Chikonzero Nei Mitemo Yemitemo Yokusarudza Yehurumende Ichikosha

United States haina gadziriro imwe yenyika yokusarudza. Panzvimbo pezvo, Bumbiro reMitemo rinopa chiremera chikuru chokusarudza, kuchiguma nebasa rakaganhurirwa remitemo nemirau zvinosiana muhurumende imwe neimwe. Uku kuwirirana kunoreva kuti apo munhu anovhota anogona kuva anokosha saiye wavanovhotera, nemhaka yokuti mitemo yenzvimbo yapasi inoumba rutivi rwuri rwose rwemuitiro wevhoti.

Nokuda kwavadzidzisi vanodzidzisa sayenzi yezvamatongerwe enyika, magariro avanhu, kana kuti hurumende, kunzwisisa iyi misiyano kunokosha. Vadzidzi vanodzidza pamusoro pemitemo yesarudzo yakajeka yehurumende vanowana murangariro wakajeka zvikuru wehurumende yeAmerica yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Vanotanga kuona kuti zvisarudzo zvokuumba — zvakadai semiganhu yokunyoresa, zvinodikanwa zvokusarudza, uye mitoo yokuvhota — zvinotapura zvakananga muvhoti, chengeteko, uye perero yose yemiuyo.

Kukundikana kutsanangura misiyano yakananga yenyika kunogona kutungamirira kunyongano, kusawirirana, kana kuti denho dzapamutemo. Nyaya inopa nhungamiro yakakwana kumativi makuru emitemo yesarudzo, nharaunda huru dzemhatsa, uye zviwanikwa zvinowanika zvokuramba uchiziva.

Mavambo Ebumbiro Remitemo Nemitemo

Mitemo yeSarudzo yeHurumende inoshanda mukati megadziriro yakagadzwa neBumbiro reMitemo reU.S., mitemo yehurumende, uye mitemo inotonga. Bumbiro reMitemo rinopa simba rokugadza "Nguva, Nzvimbo neManinner zvokuisa zvisarudzo zvavasarudzo zvavasarudzi navamiriri," iri pasi pechibvumirano. Mitemo yeSangano raMasangano yakadai seVoting Rights Act ye 1965, Help American Vote Act of 2002, uye National Voter Register Act ya 1993 inoisa zvinodikanwa zvose zvinofanira kutevera.

Zvisinei, mukati meiyi miganhu yehurumende, nyika dzinongwarira zvikuru. Uku dzikamo pakati poutarisiri hwehurumende noudzori hwehurumende kwave kuri manyuko ekurukurirano inopfuurira, zvikurukuru munharaunda dzakadai semitemo yemuvhoti, kudzorwa, uye kuvhota. Kunzwisisa iyi zvivako zvapamutemo kunobetsera vadzidzi kunzwisisa chikonzero nei mitemo yesarudzo ichisiyana uye nei ivo vachichinja nokukurumidza mukupindura kuchisarudzo chedare kana kuti chiito chemitemo.

Key yemitemo yehurumende inoumba kutarisirwa kwesarudzo yehurumende inobatanidza:

  • Voting Rights Act, inorambidza rusaruro muvhoti uye inoda mamwe mativi okuvhota kuti awane mvumo yehurumende isati yachinja mitemo yesarudzo
  • Help America Vote Act, iyo yakatanga Evolution Affect Commission ndokugadza mipimo yemichina yokuvhota, mapepa okunyoresa anovhota, uye mavhotavhota
  • National Voter Britage Act, inoda nyika kunyoresa muvhoti pamahofisi emotokari uye mamwe masangano ehurumende
  • Vagari vomugungwa nevokuMadokero Vanonzi Abfacee Voting Act, iyo inovimbisa vashandi vemauto uye vagari vemo vokumhiri kwemakungwa vanogona kuvhota vasipo

Marongedzero Okunyoresa Nemitsetse Yakafa

Dzimwe nyika dzakaita kuti kunyoresa kuve nyore uye kusvikike, asi dzimwe dzinoisa zvinodiwa zvinogona kutadzisa vamwe vanhu kunyoresa.

Kunyoresa Pakombiyuta

Kusvika muna 2024, nyika dzinopfuura 40 dzinopa kunyoresa kwevavhoti paIndaneti, dzichibvumira vagari vemo kunyoresa kana kuti kuvandudza mashoko avo kupfurikidza nenzvimbo yewebsite yakachengeteka.

Kunyoresa kweZuva rimwe chetero

Kunyoresa kwezuva rimwe chetero kunobvumira vagari vemo vakakodzera kunyoresa nokuvhota pazuva rimwe chetero, mungava mukati mekuvhota kwapakuvamba kana kuti pazuva resarudzo rimene. Zvinenge 20 nyika pamwe chete neRuwa rweColumbia zvakashandisa uyu muitiro. Mitezo yakadai seMinnesota, Wisconsin, uye Colorado yakaona mwero yakakwirira inovhota, iyo vanzveri vanopa mumwe mubatanidzwa kunyoresa kwezuva rimwe chetero. Dzimwe nyika dzinotaura kuti kunyoresa kwezuva rimwe chete kunoparira zvinetso zvehurumende uye kunowedzera ngozi yokubiridzira, kunyange zvazvo fundo dzakawana ufakazi hushoma hwezvinetso zvakapararira.

Mazita Akafa Anonyoreswa

Zvehurumende pasina kunyoresa kwezuva rimwe chetero, misi inovambira pamazuva 7 kusvikira ku 30 pamberi pesarudzo. Somuenzaniso, Georgia neTexas dzinoda kunyoreswa mazuva anenge 30 pachine nguva mberi, nepo nyika dzakadai seMichigan neOhio dzine misi inosvika mazuva 15 kusvikira ku 20. Iyi miganhu inonyanyokosha nokuda kwenhamburiko dzedzidzo dzavavhoti, nemhaka yokuti vavhoti vazhinji vakakodzera vanopotsa hwindo nemhaka bedzi yokuti havazivi musi wokubviswa.

Kunyoresa Mubatanidzwa Wezvigadzirwa Zvemagetsi Zvinongozviitikirawo

Chinjo inowedzera kukurumbira kunyoreswa kwevoti, uko kunonyoresa vagari vemo vakakodzera apo vanobata namasangano ehurumende seDMV, kutoti vasarudza. Inopfuura nyika 20 dzakashandisa chimiro chakati cheAVR. Vatsigiri vanotaura kuti AVR inowedzera mwero yokunyoresa uye inoderedza zvikanganiso zvokutarisira. Oregon, nyika yokutanga kutora AVR muna 2016, yakaona mwero yokunyoresa uchikwira zvikuru mumavhoti akatevera.

Kuziva Zvinodiwa Kuti Uve Nemashoko Anokosha

Nharaunda shomanene dzomutemo wesarudzo dzinoparira gakava guru kupfuura zvinodikanwa zvomuvhoti weID.

Mitemo yePhoto Id Yakaoma

Nyika dzakafanana neGeorgia, Indiana, Kansas, uye Wisconsin inoda vavhoti kuti vape ID yehurumende yakagadzirwa vasati vagadzira bharati. Zvirongwa zvinogamuchirika zvinowanzobatanidza raisensi yokutyaira, pasipoti, kana kuti kadhi reID rehurumende. Vatambi vasingagoni kubudisa idi rinogamuchirika vangakanda chitsama chegadziriro asi vanofanira kudzokera kuvakuru vakuru vehurumende vane chiratidzo chakafanira mukati mamazuva mashomanene kuti vaverenge.

Mitemo isiri yeYouchidhimoni uye Isina Kunyorwa

Dzimwe nyika dzine zvinodikanwa zviduku. Dzimwe dzinogamuchira kusazivikanwa semari yemari yavose, pepa rebhangi, kana kuti kusaina mutengi. Mitengo yakadai seCalifornia neNew York haidi zivikanwo ipi neipi panzvero kana muvhoti akatonyoreswa. Iyi misiyano inogona kuparira nyongano kuvavhoti vanotama pakati penyika kana kuti avo vanovhota vachienda kumativi enyika.

Tapuro Pakuchinja Mubato Wendege

Nzvero patapuro dzemitemo yemavhoti yakavhengana. Dzimwe nzvero dzinoratidza kuti mitemo yeID inodzongonyedza inoderedza pakati pevoruzhinji, vakwegura, uye vatambi vakaderera, avo vane bviro shomanene yokuva nezvinodikanwa. Dzimwe nzvero dzinowana pesvedzero shoma pamwero inotora rutivi yose. Chiri pachena ndechokuti gakava pamusoro pemitemo yeID inovhota rinoratidza kusabvumirana kukuru pamusoro pezvibvumirano zvebhizimisi pakati pekuwana nokuchengeteka kwevhoti.

Mitoo Yokutara Nokukurumidza Kuwana

Nyika dzinopa nzira dzakasiyana - siyana dzokukanda nadzo kavhoti, uye zvisarudzo zvinowanika zvinogona kupesvedzera zvikuru kuva nyore kwemuvhoti nokutora rutivi.

MuPuroton Poling paZuva Rokusarudza

Kuvhota kwakakurumbira kunoramba kuri mutoo wakakurumbira zvikurusa munyika dzose. Nzvimbo dzokushambadzira dzinoshanda kubvira mangwanani - ngwanani kusvikira madekwana, nemaawa anorongwa nomutemo wehurumende. Dzimwe nyika dzinorayira kuti kuvhota kurambe kwakazaruka kwechiverengero chiduku chamaawa, nepo dzimwe dzichibvumira zviremera zvomunzvimbomo kugadza maawa azvo zvimene mukati megadziriro yehurumende.

Nguva Dzokutanga Dzokubudisa Manzwi

Nyika dzakawanda dzinopa kuvhota kwokutanga, dzichibvumira vagari vemo kuisa mavhota panzvimbo imwe chete zuva rekuvhota risati rasvika.

Matsamba Mubasa Rokutumira

Kuvhota kwazova chinhu chikuru chekurukurirano dzemitemo yesarudzo. Dzimwe nyika, kubatanidza Washington, Oregon, Colorado, Utah, uye Hawaii, dzinoita sarudzo dzinenge chose chose nepositi, dzichitumira mavhotagi ose akanyoreswa. Dzimwe nyika dzinobvumira muvhoti upi noupi kukumbira muvhoti anenge abviswa pasina pembedzo. Nyika shomanene dzichiri kuda vavhoti kuti vagovere chikonzero chakananga, zvakadai sechirwere, kufamba, kana kuti basa rehondo, kuvhota muroti.

Kuwedzera kwokuvhota panhau yokuvhota mukati medenda reCOVID-19 kwakatungamirira kuchinjo huru mumitemo yehurumende. California, Nevada, uye Vermont, pakati pedzimwe, vakagamuchira mitemo yechigarire yokutumira vavhoti vose vanoshingaira. Iyi chinjo dzinoramba dziripo nharo, nekurukurirano pamusoro pechengeteko yebhora, nguva dzokuendesa paposi, uye bviro yokumanikidza kana kuti kubiridzira.

Kushambadza Kunobatsira Kuti Vanhu Vakwanise Kubudirira

Chiito chokuvhota chinodzora nemitemo yehurumende iyo inokurukura nzvimbo dzokuvhota, maawa, vashandi, uye pokugara nokuda kwavavhoti vane urema.

Nzvimbo Yokushambadza

Mitemo yehurumende inogadza mipimo miduku nokuda kwenhamba nenzvimbo dzokuvhota. Nharaunda dzomumaruwa kazhinji kazhinji dzine nzvimbo dzokuvhotera, dzinoda vavhoti kuti vafambe madaro marefu. Nharaunda dzeUrban dzingatarisana nemitsetse mirefu nemhaka yeuwandu hwechiverengero chavagari vemo nemidziyo isina kukwana. Mutemo weFederal unoda kuti nzvimbo dzokuvhota dzisvike kuva dzinovhota dzine urema, kubatanidza michina yokuvhotera yewiricheya, michina inosvikika, uye masigirwo akakwana.

Maawa Okushanda

Maawa okusarudza ezuva anosiana nehurumende, nokuvhura kwakawanda pakati pa 6:00 a.m. na 8:00 a.m., uye kupfiga pakati pa 7:00 p.m. na 9:00 p.m. nyika shomanene, kufanana neNew York, dzinoda kuti nzvero dzive dzakazaruka kubva pa 6:00 a.m. kusvikira ku 9:00 p.m. dzimwe, kufanana naIndiana, dzinogadza maawa kubva pa 6:00 a.m. kusvikira ku 6:00 p.m.

Rubatsiro Nokuda Kwezvigadzirwa Zvemagetsi Neurema

Help America Vote Act inoda kuti nzvimbo yose yokuvhota ine muchina mumwe wokuvhota unowanika kuvanhu vane urema, kubatanidza avo vane urema hwokuona. Mitengo ine mutoro wokurovedza vashandi vanovhota pamusoro penzira yokubetsera nayo vavhoti vanoda betsero. Dzimwe nyika dzinopawo kuvhota kwaparutivi kwemitemo nokuda kwavavhoti avo vasingagoni kupinda munzvimbo yokuvhota.

Kuverenga, Kushuma, uye Kuongorora

Kana zvirongwa zvangopera, mitemo yehurumende inoratidza kuti marobhoti anounganidzwa, anoverengwa, uye anoshumwa sei.

Nzira Dzokuverenga Nadzo

Dzimwe nyika dzinoda mapepa anogona kuongororwa kana kunyorwa nemaoko, asi dzimwe dzinoshandisa makombiyuta chete.

Kushuma Nguva

Dzimwe nyika dzinobvumira kugadzirwa kwapakuvamba kwemavhoti eposi mumo musati masvika zuva resarudzo, iro rinomhanya kushuma. Dzimwe nyika dzinorambidza kunyandurwa kwapamberi pezvisarudzo, kuchitungamirira kukunonotsa kushuma migumisiro. Florida, somuenzaniso, inobvumira nhamba kuvamba kugadzira mapepa eposi mazuva 40 pamberi pekuvhota, kuchipa mavambo. Pennsylvania neMichigan haina kubvumira kugadzirwa pachine nguva mberi kusvikira misi ichangobva kupfuura iyi, uko kwakaparira kutora zvishoma muna 2020.

Mitemo yePurefu yeSarudzo

Nzvero dzekusarudza dzapashure dzinokosha kuyera kururama kwemiuyo yesarudzo. United States ine zvinodikanwa zvakasiana- siyana pamusoro pokuti zvitsananguro zvinoitiswa sei uye apo zviidzo zvinoitirwa. Dzimwe nyika dzinoda kuongororwa kwomuitiro pashure pesarudzo iri yose, nepo dzimwe dzichingonzvera bedzi apo rondedzero inokumbirwa. Colorado neRhode Island dzinorangarirwa kuva vatungamiriri mukunzvera kwasarudzo, kupfurikidza nokuganhura muganhu wengozi izvo zvinopa chivimbo chemigumisiro yemitengo.

Kuchengetedza Kusarudza uye Kuperera

Mitemo yesarudzo yenyika inoitawo kuti nyaya dzokuchengetedza zvinhu zvisave zvakanaka, kusanganisira kugadziriswa kwemapepa okunyoresa, kuchengetwa kwevana nokuda kwemapepa okuchengetera vana, uye kuchengeteka kwemakombiyuta.

Kuchengetedza Mutsetse Wemajota

Mitengo inodikanwa kuchengeta ndaza yakarurama yomuvhoti pasi peNational Voter Bribastory Act. Ikoku kunobatanidza kubvisa vavhoti vakafa, vanhu vakatama, uye kunyoresazve. Zvisinei, inotaura kuti vanosiana mumatanho avanoita nenzira youdzori. Dzimwe nyika dzinoshandisa zvibvumirano zvemazita namadhipatimendi emotokari namabasa epositi, nepo dzimwe dzinotsamira pamirando yenhambo nenhambo kunzvera kero.

Kuyera Kuchengeteka Kwebharuti

Kudzivisa kukanganisa, Hurumende dzinoda kuchengetedzwa kwemavhoti asati aitwa uye apera zuva resarudzo. Tsamba dzemitemo yokuchengeta mwana dzinoratidza kuti marobhoti anoendeswa sei kubva kunzvimbo dzinovhoterwa kuenda kunzvimbo dzokuverenga. Dzimwe nyika dzinoda kuti mabhora asimbiswe ndokusainwa nevakuru vakuru vesarudzo, nepo dzimwe dzichishandisa zvisimbiso zvinoshaikwa kuti zvisaikwe.

Zvinodikanwa Zvekuchengeteka

Chengeteko yegadziriro yokusarudza chinhu chinokura. Nyika dzakashandisa matanho akadai sokuedza, kusimbisa kwakawanda kwegadziriro dzesarudzo, uye kurovedza kuchengeteka kwenguva dzose nokuda kwavashandi vesarudzo. Masangano eFederal securecurity neInfraformation Security Agency anogovera zviwanikwa nenhungamiro, asi kushandira pasi kunosiiwa kunyika imwe neimwe.

Kuenzanisa Masvikiro Ehurumende: Kuongorora Zvirwere

Kuenzanisira mhatsa yemitemo yehurumende yokusarudza, rangarira kusvika kwenyika nhatu dzine gadziriro dzakasiyana zvikuru: Oregon, Georgia, uye New Hampshire.

Oregon: Vote neMail

Oregon akaita sarudzo dzose muna 2000. Muvhoti mumwe nomumwe akanyorwa anogamuchira chivhoti angozviwana, chavanogona kudzoka nepositi kana kuti kudonhedza bhokisi. Oregon anogoverawo kunyoresa kwezuva rimwe chetero uye haadi kuti vasaruri vasarudze. Hurumende inozivikanwa nokuda kwomuvhoti mukuru uye vatarisiri vanobudirira vesarudzo.

Georgia: ID uye Kukurumidza Kumhanya

Georgia inoda kuti ivhotere mumunhu uye haibvumiri kunyoresa zuva rimwe chetero.

Kunyoresa kweHameshire: Zuva rimwe chete uye Hapana mutemo

New Hampshire inobvumira kunyoresa kwezuva rimwe chetero uye haidi zivikanwo pavhoti dzavavhoti vakanyoreswa. Vavhoti vokutanga vanofanira kugovera zivikanwo, asi hurumende inowanzorangarirwa kuva ine mhinganidzo dzakaderera dzokuvhota. Muvhoti wayo anoramba ari pakati pomukwidziri mukurusa munyika.

Kudzidzisa Nokudzidza

Kurambira pamitemo yesarudzo yakajeka yehurumende idenho nemhaka yokuti mitemo inochinja kazhinji kazhinji nemhaka yemitemo, kutonga kwedare, uye nhano dzokuvhota. Sezvineiwo, masangano anoverengeka anogovera mashoko akavimbika, anosvika pamusi uno.

Sangano Rorudzi Revandika Vehurumende

National Association of Secretary of State inochengeta shopu yakakwana yemitemo yesarudzo yehurumende uye inonyorera mashoko mukuru wesarudzo imwe neimwe. Iyi inzvimbo yakaisvonaka yokutanga nokuda kwavadzidzi vanonzvera nyika dzakananga.

Vote.org

.org inogovera nhungamiro dzomutauro wakajeka kukunyoresa muvhoti, mitoo yokuvhota, uye zvinodikanwa zvokuzivisa nokuda kwehurumende iri yose. Nzvimbo yacho inogoverawo maturusi okunzvera mugariro wokunyoresa nokuwana nzvimbo dzokuvhotera.

Chinzwano Chavakadzi Vanoita Mitambo

`Reague of Women Voters inobudisa nhungamiro dzisingatsigiri vavhoti dzinotsanangura zviito zvesarudzo navatendi vehurumende iri yose umo sangano rine maganhuro. Idzi nhungamiro dzinoshandiswa zvikuru navadzidzisi navavhoti zvakafanana.

Brennan Center yeRuramisiro

Brennan Center for Justice paNew York University School of Law inoita nzvero nokusabvumirana pakodzero dzokuvhota uye mutemo wesarudzo. Mishumo yaro inofukidza muvhoti, bhadharo, kudzosa, uye mari yenhimbe, neyakakwana yehurumende neyamagariro.

Basa Rokuyamura Kusarudza

.I COMP COUS inogovera nhungamiro yemubatanidzwa nemashoko pamusoro pegadziriro yasarudzo, kubatanidza mwero yokuvhota, mipimo yemichina yokuvhota, uye miitiro yokunzvera pashure pekuvhota. Zviwiro zvayo zvinobetsera kunzwisisa miitiro yenyika.

mhedziso

Mitemo yeSarudzo yakananga yehurumende inoreva chinhu chinoratidzira gadziriro yehurumende yeAmerica yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Inoratidzira gadziriro yenyika yorudzi ndokubvumira nyika kuwiriranisa gadziriro dzadzo dzevhota nemigariro yomunzvimbomo nezvinokosha. Zvisinei, mhatsa iyi inoparirawo kuoma kwevoti, vadzidzisi, uye vatarisiri vesarudzo. Kunzwisisa nharaunda huru dzemisiyano — kubva kumipimo yokunyoresa neidivi yeID kumitoo yokuvhota uye miitiro yokusarudza pashure pepo — zvinokosha nokuda kwomunhu upi noupi anoda kutora zvinobudirira mumuitiro wedemocracy.

Nokuda kwavadzidzisi, kudzidzisa mitemo yesarudzo yakananga yehurumende ibanza rokupinza vadzidzi mukunzvera chaikoiko kwenyika kwezvamatongerwe enyika uye kusimbisa ukoshi hwougari hwemo hunoziva. Kupfurikidza nokushandisa zviwanikwa zvakavimbika nokuramba vakasvinurira chinjo dzapamutemo, vadzidzi vanogona kukudziridza nzwisiso huru zvikuru nokuda kwenzira iyo basa rasarudzo uye chikonzero nei nhau dzavo dzokutora.