Kunzwisisa mutoo wechisarudzo kunokosha nokuda kwomugari woga woga, asi vanhu vazhinji vanowana mibatanidzwa yesarudzo yomunzvimbomo, hurumende, uye hurumende ichikangaidza. Mwero mumwe nomumwe unodzora mativi akasiana - siana oupenyu hwezuva nezuva, kubvira paukoshi hwechikoro chomwana wenyu kusvikira kukotsekano yezvokudya zvaunotenga. Iyi nhungamiro inotsanangura marudzi akasiyana- siyana ezvisarudzo, kuti vanoshanda sei, uye chikonzero nei nhau dzako dzokuvhota pamwero uri wose. Pamugumo, uchava nemepu yakajeka yemugwagwa yokutora rutivi musarudzo iri yose inotapura nzanga yako nenyika yako.

Marudzi Ezvisarudzo: Gadziriro Yakatsikirirwa

Sarudzo muUnited States dzinoiswa mumapoka makuru matatu: omunzvimbomo, hurumende, uye hurumende. Rudzi rumwe norumwe runotevera marudungwe arwo rumene, mitemo, uye minda inosarudzwa. Pamwe chete dzinoumba gadziriro inoparadzira simba pakati pamasivitanisi, hurumende, uye hurumende yenyika. Kunzwisisa iyi mwero kunokubetsera kunangidzira ngwariro yako pamadzinza napamipimo inopesvedzera zvakananga nhau dzaunoitira hanya zvikurusa.

Zvisarudzo Zvomunzvimbomo

Sarudzo dzomunzvimbomo dzinoitwa kusarudza vakuru vakuru nokuda kwamadare eguta, madare ezvikoro, masangano eruwa, uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzemasipala. Idzi sarudzo dzinowanzoitika mumakore ane nhamba dzakasiyana, akaparadzana nenhambo dzehurumende, uye dzinogona kukwezva muvhoti wakaderera. Bva mahofisi omunzvimbomo anoita zvisarudzo zvine chokuita noupenyu hwako zuva riri rose: mitero yezvinhu, mitemo yokuronga, mapaki avose, kuunganidzwa kwetsvina, uye zvirongwa zvedzidzo zvinodzidziswa muzvikoro zvavose.

Key yenzvimbo muzvisarudzo zvomunzvimbomo inobatanidza:

  • Mayaker neMitezo yeGuta reDare – gadza mari yemanisiparati, bvumira mabasa okuvandudza, uye bhadharo mamaneja eguta.
  • Mitezo yeBoard - inosarudza mipimo yedzidzo, inogovera mari yechikoro, uye mutarisiri anoripira.
  • Commissional - - kutarisira mabasa eruwa akadai seraibhurari, migwagwa, uye madhipatimendi outano.
  • Vatongi naMakurukota [[FLT: 1] - anogombedzerwa mitemo, anotungamirira matare omunzvimbomo, uye anoumba gadziriro yeruramisiro youtsotsi.
  • Nhano dzapachako nehesterendimus - bvumira vavhoti kusarudza zvakananga muitiro panhau dzakadai sewedzero dzemari shomanene, kunyoreswa pamutemo kwembanje, kana kuti mari yezvifambiso zvavose.

Nemhaka yokuti madzinza omunzvimbomo kazhinji kazhinji anoshaiwa ngwariro inoparirwa kumakwikwi enhau enyika kana kuti enyika, vavhoti vanofanira kuita nhamburiko yomuraudzo kuvanzveri. Misangano yeguta, nzvimbo dzokubudisa nhau dzomunzvimbomo, uye vatungamiriri vasingaparati (zvakadai seizvo zvinobva [[FLT: 0]] Gomo reVakadzi [[FLT: 1]]) ipfuma dzakaisvonaka.

Kusarudzwa kweHurumende

Sarudzo dzehurumende dzinosarudza utungamiriri nenhungamiro yehurumende yako. Izvozvi zvinobatanidza makwikwi ehurumende emitemo, uye mamwe mahofisi enyika yose. Hurumende dzine simba guru pamusoro pedzidzo, zvokufambisa, kurapa (kubatanidza Mdhicaid), uye mutemo woutsotsi. Sarudzo yeHurumende inogona kuitwa mumakore ane nhamba yakatokura (kazhinji kazhinji inobatanidza nesarudzo yehurumende) kana kuti mumakore akasiana, zvichitsamira pahurumende.

hofisi dzinokosha musarudzo dzehurumende:

  • Gavhuna weGovernor na Lieutenant [[FT: 1] - kutungamirira bazu rinotungamirira, kusaina mabhiri mumutemo, uye kuraira National Guard.
  • Chikamu cheState Senators naVamiriri - shamisei bhajeti dzehurumende, nyora mitemo pamusoro pechinhu chiri chose kuvambira pakubvisa pamuviri kusvikira kunzvimbo dzokugara, uye tarisira masangano ehurumende.
  • Vatungamiriri veruwa - Attorney General (mukuru mukuru anotarisira pamutemo), Munyori weHurumende (anoona sarudzo nebumbiro rebhizimisi), uye State Treasurer (mari yehurumende).
  • State Supreme Court Rurations[[FLT: 1] - - kududzira mabumbiro emitemo ehurumende ndokunzwa zvikumbiro panhau dzinodenha, kubatanidza maruramiro okuvhota neruramisiro youtsotsi.
  • Nhano dzezvirongwa namahesvoro – vagari vemo vanogona kukarakadza mitemo zvakananga (zvikurukuru, kuisa 13 kweCalifornia pamitero yezvinhu) kana kuti kubvumira kugadziridzwa kubumbiro remitemo rehurumende.

Sarudzo dzehurumende dzinosarudzawo kuumbwa kwe kwemisi yoruwaro , iyo inokwevazve maruwa emitemo nehurumende makore gumi ari ose kupfurikidza nokudzokororwa. Muuyo weidzi sarudzo unotapura zvakananga dzikamo yesimba muImba yeSangano yavamiririri vehurumende.

Kusarudzwa Kwemabhazi

Sarudzo dzinoitika makore maviri ari ose uye dzinooneka zvikurusa kuvanhu.Idzo dzinosarudza kuumbwa kweUnited States Congress(8) Dare neImba yaVamiririri (napamakore mana ari ose, sarudzo. Federal yakagadza muitiro worudzi pamusoro pokuzvidzivirira, kutama, Social Security, Medicare, kutengeserana kwokumwe, uye maruramiro avagari vemo.

[ Makomoni esarudzo dzehurumende:

Nemhaka yokuti madzinza ehurumende anowanzodzora kufukidzwa kwenhau, kuri nyore kufuratira makwikwi okusarudza. Bva tapuro inowedzerwa yesarudzo dzomunzvimbomo nehurumende pamuitiro wehurumende yakadzama: vatongi vehurumende vanoita mapurogiramu ehurumende sewedzero yeMedicaid, uye vachuchisi vomunzvimbomo vanosarudza kuti imhakai dzokumanikidzira pasi pemitemo yehurumende yemirimo.

Kufamba Kwakaita Matambudziko: Nhano Nenhanho

Kunzwisisa nhanho imwe neimwe kunobvisa kuvhiringidzika uye kunokubatsira kuti usapinda mumisungo inogona kuita kuti vhoti yako irege kuverengwa.

Kunyoresa Nemari

Kunyoresa kwechikwata chejeta inhano yokutanga uye inokosha zvikuru. Zvinodiwa zvinosiana nehurumende, asi kazhinji kazhinji unofanira kuva mugari weUnited States, mugari wehurumende, uye anenge makore 18 okukura paZuva rorusarudzo. Zvikamu zvizhinji zvinopa kunyoresa paIndaneti, nepo zvimwe zvinoda fomu repepa kana kuti hofisi yevhoti. National Voter Expablication Act (1993) yakaita kuti zvibvire kunyoresa pakukumbira kana kuti kuvandudza rezinesi yomutyairi.

  • [[FOL:0] Dheadlines - ruvara kubva paZuva roKusarudza pacharo (mumiganhu yakadai seNorth Dakota, isina kunyoresa) kusvikira kumazuva 30 sarudzo isati yaitwa.
  • Kuzivisa[ - nyika dzakawanda dzinoda nhamba yerezinesi rokutyaira kana kuti zvikamu zvina zvokupedzisira zvenhamba yeSocial Security. Dzimwe nyika dzinokumbira kopi yeID painonyoresa neposi.
  • Party commente[[FL:1] - dzimwe nyika dzinoda kuti uzivise boka rokuvhota muvamiriri; nzvera mitemo yenyika yako.
  • Address nezita repluging – kana ukafambisa kana kuti kuchinja zita rako, unofanira kunyoresazve kana kuti kuvandudza kunyoresa kwako.

Masangano asingabhadhari akadai se org anogovera zvishandiso zviri nyore kunzvera mugariro wako wokunyoresa ndokuwana nzvimbo yako yokuvhotera. Kusimbisa kunyoresa kwako mavhiki maviri Zuva reKusarudza risati rasvika kunokupa nguva yokururamisa zvikanganiso zvipi nezvipi.

Nzira Dzokukurukurira Nadzo Mashoko

Mazuva apfuura apo munhu ari wose aifanira kuenda kunzvimbo yokuvhotera imwe paChipiri chimwe.

  • Kuvhota paZuva reSarudzo - mutoo wegamuchidzanwa; unoshanyira nzvimbo yako yokuvhota yawakagoverwa (check yechinjo nemhaka yokuchinja). Uya nechimiro chinogamuchirwa cheID kana mugariro wako uchiida.
  • [ Kuvhota kwapamberi pezvi - nyika dzakawanda dzinovhura nzvimbo dzokuvhota mazuva kana kuti mavhiki pamberi poMusi Wokusarudza. Kuvhota kwokutanga kunoderedza mitsetse uye kunokupa nguva yakawanda yokunzvera zvitengo zvokuvhota.
  • Ampire kana kuti kuvhota neposi - kukumbira koroti kuti itumirwe kumusha wako. Dzimwe nyika zvinyorwa zveposi zvinongoerekana zvatumirwa kuvose vakanyoreswa vavhota (mutoodora, Oregon, Washington). Dzimwe dzinoda pembedzo (mh., chirwere, kufamba). Kutumira bhasikoro rako rapamberi kana kuti kushandisa mabhokisi kuisa kupfurikidza nokunyora nguva.
  • [[FORB:0] Kuvhota – nokuda kwavavhoti vane urema kana kuti nhau dzokufamba; unogona kuvhota mumotokari yako kunze kwenzvimbo yokuvhotera.

Mutoo mumwe nomumwe une mitemo yakananga pamusoro pemisi inodzorwa, siginicha chaiyoiyo, uye zvinodikanwa zvapupu. Nzvera nehofisi yako yesarudzo yenzvimbo inorongerwa nokuda kwemirairidzo yakarurama zvikurusa. Profita: kana uvhota nepositi, zadza ndokudzorera bharani rako nokukurumidza apo unoigamuchira kudzivisa kunonotsa.

Chinoitika Pashure Pokufara

Pashure pokunge wakanda bhosvoroti yako, inoita muitiro kuva nechokwadi noururami. Michina yokuvhota inovhota inovhota zvakananga; mapepa anoongororwa. Nyika zhinji dzinoita mapiclact okusarudza pashure pesarudzo, mapoka akarongwa kubvumikisa kuti muchina unoverenga mapepa akanyorwa. Mabhurokwa (anoshandiswa apo muvhoti anenge achipokana) anoongororwa bedzi kana muvhoti akabvumidzwa. Vhoti yako haina kuzivikanwa asi inorondwa kupfurikidza nebhii rekodhiyo yecheketi kana kuti blalootti iri mumativi akasiana, ichikubvumira kuiyera kana hurumende yako ichigovera kutendwa kana igovera mukoto webhorakiti wekombiyuta.

Kukosha Kwokusarudza Kwose

Kusarudza vanhu kunoratidza kuti vanotungamirira hurumende inomiririra hurumende inosarudzwa nevanhu kunogovera vagari vemo mukana wokusarudza vatungamiriri vanoratidza tsika dzavo, wokuramba vachizvidavirira, uye wokupesvedzera zvakananga mitemo nokusarudza.

[[[FRA:0] Nei tichifanira kutora rutivi:[

  • Nzanga [ - Sarudzo yomunzvimbomo inosarudza kuti madhora omutero anopedzerwa sei muzvikoro, migwagwa, uye mabasa ekurumidziro. Kana patsvako yakaderera, boka duku ravavhoti rinogona kuraira zvinhu zvenzanga.
  • Mitemo yehurumende [ - matare ehurumende anodzora mipimo yedzidzo, kukwanisa kurapa, mirau yemhoteredzo, uye kuvhota zvinozvitonga. Kugadzwa kwedare rehurumende kunotapura kutsanangurwa kweiyi mitemo nokuda kwezvizvarwa.
  • Mitemo yetsika [ - sarudzo dzehurumende dzakagadza muitiro wokupinda munyika, mibatanidzwa yamarudzi ose, uye dzikamo yeDare rapamusorosoro. Kugadzwa kwaPurezidhendi kunodzora jaji kwamakumi amakore.
  • Misuwa yokuzvidavirira [ - vakuru vakasarudzwa vanofuratira vakwanyina vanorasikirwa nezvigaro zvavo. Kunyange kana usingabvumirani nomukundi, bhaundi rakakwirira rinotumira shoko iro muvhoti akaronga uye ari kurinda.

Kuwedzera kwekodzero dzokuvhota kwenhau (kubva paPendement yechi15 (kupesana kwechikwata) kusvika kuPendement yechi19 (kushatisa kwevakadzi) kuMutemo weKodzero wa1965(madhimoni kunoratidza kuti vanhu vakaoma sei kurwira kuvhota. Kwete kuvhota mukana wakapotsa kukudza nhaka iyoyo uye kuumba nguva yemberi.

Zvinetso Zvinotarisana Nebasa Rokukunda

Pasinei zvapo noukoshi hwesarudzo, gadziriro inotarisana nedenho dzinopfuurira dzinogona kusekesa ruramisiro nechivimbo.

Kudzvinyirirwa Nemagetsi

Kudzvinyirira kwechikwata chinonongedzera kumitemo nemiitiro izvo zvinoodza kana kuti kudzivisa vagari vemo vakakodzera kuvhota. Miitiro inowanzobatanidza zvinodikanwa zvepikicha zvakasimba, kubvisa mapepa anovhota pasina chiziviso chakakwana, kuderedza maawa okuvhota apakuvamba, kubvisa nzvimbo dzokuvhota munharaunda dzinenge dziri duku, uye kuraira chibvumikiso chounzi. Zvidzidzo zvinobva ku Brennan Center nokuda kweChirevoti ye Justice zvinoratidza kuti aya matanho anotapura zvikuru kuwana mari yakaderera, vakwegura, uye vavhotera vashomanene. Kurwisa, masangano akawanda anoshandisa kunyoresa kuvhotera nokuwedzera migove. Kana ukasangana nemhinganidzo, dziviriro kusingavhoteranisi (g.66,UR.VTE).

Gerrymandering

Gerryman transvection yemiganhu yevhoti yevhoti yemaune kupa rimwe sangano rezvamatongerwe enyika betsero. Kupfurikidza no “kukwevera". vavhoti vevavengi mumaruwa akawanda kana kuti“ kuvaisa” mumaruwa mashomanene, boka riri musimba rinogona kuwina zvigaro zvizhinji kunyange kana rikarasikirwa nevhoti yakakurumbira. Uku muitiro unoderedza simba rokuvhota renzanga dzemavara uye kuderedza makwikwikwi. Zvinetso zvedare zvakava nemigumisiro yakavhengana, uye dzimwe nyika dzakaita masangano okuzvimirira kuti dzideredze ruvengo. Vagariti vanogona kumanikidza kuti vagadzirise mirangariro yavo nokuchinja mativi uye mutemo.

Mashoko Asina Kunaka Nemashoko Asina Kunaka

Mashoko enhema pamusoro pavanoda kuvhota, mitemo yokuvhota, uye perero yesarudzo zvinopararira nokukurumidza pazvinobudisa nhau zvenzanga uye kupfurikidza nezvinobudisa nhau. Ngano dzakakurumbira dzinobatanidza misi isiriyo, kutaura kwenhema pamusoro petsororo reposi mutsamba, uye kutsigira kwakarongwa. Mishformation inogona kuvhiringidza vavhoti, kuvhurutswa, kana kuti kunyandura kusagadzikana. Kurwisa ikoku, nguva dzose kusimbisa mashoko okusarudza namanyuko apamutemo akadai sewebsite yesarudzo yehurumende kana kuti masangano asingatendi anovimbwa se Vate411 ..

Zvipingamupinyi Zvokusawana

Kupfuura kudzorwa nokusashanda, mhinganidzo dzinoshanda dzinodzivisa vagari vazhinji vakakodzera kuvhota. Idzi dzinobatanidza kushaikwa kwezvifambiso zvebasa zvisingachinjiki, rudungwe rwebasa, mhinganidzo dzomutauro, uye urema izvo zvinoita kuti nzvimbo dzokuvhota dzive dzisingasvikiki. Mutemo weFederal unoda nzvimbo dzokuvhotera dzinosvikwa nebetsero yomutauro munzvimbo dzakati, asi kushanda kunosiyana. Kuvhota kwokukurumidza, mapepa eposi, uye zvisarudzo zvepanze zvinobetsera kuderedza idzi mhinganidzo. Kana uchida betsero, onai hofisi yenyu yesarudzo yomunzvimbomo pachinei.

Nzira Yokuramba Nayo Uchidzidziswa uye Uchibatanidzwa

Kuva muvhoti anoziva kunoda nhamburiko inopfuurira, kwete bedzi pamberi peZuva Rokusarudza. Tevera iyi miitiro:

  • Decle refujeti pakuvamba – tamisa chiyeuchidzo chinopfuurira kwamazuva 30 pamberi pesarudzo iri yose munyika yako.
  • vanoda kunzvera uye mipimo – shandisa nhungamiro dzevoti dzisiri dzepapatiti, vanopinda maForum, uye verenga pepanhau romunzvimbomo zvinotsigira. Tarira zvinyorwa zvemari yenhimbe kuti uone ari kutsigira mari.
  • Vari vakuru vesarudzo panyuchi dzenzanga – mabharani nevanyori veruwa kazhinji kazhinji vanonyora gadziridzo pamusoro penguva, chinjo munzvimbo dzokunzvera, uye chengeteko yekodzero.
  • Taura neshamwari navavakidzani - kukurudzira vamwe kuvhota kuti vawedzere simba rako. Nyika zhinji dzinokubvumira kuzvipira somuvhoti kana kuti kunyange kuendesa vanhu kuvhota.

Kukurukurirana kamwe chete kunogona kuyeuchidza mumwe munhu kuti sarudzo yedare rechikoro iri kuitika uye kuti vhoti yavo inogona kukanganisa ukuru hwekirasi yemwana wavo.

mhedziso

Kunzwisisa sarudzo dzomunzvimbomo, dzehurumende, uye dzehurumende hachisi chidzidzo chehurumende chete chamagariro avanhu nemoneysar chinoshanda kuumba nzanga yako nenyika yako.Kubva kuna meya anosarudza kutsigira paki kuti ive purezidhendi anoronga mitemo yokumwe, mushandi ari wose anotanga nenhimbe uye vhoti. Gadziriro yacho inoshanda zvakanakisisa apo inoziviswa, inosunda vagari vemo vanotora rutivi pamwero uri wose.

Sarudzo inotevera zvainosvika, tora maminiti mashomanene kusimbisa kunyoresa kwako, dzidza chiri papepa rako rokuvhota, uye ita rongedzero yokuvhota. Kana uchitovhota nguva dzose, rangarira kuzvipira somuvhoti kana kuti kubetsera mutezo wemhuri kunyoresa. vhoti iri yose inzwi, uye pamwe chete, vavhoti vanosarudza nhungamiro yenyika. Kutora kwako hakusati kuri maruramiro bedzi asi mutoro unoita kuti democracy ive ive yakasimba zvikuru.