Chipikirwa chapurezidhendi chinoreva chinhu chenheyo chehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu yeAmerica, chinoratidzira kuchinjwa kune rugare kwesimba uye kuzvipira kwapurezidhendi kutsigira Bumbiro reMitemo. Sezvo George Washington akatanga kunyora mhiko muna 1789, mashoko ayo akasachinja, kutsiga kwezvitsigiso zvesimba muhurumende inochinja. Asi sezvo nyika dzezvamatongerwe enyika dzinochinja nokudzikamisa pfungwa, kuchinja kwetsika dzechinyakare, uye kuchinja kwetsika dzechikaro kunobva pakuchinja kwadzinoita kuti dziite zvaidiwa nevakuru vakuru vakuru vezana. Chipikiso ichi chinogona kupfupikisana zvikuru nezvipingamupingamupinyi zvezana rezana ramakore idzva. Chipikiso chingagona kuva chekutsiva zvikuru zvinhu zvazvinonyanya kuzvidavirira kana kuti kuzvidavirira kwemirirwa kwemitezo yemitezo yapachena? Chinjo ipi ingada kubviswa mumutemo wemitemo pamusoro penyika, kana kuti izivikanwe kuti ishandurwei?

Mavambo Enhau uye Mashoko Asingachinji

Mhiko youpurezidhendi yakarongwa muChikamu II, Chikamu 1, Claus 8 cheBumbiro reMitemo reU.S.

" ndinopika zvakakomba (kana kuti simbisa) kuti ndichashandisa nokutendeka Hofisi yaPurezidhendi weUnited States, uye ndichaita zvakanakisisa zvamano angu, chengeta, dzivirira nokudzivirira Bumbiro remitemo reUnited States."

Mutauro uyu hauna kuchinjwa chifo chenhambo Yokuvamba. Vagadziri vakachengeta mhiko noune yakapfava, vachinangidzira ngwariro pakuvimbika kuBumbiro remitemo panzvimbo pomunhu upi noupi, mubato, kana kuti pfungwa. George Washington akawedzera mashoko okuti "Naizvozvo ndibetserei Mwari" pashure pokudzokorora mhiko, gamuchidzanwa rakateverwa naanenge purezidhendi ari wose chifo, kunyange zvazvo risati richidikanwa nenzira yemitemo. Chikamu chemitemo chechisarudzo (kana kuti chitsigire") chakabatanidzwa kugadzikisa varambi vechitendero vakanga vasingadi kupika.

Chigadzikiso cheWashington uye Kunyorwa kweBumbiro reMitemo

Washington paakaita mhiko pana April 30, 1789, pavharanda reFederal Hall muNew York City, akaisa ruoko rwake paBhaibheri ndokudzokorora mashoko akataurwa naChancellar Robert Livingston. Chiono chacho chakaumba tsika ine simba yokuona yazova isingachinji kubva kuutungamiriri. Zvisinei, Bumbiro remitemo haripi murairo kuraira Bhaibheri, mashoko okuti "Itai henyu Mwari," kana kuti nzvimbo ipi neipi. Mumazana amakore, chinodikanwa chapamutemo chakaramba chakatsiga: Purezidhendi anofanira kupika kana kuti kusimbisa kudzivirira Bumbiro remitemo. Iyi donzo guru ndero.

Convention yeConstitution yakakakavadzana kana kubatanidza chinodikanwa chemhiko. Dzimwe nhume dzakataura kuti mhiko dzakanga dzisina revo nokuda kwavarume vasina kutendeseka, nepo vamwe vakaomerera kuti vaisimbisa kuzvidavirira kwavose. Pakupedzisira, vagadziri vakabvuma pamashoko mapfupi, chaiwo. Congregational Research Service inotsinhira kuti mhiko "ndiyo mhiko bedzi muBumbiro reMitemo rine mashoko akanyatsorongwa. Uku kutaura kwakananga kunoisa pachena ukoshi hwaro hwenheyo. Kunzvera kwakadzama rugwaro rwemitemo nedudziro yarwo, Bumbiro reMitemo rinonzi Constitution Antooted Reclation inogovera kunzvera kwakafara [[FLT:] Article II, Chikamu 1, [FLD] 8].

Rugwaro runoti "Ndibetserei Mwari": Ngano, Chokwadi, uye Zvinetso Zvapamutemo

Wedzero ye "Naizvozvo ndibetserei Mwari" yava muitiro wenhau wavose, asi purofesa wayo wenhau inokwikwidzwa. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinotaura kuti Washington sezvingabvira yakataura, nepo vamwe vachikwidza ufakazi hwokutanga hunovimbwa hunobva kuna Chester A. Kutsaurirwa kwaArthur muna 1881. Pasinei zvapo nemavambo, mashoko acho ava etsika. Mapurezidhendi anosarudza anoisa ruoko paBhaibheri uye anowedzera coda yechitendero, kunyange zvazvo Bumbiro remitemo risingadi zvimwe. Kushaikwa kworudzidziso nokuda kwebasa (Article VI, Claus 3) kunoreva kuti hapana purezidhendi anogona kugombedzerwa kushandisa Bhaibheri kana kuti "Iyako kundibetsera Mwari."

Mumakumi amakore achangobva kupfuura aya, mapoka ezvorudzidziso akadenha muitiro sechinoputsa Chigadziko chaClaus. Muna 2009, dare rakabvunzurudza nokupfupikisa kutarisirwa kwemhiko kuna Baback Obama pashure pokugumbuka kweshoko. Sututi yacho yakarambwa, asi yakasimbisa kuti mhiko inoramba sei iri nzvimbo inoyera yekurukurirano huru pamusoro porudzidziso nehurumende. Nepo Dare Rapamusoro-soro harina kutongotonga zvakananga pamusoro pemabumbiro emitemo e "Naizvozvo ndibetserei Mwari" mumhiko yapurezidhendi mukuru mukuru wehurumende, matare akaderera kazhinji kazhinji akarevedzerwa kutsika dzenhau. Chirevo chinogamuchirwa zvikuru, asi nguva yemberi charo charonge chiripo kana purezidhendi womunguva yemberi achisarudza kuishata. Pew Center Center yakatsvaka pachena murangariro panzvimbo yorudzidziso, kuti isati inotsigira [FF] zvikuru] mumicromeod dare rechitendero.[1]

Dzvinyiriro Dzokuchinja Mumamiriro Ezvinhu Ezvamatongerwe Enyika Azvino Uno

Sezvo nzvimbo yezvamatongerwe enyika inowedzera kuva yakakamukana zvikuru uye kuraira kwevoruzhinji kuzvidavirira panhau dzinovambira pakuchinja mugariro wokunze kusvikira kuzvinhu zvakavanzika zvemipimo, mamwe manzwi anotaura kuti mhiko yapurezidhendi inofanira kugadziridzwa kuti iratidzire mipimo yapanguva ino. Mipimo inovambira pawedzero duku dzokufananidzira kusvikira kumashoko akakura zvikuru ayo aizoisa purezidhendi kunharidzano chaidzo dzemitemo. Nepo pasina kugadziriswa kwetsika kwakagadzwa kwakatanga mumakore achangobva kupfuura aya, gakava racho rinoratidzira kusawirirana kukuru pamusoro pebasa raPesciens munyika inochinja nokukurumidza.

Kuchengetedza Tsika Dzamazuva Ano: Ruramisiro Yenzanga, Mamiriro Okunze, uye Kodzero Dzemadhigita

Chimwe chikarakadzo chinoramba chichidzokororwa ndechokuwedzera mutauro unobvuma zvakajeka mutoro wapurezidhendi kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera. Somuenzaniso, mhiko yakachinjwa ingagona kubatanidza chipikirwa ku "dziviridza mhoteredzo nokuda kwezvizvarwa zvomunguva yemberi" kana kuti "kuva namaruramiro akaenzana avagari vose pasinei zvapo nedzinza, vatano, kana kuti vatano. Uku kuwedzera kwaizoratidzira musengwa mukuru kupfuura rugwaro rwapakuvamba rwebumbiro remitemo. Vamwe vatsigiri vakakarakadza kuti mhiko yacho inofanira kubatanidza chipikirwa chokuremekedza kuvandikano yoruzivo rwemichina nerusununguko rwevagari vemo muzera rokungwarira.

Vashori vechinjo dzakadaro vanotaura kuti mhiko iripo inotobatanidza mabasa ose ebumbiro remitemo. Musengwa wapurezidhendi ku "chengetedza, kudzivirira nokudzivirira Bumbiro remitemo" chose chose unoda kunamatira kugadziridzo dzose, kubatanidza Encincimete Protection Claus nedziviriro dzakafanira. Kuwedzera nhau chaidzo kungagona kudzosa mhiko, kuiita nzvimbo inorwisana nokuda kwezvokuisa pakutanga kwehurumende imwe neimwe. Uyezve, kana mhiko yaibatanidza mhiko ku "chinjo yenzvimbo chamagariro," chii chaizoreva izvozvo mumashoko epamutemo? Ko purezidhendi angakundikana kusvitsa mhiko iyoyo? Kujeka kwomutauro wakadaro kugona kutungamirira kukuva inopfuudzira kusingagumi.

Kunyange zvakadaro, muna 2013, Purezidhendi Barack Obama akashandisa Bhaibheri raMartin Luther King Jr., chiratidzo kukodzero dzevanhu pasina kuchinja mashoko. Nenzira yakafanana, Purezidhendi Joe Biden akaisa ruoko rwake paBhaibheri remhuri ine muchinjikwa weCelt, kupfuudza kunhaka yake. Chibvumirano chakajeka zvikuru chemashoko chinganzwika nevoruzhinji avo vanotarisira kuti vatungamiriri vabvume njodzi dzenzanga nedzemhoteredzo. Brennan Center for Justicet yakaongorora kuti zvinoreva sei chirevo chemhemhe yakaita kuti chishanduke kupfurikidza ne

Nharo Pamusoro Pomutauro Wenyika Nokupesana Kworudzidziso

Chinetesi chakafanana asi chakajeka ibasa rokuita mhiko yenyika yakazara. Sezvo vagari veAmerica vanova vorudzidziso rushoma, vamwe vanotaura kuti "Iyandibetsera Mwari" gamuchidzanwa rinofanira kuderedzwa kuremekedza vasingatendi. Vamwe vanotaura kuti chisarudzo chokusimbisa chinotogovera chimwe chenyika. Zvisinei, muitiro wechiratidzo chemaoko paBhaibheri na"Mwari" mutsetse unoderedza usingatendi kuvapo kwaMwari navanhu. Muna 2017, Mutungamiriri wehurumende Donald Trump akashandisa maBhaibheri maviri, rimwe rawo rakanga riri raAbrahama Lincoln, rinosimbisa chifananidzo chorudzidziso. Purezidhendi wapambe wapamberipo angasarudza kubvisa chose chose Bhaibheri kana kuti kushandisa rugwaro rwakasiana, rwakadai seGwarati yemitemo imene, kuratidzira.

Zvinetso zvapamutemo kuzvitendero zvakakundikana zvikuru, asi murangariro wavanhu waigona kuchinja. Kana mutungamiriri wehurumende mukuru akazivisa pachena kuti vaisazoti "Naizvozvo ndibetserei Mwari" uye panzvimbo pezvo kugona kusimbisa pasina nongedzero yorudzidziso, ingagona kutanga kurukurirano yorudzi. United States haina rudzidziso rwapamutemo, uye Bumbiro remitemo rinorambidza miedzo yorudzidziso nokuda kwenzvimbo. Nokufamba kwenguva, mhiko yacho ingava isingachinjiri kupfurikidza nechisarudzo chapurezidhendi mumwe nomumwe, kunyange pasina kuwirirana kwapamutemo.

Kuenzanisa Mutambo WaPurezidhendi Nemimwe Minamato

Mhiko yapurezidhendi yakasiyana mumutemo wayo webumbiro remitemo, asi dzimwe mhiko dzehurumende dzinopa nzwisiso pamusoro penzira iyo mutauro unogona kushanduka nayo. Mhiko youtevedzeri wapurezidhendi haitsanangurwi muBumbiro remitemo uye panzvimbo pezvo yakagadzwa nomutemo. Chipikiso chapanguva ino choupurezidhendi, chinogamuchirwa muna 1884, chinobatanidza mhiko ku "tsigira nokudzivirira Bumbiro reMitemo reUnited States" asi hachino batira "kudzivirira, dzivirira uye kudzivirira" mutauro weshanduro yapurezidhendi. Mitezo yeCongress inotorawo mhiko yakagadzwa nomutemo, iyo inobatanidza chipikirwa ku "Kutakura kutenda kwechokwadi nokuzvipira" kuBumbiro remitemo. Iyi yakachinjwa kwenguva refu, kazhinji mukuita nezvinoitika zvenhau dzekare, somuenzaniso, pashure peHondo yeHurumende, Congresssionerson nokuda kweyance.

Uku kuchinja kunokarakadza kuti mhiko yapurezidhendi ingagona kuchinjwa kupfurikidza nomutemo kana kuti muitiro wavakuru vakuru, kana kusati kuri kupfurikidza nokugadziridzwa kwebumbiro remitemo. Zvisinei, nemhaka yokuti Bumbiro remitemo rinopa zvakajeka mashoko edivi chairo nokuda kwapurezidhendi, chinjo ipi neipi kukuti mashoko angada kugadziriswa, bhawa rakakwirira. Chipikirwa chapurezidhendi, kuva chibvumirano, chingagona kuva chakagadziridzwa zvikuru. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzemitemo dzakakarakadza kuti mhiko yapurezidhendi inofanira kuva yakafanana, kubvumira kuti Congress itsiane revoration nevhota, asi chinjo yakadaro pachaida kugadziriswa. [[FLT:] zvinyorwa zvemitemo zveChinyorwa cheConstitution [FLT]] zvinojekesa kuti kupika kwechikamu chebumbiro, chitsatatime.

Zvipingamupinyi Zvepamutemo Nezvebumbiro Remitemo Kuchinja Muti

Kuedza kupi nokupi kwokuchinja pamutemo mhiko yapurezidhendi kungatarisana nemhinganidzo dzinotyisa dzepamutemo. Kugadziridzwa kweBumbiro reMitemo kunoda matatu edzimba dzose dziri mbiri dzeCongress nokunatswa nedzitatu dzenyika. Kana kuti, kokorodzano yebumbiro remitemo ingagona kudanwa nezvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvemirayiro yehurumende, mutoo usina kutongoshandiswa. Kurangarira kuchinja kwapanguva ino, kuita bvumirano yakadaro nokuda kwokuchinja mhiko hakubviri munhambo iri pedyo. Kunyange gadziridzo duku dzinogona kuva mativi okujeka, nokunyumwira rumwe norumwe rutivi rwokuedza kunetesa kuvimbika kuBumbiro remitemo.

Basa reDare Repamusorosoro Mukududzira Zvinorehwa Nenyaya yeOath

Nepo Dare Gurusa risati rawanzotaura nezvemhiko yapurezidhendi zvakananga, zvisarudzo zvaro pamusoro pemhiko mumamwe mashoko akapoteredza zvinopa nhungamiro. Mu Bond v. United States [2011], Dare rakasimbisa kuti mhiko dzebasa imhiko dzakakomba dzinobatanidza vakuru vakuru veMitemo yeMitemo. [[FLT] United States v. Ballard[ [194], Dare rakataura nezvechimiro chorudzidziso chemhiko asi harina kutonga zvakananga pamuitiro wapurezidhendi. Nhau dzinonyanya kukosha dzinobatanidza mhiko dzokuvimbika dzinoitwa mukati meHondo yegumo, idzo kazhinji dzakarohwa sedzinoputsa kutaura kwakasununguka kana kuti mutoo wakati uri mumiitiro. Izvi zvinokarakadza mumutauro mutsva munenge waungaongorora.

Basa guru remhiko nderokusimbisa musengwa kumutemo, kwete kutsigira purogiramu yezvamatongerwe enyika yakati. Dare Rapamusorosoro sezvingabvira ringarangarira mhiko iyo inoda purezidhendi kupikira miuyo yakananga yemiitiro sechikanganiso chisina murairo pachisarudzo chapurezidhendi uye masimba eChikamu II. Somuenzaniso, mhiko inovimbisa kubvisa carbon pari pa 50%" inogona kuonekwa seinovavarira kusunga chisarudzo chapurezidhendi munzira iyo Bumbiro remitemo risingafungidziri. Naizvozvo, kunyange kudai mhiko yacho yaizogadziriswa, ingaramba iri yose mumusengwa wayo panzvimbo yemitemo yemitemo panzvimbo yezvamatongerwe enyika.

Kududzira Bazu Kwakananga uye Mhindumupindu yamasanga

Kupfupi kwokuchinja kwamashoko, revo yemhiko inogona kuchinja kupfurikidza nezviito zvapurezidhendi nekariro dzavose. Somuenzaniso, kuputswa kwemhiko yaPurezidhendi Andrew Johnson mukati mokugadziriswa kwakatungamirira kukuita zviitiko zvokusabvumirana. misi ichangobva kupfuura iyi, nharo pamusoro pemirairo yavakuru vakuru nerondedzero yehurumende dzakamutsa mibvunzo pamusoro pokuti purezidhendi anogona ku "ita nenzira yokutendeseka" mitemo nepo achiramba kumanikidza mitemo yakati. Chirango chemhiko "Kutendeka shandisa Hofisi yaProfeti" chinoreva basa rokuita mukutenda kwakanaka uye mukati mese miganhu yomutemo. Nyanzvi dzakakurukura kana ikoku dzakaita basa rokudzivirira kunyange pamurangariro wakakurumbira kana kuti dzvinyiriro.

Nokufamba kwenguva, kunzwisisa kwemhiko yacho kungachinja sezvo mapurezidhendi angaishandisa kuita tsinhiro dzezvematongerwe enyika. Muna 2021, Purezidhendi Biden akasimbisa mhiko muhurukuro yake yokutanga, achiiidza kuti "musengwa unoyera." Kutaura kwakadaro kunosimbisa uremu hwokufananidzira hwemhiko yacho pasina kuchinja mashoko ayo. Nenzira yakafanana, kana purezidhendi womunguva yemberi aizowedzera chipikirwa chomunhu oga . Kwakadai se "ndichadzivirira kodzero yokuvhota" (8) pari kusimbisa mhiko yemitemo, kwaigona kuva muenzaniso usina kurongwa. Nepo izvi zvakawedzerwa zviri pamutemo, izvi zvaigona kushandurazve kariro yemhiko uye, pakupedzisira, mupimo weizvo mhiko inomirira.

Kuedza Kutsigira Utongi Hwose, Utungamiriri, uye Kuvimba Noruzhinji

Nzira iyo mhiko yapurezidhendi inochinja nayo iri mamiriro ezvinhu nejenaguru (* kana kuti majangarati anoramba akabatana). Mhiko yacho ndeimwe yenguva shomanene apo purezidhendi anotaura zvakananga kuBumbiro remitemo navanhu, kazhinji kazhinji pamberi pamamirioni avanhu. Inoshanda sechinodikanwa chapamutemo nevimbiso yavose. Kana mhiko yacho yaizova yechinjo huru, ingabetsera kuvhara mukaha unokura wechivimbo pakati pavagari vemo nehurumende yavo. MaAmerica mazhinji anonzwa akaparadzaniswa namasangano ezvamatongerwe enyika; musengwariro unooneka kumipimo yazvino uno unogona kuratidzira kuti Federation inoita kuzvinetso zvazvino uno.

Zvisinei, kuchinja mhiko yacho kunoisawo ngozi kuderera kwayo. Mutauro wakare, usingachinji unobatanidza udzoreri hwehurumende imwe neimwe kumavambo. Kupfuurira ikoko manyuko oururami. Kana mhiko yacho yakashandurwazve chizvarwa chimwe nechimwe, ingava nzvimbo inorwisana, nebato rimwe nerimwe richiedza kuisa zvinokosha zvaro mumashoko eBumbiro remitemo. Chivimbo chavose chingashatisa zvikuru kudai mhiko yacho yairangarirwa sechishandiso chezvamatongerwe enyika panzvimbo pebasa dzvene. Kudzikamisa izvi kunoda kurangarira kwokufunga nezvezvinoreva: kuzvipira kwomunhu oga kumutemo.

Polys dzinoratidzira kuti voruzhinji veAmerica vanorangarira mhiko yapurezidhendi kuva inokosha, asi vashomanene vane mirangariro yakasimba pamashoko ayo chaiwo. Mukuwirirana nenzvero ya2021 Pew, inenge 60% yeAmerica inotaura kuti i "inokosha zvikuru" kuti purezidhendi arangarire tsidzo yacho zvakakomba. Zvisinei, mibvunzo ine udzame pamusoro pechinjo dzinobvira hadzina kubvunzwa zvikuru. Uku kushaikwa kwebvumirano yapachena kunokarakadza kuti mhiko yacho haisati iri nhau inotambudza nokuda kwavagari vazhinjisa, ichisiya suo rakazaruka nokuda kwechinjo dzakatanhamara kana kuti magamuchidzanwa ayo anoparira kupfurikidza nezvisarudzo zvapurezidhendi.

Kuenzanisa Kwamarudzi Ose: Vatungamiriri Vehurumende Kupota Nyika

Kunzvera kuti dzimwe nyika dzinobata sei mhiko dzakatanhamara kunogovera murangariro unobetsera. MuUnited Kingdom, mhiko yokugadzwa kwamambo inobatanidza zvipikirwa zvokutonga mukuwirirana nomutemo ndokuchengeta rudzidziso rwePurotesitendi. Mutungamiriri wehurumende haapiki mhiko chaidzo. MuCanada, gavhuna mukuru anopika kuti "nokutendeseka uye kusasarura" apara hofisi, nepo gurukota gurukota achipika mhiko yoruvimbiko. Purezidhendi weFrance anopika ku "remekedza nokuvimbisa kuremekedza Bumbiro remitemo" pamwe chete ne" kuzvimirira kworudzi nokutendeseka kwenyika yarwo. Zvinofadza kuti muna 2020, purezidhendi weChile, Sebatián Pinera, akawedzera ruvimbiko rwechiviko mukati mokuchengeta mhoteredzo yake, kunyange izvi zvakanga zvisina kutemwaratisiano womutemo.

Nyika dzinoverengeka dzine mhiko idzo dzinonongedzera zvakajeka itiro hanya dzazvino uno. Mhiko yapurezidhendi weIreland inobatanidza chipikirwa che "kutsigira Bumbiro reMitemo reIreland nokutsigira mitemo yayo" asi ku "dzorera mano angu kubasa negarikano yavanhu veIreland." Mhiko dzamambo weSweden (zvino zvikurukuru yetsika) inobatanidza kuzvipira kutsigira bumbiro remitemo ne "kutonga mutsinhirano nemitemo." Hapana neiyi mhiko dzakadzivisa zvinetso zvamatongerwe enyika, asi dzinoratidzira zvinhu zvenhau netsika zvakatanhamara zvorudzi rumwe norumwe. United States, nemhiko yarwo pfupi yakatanhamara nedzakatanhamara, inomira nokuda kwomugariro wayo wetsika. Uku kupfavara. Kureruka kungava simba, kubvumira vazukuru kurava kurava kurava zvavanozvireva.

Kana United States ikagamuchira mhiko huru zvikuru, yaizokumbanira boka duku ramarudzi rinoshandisa tsauriro kuzviratidzo zvemipimo yapanguva imwe cheteyo.

Mugumisiro: Kudzikamisa Tsika Nemhindumupindu

Nguva yemberi yemhiko youpurezidhendi iri musati mumashoko anoshamisa asi mukutambanudzanya pakati porugwaro rwakatsiga nekariro dzavose. Mutauro weBumbiro reMitemo haungatongochinji munguva yemberi inofanotaurwa; kugadziriswa kwetsika ndekwakanyanyooma zvikuru uye kubvumirana kwezvamatongerwe enyika. Zvisinei, revo yemhiko yacho inoshanda ichapfuurira kuumbwa nenzira iyo purezidhendi mumwe nomumwe anosarudza nayo, mibato yaanoshandisa, simbiso yavanoisa pamashoko ake, uye kutsanangurwa kwavose kwokuvimbika kwavo kwairi. Munhambo yokuwedzera nyika nokuzvidavirira, mhiko yacho inoramba iri chiratidzo chine simba asi chakachinjika. Inogona kuraira nokuda kweruramisiro yenzanga, mamiriro ezvinhu enyika, uye kupfurikidza nokuisa mufambiro, pasina kuisa pamutemo kwamazana maviri enguva dzose.

Pakupedzisira, mhiko yapurezidhendi inotsungirira nemhaka yokuti yakananga zvakakwana kusungira mukuru mukuru kumutemo, bva inozivikanwa navose zvakakwana kubvumira chizvarwa chimwe nechimwe kuwana revo yacho chimene. kudzikama ikoko kuchabatira rudzi rwacho pamwe chete nenzvimbo yezvamatongerwe enyika inopfuurira kuvapo, ichivimbisa kuti mhiko yacho inoramba iri mavambo anobatanidza uye akakomba esimba roupurezidhendi.