuchinja sei mamiriro okunze anoshuva kuva zviito zvechiito chaicho, kubva kukuwanisa mabhazi nemakambani kuti zvivake mibatanidzwa yezvo kugadzira zvinhu zvinoparira kuti zvisarumbidzei zvisarudzo zvinoshanda nokuda kwomunhu ari wose.

Basa Rakakosha Revakundi VeMetro Mukurerwa Nevana Vavo

Mameya eUK anodzora zviremera zveguta, zvinobatanidza zviremera mumaguta zvakadai seManchester, West Midwants, West Yorkshire, uye West City County, zvinobata masimba akaderedzwa pamusoro pezvifambiso, dzimba, uye kukura kwezvemari. Aya masimba anobatanidza udzori pamari yezvokufambisa zvomunzvimbomo, mano okugadza migariro yetekisi nemotokari dzinobhadharwa, uye pesvedzero pamusoro pezvisarudzo zvokushandisa. Kubvira apo vanameya vokutanga vakasarudzwa muna 2017, vazhinji vakaisa chokufambisa chakachena pamwoyo pamarongedzero avo emo, kazhinji kazhinji kacho vachisuma zvipfuro zvinopfuura zvirongwa zvehurumende yorudzi.

Muenzaniso wemongi unoshanda zvikuru nemhaka yokuti unobatanidza kuita chisarudzo chavakuru vakuru nokuzvidavirira kwehurumende. Majeya anogona kuita chiito nokukurumidza, kuita zvikwata zvavanhu vose, uye kuwiriranisa zviremera zvakawanda zvomunzvimbomo seri kwechiono chimwe. Kugamuchira motokari dzemagetsi, ikoku kunoreva kubatanidzwa kwemapfundo anodzorwa pamiganhu mizhinji, kuwanikwa kwamabhazi emagetsi, uye kutumirwa kwemashoko kwenguva dzose kuvagari vemo namabhizimisi. Muuyo wacho unova mutsinhirano zvikuru uye kukurumidza zvikuru kupfuura zvingabvira pasi pemiganhu yomunzvimbomo yakaputsika.

Mashandiro Emitemo Yenyika uye Mayoral Policy Mayeral

Hurumende yeUK yakagadza chipfuro chenyika kuti ipedze kutengeswa kwemotokari itsva dzepetroli nedhiziri uye mavhani pakasvika 2035, uye inoda kuti mabhazi matsva ose anotengeswa muEngland ave asingashandi kubva muna 2025. Zvisinei, kupfuudza kunotsamira zvikuru pamabasa omunzvimbomo. Hofisi ye Zero Eugstag Vehicles (OZEV) inogovera mari inopa mari nokuda kwokubhadharwa kwemitoro yemishavo yebasa, asi ndivavazi vanozivisa nzvimbo dzokutanga ndokugonesa basa kupfurikidza nezvirongwa zvomunzvimbomo.

Mayar ane masimba okusumawo Ceac Moneral Zones (CAZs) neLow Eugging Zones muMganhu weMbangidziro. Idzi nzvimbo dzinoraira kuti motokari dzakwegura, dzinoshatisa zvikuru kupinda pakati peguta, dzichiumba sundo ine simba nokuda kwavashandi vengarava navanhu vamwe navamwe kuti vachinjire kumagetsi. Ultra Low Eugging Zone (ULEZ) ndiwo muenzaniso wakatanhamara zvikurusa, asi maguta akafanana naBirmingham, Bath, naPortsmouth anogonawo kupinza muCY. Mayss anogonawo kuwedzera aya zvirongwa zvepasuko uye mari yokuchinja kuti atsigire mabhizimisi maduku nedzimba dzinogamuchirwa pasi.

Kupfuurirazve, UK’s Cebec Vehicle Infrapublicactive Strategy yakabudiswa muna 2022] inoonesa chiono chenyika nokuda kwamapfundo anodenha, asi inoraira zvakajeka zviremera zvomunzvimbomo kutungamirira mukuronga nokutuma. Metro Meya, kupfurikidza nezviremera zvavo zvakabatanidzwa, yakaiswa zvakanakisisa kutsinhiranisa ikoku pamwero.

Zvirongwa Zvokuongorora Nokufambira Mberi

Motokari dzinoshuma goverano yakakura yezvinobudiswa mumaguta neshatiso yemhepo nemhaka yokuti dzinokombamira kuva mifananidzo yakare yedhiziri inodzorwa zvikuru kwazvo pakati peguta. Vacheri naizvozvo vakatangira kugadzirwa kwamabhazi, matekisi, marori edare, uye ngarava dzebhizimisi. Vazhinji vakaisa zvipfuro zvavose, uye vamwe vakatozvipfuura.

London – Ultra-Lougnes Zone neBus Fleet

Mayor weLondon, Sadiq Khan, ave ari piyona mukushandisa mirau nokuisa mari kuti ishande kurera vana nenzira yeEV. ULEZ yeLondon, yakakudzwa muna 2023 kufukidza mabhazi ose, inodenha motokari dzisina kurongeka $12.50 pazuva, inowedzera zvikuru ndyiko yedhiziresi rakura. Nenzira inowirirana, meya akazvipira kuita kuti ngarava dzose dzebhazi dzeLondon zedoro-actro pakasvika 2030. Kuvambira pakutanga kwe 2025, 1 600 mabhazi anoshanda – ngarava hurusaiti muEurope – uye guta rinowedzera mazana akawanda zvikuru gore rimwe nerimwe.

Gadziriro nokuda kweLondon (TfL) inoshandisawo mubatanidzwa unokura wemibato inodzorwa nokukurumidza yetekisi nemotokari dzinobhadharwa navanhu voga, nenzvimbo dzinotambira mari dzinopfuura 2 500 dzakaiswa muguta. General’s Engetic Vehicle Infragradure Retraulty Plan inopfuudzira 40 000 kusvikira ku 60 000 pomero pakasvika 2030. Kubudirira kwemutoo weLondon kwakasimbiswa nemuunganidzwa wemishumo yenhau yakasimba, batira pamwe chete navanhu vose, uye kuda kwezvamatongerwe enyika kunopfuurira.

Manchester Mukuru – Dare Rinodisa Zvinangwa

Mayor weGreater Manchester, Andy Burnham, akagadza nyajambwa wokushandura motokari dzose dzemataundi – kubatanidza marori okurasa, mapaka anogadzira mabhuraki, uye vatsvaki vemigwagwa – kumagetsi panosvika 2025. Greater Manchester Advudved Aguement (GMCA) iri kurongawo boka rayo rengarava dzebhazi, nechibvumirano chokusuma mabhazi 170 ebasa panosvika 2026 serutivi rweBee Network, gadziriro yamabhazi inodzorwa inopa kudzorwa kwemugwagwa nemotokari.

Kuisa mari yezvirongwa kufambirana. Kufambisa nokuda kweGreater Manchester kwakatumira vadzori vezvokufambisa nokukurumidza pamibatanidzwa yezvifambiso zvikuru uye kuri kushanda navashandisi vomunhu oga kuisa nzvimbo dzinotambira vanhu dzinopfuura 3 000 pakuzosvika 2026. Gweta rePurg Drac Emor Plan [[[FLM]] rinobatanidzawo kutsigira vatyairi vetekisi vachichinja kuenda kumagetsi, nemari yezvikwereti yakasununguka inotsigirwa nemari inobhadharwa nehurumende yeCeaioc Air Fund.

Birmingham – Mhepo Yakachena Nezvikamu Zvebhizimisi

Birmingham akatanga Desel Monera cone muna 2021 iyo inoshuva mabhazi ekare, varairi, matekisi, uye zvinhu zvinorema kupinda pakati peguta. Mayor weWest Midwands, Richard Parker (akabudirira muAndy Street muna 2024), akapfuurira kuisa mari muzvimwe zvinhu padiziri. West Middlands Drived Authority (WMCA) yakachengetera mari yemabhazi anopfuura 1 000 emagetsi, uye iri kuvhozhozhokera mubatanidzwa wevapfumi vapfumi vapfumi vapfumi vapfumi vapfumi vapfumi vapfumi vapfumi vapfumi vapfumi vama kuMadokero.

Zvikepe zvemotokari dzezvokutengeserana zveBirmingham, kubatanidza mabhurukwa okutakura mapasuru uye marori omusupamaketi, zviri kuitirwawo. WMCA inogovera mari kuti mabhizimisi atsive madhiziri nemifanikiso yemagetsi, uye anoshanda namakambani ezvokutengeserana kuisa mari inobhadharwa. Chinoitika cheguta racho chinosimbisa ukoshi hwokutarisira zvinodikanwa zvakananga zvemotokari huru zvikuru dzezvokutengeserana, izvo zvinoda vatarisiri vane simba zvikuru namano akareba.

Glasgow – Anogamuchira COP26 uye Anotungamirira Nomuenzaniso

Glasgow, sezvo COP26 muna 2021, yakagadza zvipfuro zvine gwinyiro renyika yose kunyange pamberi pokunge ngwariro yasvika. Dare reguta rakazvipira kuita ngarava dzaro rimene dzose dzemagetsi panosvika 2025, uye kusvikira panguva ino rakashandura 60% yemotokari dzaro. Guta racho rinorongawo kuva namabhazi ane zero anofambisa mhiri kwamasero ose pakupera kwa2025, chipfuro chinotsigirwa nemari kubva kuScondish Government’s Relected On Fleets.

Meya (mutungamiriri weguta raGlasgow, mutungamiriri wedare, anoshanda mukati megadziriro yokushanda kwechinobhadharwa) akatsigira kubhadharwa kukuru kunowanika pachena, kubatanidza boka ravatungamiriri vanokurumidza panzira huru nomumapaki emotokari. Kusvika kweGlasgow kunoratidza kuti kunyange maguta ane masimba akaganhurirwa ane simba rakaganhurirwa anogona kuita fambiro mberi huru kupfurikidza nokuzvipira kwezvamatongerwe enyika uye kubatira pamwe namasangano enyika.

Kubvisa Matura: Manete Okurovera uye Kupinda Mumvura

Nepo vanameya vanogona kuisa chipfuro chokushandisa magetsi engarava, kubudirira kweidzi nharidzano kunotsamira pagadziriro dzakakwana dzinobhadharwa. Kuvaka kombiyuta inobhadharwa navanhu vakawanda ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakaoma zvikuru uye zvinodhura zvikuru zvekuchinja kweEV, kunoda kuronga nokungwarira, kuisa mari mubhizimisi, uye kusanobatana navashandi vegadziriro dzinoparadzira (DNOs).

Vavengi vakagamuchira mhatsa yemiitiro yokukurira mipanzi yemabhotoro ehwaro. Vazhinji vakagadza mitumbi yokubereka yakatsaurirwa yakadai seboka reLondon’s Ligion Point Operations kana kuti Trast for EV Infraublicature Unit yeManchester kuti vatarisire kuwanikwa, kuronga, uye kurongedzerwa. Mitumbi iyi inoshandisa mashoko pakufamba kwemotokari, mitoo yokupaka, uye simba remichero iripo kuzivisa nzvimbo dzokutanga dzavatengi.

Chinonyanya kuoma kugadziridza makombiyuta emagetsi omunzvimbo iyi. Vatambi vanoshandisa magetsi, kunyanya vaya vanokwanisa kuendesa 150 kW kana kupfuura, vanoda kugadziridzwa kukuru kungatora mwedzi kana makore kuti vapedzise. Majekiseni ava kushanda zvakananga neDNOS neNational Grid kuti vagadzirise mawirirano asina kuoma uye kuti vaone nzvimbo umo magirazi avapo. Vamwe vari kuongororawo kuchengeteka kwebhatiri netunhu tuduku tunenge tunenge tuchinoshandira kuti vaderedze kuderedza kuoma kwemichina yepakombiyuta.

Imwe nzira itsva kushandiswa kwemichina inoridzira mari, iyo inoshandisa mabharami emwenje aripo mumugwagwa kugovera kunonoka asi kwakanakira kubhadharwa nokuda kwavagari vasina kumisa motokari. Maguta kubatanidza London, Oxford, uye Leeds akafambisa iyi ruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu, nameya vanotsigira kukura kupfurikidza nehova dzinotsigira mari. Kugara kwemitemo inobhadharwa kunotsoropodza nokuda kwe 40% yedzimba dzeUK dzisina nzira yokufambisa.

Kukurira Mhinganidzo: Ndyiko, Kutsamwisa, uye Kugovera Bhatiri

Pasinei zvapo nefambiro mberi, mhinganidzo dzinoverengeka dzinopfuurira kudzosera kuderera kwechinjo yeEV mungarava dzeguta nenzvimbo dzinoshandiswa. Ndyiko yemotokari dzamagetsi inoramba yakakwirira kupfuura zvivezwa zvedhiziri, kunyange zvazvo hwerengedzo yemari inowanzoderera nemhaka yendyiko yemafuta neyokuchengetedza. Ndyiko dzemari dzakabatwa nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo, mari yokutanga inogona kuva mhinganidzo. Vamachiza vakapindura kupfurikidza nokushandisa mari yehurumende yepakati yePlugint-in Carrant (zvino inoguma nemotokari asi dzichiripo nokuda kwemotokari netekisi) uye ZEBRA (Zero Eugro Registration Bus nharaundas) mari yemari inoripo.

Kutya kupera kwemutoro – kunoramba kuri itiro hanya nokuda kwavashandisi vengarava, zvikurukuru nokuda kwemarara nemotokari dzezvirongwa zvekurumidziro izvo zvine nhambo dzinoraira basa. Ruzivo rwokugadzira bhengi rwuri kumhanya nokukurumidza, nemitengo mitsva inopa misiyano yamakiromita 250 kusvikira ku 400, asi zvinodikanwa zvengarava zvakati zvingada kuronga nzira nokungwarira. Vacheri vamagwenya vari kutaura nezvayo kupfurikidza nokuendesa mari pamadhepo uye kuisa vadzori vehurumende nenzira dzinowirirana.

Chinogovera denho dzebhetri nokuwanika kwamano ane unyanzvi mukugadzira nokugadziridza zviri kugadziridzwawo. Zviremera zvakabatanidzwa zviri kuisa mari mupurogiramu dzokurovedza kupfurikidza ne makoreji omunzvimbomo uye kushanda navagadziri kuti vachengetedze kusvika kwokutanga kumienzaniso. Somuenzaniso, Kuchengetesa Trust [ inopa nhungamiro kuzviremera zvomunzvimbomo pamuitiro wakanakisisa wokuchinja ngarava.

Betsero Dzenzanga Nemhoteredzo Dzokurerwa Nevana Mumaguta

Kusundwa kwemotokari dzamagetsi hakusati kuri bedzi pamusoro pokuderedza kubudiswa kwecarbon; kunokoshawo kuutano hwavanhu vose. Kushatiswa kwemhepo, zvikurukuru mumotokari dzedhiziri, kunoparira nzufu dzinofungidzirwa kuva 40 000 pagore muUK, dzinotapura nenzira isingaenzaniswi nzanga dzinonyimwa idzo kazhinji kazhinji dziri pedyo nemigwagwa mikuru. Kupfurikidza namabhazi anodzorwa, matekisi, uye dare, vanameya vari kudzora zvakananga manyuko eiyi shatiso.

Mhepo yakachena inotungamirira kuzvinoitika zvishomanene zveasima, hosha yamapapu, uye migariro yemwoyo, ichideredza dzvinyiriro paNHS uye ichivandudza kunaka kwoupenyu. chinjo yacho inoderedzawo ruzha munharaunda dzomumataundi dzakakomba, zvikurukuru mumabhazi namabhini, izvo zvinoshanda mangwanani - ngwanani. Migwagwa isina ruzha ine betsero nokuda kwoutano hwendangariro nekuvata.

Kugamuchirwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi kunogonawo kutsigira kufambidzana kana kudzorwa nokungwarira. Vachenjeri vari kunzvera makirabhu emotokari dzenzanga nemotokari dzamagetsi, vachigovera kusvika kumari yakaderera, zvifambiso zvakachena nokuda kwedzimba dzisingagoni kutenga motokari yavo vamene. Mukuwedzera, kuiswa kwegadziriro dzemari mudzimba dzenzanga namafurati kunosimbisa kuti vagari vasina kumira paredhio havasiyiwi. Basa rameya munharaunda ino rinokosha nokuda kwokuva nechokwadi chebetsero dzekuchinja kweVhed rinogoverwa pamwero mukuru.

Nzira Iri Mberi: Mayoral Colturation uye Kuvandudza

Hapana guta rimwe rinogona kuita kuchinja kwemagetsi roga.Majeza ari kuwedzera kushanda pamwe chete kupfurikidza negadziriro dzakadai seboka reMetro Metro Mayor neboka reCore Cities, achigoverana miitiro yakanakisisa, mapurani, uye mashoko.

Kuvandudza kuri kuitwawo kupfurikidza nezvirongwa zvendege. MuLiverpool City County, meya akatanga kuedza zvikwata zvehydrogen zvine simba pamwe chete nemichina yemagetsi kuti aone kuti ruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu rupi rwakakodzera zviri nani nokuda kwezvinoshandisirwa zvinoda kudzorwa. MuWest Yorkshire, meya ari kupayona “masangano anodzorwa nerokugara rezuva uye anoshandisa mabhii anochinja-chinja kuderedza magetsi nokuda kwavaridzi veV.

Vachitarira mberi, meya ari kurongawo kubatanidzwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi kuva magirazi akangwara, achibvumira mabhatiri emotokari kuchengetazve simba rinopfuudzwa ndokuapazve mukati mechinodikanwa chapamusoro (vehicle-grid, V2G). Kuedza kwokutanga muLondon neManchester kwakaratidza miuyo inovimbisa, uye meya zvino vari kusundwa nokuda kwechinjo dzokuchinja dzorudzo idzo dzingabvumira zviremera zvomunzvimbomo kutarisira gadziriro dzeV2G.

Kuzvipira kwehurumende yeUK kukubudisa zuta kusvikira muna 2050, kwakabatanidzwa nomwero mukuru wegadziriro dzinodikanwa, kunoreva basa rameya richangokura bedzi. Vazhinji vari kudana zvino nokuda kwamasimba makuru zvikuru ezvemari, kubatanidza mano okuchengeta mutero wemotokari womunzvimbomo kana kuti kuchengeta goverano yemari inotengwa nokuda kwevezvemanyuko ezvemari. Kana akapiwa, aya masimba angagona kukurumidzisa chinjo yacho kunyange kutowedzera.

Mameya eUK ari kubvumikisa kuti utungamiriri hwakasimba, hwakanangidzirwa hunogona kukurira nhevedzano yemipimo mikuru. Kupfurikidza nemubatanidzwa wemitemo, shavo, mubatanidzwa, uye kunyengetedza, vari kuchinja ngarava dzemaguta, kufutunura mibatanidzwa yemagetsi, uye kuratidzira kuti motokari dzemagetsi hadzisi chinodikanwa bedzi chemhoteredzo asi mukana wezviri nani, zvine utano. Muenzaniso wavo unopa gadziriro yenharaunda dzomumaguta munyika yose, uchiratidza kuti nechido chakasimba chezvamatongerwe enyika, nguva yemberi yokushandisa kwegore riri pedyo.