Hurumende yemunzvimbomo inobata anenge mativi ose oupenyu hwezuva nezuva, kubva pamugariro wemigwagwa yaunotyaira uchienda kunzvimbo yakakotsekana yemvura yaunonwa, kunaka kwezvikoro vana vako vanopinda, uye kukurumidza uko vapinduri vekurumidziro vanosvika apo unoridza 911. Pasinei zvapo nekuva pedyo kwayo netapuro, basa ramanisi, mataundi makuru, mataundi, uye maruwa chaiwo kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji zvinoramba zvisingaoneki kuvanhu vavanobatira. Nyaya ino inodzorera tendekete pamaitirwo ezvinhu, kugovera mienzaniso yakajeka yehurumende yomunzvimbomo yomunzvimbomo. Kupfurikidza nokunzwisisa iyi mibato navanhu shure kwavo, unogona kuva vazivisitiri zvikuru navagari vakapiwa chibvumirano.

Hurumende Yomunzvimbomo Chii?

Hurumende yemo ndiyo nhamba yehurumende inotonga vanhu iri pedyo zvikuru. Inobatanidza masangano akasarudzwa uye akagadzwa anodzora nzvimbo chaiyo yenzvimbo nerokugara. Nhamba inopesana neguta, taundi, nyika, kana kuti ruwa chairwo. MuUnited States moga, mune masangano ehurumende anopfuura 90 000, maererano neU.S. Censunt Bureaunt Bureaution. Masangano aya anowana chiremera chawo kubva kumitemo yenyika nemiraumbiso, uye anoshanda pamwero yakasiyana - siyana yeIFMFRAC, zvichitsamira pamutemo wehurumende.

Chivako chehurumende yomunzvimbomo chinogona kusiana zvikuru. Mamwe maguta anoshanda mugadziriro yakasimba yemacayo , umo meya anobatira semukuru mukuru webasa ane simba padare reguta. Vamwe vanoshandisa [ council-manager , apo maneja akagadzwa anoshanda zuva nezuva kusvikira kuzuva rimwe chete. Mabhii kazhinji kazhinji ane basa kana kuti dare revakuru vakuru vakuru veguta, uye maruwa chaiwo (zvakadai semapurai ezvikoro, zviremera zvemvura, kana kuti maruwa) anoisa ngwariro panzvimbo imwe yebasa. Pasinei zvapo negadziriro, basa rinokosha rinoramba richiita: mabasa anokosha, zvichiitwa nenzira inowirirana, uye zvinogamuchirwa.

Kunzwisisa iyi misiyano kunokosha nemhaka yokuti inoumba maitirwe ezvisarudzo uye kuti vagari vanogona sei kuzvipesvedzera. Nokuda kwokunzvera zvakadzama zvimiro zvehurumende yemanisiparati, National League of Cities [ inogovera nzvero yakaisvonaka.

Mabasa makuru eHurumende yomunzvimbomo

Kunyange zvazvo mabasa akasiyana - siyana anoitwa nenzanga, hurumende dzakawanda dzinotarisira nzvimbo dzinotevera:

  • Kuchengeteka kwePuble - mapurisa, moto, mabasa ekurumidziro, uye kuchengetwa kwebumbiro remitemo.
  • Tsika[ – K-12 chikoro chavose, makoreji dzenzanga, uye zvirongwa zvapakuvamba zvouhwana (zvinowanzotarisirwa namabhodhi ezvikoro).
  • utano hwechiputu namasangano avanhu [[FLT: 1] - madhipatimendi outano, kiriniki, nhimbe dzenhomba, uye mabasa enzanga nokuda kwavanhu vasina dziviriro.
  • Tsika nechokufambisa [ - migwagwa, mabhiriji, nzira dzomumugwagwa, magetsi emugwagwa, zviratidzo zvemotokari, kufamba kwavanhu, uye mapurogiramu emvura netsvina.
  • [ Kuronga nokuvaka - muraudzo wenyika, mvumo dzokuvaka, kuchengetedzwa kwenhau, uye kurongwa kwakakwana.
  • Mapark nenhandaro – mapaka avose, nzvimbo dzemitambo, nzvimbo dzemitambo, nzvimbo dzenzanga, uye mapurogiramu etsika.
  • [ Mibato yezvemari - kuunganidzwa kwetsvina, kudzokororwazve, kuiswa kwemvura yemhepo, uye kuongororwa kwemvura.
  • [[[FOTI:0] Kuronga nokutarisira[[FOL:1] - kuronga mari, kuunganidza mutero, mari, uye kuchengeta marekodhi.

Basa rimwe nerimwe reizvi rinotsigirwa nemubatanidzwa wemari yomunharaunda (mitero yemari, mitero yokutengesa, mitero, uye mari yezvipo) uye kuchinjwa kwehurumende. Nzira iyo taundi rinoisa nayo mari inoshandiswa inoratidzira mipimo yaro nezvinodikanwa zvavagari varo.

Mienzaniso Yehurumende Yomunzvimbomo Iri Kushanda

Ndaza dzehwaro dzinobetsera, asi mienzaniso chaiyoiyo yenyika inomutsa basa rehurumende yomunzvimbomo. Pasi apa pane nharaunda shanu umo unogona kuona hurumende yomunzvimbomo ichishanda zuva riri rose.

Kutanga Kuita Kuti Vanhu Vasabatwa Nenjodzi

Madhipatimendi emapurisa, nzvimbo dzokudzima moto, uye mabasa okurapa anokurumidzira ndizvo zviso zvinooneka zvikurusa zvehurumende yomunzvimbomo.

Mataundi akawanda akagamuchira Office yeProtoppy policial mifanikiso yeRugare], umo vakuru vakuru vanogoverwa kunharaunda dzakati uye vanokurudzirwa kuvaka ukama navagari vemo. Somuenzaniso, CAPS] Office yeU.S. Department yedare reSangano reSangano yakatsigira zvirongwa zvehurumende munyika yose, ichibetsera kuderedza utsotsi nokuvandudza chivimbo chavose. Mumamwe maguta, madhipatimendi emapurisa anopindira njodzi ayo ane nyanzvi dzezvoutano hwendangariro dzokudavidza kuridza nhau dzoutano dzetsika idzo dzakawana simba senzira yokutsausa nayo vanhu vamwe navamwe kubva mumatongerwerwe emhosva munyika inotonga.

Madhipatimendi omoto haagoveri bedzi kudzivirira moto asiwo dzidzo yokudzima moto, kunzvera mabumbiro emitemo, uye zvishandiso zvine ngozi. Madhipatimendi akawanda omwoto akachinja kumhinduro yose-yamazazars [, kureva kuti akagadzirira chinhu chiri chose kubva pamoto womwoto kusvika kunjodzi dzomusikirwo. Somuenzaniso, guta re Arbor[[FLT]] An An program yezvokufambisa nguva ichangobva kupfuura iyi inotumira vabatsiri kuti vadzorere nguva dzose shanyo dzedariro dzinotevera , dzinoderedza shanyo dzenzvimbo yekurumidziro dzenjodzi dzenguva yapamberi.

Iyi mienzaniso inoratidza kuti chengeteko yavose haisati ichangovazve yekuitawo zvayo, inoshanda pamwe chete, uye inoshandiswa namashoko. Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinoramba dzichiyera kusvika kwadzo kupfurikidza nemipimo yebasa, nzvero dzenzanga, uye miitiro yakanakisisa yorudzi zvinogoveranwa namasangano se Internationalpoted City/Conference Management Association [ICMA].

2. Dzidzo Nematare Echikoro

Dzidzo yavose ndiyo ndyiko hurusa nokuda kwehurumende zhinjisa dzomunzvimbomo, uye inowanzodzorwa nedare rechikoro rakasarurwa. Mabhodhi aya anogadza muitiro, anobvumira bhajeti, anopinza vatarisiri, uye anosarudza mipimo yedzidzo mukati menhungamiro dzehurumende. Zvisarudzo zvinoitwa pateshi yechikoro zvinoumba zvinoitika zvedzidzo zvamamirioni avana.

Rangarira muenzaniso we Zvikoro zvapachena zvomunzvimbomo, izvo muna 2021 zvakagamuchira zvikoro zvitsva zvechikoro chapamusoro zvinosimbisa kupedzwa kwechinetso chaichoicho chenyika nokugadzirira basa. Nhanho yacho yakanga iri muuyo wemwedzi yemisangano yavose, mubato womudzidzisi, uye batira pamwe navashandirwi vomunzvimbomo. Nenzira yakafanana, Fairfax County School Board [ muVirginia yashandisa zvikuru mapurogiramu okurava nokuwedzera kurava nokuwedzera mabanza okudzidza zhezha. Izvi zvinosundwa namaidi omudzidzi pamibato omunzvimbomo pamusoro pokuita nokupa tsinhira.

Madare echikoro anorwisanawo nenhau dzakaoma dzakadai semari inotsigirwa yechikoro, chengeteko, mabasa outano hwendangariro, uye ruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu. Dakata reCOVID-19 rakasimbisa basa rinokosha ramakambani ezvikoro omuno anoita zvisarudzo zvokukurumidza pamusoro pedzidzo iri kure, murairo wemabhakitiriya, uye magirabhu. Munzanga dzakawanda, misangano yemabhodhi ezvikoro yakava nzvimbo yezvibvumirano zvevoruzhinji (82,7 nehasha, asi nguva dzose inokosha.

Kana uchida kunzwisisa kuti dare rechikoro rako rinoshanda sei, pinda musangano kana kuti shanyira website yoruwa. Mabhodhi mazhinji anoisa mashoko nemaminitsi paIndaneti, uye akawanda anogara aripo marusando awo. Nokuda kwemaonere enyika paboka rechikoro rinodzora, National Boards School Association inogovera zvinhu neadvocy.

3. Masangano Outano Hwevanhu Vose

Madhipatimendi outano omunzvimbomo ndiwo anotangira utano hwevanhu. Anoongorora hosha, anofambisa makiriniki, anopa mishonga yokudzivirira, maresitorendi, uye anotarisira zvirongwa zvedzidzo. Mukati medenda reCOVID-19, aya mapato akava mazita emhuri sezvo akakwanisa kunzvera nzvimbo, kuparadzira nhomba, uye kurukurirano yavose.

Muenzaniso mukuru ndi Pima County Health Department muArizona, iyo yakabatira pamwe namasangano enzanga kugadza mapoka enhomba dzinofamba - famba munharaunda dziri pasi pedzinochengetwa. Nhamburiko yakatsamira pamashoko kuzivisa nzvimbo nemwero yenhomba yakaderera, ipapo yakaendeswa mavhani kumachechi, nzvimbo dzenzanga, uye nzvimbo dzedzimba dzavose. Mitaro inopfuura 100 000 yakashandiswa kupfurikidza nepurogiramu ino, inoderedza zvikuru kubviswa kwemishonga mukuwana mushonga wenhomba.

Panzvimbo pedavidzo yakapararira, madhipatimendi omunzvimbomo outano anotarisira nhau dzisingaperi dzakadai sokufutisa, kupindwa muropa neopioid, uye chengeteko yezvokudya. Vazhinji vanoshandisa vakadzi, Vacheche, uye Vana (Wic) purogiramu dzokugovera tsigiro yezvokudya zvinovaka muviri kumhuri dzinosvika pasi. Dzimwe dzinotsinhirana nezvikoro kupa mabasa outano hwendangariro. Somuenzaniso, King County muWashington inoita basa renzvimbo dzoutano dzakavakirwa pachikoro dzinogovera tarisiro huru, kupa zano routano hwakaderera, uye mabasa ezvemino kuvadzidzi panzvimbo inotambirwa .

Utano hwavanhu vomunzvimbomo muenzaniso mukuru wokushanda kwehurumende seri kwezvinooneka kudzivirira zvinetso zvisati zvatanga. Kupfurikidza nokuisa mari mukutarisira kudzivirira, dzidzo youtano, uye kushandira pamwe kwenzanga, hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinoponesa upenyu uye dzinoderedza ndyiko dzenguva refu dzezvoutano.

4. Kuchengetedza Nokubatsira Munzanga

Hurumende dzemo dzinoronga, kuvaka, uye kuchengeta zvinhu izvi. Kana chivara chazara, chiratidzo chemotokari chinogadziriswa, kana kuti kuputsika kwemvura kwakagadzirirwa, ihurumende yomunzvimbomo inoshanda.

Zvisarudzo zvekuronga zvinhu zvinowanzobatanidza mubatanidzwa mukuru wavose. Mataundi akawanda anoshandisa horo yetown misangano [ kuti ape mabasa aikarakadzwa, kuunganidza mhinduro, uye kupindura mibvunzo. Somuenzaniso, guta re Portland, Oregon[[FLT]] akaita nhevedzano yedzimba dzakazaruka kuti vakurukure mugwagwa mukuru unowedzera mitsetse yakadzivirirwa nemabhasikoro, kuvandudza mikoto, uye kuderedza kumhanya kwemotokari. Vagari vaigona kuona kushandura, kutaura kumainjiniya, uye kutaura. Chirongwa chokupedzisira chakabatanidzwa muzvikarakadzo zvakawanda, zvichitungamirira kunzira yakakotsekana uye yakakwirira.

Chimwe chishandiso chine simba igadziriro yekuvandudza ( yeCP), rudungwe rwemakore akawanda rwezvirongwa zvikuru zvezvirongwa zvemarongerwo. Hurumende dzomunharaunda dzinobudisa maCIP adzo paIP uye kazhinji kazhinji dzinokumbira tsinhiro dzavose pamberi pokurerwa. Antonio, Texas[[FLT]], CIP inobatanidza bhegi rakazvitsaurira rokugadziridza nzira nerowaitsva, inosundwa neboka ramabasa avagari vemo rinoratidzira nzvimbo yokutanga.

Mabhuku anonyorwawo kuti mutyairi mukuru wezvemari. Migwagwa inosanonangidzirwa nazvinopatesi zvinokwezva mabhizimisi nezvinovimbwa kuti zviverevedza zvinhu. American Road & Transportaters Association inotsinhira kuti mabhiriyoni $1 (Z $57 000) ari ose akapinzwa mumichina inotsigira mabasa amo. Mitemo yehurumende yomunharaunda inoresa, kunyange pamwero muduku, inoparira basa romunzvimbomo uye inonyandura upfumi.

5. Kuronga, Kugadzira, uye Nyika Kunoshandisa Kufutunuka

Hurumende dzemo dzinoshandisa zvirongwa zvakawanda, mitemo yokuronga kuronga, uye mitemo yokuronga kuti zvizogona kuvakwa kupi, kuti kufambira mberi kukuru zvakadini, uye kuti nharaunda ichatarisika sei munguva yemberi.

Muenzaniso wakajeka unobva Boulder, Colorado, iyo yave ichishandiswa kwenguva refu kuchengetedza nzvimbo yakazaruka nokuganhurira. Mutemo wegirini rinodzorwa rinoganhurira kukura kwemapaka namakwara. Muitiro uyu wakaparira kunaka kwakakwirira kwoupenyu hweBoulder nepfuma yakasimba, kunyange zvazvo uchidzosawo kuisa nzvimbo dzokugara pamativi eguta, kukuvakwa kwenzvimbo dzinotarisana nenzanga dzakawanda.

Maplati okugadzira zvinhu namabasa okuronga ndezvipi uko vagari vemo vanogona kuva netapuro yakananga. Ava vakagadzwa kana kuti vakasarudzwa vamapoka vanohwirudzura zvikarakadzo zvezvikamu zvitsva, zvinoitika zvokutengeserana, uye chinjo kuzvivako zviripo. Mu Chapel Hill, North Carolina[[FL:1], dare rokuronga rakataura chikarakadzo chenguva ichangobva kupfuura iyi nokuda kwekubudirira kwakavhengana kwenzvimbo inotakura vanhu. Vavakidzani vakazivisa pamusoro pezvirongwa zvemotokari neurefuki, apo mabhizimisi omunzvimbomo akaitirana nharo pamusoro pedzimba dzakawanda kuti atsigire vashandi. Board pakupedzisira yakabvumira makambani edzimba anoripira nebhaziro.

Zvisarudzo zvepanyika zvinobatirawo pamwe nevavariro dzemhoteredzo. Hurumende zhinji dzomunzvimbomo zvino kubatanidza migwagwa yakakwana , ichida kuti migwagwa mitsva igadzire vafambi, vanofamba nebhasikoro, uye vanoshandisa vafambi. Dzimwe dzinogamuchira mirayiridzo yokuvaka yapaburwa nevhuro inoita kuti simba rishande nokutarisirwa kwemvura nemadutututu. American Pulanicant Association inogovera zvitengwa zvokubetsera nzanga kuronda budiriro inotsigirwa pakuchengeta maruramiro enzvimbo.

Kubatana neHurumende Yomunzvimbomo

Hurumende yemo inoshanda zvakanakisisa apo vagari vanobatanidzwa zvikuru. Kubatanidzwa kunopfuura kuvhota musarudzo dzemanisiparati (idzo dzinowanzova nechepfu). Hedzino nzira dzakawanda dzokutora rutivi ndokuita kuti inzwi rako rinzwike:

  • Misangano yavose yapamberi – dare reGuta, dare rechikoro, korosa yokuronga, uye mamwe mabhodhi anoita misangano yavose yenguva dzose. Vazhinji zvino vanopa zvisarudzo zvezvinenge zvinenge zvichipinda. Cherechedza zvikamu pachine nguva mberi uye gadzirira kutaura mukati menhambo dzetsinhiro dzavose.
  • Kubatira paboka kana kuti dare - Manisiparati mazhinjisa ane mitumbi yevagari vemo yenzvimbo dzepaki, kuronga, kuchengeteka kwenhau, ukama hwavanhu, uye zvakawanda. Zvibvumirano zvinowanzoziviswa nokuzarurirwa vagari vose. Inzira yakananga yokupesvedzera nayo muitiro.
  • Volunter yezvirongwa zvenzanga - hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinovimba navazvipiri nokuda kwokuchenesa papaki, kusima miti, wachi yenharaunda, uye ngwavaira. Zvirongwa zvokuzvipira zvinovaka dzimbahwe renzanga nezvokuwedzera zviteshi zvavashandi zvakaganhurirwa.
  • Parapatite munzvero nokushandisa mari yewirirano - Mataundi akawanda anoshandisa nzvero dzepaIndaneti kana kuti bhajeti yokushandisa bhajeti yemari kuunganidza rovedzo pakushandisa zvinhu zvinokosha. Somuenzaniso, mu Cambridge, Massachusetts, vagari vemo vakavhota pamusoro penzira kugovera nayo mamirioni Z $2 nokuda kwezvirongwa zvomunharaunda, kubva pamiti kuenda kuunyanzvi.
  • Kurukurirana navakuru vakuru vako vakasarudzwa – Imail inosanyorwa kana kuti runhare kumutezo wedare kana kuti mumiriri weruwa anogona kumutsa kuziva nhau. Vakuru vakuru vavanhu vanokarirwa kuteerera zvikamu, uye mashoko mashomanene anofunga anogona kuchinja zvokutanga.
  • Ramba uchiziva kupfurikidza nezvinobudisa nhau zvomunzvimbomo - Verenga pepanhau romunzvimbomo, tarira mikoto yehurumende, uye tevera nhau dzemasangano enzanga. Hurumende zhinji dzomunzvimbomo zvino dzinogovera mapepa eemail ane michina yezvirongwa nezvinoitika.

Kuvimbisana kunogona kutyisa, asi haufaniri kukurumidza kuva nyanzvi, kutanga nenyaya imwe chete ine chokuita newe, inokuita kuti ugare zvakanaka mumugwagwa, kana kuti ude mari yokushandisa pachikoro, uye tevedzera purogiramu yomunzvimbomo.

mhedziso

Hurumende yomunzvimbomo haisati iri boka ravatongi vakasarudzwa, vashandi vebasa, uye vagari vemo vanovimbisa kuita kuti nzanga yako irambe ichipfuurira. Kubva mukuvimbisa kuti vapinduri vekurumidziro vakagadzirira panguva imwe chete kusarudza kuti paki itsva inofanira kuenda kupi, chiito chiri chose chinoratidza kurongeka kwokuronga, kurangarira, uye kuuraya. Mienzaniso iri munyaya ino ye(*) chengeteko yavose, dzidzo, utano hwavanhu vose, nzvimbo, uye nyika inoshandisa (8) upamhiko noukuru hwezvinoitwa nehurumende yomunzvimbomo.

Kunzwisisa aya mabasa inhano yokutanga kuva mutori rutivi anoshingaira munzanga yenyu. Paunoziva kuti taundi rako rinoita sei zvinhu, unogona kutsigira nenzira inobudirira zvikuru, kugovera nenzira ine revo zvikuru, uye betsero kuumba nzvimbo yaunodana kuti kumusha. Hurumende yomunzvimbomo haisati iri basa romumwe munhu (hwuri mutoro unogoveranwa uye mukana wakagoveranwa. Iva anobatanidzwa, gara uchida kuziva, uye tarira taundi rako richibudirira.