Table of Contents

Sarudzo yaPurezidhendi inomirira mumwe wemiitiro mikurusa yedemocracy muUnited States, ichibatira somutoo uyo vagari vamo vanosarudza nawo mukuru mukurusa wenyika yavo. Hurumende inotungamirira izvi sarudzo kupfurikidza negadziriro yakaoma yakarongeka asi yakasanorongwa kudzikamisa ruramisiro, chengeteko, uye kumirira. Kunzwisisa kuti basa rapurezidhendi rokusarudza rinobetsera sei vagari vemo kutora rutivi nenzira inobudirira zvikuru muichiicho choudzori cheAmerica.

Kunzwisisa Electoral College System

Kusafanana nezvimwe zvisarudzo zvizhinjisa muUnited States, sarudzo yapurezidhendi haishandi pagadziriro yakakurumbira yokuvhota. Panzvimbo pezvo, Electoral College muitiro wakatangwa nokutangwa kwaMadzibaba muBumbiro reMitemo, murutivi sokubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira pakati pesarudzo yaPurezidhente nevhota yaPuerces kupfurikidza nevhoti yakakurumbira yavagari vemo vakakwaniriswa. Iyi tsika yechienzi yakaumba sarudzo yapurezidhendi weAmerica kwamazana anopfuura maviri amakore.

Kubatanidzwa Kunoita Miti Yemari

Electoral College ine 538 vavhoti, uye mavhoti 270 akasarudzwa anodikanwa kuvhota Purezidhendi. Hurumende imwe neimwe inowana vavhoti vakawanda semabatirwe ainoita mitezo yeCongress (Imba neDare), uko kunoreva nhamba yamavhoti avhoti pahurumende panzvimbo imwe inosiyana pavagari vemo. Ruwa rweColumbia runogoverwa vasaruri 3 uye runobatwa seHurumende nokuda kwezvinangwa zveElectoral College muPrincial 23 Delete yeBumbiro reMitemo.

Iyi gadziriro yokugovera inoreva kuti nechiverengero chikuru chavagari vemo chine vhoti dzakawanda dzinosarudzwa. Somuenzaniso, California, ine vagari vemo vane vanenge mamirioni makumi mana, ine vhoti dzavavhoti vana nemhaka yokuti ine vamiriri vaviri vaviri vakamirira naVarevi vaviri, nepo Delaware, vane chiverengero chavanhu chinopfuura zvishomanene chinopfuura mirioni chine vhoti nhatu nokuti ine Mumiriri mumwe muCongress uye vaSanisi vaviri.

Muwine Tora zvose. Zviteshi zveProportical System

Madokero mazhinjisa ane gadziriro "mutoreri-all" iyo inopa vavhoti vose kuna Purezidhendi uyo anowana vvutisiro yakakurumbira yeHurumende. Ikoku kunoreva kuti kunyange kana muda kuroora akawana nyika nechekurutivi rwakatetepa, vanogamuchira zvose zvevhoti dzehurumende iyoyo. Zvisinei, Maine naNebraska mumwe nomumwe ane mhando yakasiana ye "proportational", apo vvuti dzechisarudzo dzinogona kupatsanurwa pakati pavatendi vemiuyo yeruwa.

Nguva Yokuita Zvinhu Nechokufambisa

Muitiro weElectoral College unobatanidza kusarudzwa kwavavhoti, musangano wavavhoti apo vanosarudza Purezidhendi naMuvigiri Purezidhendi, uye kuverenga vhoti dzevhoti dzinosarudzwa naCongress. Apo uvhotera mutengi waPrezidhendi uri kuvhotera chaizvoizvo vavhotera vasaruri vanodiwa nomuvhotisi, kwete zvakananga nokuda kwomuvhoti wacho amene.

Pashure pesarudzo yavose, chikwereti chinohwinwa chavavhoti chinosangana mudzimbahwe rehurumende ndokukanda zvivhoti zviviri zvaPurezidhendi uye chimwe chaPrezidhendi. Congress inosangana muChirongwa chaMany makore mana ari ose pana January 6 p.m. kuvhota muElectoral College, Vice Purezidhenti achigara achitungamirira musangano uye achizarura vhoti kubva kuhurumende imwe neimwe munhevedzano yemabhii, kuzvipfuudza kuvana vana vanozivisa miuyo, uye pakuguma kwokuverenga, Mutungamiriri weSanihedhemoni anozivisa zita raPurezidhenta anotevera.

Zvinodiwa Pakunyoresa Nezvinoitwa

Vagari vemo vasati vagona kutora rutivi musarudzo yapurezidhendi, vanofanira kupedza mutoo wokunyoresa. Munyika dzose kunze kweNorth Dakota, unofanira kunyoreswa kuti uvhote muvhoti. Iyi nhano inokosha inovimbisa kuvimbika mukusarudza nepo ichigonesa vagari vemo vakakodzera kushandisa maruramiro avo ebumbiro remitemo kuti vavhote.

Zvinodikanwa Zvikuru Zvokuva Akakodzera

Zvinodikanwa zvokuzvigona zvinosiana nehurumende, asi kuti zvive zvinonyoreswa kuvhota, unofanira kuva mugari weUnited States. Nyika zhinjisa dzinodawo vavhoti kuva naanenge makore 18 okukura paZuva Rokusarudza, kunyange zvazvo dzimwe nyika dzichibvumira varakasha vane makore 17 kunyoresa kana vachasvitsa 18 pamberi pekuvhota kwavose. Zvinodikanwa zvokuwedzera zvingabatanidza kugara muhurumende kwenhambo yakati uye, muzvimwe zviitiko, kudzorerwa kwamaruramiro okuvhota nokuda kwavanhu vane zvitendero zvakati zvoutsotsi.

Mitoo Yokunyoresa

Unogona kunyoresa kuvhota mutsamba, neposi, uye munyika dzakawanda paIndaneti. NVRA, inozivikanwawo semutemo we "motar-voter," inoda kuti nyika dzigovere kunyoresa kwetsamba muvhoti uye kutanga miitiro yokuvhota nokuda kwevagari vakakodzera mumadhipatimendi emotokari uye pane mamwe masangano enyika. Ikoku kunoita kuti kunyoreswa kuve nyore zvikuru kupfurikidza nokubvumira vagari vemo kunyoresa apo vanowana kana kuti kuvandudza marezerobhanisi avo omutyairi.

Muzviitiko zvakawanda, uchada rezinesi rokutyaira kana kuti id yehurumende kuti unyorese kuvhota, uye kana usina zvimwe zveizvi, ungakwanisa kugovera mamwe marudzi ezvinyorwa, kubatanidza chibvumirano chebhangi kana kuti mari inoshandiswa, asi magwaro anodiwa aunofanira kunyoresa anosiyana nehurumende.

Mazita Akafa Anonyoreswa

Hakuna musi unonyoresa wevhoti yorudzi, uye mune dzimwe nyika, zuva rokupedzisira rokunyoresa mazuva 30 pamberi poMusi Wekusarudza, nepo mune dzimwe nyika, unogona kunyoresa paZuva reNzvimbo yoKusarudza. Zvichitsamira pahurumende yako, nguva yokunyoresa kuti uvhote ingava yakawanda semwedzi mumwe pamberi pekuvhota. Vagari vemo vanofanira kunzvera zvinodikanwa zvavo chaizvo hurumende pachine nguva mberi chesarudzo ipi neipi kuti vave nechokwadi chokuti vanosvitsa miganhu yose.

Kuramba Uchinyoresa

Unofanira kuvandudza kunyoresa kwako muvhoti pashure pechinjo yekero, ungave wakatamira muruwa kana kuti muhurumende. Kunyoresa kwako kungaratidzirwa "kusashanda" kana usina kuvhota munenge mavhoti maviri ehurumende uye hauna kupindura apo vakuru vakuru vesarudzo vakaedza kukusvika. Vasarudzo vanofanira kusimbisa mugariro wavo wokunyoresa panhambo nenhambo kuva nechokwadi chokuti vanoramba vakakodzera kuvhota.

Nyika dzakawanda dzinodawo kuti unyorese nebato rezvamatongerwe enyika kuti rivhote muvhoti huru. Apo unonyoresa kuvhota, dzimwe nyika nenharaunda dzingabvunza pamusoro pebatano yako yebato rezvamatongerwe enyika, uye munyika nendima dzine majeri akavharwa, unogona bedzi kuvhota musarudzo huru yebato rako, kunyange zvazvo mukusarudzawo zvako, unogona kuvhotera muvhoti upi noupi pasinei zvapo nesonganiro yako.

Muitiro WaPurezidhendi Weposa neCaucus

Sarudzo yavose isati yaitwa, mabato ezvamatongerwe enyika anofanira kusarudza zvibvumirano zvavo kupfurikidza nenhevedzano yamakwikwi enzvimbo yehurumende. Uyu muitiro wokuisa urume unobatanidza maprime namakapusiti zvinochengetwa munyika dzose 50 nendima dzeU.S., zvikurukuru kuvamba muchando chapakuvamba uye kupfuurira kusvikira mukupera kwechirimo chegore resarudzo.

Kusarudza Kukuru

Sarudzo huru dzinoshanda zvakafanana kusarudzo dzavose, navavhoti vachiisa mabhorati panzvimbo dzokuvhota kuti varatidzire mutevedzeri wavo anodiwa nokuda kwokuiswa kwebato ravo. Mitemo inoitisa maprimriti pamisi yakasiana- siyana, ichiita muitiro wezvinokosha unobvumira vadaviri kuvaka simba kana kuti kubviswa sezvo mwaka unofambira mberi. Dzimwe nyika dzinoisa nzvimbo apo muvhoti upi noupi akanyoreswa anogona kutora rutivi, nepo dzimwe dzinovhara maprimendi adzorwa kumitezo yebato inonyoreswa.

Macaucuuse

MaCaucuse anomirira chimiro chikuru chokusarudza kutora nokuda kwechikamu uko mitezo yebato inoungana pamisangano yomunzvimbomo kukurukura ndokutaura zvido zvavo. Izvi zvinoitika zvinoda kuzvipira kwenguva yakawanda kubva kuvatori rutivi asi zvinobvumira kurangarira kwakananga nenyengetedzo pakati pavavhoti. Nyika shoma dzinoshandisa macoucuuses kana kuti maprime, asi dzinoramba dziri rutivi runokosha rwemuitiro wokuzvibatanidza munyika dzakati.

Tumirai Altafication

Vose vari vaviri vaparidzi navanotutuma mibayiro kunhume kuvana vanoda kufunda vakavakirwa pamiuyo. Nhume idzi dzinopinda kokorodzano yenyika yavo yebato, yaiwanzoitwa muzhizha pamberi pesarudzo yavose, umo ivo vanoisa pachena kuva purezidhendi webato navedzeri vevapindi veboka. Nhamba yenhume imwe neimwe inogamuchira inotsamira pazvinhu kubatanidza chiverengero chavagari vemo uye mubato muchisarudzo chakapfuura muruwa irworwo.

Mari Nemitemo Zvehondo

Hurumende inoronga mari yezvirongwa zvehurumende kuti itsigire uori uye kudzivirira uori, kunyange zvazvo urongwa hwacho hwakachinja zvinoshamisa mumakumi emakore apfuura.

Boka Rokusarudza Rokutarisira

Federal Envotion Commission (FEC) inobatira sesangano rokuzvimirira rinotonga rinozvimirira rine mutoro wokushandisa nokusimbisa mutemo wehurumende wezvemari.

Miganhu Yezvipo Nezvinopinzwa

Mitemo iyi inovavarira kudzivisa vapi vemipiro vapfumi kuva nepesvedzero isingaenzaniswi pavanoda kutevedzerwa. Mishandirapamwe inofanira kuzivisa pachena vapi vayo nendyiko, ichibvumira vagari vemo navanyori venhau kunzvera manyuko enhimbe.

Kufamba Munzira Yavose

Gadziriro yemari yapurezidhendi inopa vapiwi vemari vapiwi kugovera chisarudzo chokugamuchira mari yavose nokuda kwenhimbe dzavo kana vakabvumirana kupedzera ganhuriro nezvimwe zvinodikanwa. Iyi gadziriro, inotsigirwa kupfurikidza necheki yokuzvidira pamutero womubatanidzwa wehurumende, yakarongedzerwa kuderedza rutsamiro rwavadaviriri pavapi vomunhu oga.

Mapaundi makuru Nezvinonetsa

Political Action Committes (PAC) naSuper PACs vanogona kumutsa ndokushandisa mari kutsigira kana kuti kushora, kunyange zvazvo vachifanira kushanda nenzira yokuzvimirira munhimbe dzapamutemo. MaPACIFUNGIDZIRO makuru anogona kugamuchira mipiro isina kuganhurirwa inobva kuvanhu vamwe navamwe, masangano, uye mibatanidzwa, asi haagoni kutsinhirana zvakananga navadaviri kana kuti nhimbe dzavo. Uku kutsigira mari yenhimbe kwakaparira gakava rinokosha pamusoro pebasa remari mune zvamatongerwe enyika.

Mibato Yenhimbe Yokusarudza

Nhimbe dzapurezidhendi dzinoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana - siyana kusvika vavhoti ndokukurukura mashoko avo. iyi mibato inowedzera sezvo Zuva Rokusarudza rinoswedera, navada kutora rutivi navatsigiri vavo vachishanda kunyengetedza vavhoti vasina kutungamirirwa ndokusimudzira nzvimbo yavo.

Kurwisa Nezviitiko

Misangano mikuru inogona kupa simba vatsigiri uye kuita kuti zviitiko zviduku zvigone kuita kuti vavhoti vabatane zvakananga nevanhu vanovhota.

Gakava RaPurezidhendi

Nharo dzinoratidzwa paterevhizheni pakati pevanoda kukwikwidza pabato guru dzinomirira nhambo dzinokosha munhimbe dzapurezidhendi. Commission on Prezidential Detaintions, sangano risingapinduri mhindu, rinowanzotsigira gakava dzinoverengeka pakati pebato guru, pamwe chete nekurukurirano yezvakaipa. Izvi zvinoitika zvinopa vadaviri mukana wokusiyanisa nzvimbo dzavo, kuratidzira zivo yavo nechimiro chendangariro, uye kusvika mamiriyoni avateereri panguva imwe chete.

Zvinobudisa Mashoko Nokushambadza

Nhimbe dzapurezidhendi dzinoshandisa zvikuru terevhizheni, redhiyo, magetsi, uye kudhinda kuti dzisvike vavhoti. Nhimbe dzazvino uno dzinosimbisa zvikuru kushambadza kwemakombiyuta nezvinobudisa nhau kuti zvidenhe mapoka akati evagari vemo nenzvimbo dzenzvimbo.

Mutambo Wapasi Nejecha

Nhimbe dzinobudirira dzinovaka mabasa makuru okuzivisa vatsigiri, kunyengetedza vavhoti vasina kurongeka, uye kuva nechokwadi chokuti vatsigiri vavo vanovhota zvomenemene. Mutambo wapachivanze unobatanidza kuvhara misuo nembavarira, kubhangidza runhare, kutumira mameseji, uye bhasikoro rokunyoresa.

Muitiro Wokutakurika

Zvisinei, basa rokuvhota chaizvoizvo rinopfuura zuva rimwe chete, uye vavhoti vakawanda vanokanda mavhoti pamberi poMusi Wokusarudza wegamuchidzanwa.

Kuzivisa Zuva Rokusarudza

Zuva reSarudzo reImba iChipiri chokutanga pashure poMuvhuro wokutanga muna November mumakore akatowanda, uye Zuva Rokusarudza Dare riri pazuva rimwe chetero sarudzo rweImba inotevera inotangira mugumo wenhambo yeSangano. Sarudzo yaPurezidhendi inotevera rudungwe rumwe cheterwo, ruchiitika makore mana ari ose. PaZuva roKuvhota. PaZuva reEcomment, muvhoti anoenda kunzvimbo dzavo dzokuvhotera, anobvumikisa kunyoresa kwavo, uye anokanda mabhora avo.

Nzvimbo dzokushambadzira dzinowanzova muzvikoro, nzvimbo dzenzanga, maraibhurari, uye zvimwe zvivako zvavose. Vakuru vakuru vemivhoti vanonzvera uzivi hwevavhoti nenzvimbo yokunyoresa vasati vagovera mabhorati. Voter vanozoratidzira zvisarudzo zvavo pamapepa kana kuti zvimwe kushandisa michina yokuvhota, zvichitsamira pazvishandiso zvavo zvebutiro renyika.

Kutanga Kurutsa

Miganhu yokuvhota yapakuvamba inogovera nhambo dzokuvhota dzinobvumira vavhoti vakanyoreswa kuisa mavhoti pamunhu pamberi poMusi Wokusarudza. Nhambo dzokuvhota dzokukurumidza dzinosiyana nehurumende, kubvira pamazuva mashomanene kusvikira kumavhiki anoverengeka pamberi pesarudzo.

Kutumirwa Kwetsamba Nokutengeswa Kwetsamba

Kuvhota kweAbosee kunobvumira vavhoti vakanyoreswa kukumbira kuti vapiwe tsamba, iyo vanopedzisa ndokudzokera netsamba kana kuti nomunhu pamberi poMusi Wokusarudza. Kana uri mugari weU.S. anogara kunze kweU.S., unogona kunyoresa kuvhota nokukumbira muroti anenge asipo kupfurikidza nokupedza Federal Post Card App, uye kana uri mutezo wemauto eU.S. kana kuti mhuri yemauto, unogonawo kushandisa FPCA kuvhota nokukumbira mubhengi anenge asipo.

Dzimwe nyika dzakashandisa gadziriro dzepasi pose dzokuvhota umo vavhoti vose vakanyoreswa vanogamuchira mavhoti nenzira inozvidira neposi. Dzimwe nyika dzinoda vavhoti kugovera chikonzero chokukumbira muroti wokusiiwa. Voter vanofanira kutevera miitiro yakananga yokupedza nokudzorera mapepa okuvhota, kubatanidza kusaina hamvuropu dzevhoti nemirauriro yokudzosera.

Kuziva Zvinodiwa Kuti Uve Nemashoko Anokosha

Nyika dzinogadza zvinodikanwa zvadzo dzimene zvokuvhota zvimene zvizivikanwo, izvo zvinosiana zvikuru munyika. Dzimwe nyika dzinoda vavhoti kupa chizivikanwo chemifananidzo panzvero, nepo dzimwe dzichigamuchira zvimiro zvisiri zvamafanikiso okuzivisa kana kuti dzichibvumira vavhoti kusimbisa kuzivikanwa kwavo kupfurikidza nemimwe mitoo yakadai sokusaina muvhoti. Izvi zvinodikanwa zvinovavarira kudzivisa kuvhota apo kuvimbisa vavhoti vakakodzera zvinogona kukanda mavhoti.

Kuwanwa nenzvimbo dzokugara

Ziva kodzero dzako nepokuvhotera zvinodzivirirwa nomutemo. Mutemo weFederal unoda nzvimbo dzokuvhota kuti dzisvikike kuvavhoti vane urema, uye vakuru vakuru vesarudzo vanofanira kugovera pokugara zvakadai sokuvhota padivi rependi, michina yokuvhota inosvikika, uye betsero kuvavhotera vanoda betsero yokunyora matura avo. Haudi kero yokumusha kuti unyorese nokuvhota, uchivimbisa kuti vagari vasina musha vanogona kushandisa maruramiro avo okuvhota.

Kuchengetedza Kusarudza uye Kuperera

Kuchengetedzwa uye kuperera kwesarudzo yapurezidhendi mutoro wehurumende wakakomba.

Kuchengeteka Kwebharuti

Vakuru vakuru veSarudzo vanoshandisa matanho akawanda okudzivirira marobhoti okuvhota. Matanho aya anobatanidza kuchengetedzwa kwakachengeteka kwemabhorati asina chinhu pamberi pekuvhota, miitiro yecheni yerobhoti yapedzwa, zvidhindo zvinooneka pabhokisi rebhorati nemichina yokuvhotera, uye kuganhurirwa kusvika kunzvimbo dzinochengeterwa zvinhu. Maganhu akawanda anoshandisa nhamba dzemabhorati nemitoo yokuyananisa kuvimbisa kuti mabhora ose anyorwa.

Mipimo Yegadziriro Inochinja

EAC promullies yokuzvidira nhungamiro dzehurumende dzinozvidira — − Voing System Guides —tokubetsera nyika mukushandisa zvinodikanwa zvegadziriro dzokuvhota, uye nepo idzi nhungamiro dzichiri dzokuzvidira mumutemo wehurumende, nyika dzakawanda dzinoda kushandiswa kwemimwe kana kuti yose yeEAC yokuedza uye gadziriro yokunyora pasi pomutemo wehurumende, kupinza vatengesi vegadziriro yokuvhota kuti vagadzirire masangano avo kunhungamiro. Iyi mipimo inovara mipimo kuchengeteko, kururama, kuwanikwa, uye kudzokororwa kwezvishandiso zvokuvhotera.

Kuongorora uye Kucherechedza Kunoita Kusika

Masangano ezvamatongerwe enyika, vanoda kutora, uye vasingatori rutivi vanogona kusarudza vaoni kuti vachengete miitiro yokuvhota nokuverenga.ava vacherekedzi vanobetsera kuvimbisa miitiro inoteverwa zvakarurama uye vanogona kushuma kusaruranisa kuvakuru vakuru vesarudzo.

Dziviriro Dzokuchengeteka

Vakuru vakuru vevhota vanoshanda nemasangano ehurumende anochengetedza masangano ehurumende kuti adzivirire masarudzo panjodzi dzepaIndaneti. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuchengetedza mapepa okuvhota, kudzivirira masarudzo anoshuma usiku, uye kuvimbisa kuti michina yokuvhota haina kubatana paInternet. Kuongorora nguva dzose uye kugoverana mashoko pakati pehurumende kunobatsira kuziva uye kuisa mashoko pafoni.

Mitemo yePurefu yeSarudzo

Zvikamu zvakawanda zvinoongorora pashure pekuvhota kuti zvione kana mavhota ainyatsoverenga mavhota. Kuongorora uku kunosanganisira kuongorora nokunyora zvikamu zvepepa nokuenzanisa migumisiro nezvinenge zvaiswa mumuchina. Kuongorora njodzi, nzira inowedzera kukurumbira, kushandisa nzira dzemasvomhu kupa chivimbo chakakwirira mumigumisiro yokuvhota uku uchideredza nhamba yemapepa anofanira kuhwirudzurwa nemaoko.

Kuverenga Nokutenderera

Pashure pokunge kunzvera kwapera, vakuru vakuru vesarudzo vanovamba muitiro wokuverenga mavhoti nemigumisiro inonyandura. Uyu muitiro unofanira kuva wakarurama uye unojeka kuti vave nechokwadi chechivimbo chevoruzhinji mumuuyo.

Mipimo Yapakuvamba

Panzvimbo imwe neimwe yokuvhota, vashandi vesarudzo vanovhara mavhota panguva yakagadzwa ndokuvamba kuverenga mavhoti. Nokuda kwemitemo inoshandisa michina yokuvhota yemagetsi, uyu muitiro unobatanidza mishumo yetepi inobva mumuchina mumwe nomumwe uye kuyananisa nhamba yavavhoti vakanzvera nenhamba yamabhora anokandwa. Nokuda kwevatambi vepepa, vashandi vanodyisa mabharati kupfurikidza nemichina yescan yeopaglet kana kuti vaaverenge nemaoko, kuchitsamira pamaitiro omunzvimbomo.

Kuchengetedza Kukuru

Migumisiro inobva munzvimbo dzokuvhota dzinopfuudzwa kumahofisi esarudzo, uko vakuru vakuru vanobudisa hwerengedzo. Uku kufambisa kungaitika nekombiyuta kupfurikidza negadziriro dzakachengeteka kana kuti mumuviri kupfurikidza nokupiwa makadhi eyeuko kana kuti mapepa. Vakuru vakuru veSangano vanosimbisa kuti miuyo inobva munzvimbo imwe neimwe yakagamuchirwa ndokuyananisa kusawirirana kupi nokupi pamberi pokubudisa miuyo isina kujeka.

Kuronga kutumira tsamba ne Matsamba muBallots

Mabhuroku etsamba nerokunyora zvinoda matanho okuwedzera pakuronga vasati vaverenga. Vakuru vakuru vemivhoti vanofanira kusimbisa kusaina pahamvuropu dzecolot, kuva nechokwadi chokuti marobhoti akagamuchirwa nenguva, uye kubvisa mabhorati mumahamvuropu avo vasati vatarira kana kuti kuaverenga. Dzimwe nyika dzinovamba muitiro uyu usati wasvika Zuva roKusarudza, apo dzimwe dzinomira kusvikira kuvhota dzoswedera. Ruwara rwetsamba mumabhora runogona kutapura zvikuru kuti migumisiro yokupedzisira inowanika nokukurumidza sei.

Mabharati Anogovera Mazano

Vatambi vane kuoma kwemifungo kusingagoni kusimbiswa nokukurumidza pamavhota angakanda mavhoti anogoverwa. Vakuru vakuru vemivhoti yechisarudzo vanonzvera aya marobhoti pashure poMusi weKusarudza kuti vaone kana achifanira kuverengwa. Zvikonzero zvinowanzova namavhoti ezvirongwa zvinosanganisira vavhoti vane mazita asingaonekwi pamapepa okunyoresa kana kuti vasina kuzivikanwa. Chisarudzo chemabhuku ezvirongwa chinogona kutora mazuva anoverengeka kana kuti mavhiki.

Kushongedza uye Kuva Netsamba

Pashure pokuverenga kwokutanga, vakuru vakuru vesarudzo vanotungamirira mapepa ehurumende kuti vaone kana kuti vapedzise migumisiro. Muitiro uyu unobatanidza kuyanana mavhoti ose, kupedza kusawirirana kupi nokupi, uye kuvimbisa kuti machira ose anenge aitwa apera. Kana machira angova akakwana, vakuru vakuru vakuru vehurumende vanovimbisa migumisiro yacho, vova vakuru vakuru. Hurumende inoisa Gwaro reHurumende imwe neimwe kuti igadze vavhoti vakasarudzwa muvhota.

Mashoko Nemakwikwi Okusarudza

Apo migumisiro yesarudzo inofungidzirwa kuva pedyo zvikuru kana kuti kusawirirana, denho dzemitemo dzingaitika.

Mashoko Anongoitika Oga

Nyika dzakawanda dzine mitemo inoda kutevedzerwa kunoitika kwoga apo mucheto worukundo unowira pasi pechikumbaridzo chakati, kazhinji kazhinji 0.5% kana kuti 1% yamavhoti. Idzi dzinorondedzera kazhinji kazhinji dzinobatanidza kudzokororwa kwemarovha ose anoshandisa mitoo yakafanana neyokutanga, kunyange zvazvo mamwe mativi anodzora achirondedzera marobhoti ose.

Nhauro Dzakakumbirwa

Vavhoti vangakumbira kuti vaonekwe mumashoko okuti vabvumire, dzimwe nguva kubhadhara mari kana micheto inopfuura zvimwe zvikumbaridzo.Kingdores anotevera miitiro yakafanana nemifananidzo inongoerekana yaitwa asi ingangogumira kunzvimbo dzakati kana kuti nzvimbo dzinonzi dzinonzi dzisiri dzechokwadi.

Matambudziko Epamutemo

Makwikwi aya angapa mitongo yokubiridzira migumisiro yesarudzo kana kuti miitiro. angakanganisa kuverengera, kuramba zvirongwa zvisina kufanira, kana kuti kuputswa kwemitemo yesarudzo. Dare rinohwirudzura ufakazi uye ringarayira kuti zvizivikanwe, kuderedza mavhoti, kana kuti kuronga kusarudza kutsva.

Chibvumikiso Chokugadzirwa Kwemari yeLeta

Nhano yokupedzisira mumuitiro wokusarudza wapurezidhendi inoitika apo Congress anosangana kuti averenge ndokusimbisa mavhoti akasarudzwa anopiwa nenyika.

Kushanda Nemamwe Majoini

Congress inosangana murusando rwakabatana kuti iverenge mavhoti akasarudzwa (pasina Dare rinopa mutemo wokuchinja musi wacho kubva paChitanhatu kana kuti Svondo). Mukati morusando urwu, Mutungamiriri weSanihe, anoshanda saPurezidhendi weDare, anotungamirira panhau dzacho. vhoti dzehurumende dzinovhurwa ndokuverengwa munhevedzano yemahwendefa ehurumende.

Kuramba Zvinhu Zvisina Kufanira

Electoral Count Reform Act inokwidza mukana wokurangarira zvirambidzo kuvhota zvikamu zvitatu zveimba imwe neimwe panzvimbo pomumiriri mumwe. Apo zvirambidzo zvinosimudzirwa, Imba neDare zvakaparadzana kuti zvitsigire kuramba. Mahofisi ose ari maviri anofanira kubvumirana kuramba vhoti dzevhoti dzevhoti dzevhoti kuti varangwi vabudirire.

Kusarudza Kunoita

Kana zvirambidzo kuvhoti yevhoti yeSangano reSangano reSangano zvisina kusiya muvhoti yaPurezidhendi inenge 270, kana kuti kana ikoku kuri muuyo wesarudzo, ipapo mukuwirirana nePramende yechi12 yeGavhura, House of Scretation inosarudza sarudzo yaPrezidhendi kupfurikidza nokusarudza pakati pevhota nhatu dzapamusoro mukuwana pakati peElectoral College, namavhoti, nehurumende imwe neimwe ine vhoti imwe. Kana pasina Vice - revoti inowana panenge panenge 270 vota, ipapo mukuwirirana neDare rePurement Revess Resimendi re12 rePrence kupfurikidza nokusarudza Mutungamiriri weSanihedhedhezi kupfurikidza nokuvhota pakati pevhotera ruzhinji, nevoti mbiri dzapamusoro dzinowana voruzhinji, nedare rimwe nerimwe rine ane vvhoti rimwe nerimwe rine vhoti.

Basa Rehurumende Dzehurumende Nehurumende

Sarudzo yapurezidhendi inobatanidza kubatanidzwa kwakaoma pakati pechiremera chehurumende nehurumende, mwero mumwe nomumwe wehurumende ichiita mabasa akasiyana mumuitiro wacho.

Chiremera Chehurumende

Congress yakaita mitemo yakadai seNational Voter Brigister Act ya 1993 (NVRA) neHelp America Vote Act ya2002 (HARVA), iyo inoraira kuti hurumende itarisire sei mativi akati ebasa reSarudzo rehurumende, kubatanidza kunyoresa kwomuvhoti nokugadziriswa kwevhoti. Mutemo weFederal unosimbisawo musi wesarudzo yavose uye unogovera dziviriro nokuda kwekodzero dzokuvhota.

Kutarisira kweHurumende

Nyika imwe neimwe inoita sarudzo nenzira yakasiana. Mitemo ine mutoro mukuru wokuitisa sarudzo, kubatanidza kutanga nzvimbo dzokuvhota, kupinza vashandi vevhota, kugadzira mavhota, kutenga michina yokuvhota, uye kuverenga mavhoti. Iyi gadziriro yakaisvonaka inobvumira nyika kubvumiranisa miitiro yesarudzo nezvinodikanwa zvomunzvimbomo apo inosangana nezvinodikanwa zvehurumende.

Vakuru Vakuru Vezvisarudzo Zvomunzvimbomo

Vakuru vakuru vesarudzo veruwa nerenisiti vanobata kutarisirwa kwezuva nezuva kwesarudzo munyika zhinjisa. Ava vakuru vakuru vanotarisira kunyoresa kwomuvhoti, vanochengeta nzvimbo dzokuvhota, vanoshanda pakuvhota, uye vanoronga kuvhota. Basa ravo rinokosha kuvimbisa kuti sarudzo dzinodzorwa zvakanaka uye vavhoti vanogona kukanda mavhoti avo pasina mhinganidzo dzisiri madikanwa.

Matambudziko Nenharo Dzinopfuurira

Gadziriro yapurezidhendi yesarudzo inopfuurira kushanduka - shanduka savaiti vemiitiro, vatsigiri, uye vagari vemo vanokakavadzana mativi akasiana - siana emaitirwe asarudzo.

Electoral College Chinjo

Chireversi haasarurwi nevhoti yenyika asi neElectoral College, uye panhambo shanu, kubatanidza muzvisarudzo zviviri zvezvitanhatu zvokupedzisira, vada kutora vakahwina Electoral College, uye nokudaro vafundisi, pasinei zvapo nokurasikirwa nevhoti yenyika yose yakakurumbira. Kuzivisa Electoral College kungada chaizvoizvo kugadziriswa kwebumbiro remitemo, kunyange zvazvo nyanzvi namapoka anorwira kutsigira kutsigira National Popular Vote Intertate Conciation (NPV), nhamburiko yakatanga pashure pekuvhotanuro ya 2000.

Kuwana Kwokuzivisa

Gakava rinopfuuridzira pamusoro penzira yokudzikamisa nayo chengeteko yesarudzo nokuwana vhoti. Vatsigiri vemitemo inovhota yorumano vanodzivisa kubiridzira, nepo vatsoropodzi vachipikisa kuti vanoparira mhinganidzo dzisiri madikanwa nokuda kwavavhoti vakakodzera.

Kuronga Kuchinja Mari

Basa remari munhimbe dzapurezidhendi rinoramba richimutsa nharo, nekurukurirano dzinopfuurira pamusoro peganhuriro dzemipiro, zvinodikanwa zvokuzivisa, uye pesvedzero yeSuper PACs nemamwe mapoka ari kunze.Vachinji vanokarakadza chinjo dzakasiyana - siyana kuti vaderedze pesvedzero yavapi vakapfuma uye vawedzere kujeka.

Kuchengeteka Kwechisarudzo

Kunetseka pamusoro pokupindira kwedzimwe nyika, kutyisidzira kwemakombiyuta, uye mashoko asina kururama zvakakonzera kuti pave nezvirongwa zvokuchengetedza vhoti zvakawedzerwa.

Kukosha Kwokubatanidzwa

Kutora rutivi uku kunobatanidza kungoramba uchizivikanwa nezvevanoda kusarudzwa uye nhau, kuzvipira nokuda kwenhimbe, kushanda savashandi vokuvhota, uye kukurukura nyaya dzehurumende pamusoro peramangwana renyika yacho.

Dzidzo Yezviyo Zvepasi

Vaongorori vanofanira kuziva zvinodiwa pakunyoresa, nzira dzokuvhota nadzo, uye miganhu yenguva munyika dzavo.

Kuverenga Nokunyora Zvinobudisa Mashoko

Munguva ine mashoko akawanda uye mashoko asina kururama, vagari vemo vanofanira kuva nounyanzvi hwokuongorora kuvimbika kwezvinobudisa nhau uye kutaura kwezvamatongerwe enyika.

Kubatanidzwa Munzanga

Kupinda nzvimbo dzokunyoresa, kukurukura nhau nevavakidzani, uye kutora rutivi mukuita kuti vhoti inyoreswe kunosimbisa tsika dzehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu uye kubatsira kuita kuti sarudzo dziratidze kuda kwevanhu.

Zviwanikwa Zvevatambi Vemari

Hurumende yakawanda nezviwanikwa zvisiri zveparatisna inobetsera vagari vomunyika kutora rutivi musarudzo yapurezidhendi. Vov.gov inogovera mashoko akazara pamusoro pezvinodikanwa zvevhoti neganhuriro dzehurumende. U.S. Ecomment Consolation Commission[ inopa mibato pamusoro pemiitiro yokuvhota uye vatarisiri vesarudzo.

Hurumende nehofisi dzesarudzo dzomunzvimbomo dzinochengeta mawebsite ane mashoko ane udzame pamusoro penzvimbo dzokuvhota, zvisarudzo, uye miuyo yesarudzo. USA.gov inobatira sechiteshi chemikoto yezvisarudzo zvehurumende uye masangano kuhofisi dzesarudzo. National Archive [ inogovera mashoko makuru pamusoro pomuitiro weElectoral College nemist yenhaurom.

Masangano asingavhoti anopawo zviwanikwa zvinokosha, kubatanidza mashoko anoshandiswa nevavhoti, zvinobudisa nhau, uye maturusi okubetsera vagari vemo kuita zvisarudzo vachiziva. Kupfurikidza nokushandisa zvinhu izvi, vavhoti vanogona kushandisa basa rapurezidhendi nechivimbo ndokubetsera kusarudzwa kwoutongi hwehurumende kwomutungamiriri wenyika.

mhedziso

Sarudzo yaPurezidhendi inomirira gadziriro yakaoma asi yakagadzirwa nokungwarira yokusarudza mukuru mukuru wenyika. Kubva pakunyoresa kwemuvhoti kuElectoral College kuunzi college, nhanho imwe neimwe inokosha inobatira madonzo anokosha mukuvimbisa sarudzo dzakarurama, dzakachengeteka, uye dzinomirira. Nepo tsika inotarisana nedenho dzinopfuurira uye nharo pamusoro pekuchinja kungabvira, kunzwisisa kuti basa ramasarudzo rapurezidhendi rinogonesa sei vagari vemo kutora rutivi nenzira inobudirira mumuitiro wedemokramendi wehurumende yehurumende yavose. Kupfurikidza nokuvhota, kugara vachiziva pamusoro pevatengi, uye kuisa vasaruki, vaAmerica vanoshandisa mutoro wavo mukurusa wehurumende uye kugadziridza mufambiro wenyika yavo womunguva yemberi.