Table of Contents

Kunzwisisa Tsika Yedare Rehurumende Nokuzvipira Kwaro Kukuva Akanaka

Gadziriro yedare reUnited States yehurumende inomira sechimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvikurusa zvehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu yeAmerica, chakagadzirirwa kuva nechokwadi chokuti munhu ari wose anogamuchira kubatwa kwakanaka nokusasarura mumutemo. Bazu rinotonga rine chiremera chokusarudza kubatana kwemitemo yehurumende uye kupedza dzimwe nhau dzinobatanidza mitemo yehurumende, kubatira sonzvero huru pamusoro pesimba remapazu ose ari maviri makuru uye emitemo. Kunzwisisa kuti matare ehurumende anoita sei zvisarudzo zvakarurama kunoda kunzvera chimiro chedare, nheyo dzinotungamirira kuumba dare, uye dziviriro dzakavakwa kuti dzidzivirire kusasarura.

Vagari veFramers navaratifiers vakarangarira kuti dare remitemo rakarurama nerisingasaruri — iro raitevera mutemo uye rakanga risiri ramafungire akaipa, rinosarura, rinotyisidzira kana kuti rinotsvaka chinodikanwa — rakanga riri musimboti wechimiro chehurumende. iyi nheyo inopfuurira kuumba kuti matare omubatanidzwa anoshanda sei nhasi, richivimbisa kuti ruramisiro inoitwa zvakaenzana kuvagari vose pasinei zvapo nemamiriro avo ezvinhu, pfuma, kana kuti batano dzezvamatongerwe enyika.

Zvirongwa Zvitatu Zvematare Ehurumende

Gadziriro yedare rehurumende ine mwero mitatu mikuru: matare oruwa (dare rinotongwa), matare edunhu ari mwero wokutanga wekukwirira, uye Dare Repamusorosoro reUnited States, mwero wokupedzisira wekwidza mugadziriro yomubatanidzwa. Ichi chimiro chedare rinotonga chinovimbisa kuti mhaka dzinohwirudzurwa pamwero mizhinji, kuchigovera mikana yezvikanganiso zvokururamiswa uye nokuda kwokushandiswa kwetsinhirano kwomutemo murudzi rwose.

Matare Oruwa: Uko Mhaka Dzakatarisana Nevanhu Dzinovamba

Matare 94 oruwa kana kuti edare rokutonga enyika anonzi matare oruwa eU. matare oruwa anopedza nharo kupfurikidza nokusarudza maidi nokushandisa mutemo kumaidi iwayo. Aya matare apamusoro anobatira sepfundo rokupinda nokuda kwemhaka zhinjisa dzehurumende, apo ufakazi hunopiwa, zvapupu zvinopupurira, uye majaji (kana zvichishanda) anosarudza maidi enhau yacho.

Mukati memiganhu yakagadzwa neCongress neBumbiro reMitemo, matare oruwa ane chiremera chokunzwa anenge mapoka ose enhau dzehurumende, kubatanidza zvose zviri zviviri nhau dzehurumende nedzeutsotsi. Kune maruwa 94 ehurumende, kubatanidza runenge rumwe ruwa munyika imwe neimwe, District yeColumbia nePuerto Rico. Uku kuparadzirwa kwenyika kunovimbisa kuti ruramisiro yehurumende inowanika munyika yose, kuchibvumira vagari vemo kuti vanzwe nhau dzavo pedyo nekwavanogara kana kuti apo pakamuka gakavadzano yepamutemo.

Mumatare oruwa, vatongi vanotungamirira zviitiko, vanoita mitemo panhau dzapamutemo, uye vanova nechokwadi chokuti kutonga kunoitwa nenzira yakarurama mukuwirirana nemitemo yakagadzwa youfakazi nomuitiro. Apo matare anobatanidzwa, vanoshanda savawani veidi, vachisarudza chakaitika chaizvoizvo chakavakirwa paufakazi hunopiwa. ipapo mutongi anoshandisa mutemo kumaidi iwayo kuti asvike chisarudzo.

Dare Rokukwirira: Mwero Wokuongorora Kunoongororwa Nevamwe

Kune matare 13 edare anogara pasi peDare reChikurusa reU.S. uye anonzi matare ezvikumbiro. Basa redare reApellate nderokusarudza kana mutemo wakashandiswa zvakarurama mudare rinotongwa kana kuti sangano rinodzora rehurumende. Aya matare apakati anoita basa rinokosha mukuvimbisa kuti mutemo wehurumende unodudzirwa nokushandiswa sei mukati menharaunda dzawo dzakatsauka.

MaDare eZvikumbiro eUnited States akakamurwa kuva matunhu 13: 12 ematunhu eruwa, akaverengwa kuva Kutanga kusvikira ku111; District of Columbia Tturt; uye dunhu rechi13, Federal Ttunhu, rine simba chairo pakukumbira kunoitwa nevanhu vakasiyana - siyana vakadai sekodzero dzehurumende uye zviratidzo. Dunhu rimwe nerimwe rinofukidza nyika dzakawanda, richigadzira gadziriro umo zvisarudzo zveappelate zvinoshanda zvakafanana mumatunhu ose enyika.

Kukwirira kumatare edunhu kunotanga kunzwiwa neboka, rina vatongi vatatu vedare redunhu. Iyi tsika yedare inobvumira matare ezvikumbiro kubata vhoriyamu huru yenhau nenzira inoshanda apo ichiri kugovera kuhwirudzura kwakakwana. Kana boka rangotonga panhau ne "budisi" murangariro, hapana boka romunguva yemberi rinogona kudzora chisarudzo chakapfuura, kuvimbisa kusachinja mukati medunhu rimwe nerimwe.

Munhau dzisingawanzoitiki asi dzinokosha, dare ringanzwawo mhaka yacho munnc, umo boka guru ravatongi (nhamba inosiana kupfurikidza nedunhu) rinohwirudzura chisarudzo chedare roruwa. Kurambidza kunowanzobatanidza mhaka dzoukoshi hukuru kana kuti kuvavarirwa kuvimbisa kuwirirana kwemiraudzo yedunhu mumhaka isati yaitika. Iyi nzira inogovera rutivi rwokuwedzera rwehwirudzuro nokuda kwemibvunzo inokosha zvikuru kana kuti inomutsa nharo yepamutemo.

Dare Rapamusoro Zvikurusa: Mutongi Wokupedzisira

Dare Repamusorosoro reUnited States ndiro rinoita kuti pave nechisarudzo chokupedzisira.

Kusiyana nematare ezvikumbiro, Dare Rapamusorosoro rinogona kusarudza kuti imhaka dzipi dzokunzwa, kupfurikidza nokupa zvikumbiro nokuda kwemajeri ecertiorari. Certiori haawanzopiwi; isingasviki 1% yezvikumbiro kudare rapamusoro inonzwiwa chaizvoizvo. Uku kusarudza kunobvumira Dare Rapamusoro Kunangidzira ngwariro pamhaka dzine revo hurusa yorudzi, zvikurukuru idzo dzinobatanidza rwisano pakati pematare edunhu akasiana - siana kana kuti mibvunzo inokosha pamusoro pedudziro yebumbiro remitemo.

Zvisarudzo zveDare Repamusorosoro reUnited States zvinowanzoita kuti nyaya yacho ikuru kudarika nyika yose uye hazvingokanganisi nyaya yacho chete.

Nheyo Yokusasarura

Panzvimbo pokuita chisarudzo chakarurama chedare pane nheyo yokusasarura. Dare reUN Human Rights rakataura kuti "inoreva kuti vatongi havafaniri kuva nemirangariro ipi neipi pamusoro penhau yakaiswa pamberi pavo, uye kuti havafaniri kuita munzira dzinosimudzira fariro dzomumwe wemasangano. Iyi nheyo inokosha inovimbisa kuti munhu ari wose anouya pamberi pedare rehurumende anogamuchira kubatwa kwakaenzana mumutemo.

VaAmerica vanofanira kuva nokutenda mukuzvimirira, ruramisiro, uye kusasarura zvavatongi vedu nemhaka yokuti vanotarira kumatare edu senzvimbo yavanogona kuzununguswa zvakanaka kana nyunyuto yavo iri nehurumende kana kuti bhizimisi kana kuti muvakidzani.

Zvinoreva Kusasarura Mukushandisa

Vatongi vanofanira kushandisa mutemo zvakaenzana kana kuti zvisina kusarura kuvanhu vose. Iyi nheyo inoputswa apo mutongi ane fungira mano akaipa yomunhu oga kana kuti kufungira mano akaipa pamusoro pomumwe wavabato kugakava.Vatongi veFederal vanokarirwa kufuratira mirangariro yavo yomunhu oga, masonganirano ezvamatongerwe enyika, uye mirangariro ipi neipi yakafanofungwa pakusarudza nhau.

Vatongi vehurumende havasati vari “vadukupiswi kuboka ripi neripi" uye“ vasingazviisi pasi pedzvinyiriro dzokunze... kudzvinyiriro mune zvamatongerwe enyika zvikurukuru. Uku kuzvimirira mudzvinyiriro yezvamatongerwe enyika kunokosha kuva nechokwadi chokuti zvisarudzo zvokutonga zvakavakirwa pamutemo namaidi enhau imwe neimwe, panzvimbo peicho chingava chakakurumbira mune zvamatongerwe enyika kana kuti chanobetsera kumapoka efariro akati.

Mutemo unoreva kuti vatongi nevatongi vanoshandisa mutemo, kwete pfungwa dzavo dzomunhu oga kana kuti kusasarura, kuti vaite zvisarudzo munhau.

Ukama Pakati Pokuzvimirira Nokusasarura

Kuzvimirira mukutonga kunodzivirira kutonga pachinhu chipi nechipi chinodzongonyedzwa nemitezo yehurumende kana kuti vanhu voga kukuita mabasa okutonga.

Iyi mifungo miviri inoshanda pamwe chete kuva nechokwadi chokuita zvisarudzo zvakarurama. Kuzvimirira kunopa vatongi dziviriro dzesangano dzavanoda kuita pasina kuvimbika pasina kutya kutsiva kana kuti dzvinyiriro. Kusarurawo, musengwa wetsika uyo vatongi vanounza kubasa ravo, kuva nechokwadi chokuti vanoshandisa kuzvimirira kwavo kuti vabatire ruramisiro panzvimbo pefariro dzavo dzomunhu oga kana kuti dzezvamatongerwe enyika.

Kuoneka kweruramisiro nekusasarura kunodokuva kunokosha sechinhu chaichoicho, uye izvi zviviri hazviparadzaniswi nyore nyore.

Dziviriro Dzomutemo Dzokuzvimirira Kwokutonga

Chikamu III cheBumbiro reMitemo reU.S. chakagadzira Dare Rapamusorosoro uye chakabvumira Congress kugadza mitemo inosimbisa gadziriro yematare akaderera. Iyi nheyo yebumbiro remitemo inosimbisa dare remitemo sebazu rehurumende rakaenzana, rakaparadzana uye rakaparadzana namapazu emitemo neanotungamirira.

Kurarama Nedziviriro Yokutengesa

Vatongi vehurumende vanosarudzwa napurezidhendi, vanosimbiswa neDare, uye vanofarikanya upenyu. upenyu ihwohwu ndihumwe hwedziviriro dzinokosha zvikurusa nokuda kwokuzvimirira kwokutonga. Kusafanana navakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa vanofanira kutarisana nevhota panhambo nenhambo, kana kuti vakuru vakuru vakagadzwa avo vanobatira pamufaro womukuru mukuru, vatongi vehurumende vanogona kuita zvisarudzo zvakavakirwa pamutemo bedzi pasina kunetseka pamusoro pokurasikirwa nenzvimbo dzavo.

Chikamu III chinovimbisawo kuti mibhadharo yavatongi haigoni kuderedzwa. Urongwa ihwohwu hwakaiswa kuva nechokwadi chokuti vatongi vakanga vasingatyi kuita zvisarudzo zvisingafarirwi. Kupfurikidza nokudzivirira vatongi pakutsiva mari, Bumbiro reMitemo rinovimbisa kuti havagoni kudzvinyirirwa kupfurikidza nemitoo yemari kuti vatonge munzira dzakati.

Dare repamutemo rinogona kubvisa mutongi anogara nguva refu zvikuru mumuitiro unozivikanwa sokusabvumirana uye kupwiswa, kunyange zvazvo rakangosarudza bedzi kuita ikoku kashoma munhau yenyika yedu.

Muitiro Wekusarudza

Mubumbiro reBumbiro reMitemo, Purezidhendi anogadza vatongi vehurumende ne "basa nemvumo" zveDare. Ikoku kwakagoverana mutoro pakati pamapazu anotungamirira nemitemo inoparira gadziriro yecheki nedzikamo kunyange mukugadzwa kwavatongi.

Mitezo yeDare reUnited States uye pane dzimwe nguva Mitezo yeImba yaVamiririri vari mubato rimwe chetero rezvamatongerwe enyika saPurezidhendi kana kuti avo vane mifungo iri mutsinhirano neyaPurezidhendi, vanoita rumbidzo dzokuzadza zvinzvimbo zvedare rehurumende mukati mehurumende yavo kana kuti nokuda kweDare reZvikumbiro zvinobatira nyika yavo. Uku kurumbidza kunodzokororwa ipapo neDhipatimendi reRugare reSahlulero ne White General Counciers, iro rinorumbidza Purezidhendi.

Pashure pokunge Purezidhendi apa zita romunhu mumwe nomumwe kuti abatire padare rehurumende kuDare reSanihena, kusarudzwa kunonongedzerwa kuDare reDare reDare reMututsi. Iri dare rinotonga, rinonzvera mugariro wekare nezvikwaniriso, uye pakupedzisira vhota kana kurumbidza kugadzwa kwomurume kuDare rakazara nokuda kwokusimbiswa.

Kugadza uku kwakaoma, nepo pane dzimwe nguva kuchitsoropodzwa nokuda kwokuva vezvamatongerwe enyika, kunobatira basa rinokosha.Iro rinovimbisa kuti vatongi vomubatanidzwa vanosanosanorongwa nokuda kwezvikwaniriso zvavo, chimiro chendangariro, uye kuzvipira kukutonga kwomutemo vasati vagamuchira kugadzwa kwoupenyu hwose kubhenji.

Basa Rokutanga Kufunga Kuti Zvinhu Hazvichinji

Zvisarudzo zviri pamberi/mitemo iyo matare anotevera anowanzonongedzerwa kwairi semienzaniso uye mutumbi womutemo wakaitwa nomutongi unoumbwa neiyi mitemo kubva mumhaka dzinowanzonongedzerwa kuuri somutemo wenhau. Dzidziso yemuenzaniso, inozivikanwawo se decis (chiLatin nokuda kwe "kumira kupfurikidza nezvinhu zvakasarudzwa"), inheyo inokosha inosimudzira ruramisiro netsinhirano mukuita chisarudzo chedare rehurumende.

Mashandiro Anoita Uchenjeri

Apo matare ehurumende nehurumende anosarudza mhaka kana kuti mirau pamiitiro yakati, kazhinji kazhinji anobudisa mirangariro yakanyorwa iyo isati ichingogadza bedzi zvisarudzo zvavo nemitemo asiwo mifungo (kubatanidza mipimo yapamutemo) nokuda kwezvisarudzo zvakadaro/kudzorwa. aya matare apamutemo anobatanidza kwete bedzi mitemo nemirau asiwo mirau yakaitwa nenheyo (imo, mitemo yakaitwa navatongi apo vanosarudza nhau dziri pamberi pazvo). Mugadziriro yapamutemo yeU.S.S. kazhinji kazhinji matare anodikanwa kutevera iyi/mirayiro muzvinoitika zvinotevera izvo zviri zvechokwadi kana kuti zvakafanana.

Gadziriro yemuenzaniso iyi inoshanda mabasa akawanda anokosha. Chokutanga, inotsigira kusachinjana nokudeya kutaurwa mumutemo. Apo matare anotevera muenzaniso, nhau dzakafanana dzinosarudzwa nenzira dzakafanana, kuva nechokwadi chokuti vanhu vari mumamiriro ezvinhu akafanana vanogamuchira kurapwa kwakaenzana. Chechipiri, inotsigira kushanda zvakanaka kupfurikidza nokubvumira matare kutsamira panheyo dzapamutemo dzakagara dzakagadzwa panzvimbo pokutangazvenga vhiri mumhaka iri yose. Yechitatu, inoremekedza uchenjeri hwakaunganidzwa hwezvisarudzo zvedare zvakapfuura, ichiziva kuti nheyo dzapamutemo dzinowanzokura nokuvandudza nokufamba kwenguva refu kupfurikidza nokurangarira kwokungwarira nhau dzakawanda.

Mushonga Wezvisaririra

Zvikurukuru, dare rehurumende bedzi rinogona kuzivisa mutemo womubatanidzwa uyo unosunga matare ehurumende iDare Gurusa rimene.Izvozvi zvinogadza dare rakajeka umo zvisarudzo zveDare Rapamusorosoro zvinosunga pamatare ose ehurumende akaderera uye pamatare ehurumende apo anopindura mibvunzo yomutemo womubatanidzwa.

Mukati mematunhu mamwe namamwe, apo bedzi boka ratonga pamusoro penhau ne "rinobudiswa" murangariro, hakuna boka romunguva yemberi rinogona kukurira chisarudzo chakapfuura. Ikoku kunovimbisa kusachinjana mukati menharaunda imwe neimwe. Zvisinei, matunhu akasiana - siana angasvika mhedziso dzakasiana pamubvunzo mumwe chetewo wapamutemo, achitanga chinozivikanwa se "chinoparadzanisa". Apo ikoku kunoitika, Dare Rapamusorosoro ringasarudza kunzwa nhau yacho kupedza rwisano ndokutanga mutemo mumwe nokuda kworudzi rwose.

Pane imwe nguva pashure pokunzwa nharo dzinotaurwa, dare rinopa chisarudzo charo, kazhinji kazhinji muchimiro che "opition" icho chichasunga dare iroro redunhu nematare oruwa mukati maro. Idzi mirangariro yakanyorwa inobatira kwete bedzi kutsanangura chisarudzo chedare mumhaka yapakarepo asiwo kugovera nhungamiro nokuda kwenhau dzomunguva yemberi dzinobatanidza mibvunzo yapamutemo yakafanana.

Zvakakodzera Kuitwa: Hwaro Hwefambiro Yakanaka

Hurumende yeU.S. neColorado inoda kuti hapana munhu anogona kunyimwa upenyu, rusununguko, kana kuti zvinhu pasina muitiro wakafanira womutemo, zvinoreva miitiro yomutemo yakarurama. Vanhu vanofanira kupiwa ziviso yakakodzera yenhau kuti dzisarudzwe uye mukana wakazara uye wakarurama wokunzwiwa kodzero dzavo dzisati dzanzi dzitsakatiswe. Nepo iyi mirau yaColorado parutivi pebumbiro remitemo rehurumende, nheyo yomuitiro wakafanira idikanoloji yehurumende inoshanda mumatare ose ehurumende.

Zvinhu Zvinotarisirwa

Muitiro wakafanira unobatanidza zvose zviri zviviri zvinodzivirira zvinoiswa mumibatanidzwa. Gadziriro yechakafanira inovimbisa kuti hurumende itevere miitiro yakanaka isati yanyima mumwe munhu upenyu, rusununguko, kana kuti chinhu. Ikoku kunobatanidza maruramiro okucherekedza pomero kana kuti kutaura, maruramiro okunzwa pamberi pomuiti wechisarudzo asina chizivano, kodzero yokupa ufakazi nezvapupu, kodzero yokutarisana nezvapupu zvakaipa, uye maruramiro okumirira pamutemo muzvinoitika zvoutsotsi.

Muitiro wakafanira wokuisa panzvimbo yakakwirira unodzivirira maruramiro akati okunokosha pakudzokororwa nehurumende, pasinei zvapo nemiitiro inoshandiswa. Idzi dzinobatanidza kodzero dzinodudzwa zvakajeka muBumbiro reMitemo, zvakadai sorusununguko rwokutaura norudzidziso, pamwe chete nekodzero idzo Dare Rapamusorosoro rakaziva sedzakajeka mumurangariro worusununguko rwakarairwa.

Dare Gurusa reU.S. rakadudzira Gwende reChibvumirano chaClaus mu mutoo unowirirana nenzwisiso iyoyo yakare kupfurikidza nokuzivisa kuti "[a] kutonga kwakarurama mudare chinodikanwa chikuru chomuitiro wakafanira," uye kuti Gwaro Rekusarudza rinovimbisa mapoka "kodzero yokuva nomutongi asingasaruri". Iri pamutemo rinovimbisa kuti kusasarura hakusati kuri vavarirowo zvayo yefariro asi maruramiro anomanikidzirwa pamutemo.

Kudzivirirwa Kwakaenzana Mumutemo

Mabumbiro ose ari maviri emitemo anovimbisa kuti mutemo wacho uchashandiswa zvakaenzana kumunhu wose, pasinei zvapo nedzinza rake, dzinza, mari yaanowana, zera, chitendero, vanhukadzi, kuzivikanwa kwevarume nevakadzi, vatano, kana kuti mimwe misiyano.

Ruramisiro yakaenzana inoda ruramisiro nokusasarura mukupiwa kweruramisiro nomusengwa wokusasarura, pasinei zvapo nedzinza, vatano, zera, rudzidziso, mavambo orudzi, mavambo evatano, zvimiro zvevatano, kuzivikanwa kwevatano, kuva napamuviri, mugariro wourema, kana kuti wirirano yezvamatongerwe enyika.

Kuchengetedza Kwemasikirwo Kunoita Kuti Pave Norunako

Matare makuru anoshandisa zvinhu zvakasiyana - siyana kuti pave nechokwadi chokuti zvisarudzo zvinoitwa nenzira yakarurama uye isina kusarura.

Mitemo Youchapupu Nekuziviswa Kwahwo

Vatongi vanotsanangurawo mutemo kudare rinodzora mumhaka imwe neimwe, uye vatongi vanofanira kutevera mitemo youfakazi nemitemo yemuitiro kuti vave nechokwadi chokuti kutonga kwakarurama.

Mitemo yeFederal Refecture of Civil Procedare and Federal Rules of Criminal Procedare inogadza miitiro yakarongwa nokuda kwenzira iyo nhau dzinopfuurira nayo kupfurikidza nematare ehurumende. iyi mitemo inovimbisa kuti mativi ose anoziva chokukarira, ane mabanza akaenzana okupa nhau dzavo, uye anogona kuita kuti dare rizvidavirire kumipimo yakagadzwa.

Mitemo iyi haisi yoga yoga; inodzokororwa uye inogadziridzwa nematare evatongi, magweta, uye nyanzvi dzemitemo kuti ive nechokwadi chokuti anoramba achiita zvinoda kururamisira.

Muitiro waJury

Pakutanga kwekutonga kwedare rinobetsera vatongi, vatongi vanobvira vanoita muitiro unonzi "voir ad," unoreva kuti "kutaura zvokwadi. Iyi nzira inonzvera kana vatongi vachigona kuva vakarurama navasingasaruri mumhaka yacho. Vatongi nagweta vanobvunza mibvunzo yavatongi, uye pane dzimwe nguva vatongi vanozadza vabvunzurudzi, kuona kana vatongi vane tsveteko dzipi nedzipi dzinogona kutapura ruramisiro yavo.

Muitiro uyu wokusarudza vatongi nokungwarira unobetsera kuva nechokwadi chokuti zvisarudzo zvakavakirwa paufakazi nomutemo, panzvimbo pefungira mano yakaipa kana kuti fungidziro dzakafanofungwa.

Gadziriro yedare rinobetsera sechenjero inokosha pasimba rokutonga. Kupfurikidza nokubatanidza vagariwo zvavo mumuitiro wokuita chisarudzo, zvikurukuru mukusarudza maidi uye kusvika rutongeso munhau dzoutsotsi, gadziriro yedare rinobetsera vatongi inovimbisa kuti mipimo yenzanga nepfungwa zvinoita basa mukutarisirwa kweruramisiro. Iyi dare rehurumende inobatira hurumende inobatira pamutemo inobetsera kuchengeta chivimbo chavose mumatare uye inovimbisa kuti zvisarudzo zvedare zvinoramba zvakavakirwa mumipimo yenzanga yakafara.

Kupomera Nokuodza Mwoyo

Mutemo wehurumende nemitemo yokutonga zvinoda kuti vatongi vazvipindure vamene (kubva padivi) kubva pamhaka idzo kusasarura kwavo kungapanikirwa nenzira ine mufungo.Izvi zvinobatanidza migariro umo mutongi ane fariro yemari mumuuyo, ukama hwomunhu oga nomumwe wamapoka, kana kuti akambobatanidzwa munhau yacho mune rimwe divi.

Murangariro woruvengo kana kuti, nenzira inopesana, chizivano kumumwe wavarwi hazvina kufanira, uye kunoratidzira kuti mutongi haafaniri kunzwa nhau yacho.

Mitemo iyi yokupomera vanhu inobvuma kuti vatongi vanhu vangave vaine ukama, vakasangana, kana kuti vanofarira zvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa kutonga kwavo munyaya dzakati.

Muitiro Wokuda Kuhwirudzura: Mirwi Yakawanda Yehwirudzuro

Imwe yedziviriro dzinokosha zvikurusa nokuda kweruramisiro mugadziriro yedare rehurumende inowanika kwehwirudzuro yapakarepo. Iyi gadziriro ine mhosho dzakawanda inovimbisa kuti zvikanganiso zvinogona kururamiswa uye kuti nheyo dzapamutemo dzinoshandiswa nguva dzose.

Mipimo Yokuhwirudzura

Dare redare rinoongorora harisati richingonzvera bedzi mhaka kana kuti njodzi yechipiri iri yose inoitwa nematare anotonga. Panzvimbo pezvo, dzinoshandisa mipimo yakasiana yokuhwirudzura inotsamira parudzi rwenhau inokwidzwa. Mibvunzo yomutemo inodzokororwa zvayo "novo," kureva dare redare rinonzvera mubvunzo wapamutemo mutsva pasina kunongedzera kumhedziso yedare rinotongwa. Zviwanwa zvechokwadi, pane rumwe rutivi, zvinohwirudzurwa nokuda kwe "mhosho," kureva kuti zvichadzorwa bedzi kana dare redare rinotonga rikaitwa chikanganiso.

Gadziriro iyi yemipimo yakasiana----- siyana yehwirudzuro inoratidzira dzikamo pakati pokudikanwa kweruramiso noruremekedzo nokuda kwebasa redare rinotonga. Vatongi navatongi vanoona zvapupu zvichipupurira, kucherekedza mufambiro wavo, uye zviri mumugariro wakanakisisa wokuyera kuvimbika nokuwana maidi. matare edare, nomurangariro waro wakafara zvikuru uye ngwariro panheyo dzapamutemo, zvinova zviri nani kuva nechokwadi chokushandiswa kwemitemo kwenguva dzose.

Kupfupikisa uye Kupokanidzana Kwemashoko

Parivhi dzinonzi, kudare, dzichipa nharo kuti nei kutonga kwedare kuchifanira kunzi kwakarurama kana kuti kwadzorwa. Pashure pokunge kupfupi kwaiswa, dare richaronga kupikisana kwakadai uko vadudziri vemitemo vanouya pamberi pedare kuzotaura nokupindura mibvunzo yavatongi.

Vanhu vamwe navamwe namapoka vasingabatanidzwi zvakananga mukutonga kwacho, asi avo vane fariro mumugumisiro wenhau vangarangarira icho chingava chisina kupiwa nemvumo yamapoka kana kuti dare — nemvumo yedare — faira yeamcuscure (chiratidzo chechiLatin nokuda kwe "shamwari yedare").

Zvikamu zvakanyorwa zvinobvumira kuongorora nhau dzemitemo nokungwarira, zvine udzame, nepo nharo dzinotaurwa dzichipa vatongi mukana wokuongorora pfungwa dzisina kusimba munharo dzacho uye kuongorora zvinorehwa nemitemo yakasiyana - siyana yepamutemo.

Kuwanika Nenzira Yakajeka uye Kuwanikwa Kwavose

Matare ane mitemo yokuita kuti vatongi nevatongi vave nechokwadi chokuti vanobata munhu wose zvakanaka uye vasingasaruri uye kuti vanoshandisa mutemo zvakaenzana kumunhu wose.

Zvigaro Zvedare Zvakazaruka

Munhu mumwe nomumwe anoda kuchengeta dare mudare angaenda kuimba yedare yehurumende, kuongorora karenda yedare, uye kuona purogiramu. Munhu wose angaongorora nyaya yacho nemamwe mapepa kana akaenda kumunyori wehofisi yedare okumbira nyaya yacho.

Kodzero yokuwana vanhu vose kudare inotorwa murutivi kubva muBumbiro reMitemo uye murutivi kubva mugamuchidzanwa redare. Kupfurikidza nokuitisa basa ravo rokutonga mukuona kwavanhu, vatongi vanowedzera chivimbo chavose mumatare, uye vanobvumira vagari vemo kudzidza nzira iyo tsika yedu yokutonga inoshanda nayo.

Uku kujeka kunobatira zvinangwa zvakawanda. Kunobvumira vanhu kutarira matare ndokuaita kuti azvidavirire. Kunodzidzisa vagari vemo pamusoro penzira inoshanda nayo gadziriro yemitemo. Kunodzivisa kusazvibata kupfurikidza nokuva nechokwadi chokuti kutonga kunoitika pachena apo kunogona kuchengetwa nokunzverwa.

Kuwana Mashoko Mumatare

Dare rinoisa zvinhu panzvimbo dzinomira nyaya uye dzimwe nyaya dzinowanikwa paIndaneti pachishandiswa Public Access Electronic Recouble system (inozivikanwa sePACIR), pawww.pacer.gov. kuwedzera, anenge dare rehurumende yose inochengeta nzvimbo yeIndaneti ine mashoko pamusoro pemitemo yedare uye nzira dzarinoita nadzo.

Kuwanika kwemagetsi uku kwakawedzera kujeka mumakumi emakore achangopfuura.Vatori venhau, vanotsvakurudza, magweta, uye vanhuwo zvavo vanogona zvino kuwana magwaro edare ari munyika ipi neipi, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuongorora nyaya dzedare uye kunzwisisa kuti mitemo iri kushandiswa sei.

Chinyorwa ichi chinoshanda zvinangwa zvakawanda: chinobvumira vanhu kunzwisisa kurangarira kuri seri kwezvisarudzo zvokutonga, chinogonesa magweta kunzvera mutemo ndokupa zano vatengi vawo, uye chinoparira muenzaniso unotungamirira zvisarudzo zvomunguva yemberi.

Kuparadzaniswa Kwesimba Nokuzvimirira Mukutonga

Kuparadzana kwemasimba inzira inokosha iyo hurumende yedu inodzikamisa nayo simba kuitira kuti rimwe divi rehurumende rirege kukurira rimwe.

Basa Rajudia Mugadziriro yeBumbiro reMitemo

Pamavambo ayo nheyo yokuzvimirira kwokutonga inomirira matare anozvidavirira kuBumbiro remitemo nerokusasarura, kwete kuvatendi vezvamatongerwe enyika, pfungwa kana kuti fariro chaidzo. Sezvo Alexander Hamilton akasabvumirana muFederali N. 78, Mufundisi ane mutoro wokutsigira Bumbiro remitemo nokudzivirira maruramiro nerusununguko zvavanhu pakudzorwa namamwe mapazi maviri.

Iri basa sekuchengeta kodzero dzebumbiro remitemo zvichida ibasa rinokosha zvikurusa redare rehurumende. Nepo Congress naPurezidhendi vachigamuchira murangariro wavazhinji kupfurikidza nomuitiro wokuvhota, matare akarongedzerwa kudzivirira maruramiro avanhu vamwe navamwe nefariro shomanene kunyange kana kuita kudaro kusingafarirwi. Iri basa rinorwisana nemitemo yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu uye kudzivirira udzvinyiriri hwevoruzhinji.

Vatongi vanotsamira pabazu guru kuti vaite zvisarudzo zvedare. Uku kutsamira kunoparira nzvero inokosha pasimba redare. Dare rinogona kuzivisa icho mutemo uri uye zviito zvakati kuti, asi ivo vanoshaiwa simba rokushandisa zvisarudzo zvavo vamene. Uku kuganhurirwa kunovimbisa kuti mutongi anoramba ane mutoro kune mamwe mapazu apo anochengeta kuzvimirira kwake mukuita zvisarudzo.

Kubatana Nebazi Rine Simba

Department of Justice, iyo ine mutoro wokutonga mhaka dzomubatanidzwa uye nokuda kwokumirira hurumende mumhaka dzehurumende, ndiyo mumiririri anowanzova akatanhamara mugadziriro yedare rehurumende.Ikoku kunoparira simba rinofadza umo bazu guru riri zvose zviri zviviri mubato pamberi pematare uye mutoro wokusimbisa zvisarudzo zvedare.

Somuenzaniso, United States Marshals Service inopa chengeteko kudzimba dzedare uye vatongi, uye General Service Administration inovaka uye inotarisira dzimba dzedare rehurumende. Iyi nharaunda inoshanda inoumba ukama hwakaoma pakati pamapazu, inoda batira pamwe apo inoramba ichizvimirira.

Zvinetso Zvokuramba Tiine Tsika Nokusasarura

Kunyange zvazvo matare ehurumende ane zvinhu zvakawanda zvokudzivirira kuti pave nokururamisira, anotarisana nematambudziko anoramba achiramba achizivikanwa nevanhu uye achiruramisira pasina rusaruro.

Zvinofungwa Nesimba Rezvamatongerwe Enyika

Nokuti vatongi vehurumende vanogadzwa nevakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa (Purezidhendi neDare), Mutungamiriri wehurumende anosarudza mutongi mumwe nomumwe asingadzivisiki, izvi zvinogona kuita kuti vatongi vafunge kuti vanobva mune zvematongerwo enyika, kunyange pavanenge vachiedza kusasarura.

Kana vatongi vaizozvirangarira vamene kana kuti kuzviratidzira vamene sevamapoka ezvamatongerwe enyika akasiana - siana kupfurikidza nokupfeka majekiseni eboka, uye kana mapoka namagweta vaizoona vatongi vakashongedzwa kwazvo, chinoitika chacho chaizoparadza zvose zviri zviviri zvokwadi nechitarisiko chematare anoruramisira, asina rusaruro, asina rusaruro. Zvomene nechitarisiko zvacho zviri mudavidzo yenguva dzose, uye tinofanira kurangarira zvose zviri zviviri mukurukurirano ipi neipi yematare anozvimirira neakarurama.

Matare ehurumende anoshanda kurwisa iyi mifungo kupfurikidza nokuzvipira kwawo kutevera mutemo nomuenzaniso, kupfurikidza nokuoneka kwemirangariro yawo yakanyorwa inotsanangura kufunga kwavo, uye kupfurikidza netsika yesangano inosimbisa kuzvimirira kwokutonga nokusasarura.

Mazano Okushandisa Mari

Pasinei zvapo nenhamburiko dzinopfuurira, dzimwe nzvimbo dzenhau dzinononozeka uye matare anoramba aripo. Dzimwe nhambo dzinoparirwa namasimba okunze anopfuura udzori hwedare, hadzigoni kudziviswa, uye usarangarira miitiro yedare yokutarisira mhaka. Neiyi nzwisiso, iyi gadziriro inoraira matare eDare, Dare reDare reDare, uye madare amatare edare kuti apfuurire kuita zvine mufungo, zvakabatanidzwa, uye nhamburiko dzinobatira pamwe dzokuderedza nhafu yenhau dzinodzivisika uye kunonotswa kwenhau dzinodzivisika.

Kana nyaya dzikatora makore kuti dzigadziriswe, zvapupu zvisisayeuki, uchapupu hungarasika, uye vanhu vangamanikidzwa kupinda munzvimbo dzisina kunaka nemhaka bedzi yokuti havakwanisi kuramba vachipa mvumo. matare ehurumende anoramba achishanda kuti adzikamise kudiwa kwokungwarira, anyatsoongorora nyaya dzacho nokuda kugadziriswa panguva yakakodzera.

Kupiwa kwakarurama nokusasarura kweruramisiro kunotapurwawo nendyiko dzakakwirira. Ndyiko dzakakwirira dzinoita kuti matare ehurumende ave anosvikika zvishoma. Ndyiko dzokupa murairo dzine bviro yokudzivisa mhatsa yenhau dzinouya pamberi pedare redare uye dzingava namapati anodzvinyirira zvisina kufanira akananga kugadzikiswa. Kuedza kusvika kururamisiro nokuda kwavose, pasinei zvapo nezviwanikwa zvemari, kunoramba kuri denho inopfuurira.

Kukosha Kwetsika Dzokutonga

Mutemo uyu unoratidza tsika dzinopfuura dzinodiwa zviri pamutemo, uchigadza zvinangwa zvokuda kutongwa.

Vatongi havafaniri kudzivisa bedzi kusaremekedza, asiwo chitarisiko chokusazvidzora mumabasa avo ose. Iyi mirairo inoshanda kumufambiro wepabhengi pamwe chete nomufambiro wepabhengi. Nemhaka yokuti mufambiro wokuwedzera wokutonga womutongi ungaderedza chivimbo chavanhu mudare, vatongi vanofanira kudzivisa kusazvidzora uye chitarisiko chokusachena panguva dzose, mungava mumabasa avo ehurumende savatongi kana kuti mumufambiro wavo wokuwedzera wokutonga savagari vemo voga.

Uyu mupimo wakakwirira unobvuma kuti vatongi vanhu vane mufambiro wavo, pose pari paviri pabhenji, unotapura chivimbo chavose mugadziriro yokutonga.vatongi veFederal vanokarirwa kuchengeta mipimo yakakwirira zvikurusa yomufambiro womunhu oga nowenyanzvi, vachidzivisa kunyange chitarisiko chokusazvibata.

Kana vatongi vachizopiwa rusununguko, kunokosha kuti vashandise chiremera chavo nokukwanisa, kusasarura, uye perero. kuzvitonga kunotonga kunogona kushanda nenzira yakarurama bedzi apo vatongi vanodzidzwa mumutemo ndokuzvibata vamene neperero nomutoro. Uku kubatana pakati pokuzvimirira nomutoro kunokosha: kuzvimirira hakusati kuri ropafadzo nokuda kwebetsero yomunhu oga yavatongi, asi chishandiso chinovagonesa kuita ruramisiro nenzira isina muganhu.

Matare Ehurumende Nematare Ehurumende: Ukama Hwakaoma Kunzwisisa

MuUnited States, hurumende yehurumende nehurumende imwe neimwe ine marunda adzo amene emitemo nemiitiro yadzo dzimene yedare.

Chitendero cheConstitution yeU.S. chinopa kuti Bumbiro reMitemo nemitemo yehurumende zvive "Mutemo wakakwirira weNyika". Ikoku kunoreva kuti Bumbiro reMitemo nomutemo wehurumende zvinofanira kukunda mitemo inorwisana yehurumende, uye matare ehurumende anofanira kushandisa mutemo wehurumende apo inodzora nhau. Kunorevawo kuti matare ehurumende, zvikurukuru Dare Rapamusoro, ichiremera chokupedzisira pakududzira mutemo wehurumende uye kuva nechiremera chemitemo chehurumende chokuhwirudzura zvisarudzo zvedare izvo zvinonzi zvinorwisana neBumbiro remitemo kana kuti mutemo wenyika.

Ukama uhwu hunovimbisa kuti kodzero dzebumbiro remitemo dzinodzivirirwa zvakafanana munyika dzose, nepo dzichiri kubvumira hurumende kuzvitonga kukuru mukukudziridza nokushandisa mitemo yadzo panhau dzisingadzorwi nomutemo wehurumende.

Kutapura Kwezvisarudzo Zvedare Rehurumende

Basa rematare ehurumende kazhinji kazhinji rinotapura vanhu vazhinji kunze kwaavo vanobatanidzwa mudare rakati. Somuenzaniso, chisarudzo cheDare Rapamusorosoro mu 1954 Brown vs. Board of Education yakatapura vanhu vazhinji kupfuura mupurisa, Linda Brown. Muuyo wechisarudzo chacho, vana veAfrica muAfrica munyika yose vakabvumirwa kupinda zvikoro zvose zvavose zvapamberi penyika.

Uyu muenzaniso unoratidzira kuti zvisarudzo zvedare romubatanidzwa, zvikurukuru Dare Rapamusorosoro, zvinogona sei kuva netapuro dzinochinja panzanga yeAmerica. Kupfurikidza nokududzira Bumbiro remitemo nomutemo wehurumende, matare anoumba gadziriro yapamutemo mukati mayo vaAmerica vose vanorarama. Iri simba rine mutoro mukuru uye rinosimbisa ukoshi hwokuva nechokwadi chokuti matare ehurumende anoita zvisarudzo nenzira yakaenzana uye isina chizivano.

Zvisarudzo zvedare rehurumende zvinotapura kwete bedzi vabatanidzwa vanobatanidzwa zvakananga mukurwisana asiwo kuumba nheyo dzapamutemo dzinotungamirira mufambiro munzanga yose. Mabhizimisi anoronga mabasa awo akavakirwa padudziro dzedare dzomutemo wokutonga. Vanhu vamwe navamwe vanoshandisa maruramiro avo ebumbiro remitemo pamiganhu yedare inowirirana nekodzero idzodzo. Vakuru vakuru vehurumende pamwero yose vanofanira kuwirirana nezvisarudzo zvedare zvinodudzira miganhu yesimba rehurumende.

Matare Ehurumende Anokosha

Mukuwedzera kugadziriro yavose ine zvikamu zvitatu zvematare oruwa, matare ezvikwiriso, uye Dare Rapamusoro Zvikurusa, gadziriro yehurumende inobatanidza matare chaiwo anoverengeka akagadzirirwa kubata marudzi akati emhaka.

Dare reBhankruptic rinobetsera vanhu namabhizimisi avo vasingagoni kubhadhara zvikwereti zvavo kuwana mavambo matsva. Aya matare chaiwo akatanga unyanzvi munharaunda yakaoma yomutemo wokubhuroka, achivabvumira kubata nhau idzi nenzira inobudirira zvikuru uye inobudirira kupfuura zvaigona kuitwa nematare makuru.

Kupfuura Federal Circle, matare mashomanene akatangwa kubata nezvikumbiro panhau dzakati dzakadai sevagara nebasa vanotaura (United States Court of Appeals Powers) uye nhau dzehondo (Dare Rokukwirira reUnited States nokuda kweMasimba Anoshongedzerwa). aya matare enyanzvi anobvumira kutangwa kwounyanzvi munharaunda dzakati dzomutemo nepo achichengeta kuzvipira kumwe cheteko kurusarurano nerusarura izvo zvinoratidzira matare makuru omubatanidzwa.

Basa Rokumiririra Mutemo

Kuita chisarudzo chakarurama mumatare ehurumende kunotsamira kwete bedzi pavatongi vasina rusaruro asiwo pamimiririri yapamutemo inobudirira nokuda kwemativi ose. Mumhaka dzoutsotsi, Sixth Amendment inovimbisa maruramiro ezano, uye matare ehurumende anogadza magweta nokuda kwavakwirirwi avo vasingagoni kubhadharisa. Gadziriro yehurumende inogovera ratidziro yapamutemo yakakwirira kuva nechokwadi chokuti vapomeri vanopomerwa vanogamuchira kutongwa kwakarurama.

Munhau dzehurumende, nepo kazhinji kazhinji pasina maruramiro ebumbiro remitemo okugadza zano, matare ehurumende akatanga miitiro yakasiana - siana yokusimudzira kusvika kururamisiro.idzi dzinobatanidza masangano eprobo umo magweta anozvipira mabasa awo, masangano eyamuro apamutemo anogamuchira mari yehurumende, uye mitemo yemitemo inobvumira vamwe vapi navapi kupfuurira pasina kubhadhara mari yokubhadharisa kana vasingakwanisi kuabhadhara.

Ruvara rwemimiririri yepamutemo rune chokuita zvikuru nemhaka yedare. Magweta akanyatsogadzirirwa anovimbisa kuti uchapupu hunopiwa, nharo dzemitemo dzinorongwa zvakanaka, uye kodzero dzemitemo dzinodzivirirwa. Gadziriro yezvokutongwa, umo rutivi rumwe norumwe runotaura nyaya yarwo yakanakisisa, inotsamira pamimiririri inokwanisa kuti ishande zvinobudirira.

Kupfuurira Kudzidza Nokufambira Mberi Kwedzidzo

Federal Judicial Center inogovera gadziriro dzokurovedza vatongi vatsva nedzidzo inopfuurira nokuda kwavatongi vane ruzivo rwokuzviwanira panhau dzinovambira pazvinoitika zvitsva mumutemo kusvikira kumiitiro yokutarisira kusvikira kunhau dzetsika.

Iyi misengwa yokupfuurira kwedzidzo inovimbisa kuti vatongi vehurumende varambe varipo nezvinoitika zvapamutemo, vadzidze muzvinoitika zvomumwe nomumwe, uye vapfuurire kunatsiridza unyanzvi hwavo. Kunogoverawo mikana yokuti vatongi vakurukure nhau dzetsika dzinodenha uye vasimbise kuzvipira kwavo kukusasarura uye kururamisira.

Vatongi pavanoongorora zvisarudzo zvematare, zvavanofunga zvinotungamirira kwete chete nyaya yacho asiwo kuti nyaya dzakafanana dzinofanira kugadziriswa sei munguva yemberi.Kukurukurirana uku kunoramba kuri pakati pevatongi pamwero wakasiyana kunobatsira kuti pave nechokwadi chokuti mitemo inoshanda uye kuti ibudirire.

Nguva Yemberi Yematare Akanaka

Vatongi vachapfuurira kugovera ruramisiro yakarurama neinosarura nomutoo unobudirira uye vanosvitsa zvinodikanwa zvitsva nezvinowedzera, vachiomerera kumipimo yayo mikuru. Vatongi vakatanhamara navanozvimirira; vatongi vakazvitsaurira; vatongi vane ndangariro dzakanaka; mirau ine mufungo, inosvikika, uye inonzverwa zvakanaka; nguva yokurangarira; uye ngwariro kunhau dzakati iri pakati pezviratidzo zvedare rehurumende.

Sezvo chaunga chinochinja uye denho itsva dzinomuka, matare ehurumende anofanira kugadziridza achichengeta kuzvipira kwawo kururamisiro nokusasarura. Ruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu rwuri kuchinja mashandire anoita matare, kubva pamakombiyuta ekombiyuta kusvikira kukupiwa kwenhau dziri kure. Uku kuvandudza kunogona kuvandudza kusvika kururamisiro nokubudirira, asi anofanira kuitwa nokungwarira kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti havasabvumirani pane zvisina kururama kana kuti kugadzira mhinganidzo itsva dzokuwana.

Dare rehurumende rinotarisanawo nedenho dzinopfuurira mukukurukura fungira mano akaipa kwakakwana nokuva nechokwadi chokuti ruramisiro yakaenzana zvirokwazvo nokuda kwavose. Nepo rusaruro rwakabviswa zvikurukuru mumatare, nzvero yakaratidza kuti fungira mano akaipa dzisingazivi dzinogona kutapura kuita zvisarudzo. matare eFrederal ari kushanda kupedza idzi nhau kupfurikidza nerovedzo, chinjo dzemiitiro, uye kuzvinzvera kunopfuurira.

Nei matare Akanaka Achikosha Kumunhu Wose

Zuva nezuva paunobva mumba mako wofamba mumugwagwa, uri kushandisa kodzero dzako pasi peBumbiro Remitemo. Ndiani anokudzivirira apo hurumende inodzongonyedza kodzero dziya dzinotaurwa muFirst Amendment?

Kunyange vanhu vasingambopindi mudare vanobatsirwa nematare ehurumende anoruramisira uye asingasaruri, matare anodzivirira kodzero dzebumbiro remitemo, anova nechokwadi chokuti mitemo inoshandiswa nguva dzose, inopedza nharo murugare, uye inoongorora kushandiswa zvisina kufanira kwesimba rehurumende.

Dare rakazaruka uye rinosvikwa kumunhu upi noupi anotanga kana kuti anokweverwa mudare, kubatanidza magavhuna ehurumende, magweta, vatongi, uye zvapupu. Uku kuwanikwa kunovimbisa kuti matare anobatira mitezo yose yenzanga, kwete bedzi vakapfuma kana kuti vane simba. Kana mumwe munhu ari kukwirira sangano, achidzivirira papomero dzoutsotsi, achitsvaka dziviriro, kana kuti anodenha murairo wehurumende, anogona kuva nechivimbo chokuti matare ehurumende achasarudza nhau yawo yakavakirwa pamutemo namaidi, kwete paari kana kuti ane mari yakawanda sei.

Kupedzisa: Kuzvipira Kururamisiro Kunopfuurira

Musengwa wedare rehurumende wokuita chisarudzo chakanaka uye chisina rusaruro uri panheyo dzakawanda: dziviriro dzebumbiro remitemo nokuda kwokuzvimirira kwokutonga, dzidziso yemuenzaniso inosimudzira kusachinja, dziviriro dzetsika dzinovimbisa muitiro wakafanira, kujeka kunogonesa tarisiro yavose, uye tsika yesangano inokoshesa kusasarura kupfuura zvimwe zvose.

Kukwanisa kwematare kuita zvisarudzo zvakarurama hakungobvi pamiitiro yakarongwa uye nzira dzataurwa munyaya ino asiwo pakuzvipira kwevatongi, magweta, vashandi vedare, uye vagari vemo kuti vatsigire mitemo yokururamisira uye mutemo.

Nepo pasina gadziriro yavanhu yakakwana, gadziriro yamatare ehurumende yakatanga anopfuura mazana maviri amakore kuva mutoo wakaoma zvikuru wokuva nechokwadi chokuti kakavadzano dzinopedzwa nenzira yakarurama uye kuti mutemo unoshandiswa zvakaenzana kuvose.

Kunzwisisa kuti matare ehurumende anoita sei zvisarudzo zvakarurama kunobetsera vagari vemo kunzwisisa kuoma kwegadziriro yokutonga uye dziviriro dzakawanda dzakavakwa mairi. Kunosimbisawo ukoshi hwokudzivirira kuzvimirira kwokutonga nokutsigira mano ematare okushanda nenzira inobudirira. Munhambo yokuparadzana kwezvamatongerwe enyika nokuderera kwechivi mumasangano, kuchengeta chivimbo chavose mumatare anoruramisira uye asingasaruri kunokosha zvikuru kupfuura nakare kose.

Musengwa wematare ehurumende kukururama haisi nhau yokungotevera mitemo nemiitiro. Inoratidzira musengwa wakadzama kunheyo yokuti vanhu vose vakaenzana pamberi pomutemo uye kuti ruramisiro inofanira kuva isingaoni pfuma, simba, uye pesvedzero yezvamatongerwe enyika. Iyi musengwa, unobatanidzwa mubasa rezuva nezuva rezviuru zvavatongi, vatongi, mabharani, uye vamwe vashandi vedare, ndiyo inoita kuti tsika yedare remubatanidzwa ive chinhu chinokosha chehurumende yeAmerica.

Nokuda kwamashoko akawanda pamusoro pegadziriro yedare rehurumende, shanyira United States dare rekunyoresa repanzvimbo inosarira yepanobhurokwa pa , iro rinogovera zviwanikwa zvakawanda pamusoro pemagariro edare, miitiro, uye mabasa. Nhevedzo yeDare [ inopa mashoko pamusoro pedare repamusorosoro renyika, kubatanidza kusvika kupfungwa nenharo dzemuromo. Avo vanofarira kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pezvigaro zvedare nemitemo vanogona kunzvera zviwanikwa nemasangano akafanana ne [[FLT:] Constitution Actigation Center[FFF:5] uye masangano edzidzo anofunda judiary.

Dare rehurumende nderevanhu vose vokuAmerica. Kupfurikidza nokunzwisisa nzira yadzinoshanda nayo kuva nechokwadi chokururamisira nokusasarura, vagari vemo vanogona kunzwisisa zviri nani basa ravo rinokosha mukudzivirira kodzero, kupedza gakava, uye kutsigira Bumbiro remitemo. Uku kunzwisisawo kunobetsera kuchengeta chivimbo chavanhu chinokosha kurubudiriro runopfuurira rwematare uye kuva akavimbika.