Zuva riri rose, pasina mufungo wechipiri, mamirioni eAmerica anobatira pamwe nemichina yehurumende yavo. Kupinza kadhi rechikwereti, kutyaira kuenda kubasa, kuisa mwana kuchikoro, kana kuti kunyange kudya chisvusvusvuro chapamusana — aya nhambowo zvawo anoumbwa nemitemo, miraudzo, uye mabasa anobva muzvose zviri zviviri dzimbahwe renyika muWashington, D.C., uye mamiriro ezvinhu ehurumende echikwerete, aya maviri, anozivikanwa secounistism, anogona kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji kunzwa ari kure kana kuti anovhiringidza. Zvisinei, anonzwisisa kuti ndiani anoita, uye chikonzero nei, chiri rovedzo yedzidzo chete. Iyi inheyo yokuva mugari womunyika inobudirira. Iyi inogovera kuputsika kunooneka kunoshanda kworudzi rwamarudzi nehurumende, nzira iyo vanodzora nayo zvakananga, uye nzira iyo vanokwanisa nayo kufamba nayo upenyu hwako zuva nezuva.

Kuumbwa KwechiAmerica

Hurumende yeUnited States inoshanda mugadziriro youchangamire huviri. Apo Framers yakaronga Bumbiro reMitemo, vakaumba hurumende yenyika yakasimba asi vakangwarira kuchengetedza basa rehurumende. Vainzwisisa kuti hurumende yapakati yainyanyova kure navanhu yakapinda mungozi youdzvinyiriri, nepo muunganidzwa wehurumende dzakazvimirira pasina kubatanidzwa kwenyongano neutera zvorudzi. Chigadzikiso chakanga chiri dzikamo yakakomba yakarongwa zvikurukuru mugadziriro yeBumbiro reMitemo neTenth Amendment.

Simba Rakaoma, Rakachengetwa, uye Rakavapo

Kuti unzwisise kuti ihurumende ipi inotapura rutivi rwakati rwoupenyu hwako, unofanira kutanga kunzwisisa marudzi emasimba rimwe nerimwe.

  • Masimba akaverengwa (Federal): Aya masimba anopiwa zvakananga kuhurumende yehurumende neBumbiro remitemo. Anobatanidza kuumba mari, kudzora nyika nekutengeserana kwamarudzi ose, kuzivisa hondo, kumutsa hondo, kutanga mahofisi epositi, uye mufambiro wokumwe. Aya masimba akarongwa zvikurukuru muChikamu I, Chikamu 8.
  • Rareved Powers (Magariro): Pendment inojekesa kuti simba ripi neripi risingapiwi kuhurumende yehurumende inochengeterwa hurumende kana kuti vanhu. Ikoku kunopa chiremera pamusoro pemhatsa hurusa yenhau dzomunzvimbomo, kubatanidza kutungamirira sarudzo, kutanga hurumende dzomunzvimbomo, kutungamirira kutengeserana kwamaruwa, kutarisira utano nekotsekano yavose, uye dzidzo.
  • Masimba eChonol (Agoveranwa): Masimba mazhinji anoshandiswa namwero yose iri miviri yehurumende. Zvose zviri zviviri hurumende dzehurumende nehurumende zvinogona kutora mitero yeBhin, kukwereta mari, kutanga matare, mabhangi esutabheti, uye kudzikamisa mitemo. Apo anorwisana, Supremacy Claus weBumbiro reMitemo (Article VI) anoraira kuti mutemo wehurumende ushande.

Kududzirwa kwemasimba aya, zvikurukuru Commerce Claus pamusoro pezvokutengeserana kwenyika dzakawanda, kwakashanduka kuva chinhu chinokosha munhau yeAmerica, kazhinji kazhinji kuchifutunura kusvika kwehurumende yehurumende.Apo nyika dzinoramba dziri marabhoritari ane simba ehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, miitiro yokuedza inogona gare gare kugamuchirwa munyika kana kuti kurambwa chose chose.

Hurumende Inotonga: Kutarisira Zvibvumirano Zvenyika

Zviito zvayo zvinowanzoita sezviri kure, asi zvinoumba mamiriro ezveupfumi hwenyika yose uye zvinodzivirira kodzero dzevagari vemo vose.

Sachika Yemari Nechengeteko

Zvichida tapuro yakananga zvikurusa yehurumende paupenyu hwezuva nezuva inouya kupfurikidza namapurogiramu echengeteko yemari. Kana une basa, unodokuona zvamazvirokwazvo Federal Inssurance Conspiration Act (FICA) mutero pacheck yemitero iri yose. Iyi mari yomutero Sacial Security[, iyo inogovera kurega basa, urema, uye betsero kumakumi amamirioni eAmerica, uye Medicareas , iyo inogovera vanhu vane makore 65 navakuru zvikuru uye vamwe vaduku vane urema.

Hurumende yehurumende inotarisirawo Dare reNhamba yeMari yeMari yeFFLT Act yeCare . [FLT]FREDALD DEFREARS (FFUTATES)] COM [FFF]FRETAL COURC] , uye mari [[FLT:] inobudisira mari mari kubhangi rako kukwira kusvika ku $250 000, kugovera nokuvimbana mugadziriro yemari. Kana mari ikatadza, upfumi FFFF]FFFFFF] . . . . . . . . . .[FFLC.FFF. orgoct, procences cong procencelsement, kana kuti pavessssssswo mari ishation

Utano Hwako, Kuchengeteka, uye Mbango

Mangwanani oga oga, unovimba nemasangano ehurumende asingambofungisi. Paunodya bhokisi iroro rezviyo, Food and DRUGS Administration (FDA) inoiratidza zvakarurama uye yakachengeteka kuidya. Mvura yakachena inobuda papombi yako inodzorwa pasi pe [[FLT:] Save Act yemvura yeMutemo uye inodzorwa ne [[FLT]] ENTERNOR chitation forficial (EPA). Mhepo yaunofema inochekerera nemhaka yemipimo yemotokari nefeki.

Apo unotyaira motokari, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) inogadza mipimo yekotsekano yemotokari imene. Mugwagwa wakavakwa zvikurukuru namadhora ehurumende kubva ku Intertate Highway System [, chirongwa chemitezo yehurumende. [[FLT:]FED]FED Comment Commis Commissions (FCCC) inodzora mhepos yerediod recurea, terevhizheni, uye serura.

Ruramisiro yeNational Application System Namaruramiro Avagari Vemo

Gadziriro yedare rehurumende inobata mhaka dzinobatanidza mitemo yehurumende, kukakavadzana kwebumbiro remitemo, mutemo wenhau, uye rwisano pakati pehurumende. Masangano anotarisira kuchengetwa kwomutemo akadai se FBI, DEA, uye [FLT] ATF[F [FLT]]F[F]

Nenzira inopesana, hurumende yehurumende ndiyo inomanikidzira maruramiro avagari vemo zvikurukuru. Civil Rights Division of the Department of Justice inodzika mitemo inorambidza rusaruro rwakavakirwa padzinza, ruvara, rudzidziso, vatano, mavambo orudzi, uye urema. Ikoku kunobatanidza maruramiro okuvhota, dzimba dzakaenzana, uye kusvika kwakaenzana kudzidzo nebasa. Pasina iyi Hurumende inodzokera, nyika imwe neimwe yaigona (namagamuchidzanwa) kubvumira mitemo yediscricrious.

Hurumende: Injini Yokutonga Kwezuva Nezuva

Kana hurumende yehurumende ikagadza chikuva, hurumende dzehurumende dzinotungamirira mutambo wacho.

Dzidzo: Ibasa guru reHurumende

Dzidzo ibasa rinodhura zvikurusa nerinooneka rehurumende yehurumende. Nepo maruwa ezvikoro omunzvimbomo achibata mabasa ezuva nezuva, hurumende dzinogadza mipimo yedzidzo, kuraira, uye kugovera chikamu chikuru chemari yechikoro kupfurikidza nebhajeti rehurumende. Hurumende dzinosarudza pamusoro pemiitiro yemari iyo inowanzoparira misiyano mikuru pakati pemaruwa akapfuma nearombo. Mayunivhesiti ehurumende negadziriro dzemakoreji dzenzanga zvinodzidzisa uye zvinodzorwa namapazuro ehurumende uye zvinotsigirwa nehurumende. Nguva yemberi yemari yehurumende inobatana zvakananga nerevoreji redzidzo yavose.

Mumiririri, Karasimendi, uye Mhuri

Iwe unobata nehurumende nguva iri yose paunotyaira. Nzvimbo ye Motor Vehicles (DMV) isangano rehurumende rinodenha marezerezere okutyaira nemirairo yemotokari. Mapurisa ehurumende uye mugwagwa unoongorora mitemo yomumugwagwa. Mamiriro emigwagwa yenyika nebhuroho mutoro wakananga wehurumende.

Mitemo yehurumende ndiyo inosarudza zera repamutemo rewanano, zvikonzero zvokurambana, uye kodzero dzevabereki nevana dzokuchengeta vana kumatare ehurumende.

Utano Hwavose Nemasangano Enzanga

Nepo mari yehurumende yehurumende [[FLT: 0] Medicaid, inhau dzinoshandisa purogiramu, kuronga mwero yokusagona kuiswa nokubetsera mukati menhungamiro dzehurumende. Nenzira yakafanana, Nhengo yeVana yeUnishuwarensi yeUnishuwarensi (CHIP) ibasa rehurumende. Madhipatime outano anoita kunzverwa kwezvokudya, kutanga kwehosha, kugovera majekiseni, uye kuchengeta marekodhi anokosha (kubereka nemagwaro orufu). Iwo ndiwo mutsetse wokutanga wedziviriro munjodzi youtano yavose, kubva kumwaka wepfupfupfuvu kuCHOD-1919.

State Justice System: Dare Rokutanga

Inopfuura 95% yemhosva dzose dzapamutemo muUnited States dzinotongwa mumatare ehurumende. Kana ukabatanidzwa mutsaona yemotokari, kuputswa kwebvumirano, gakava remuridzi, kana kuti chatanuro, ungazviwana umene mudare rehurumende. matare ehurumende anodudzira mitemo yehurumende nemitemo yehurumende, izvo zvinogona kazhinji kazhinji kugovera dziviriro huru nokuda kwekodzero dzomunhu mumwe nomumwe kupfuura Bumbiro remitemo rehurumende.

Mutemo weutsotsi ibasa guru rehurumende. Hurumende nemapurisa omunzvimbomo anomanikidzira mitemo youtsotsi. Vachuchisi vehurumende vapa mhaka. Vadziviriri vehurumende vanomirira vapanduki. Matorongo ehurumende anobata inenge 90% yavagari vemo vakasungwa. Nzira iyo hurumende inobata nayo ruramisiro yetsotsi pamutemo kutongerwa kugadziridza mapurogiramu okudzorera.

Bhizimisi, Ricening, uye Kuchengetedza Mari Munharaunda

Nyika dzinoshanda savatungamiriri vezvemari navanosimudzira. Dzinogadza mitemo yokutanga nokushandisa bhizimisi. Nyanzvi dzemaminitsi((nzvero) nokuda kwavanachiremba namagweta kusvikira kuvagadziri vepombi, vagadziri vemagetsi, uye vagetsi) dzinoitwa pamwero wehurumende. Hurumende dzinodzora makambani einishuwarenzi, masheya ehurumende, masangano ezvokushandisa upfumi hwehurumende, uye kutengeserana nzvimbo chaidzo. Dzinogadzawo mari shoma, iyo inowanzopfuura mwero wehurumende.

Kushandira Pamwe, Kukakavadzana, uye Simba Rechitoro

Mitemo miviri yacho yakabatana zvikuru, zvichiita kuti pave nokushandira pamwe uye kuoma kwepfungwa.

Fiscal Federalism: Nheyo Dzakabatanidzwa

Hurumende yehurumende inoshandisa pesvedzero huru pamusoro pomutemo wenyika kupfurikidza nesimba rayo rokushandisa. Apo hurumende yehurumende inopa chibvumikiso kuhurumende nokuda kwedonzo chairo(songedzero) migwagwa yokuvaka kana kuti kufutunura Medicaid (inowanzouya nemigariro yakaoma. Mitemo inofanira kuwirirana nemirairo yehurumende yokugamuchira mari. Iyi pfungwa, inozivikanwa se "fiscal unistism," inobvumira hurumende yehurumende kugadza zvokutanga zvenyika (se nhambo ye55 mph kana kuti nhambo yenhambo yegore re 21 rokunwa) kupfurikidza nemari inodzorwa kupfurikidza nemari inodzivisa kuramba.

Kuzvinyengera uye Kuzvidzwa

Apo mutemo wehurumende unorwisana zvakananga nomutemo wehurumende wehurumende, mutemo wehurumende unokunda. Uyu muenzaniso wakatanhamara irwisano pakati pemitemo yehurumende inoita kuti mbanje ive yapamutemo neGuionted Substances Act, iyo inoumba mbanje seShederlm I isiri pamutemo. Hurumende yehurumende kazhinji kazhinji inobvumira hurumende kushandisa mitemo yavo vamene yecannabis nemhaka yezviwanikwa zvakaganhurirwa uye kuisa mutemo pakutanga, asi kuoma kwemitemo kunoramba kuripo. Iyi nheyo yeparation inovimbisa chinzwano chorudzi munharaunda huru asi inogona kuva manyuko okukwendengedza.

Nyika Semasangano Ehurumende Inosarudzwa Nehurumende Inosarudzwa Navanhu

Mutongi Louis Brandeis akacherekedza nenzira yakakurumbira kuti "hurumende ingabatira, kana vagari vayo vakasarudza, serabhoritari; uye edza kuedza kwetsika dzenzanga nedzemari pasina ngozi kurutivi rwose rwenyika. Iyi ndiimwe yamasimba makurusa ehurumende yeAmerica. Nyika isina kuroora inogona kutanga muitiro wakadai sokuchinja garikano muWisconsin, kuchinja kwezvoutano muMassachusetts, kana kuti mipimo yecarbon muCalifornia / kuti kana ibudirira, inogona kugamuchirwa nemimwe mitezo kana kuti kunyange hurumende yomubatanidzwa. Iyi itsva inokudzwa inobvumira kugadziridzwa kwetsika yetsika inogadziridzwa kumipimo yeruwa nezvinodikanwa.

Kubatanidzwa Muchibvumirano Chinoshanda Mugadziriro Yehurumende

Kunzwisisa kukamukana kwesimba rehurumende nerehurumende hakusi kungodzidza chete, chishandiso chinoshanda kuita kuti inzwi rako rinzwiwe uye rigadzirise. Kuziva * kuti * ndiani * anoita * kuti zvii* zvikugonese kuita kuti unyatsobvuma zvauri kutaura.

Ziva Vamiririri Vako Munzvimbo Iri Yose

Vagari vazhinjisa vanogona kutumidza Modhendi weguta zita zviri nyore, asi vashomanene vanoziva mutezo wavo wedare reguta, mumiriri wehurumende, kana kuti mutezo wedare rechikoro. Chinongova ichi vakuru vakuru vomunzvimbomo nevehurumende vanoita zvisarudzo zvine tapuro yapakarepo pamitero yezvinhu zvako, zvidzidzo zvechikoro chomwana wako, uye mapurisa ako omunzvimbomo. Wana kuti ndiani anokumirira pamwero uri wose wehurumende. USA.gov inogovera chishandiso chakakwana chokuzivisa muteshi wako, nyika, Hurumende, uye vakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa vomunzvimbomo.

Nyatsoziva Rodhi Rako Rehurumende Nemakwikwi Omunzvimbomo

Voter itsika muhurumende uye sarudzo dzomunzvimbomo dzinoenzana nesarudzo dzamapurezidhendi. Ikoku kunoreva kuvhota kwako kunotora mutoro mukuru zvikuru. Sanorai misoro kumitezo yenyu yehurumende, gavhuna, uye gweta guru. Iyi nzvimbo inobata simba guru pamusoro pekudzosa, ruramisiro youtsotsi, mitemo yokuvhota, uye dzidzo. Mitemo yehurumende inobvumira vagari vemo kuisa mitemo yakananga panhau dzinovambira pamutero kusvikira kurusando wapamutemo. National Conference of State Legisttures (NCS) inodzika iyi miganhuro yemitemo yemitemo yemitemo yemitemo, uye dzidzo. uye inogona kukubetsera kunzwisisa chiri pabholoti yako.

Batanidza Nomwoyo Wakananga Nezvemasangano

Masangano ehurumende pamitengo yose iri miviri anodikanwa kutevera mutoo wokuita utongi hwavose. Apo sangano rehurumende rakadai se EPA kana kuti sangano remhoteredzo rehurumende rinokarakadza murairo mutsva, ivo vanodikanirwa pamutemo kuzarura nhambo yetsinhiro dzavose. Kupa tsinhiro inosanofungwa, zvimwe somunhu mumwe kana kuti nokuda kwesangano, kunogona kuva netapuro chaiyoiyo pamutemo wokupedzisira. Iyi inzira yakananga yokupesvedzera nayo kunze kwechirongwa chesarudzo.

Shanda Pachikoro uye Kupinda Mumisangano Yavose

Bazu redare rehurumende rinotsamira zvakananga kuvagari vemo kupfurikidza nebasa redare rinobetsera vatongi. Kubatira mudare rinobetsera vatongi ndeimwe yenzira huru zvikurusa yokutora rutivi mugadziriro yokuzvitonga. Pamwero womunzvimbomo, kupinda misangano yemakurukota eguta, misangano yedare rechikoro, uye kuronga kutongwa kwedare kunoti kugone kukubvumira kutaura zvakananga kuvanhu vanoita zvisarudzo pamusoro penzanga yako. Kazhinji kazhinji, boka duku, rinowirirana ravagari vemo vanogona kuva nepesvedzero inopfuura mitoo yomunzvimbomo.

Mugumo: Mugari Wemo Akaumbwa

Ukama pakati pehurumende dzehurumende nehurumende hahusi kure, hahusi hwechisipo. Kupfurikidza nokunzwisisa gadziriro inoshanda yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu yeAmerica, kutema kuti ndiani anounganidza mitero yako, kuti vana vako vakadzidza sei, kuti utano hwako hunodzivirirwa sei, uye kuti ruramisiro inobatirwa sei. Nepo gadziriro yacho inogona kuva yakaoma uye pane dzimwe nguva kurwisana, gadziriro yayo inogovera mapfundo akawanda okupinda nokuda kwomugari wemo akapindwa. Kupfurikidza nokunzwisisa kuvakwa kwehurumende dzehurumende, unogona kuri nani kushandisa mabasa aunotsamira paari, kuchengeta vakuru vakuru vakuru vakuru vakakodzera vanozvidavirira, uye kudzosa simba rako umene ravagari vemo umo ichava netapuro hurusa. Simba retsika inogariro nguva dzose inotsamira pakuziva navanhu vanoshingaira, vanokwanisa kunzwisisa uye kudzora hurumende dzinodzora upenyu hwavo hwezuva nezuva.