Denho Inopfuurira Yamagwenga Ezvokudya muAmerica Yazvino Uno

Zvokudya magwenga haasati achingovawo mazango pamepu — anomirira kuvakwa kwakadzika mumiganhu yomumaruwa uko kunosarudza miuyo youtano nokuda kwamamirioni eAmerica. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) inorondedzera sango rezvokudya seturakiti rakaderera rinotambirwa umo chiverengero chikuru chavagari vamo chinorarama kupfuura makiromita rimwe kubva pasupamaketi munharaunda dzomumaguta kana kuti anopfuura mamaira ane gumi mumaruwa. Makiromita 39.5 mamirioni eAmerica zvino anogara munharaunda dzakadaro, mukuwirirana ne DA]. Uku kushaikwa kwokuwana kunosunda mwero wakakwirira wezvokudya zvinogara zviripo nezvinopfuutsiranwa zvourombo. Madhekirwo anoda kuronga gadziriro inodzoro pamwe chete, chiito chomunzvimbomo, uye nzanga.

Chikonzero Nei Magwenga Ezvokudya Asina Kunaka Kwezvokudya

Kudyirana kwezvokudya kunoreva kuti munhu ari wose, pasinei zvapo nemari, rudzi, kana kuti nzvimbo yapasi, ane mukana wakakwana wezvokudya zvinobatanidza utano. Magwenga ezvokudya anoparadza iyi nheyo. Muidzi nzvimbo, zvokudya zvishomanene zvinowanika kazhinji kazhinji zvakaganhurirwa kuzvitoro zvekona, zviteshi zvegasi, uye zviteshi zvezvokudya zvinokurumidza izvo sherufu inoiswa musherufu, zvinhu zvakagadzirwa zvikuru zvine shuga, munyu, uye mafuta asina utano. Miriwo, zviyo, zviyo, uye mapuroteini asina kushatasiswa zvinodzivisa kana kuti kudhura.

Migumisiro yacho yakakomba. Nzvero 2020 yakabudiswa mu Affairs yakawana kuti vagari vomumagwenga ezvokudya vane ngozi huru ye20% yechirwere cheshuga uye 40% yengozi huru yechirwere cheshuga cherudzi 2 zvichienzaniswa nevagari vakanaka vanogara munzvimbo dzine masupamaketi anosvika. CDC yakaziva kwenguva refu kuti [ inoganhurira kusvika kuzvokudya zvakanaka iko kusingabvisi utano hwenzanga. Mashangamika nerwe echiFilish anotanu anotaputiswa nenzira isingadzokerwi: inenge 30% yedzimba dzevatema uye 25% dzemhuri dzechiSpanishi dzinorarama mumagwenga, maredhi, akatarisana ne16% edzimba dzechichena.

Kupinda Muzvokudya Nehosha Isingaperi

Apo zvokudya zvinovaka muviri zvisingawaniki, mutumbi unobhadhara mutengo. Diet-set yehosha dzinobatanidzwa nezvokudya zvinovaka muviri &mdash, sitiroko, BP, mamwe makenza — ndicho chisakiso chikuru chorufu muUnited States. Munharaunda dzegwenga rezvokudya, iyi mwero inokwira zvikuru. Vana muidzi nzvimbo sezvingabvira zvikuru vanova nekurumidziro yokukura kwakabatanidzwa nezvokudya zvisina utano, uye vakura vanotarisana nokurasikirwa kwokukurumidza nokuzvimirira nemhaka yezvokudya zvine chokuita nokuremara. Mutengo wemari mukuruwo: American Heart Association inofungidzira kuti zvokudya zvinoparira hosha dzinopfuurira zvinoparira zvinomanikidzira zvinobatanidza mari inopfunhanha $1.1 mabhiriyoni gore rimwe nerimwe mukutenga utano nokusha nokubereka.

Tsika Dzehurumende: Mupimo Wokutanga Wokugumbuka

Nyika dzine chiremera chakati chokudzosa mhoteredzo yezvokudya kupfurikidza nemitemo, kuronga, uye chiito chokuronga. Mumakumi maviri amakore apfuura, nhamba inowedzera yehurumende yakagadza mitemo yevavariro kuti ivhare mikana yokuwana uye kupfuudza zvokudya zvakafambira mberi. Iyi mirau inowira mumapoka anoverengeka: kurudziro dzemari, kupindira kwezvokugovera, uye kupinza mari mumitengo yezviteshi.

Zvikwereti Zvemitero Nezvinzvimbo Zviduku Zvokutengesa Zvikuru

Chishandiso chakananga zvikurusa chenzvimbo yehurumende ipurogiramu yechimbichimbi. New York State yakanyandura iyi nzira neyayo yeHeod Food & Healthy Communities, iyo inopa zvikwereti zvemitero, zvikwereti zvakaderera zvikurusa, uye inopa kuvashandisi vezvokudya vanodisa kuzarura munzvimbo dzakachengetwa. Chifo cha2010, purogiramu yakabetsera kutanga masupamaketi anopfuura 120 mugwenga rezvokudya munyika. New York &squo; Purogiramu yezvitoro inoda kuti zvitoro zvitsva zvigamuchire SNPAP (zvitambi zvezvokudya) nebetsero zveWiC, kuvimbisa kuva nemhindu yezviwiro zvavagari vemo vakaderera.

California &ssquo; California Healthy Food Financing Initiatiative zvakafanana (CALHFFI) inoshanda, ichigovera mamirioni anosvika $1, 000 muzvikwereti uye kupa mari nokuda kwechitoro chimwe nechimwe, varimi ’ misika, uye nzvimbo dzezvokudya zviri munzanga dzine mikana mishoma. Munyika dzose dziri mbiri idzi, gadziriro dzemari dzinoderedza ngozi yengozi yezvitengesi uye dzinoratidzira kuti mutengesi wezvokudya mutsva unogona kutengeswa munharaunda dzinoshaiwa zvikuru.

Kutsigira Ndyiko Yakananga Yezvitoro Zvinofambiswa Nemotokari uye Kuparadzirwa Kwezvokudya Zvitsva

Hakusi kurenje riri rose rezvokudya rinogona kutsigira supamaketi yakazara nokukurumidza. Misika yeMobile — marori ane travegers kana kuti mabhazi anogadzira nzira dzokutengesa zvinogadzirwa nezvokudya zvinovaka muviri — anopa chigadzikiso chebhurokwa rakapfava. Michigan, somuenzaniso, yakagovera mamiriyoni $5 muna 2022 kupfurikidza neFood Accession ne Equity Fund kutsigira mabasa okutengesa mumaruwa nomumataundi. Texas inofambisa nharaunda yeFood Mobiletry Market Pier Pilot, iyo inonangidzira nzanga muRio Grande Valley umo zvitoro zvamaawa zvakasiana. Iyi purogiramu inotakufamba navarabhurari vomunzvimbomo kuti ibudize, ichichengeta betsero dzemari muruwa.

Kuchengetedza Zvokudya Zvomunzvimbomo uye Murima Womumaruwa

Hurumende dzinogonawo kugadzira zvokudya zvinogadzirwa munzvimbo. Maryland akaita Maryland Food System Resiliency Council, iyo inogovera minda yenzanga, mapurazi omumaguta, uye gadziriro dzezvokudya dzakaenzana nedziduku dziri mumagwenga ezvokudya. Konqueror ’ mishumo muna 2023 yakapupurira wedzero ye 350% mukubudisa mubumbiro reguta ramapurazi muBaltimore mogate. Nenzira yakafanana, Illinois akatanga Urbarlin Agriculture Program kuti itsikishe kubvisa kugadziridza, kudiridza, uye kurovedza vagari vomuChicago neEast St.

Tsika Dzomunharaunda: Mhinduro Dzinobatsira Kuona Zvinhu Zviripo Munharaunda

Nyika dzichitanga chivako, maguta namapoka zvinoparadza zvizhinjisa zvebasa riri pavhu. Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinogona kushandisa mabhurokwara adzo okuvaka, mitemo yokushandisa nyika, uye chiremera chokutungamirira kubvisa mhinganidzo ndokuita kuti mhoteredzo dzigone kuwanwa zvakanaka kwezvokudya.

Vanyanyisi Vanokurudzira Vanoita Zvemakwara Nezvitoro

Maguta akawanda ane mitemo yakare inorambidza kushandiswa kwezvokutengeserana munharaunda dzinogara, zvichiita kuti zvitoro zviome kuvhura kwazvinodikanwa zvikuru. Kutarira kwemakambani kunogadziridza mabumbiro emitemo aya. Somuenzaniso, kugadziridza kwaanoita kubvumira “ corner produrchy ” kushandisa nzvimbo dzinogara vanhu dzakaderera, uye kubvumira. Kuchinja kwakaderedza nguva kuvhura chitoro chitsva chezvokudya kubva pamwedzi 18 kusvika kumwedzi mitanhatu. Detroit yakapfuudza kugadziridza kugadziridzwa kwemicheto yeguta kubvumidza kurima maruwa ose anogarwa, kuchenesa nzira yezvigaro zvenzanga.

Mahunde Ezvokudya Nenzvimbo Dzokuparadzira Dzapakati

Varimi mumwe chete ’ musika unobatira nzvimbo yakaganhurirwa. Misha yezvokudya — nhevedzo yezvivako izvo zvinoparirwa nezvokudya, muitiro, uye kuparadzira zvibereko zvomunzvimbomo kunzvimbo dzakawanda —can zvinobatira nzvimbo dzakafara zvikuru. Alquierque ’ Arimentario Food, inotsigirwa nemari yeguta nenzvimbo yeruwa, inoparadzira zvibereko zvitsva ku 40 dzezvikoro zvakavakirwa pamitengi, misika yezvitoro zviduku, uye zvirongwa zvishanu zvokutenderesa. Misha inobatanidza varimi veruwa navatengi vakaderera vanowana mari inowana, zvinopamba, uye zvinogovera mugove unotengwa unotengwa uyo vatengesa vatengesi vaduku vasingagoni kuwana.

Kuchengeta Kutendeuka Kwomubatanidzwa Nomutemo Wakanaka

Mumagwenga akawanda ezvokudya, zvitoro zviduku zvekona zviripo zvinotengesa machip, soda, uye midzanga. Maguta anoverengeka akatanga zvirongwa zvokutendeutsa zvitoro zvekona izvo zvinopa betsero yemichina, zvikamu zviduku, uye mafiriji akasununguka kuchengetera varidzi vanobvumirana kuunganidza zvibereko zvitsva, zviyo zvose, uye mafuta akaderera. Philadelphia ’ Mamoth Corner Storet akachinja zvitoro zvinopfuura 600 kubva muna 2010, chinowedzera kuva ne 80% yezvitoro zvinobatanidzwa. Purogiramu inochengetawo varidzi vezvitoro mukutengesa nokuchengetedzwa kwezvokudya.

Mhinduro Dzakagadzirwa Nenzanga: Engineeri Yechinjo Inogara Nguva Refu

Hapana mutemo wakakwirira unobudirira pasina kutenga kwomunzvimbomo. Nhungamiro dzinoshandiswa dzinopa vagari vemo simba rokutora nzvimbo dzavo dzezvokudya uye kazhinji kazhinji dzinobudisa zvigadzikiso zvakakodzera zvikurusa zvetsika nezvinogarisa.

Mapindu omumataundi Nemienzaniso Yako

MuLouisville, Kentucky, New Roots Fresh Stop Markets yakagadzirwa navagari veWest End, nharaunda ine Black neshopu dzine shopu. Korofesi dzinoshanda pamwe chete zvino inoshandisa gumi Freed Smakets yoga yoga mwaka unokura, inovakisa kubva ku 40 Black mapurazi emhuri uye kutengesa kudzimba 2 000. Makambani anogona kubhadhara pachikero chinofambiswa kana kuti kushandisa SNAP. Chiteshi chave chave chave chave changovakwa mumamwe maguta mashanu. Zvokudya zvino coopera pamutemo zvinovakwa nemitengwa yemitezo yetezo yetezo yehurumende yedemo yedemondi zvinobuda muMineapolis, Rochestery, uye Oakland.

Dzidzo Yezvokudya Zvepwere Nedzidzo Yakanaka

Dzidzo haigoni kusiiwa pakuwana. Kunyange apo zvokudya zvitsva zvinosvika, vamwe vagari vasina kutongobikisa nekale kana kuti botartsh vangazengurira kuitenga. Gadziriro dzinorovedza pwere savadzidzisi vezera ravo dzinovhara mukaha uyu. Food Trust ’ Food Youth Health Memodences program muNew Jersey inodzidzisa vadzidzi kutungamirira kuratidzira kubika munzanga dzavo vamene, kugadzira mapindu echikoro, uye vatsigiriri vemitemo yechikoro ine utano hwakanaka. Nheveri dzinounganidzawo mashoko pamusoro pemikana yokuwana zvokudya, iyo ivo vanopa kumadare eguta. Iyi mubatanidzwa wedzidzo, kupiwa simba, uye mabasa akananga chizvarwa chakashongedzerwa kuraira nokutsigira zvokudya kuti zviwane zvokudya zvakanaka.

Purogiramu Yezvokudya Yakagadzirwa Netsika

Kudyira zvokudya zvose zvine utano zvakanaka kazhinji kazhinji kunokundikana nemhaka yokuti zvinofuratira zvisarudzo zvetsika. Nhano dzenzanga dzinobudirira dzinokudza magamuchidzanwa nepo dzichivandudza zvokudya. MuHouston ’s Gulfton nzanga yevoruzhinji, nzanga yavatami, nzanga yevoruzhinji, batira pamwe pakati pavashandi vomunzvimbomo vezvoutano nedhipatipatipatipatimendi reguta vakagadzira nhindi dzinoshandiswa na purogiramu [musika mukuru] [mutengi] (mutengi) inochengetera zvinhu zvechiLatin America zvinobatanidza zvakafanana nejikingi, mabhinzi, uye bhinzi dzakaoma pamwe chete nezvinhu zvinodzidzisa muSpain. MuHawaii, varongi vatsidzi vadzore zvokudya zvemo kupfurikidza namasangano emo yemori munyika kupfurikidza prosossos; ka[FFT]

Zvinetso Zvinoramba Zvichienderera Mberi

Pasinei nokubudirira kunotaurwa munyika iyi, nharaunda, uye nzanga, zvinovhiringidza zvinokosha.

Kushandisa Mikaha Nokusagadzikana Kwematongerwe Enyika

Gadziriro zhinji dzehurumende nedzemunzvimbomo dzinotsamira pamipimo yegore negore kana kuti nhambo dzenguva imwe inopa. Apo njodzi dzemari kana kuti chinjo muutungamiriri hwezvamatongerwe enyika dzinoitika, mari inogona kunyangarika. New Jersey ’s Food Accessiatification, somuenzaniso, yakawana bhajeti rayo radzikiswa na 60% mukati mekunaya iripo pasinei zvapo nokudikanwa kukuru kwezvokudya. Masangano anotsigirwa nemari akadai sehova dzemitero dzakatsaurirwa kana kuti batirano yavose haasati avapo. Federal Healthod Food Financing Iniction Inice inogovera mari inowirirana, asi migove yehurumende ine mwero yokushaiwa.

Kushongedza uye Kutungamirira

Chinjo dzinodzorwa nemhinganidzo dzinobva kuvaridzi venzvimbo navagari vemo varipo vanotya motokari, ruzha, kana kuti mipimo yezvinhu yakaderera. Mumamwe maguta, nhamburiko dzokubvumira kurima kwamaguta kana kuti zvitoro zviduku zvegirosa munzvimbo dzinogarwa dzinokurirwa neNIDY (Hakusi MuBackyard). Kunyange apo chinjo dzinogara dzichipfuura, muitiro wokubvumidza unogona kuva werrinthine, zvikurukuru nokuda kwavashandi vemoreji duku vasina unyanzvi hwepamutemo.

Kuenzana Kwemarongerwo Ezvinhu uye Rusaruraganda

Zvokudya haisi nzvimbo dzinongogara dziripo; mugumisiro wamakumi amakore okutsvuka, kubviswa, uye nhevedzano yenzvimbo yourudzi. 2022 nzvero mu Journal of Urban Health [ yakaratidza kuti nharaunda dzakavakwa nenzvimbo dzakavakwa necherokupinda muma1930 dzichiri sezvingabvira zvikuru kuva magwenga ezvokudya nhasi. Hurumende nemitemo yomunzvimbomo zvinofuratira iyi ngozi yenhau inorapa zviratidzo apo inosiya mudzi unenge uchiparira kusabatwa. Muitiro unoshanda zvakanaka unofanira kubatanidza zvakajeka mativi akakuvadzwa zvikurusa nemiitiro yakare.

Kuziva uye Kuedza Zvaungaita

Kusarudza kana muitiro uchideredza chaizvoizvo marenje ezvokudya kunoda mashoko akavimbika, bva mavhuro akawanda anoshaiwa zviwindi zvokushandisa kunzvera zvokudya nguva dzose. USDA’ Food Access Research Atlas inovandudzwa bedzi makore mashomanene ari ose uye kushandisa miganhu yakashata. Vatungamiriri vomunzvimbomo vanowanzovimba noufakazi hwezvemari kana kuti nzvero duku. Kutenga mumitengo yezvokunzevedzerwa kwezvokudya panguva chaiyoiyo, yapanyika yakanyanyisa inhanodikaidzo inhano inodikanwa, asi inoda unyanzvi husingagoni kuwanikwa navose.

Nhungamiro Dzomunguva Yemberi: Agenda Yezvokudya Zvinovaka Muviri

Zvikamu zvehurumende nenharaunda dzinotarira mberi zvinogona kuvandudza maitiro azvo nokunyatsoona zvinhu sezvazviri.

Kukwana Kwezvokudya Munzvimbo Dzose Dzemitemo

Kuwana zvokudya hakugoni kupedzwa. Gadziriro yokufambisa, muitiro wedzimba, kubudirira kwemari, uye kushandiswa kwenzvimbo zvose zvakabatanidzwa zvikuru. Guta rinovaka supamaketi itsva mugwenga rezvokudya asi rikakundikana kuvandudza basa rebhazi kuchitoro rakangopedza bedzi chinetso chacho. Mutemo wenzvimbo yehurumende wakadai seNew Mexico ’ Food Acces and Nutrition Equity Act (2023) inoda masangano ose ehurumende kuti arangarire pesvedzero dzoutano dzakafanira mumari yavo nemiraudzo, achiparira kuzvidavirira mumadhipatimendi.

Kuwedzera Kuwedzera Kusimba Kweutano

Kupfuura zvikarakadzo zvezvikwereti, zvinyorwa zvinogona kushandisa mari yeMedicaid kutsigira gadziriro dzokushandisa mishonga. Mupurogiramu dzakadaro, vanachiremba “preodo ” tswanda dzezvibereko zvitsva kuvarwere vane migariro yezvokudya zvinowirirana, uye mirau inozadzwa inozadzwa mukutora zvitoro zvegiro kana kuti varimi ’ misika isingatengi mari yomurwere. Washington, D.C, uye Massachusetts vakawedzera muenzaniso uyu nemigumisiro inokurudzira: vatori vemitengo vakaratidza kuderedzwa kwesimba mudzvinyiriro yeropa uye HB1c mumwedzi mitanhatu. Kuwedzera mishonga inobetsera kuva vagamuchiri vose vezvokudya vanorarama mumaMidica angagona kuva nesimba kuwerenje.

Kusimbisa Kavara Romunzvimbo Yokugara Yezvokudya

COVID-19 yakazivisa kushata kwezvokudya zvenyika. Hurumende dzinofanira kuisa mari mukugadzirwa kwezvokudya zvomunharaunda, kuchengetwa kunotonhora, uye kuparadzirwa kwezvingabatira ose ari maviri magwenga ezvokudya zvomumaruwa. Michigan Local Food Council Network ’ chikarakadzo chemitezo yezvokudya zvapasi pose, izvo zvingabudisa kubva kumazana epurazi duku nepakati pemitezo, zvinopa muenzaniso wakakura. Nokupfupikisa kugovera ketani, idzi nzvimbo dzinogona kuderedza mitengo uye kuwedzera kuwanika kunyange munharaunda dziri kuresa.

Kuvaka Simba Renzanga Nehurumende Yeko

Mitemo inobudirira zvikurusa yakagadzirwa [ ne nzanga dzakatapurwa, kwete [[FT:2] nokuda kwe. Maguta anoverengeka akavamba kutanga zvirongwa zvezvokudya zvevagari vanobva munharaunda dzegwenga rezvokudya, pedyo navarongi veguta, vakuru vakuru vezvoutano hwevoruzhinji, uye vatungamiriri vebhizimisi. Portland, Oregon, akagadzira chibvumirano cheCommunity Foooo Assessssss chinopa vagari vemo kubvumira kana kuti kuramba zvikumbiro zvemari zvezvirongwa zvokuwana zvokudya munharaunda dzavo vamene. Apo nzanga dzinoita chisarudzo mamiriro ezvinhu ezvokudya, miraudzo yezvoutano yavose, uye inova inogamuchira zvikuru uye inowirirana zvikuru kushambadzano zvamatongerwe enyika.

Kubvisa magwenga ezvokudya nokuwana zvokudya zvakanaka hakusati kuchizoitika kamwe kamwe. Asi maturusi emiitiro aripo, uye mienzaniso yebudiriro iri kuwedzera. Hurumende dzinopa mipiro yakafanira ndokupfuudza. Makurukota emaguta anogona kunyorazve mabumbiro emitemo okugadzira nokutsigira misika inofambiswa. Masangano enzanga anogona kuvaka mapindu, zvikwata zvinoshandira pamwe, uye mibatanidzwa yedzidzo yavana. Mwero mumwe nomumwe unosimbisa mimwe. Nguva yemberi umo zvokudya zvinovaka muviri ikodzero yavose, kwete ropafadzo yevhu kana kuti mari, inogona kusvika.