Kunzwisisa Kunzwisisa Tsika Mukuchinja Kwetsika

Kuziva tsika muukama hwavanhu itsika kuziva, kuremekedza, uye kuchinjira kumisiano yetsika inoumba nzira iyo nzanga dzinonzwisisa nokugamuchira nayo mashoko. Kusvika kwavagari vemo, ikoku kunoreva kufamba kupfuura kurukurirano yose yakaenzana uye kutanga mashoko anowirirana zvechokwadi kuvateereri vakasiyana - siyana. Apo inoitwa zvakanaka, inovaka chivimbo chePR inotapurwa netsika, inoderedza kusanzwisisana, uye inowedzera kuwirirana mumadzinza, mitauro, uye magariro enzanga.

Kusvika kunoitwa navanhu kunobudirira kunoda kunzwisisa kuti tsika dzinopesvedzera mitoo yekurukurirano, miitiro yokuita zvisarudzo, uye miitiro yokuvaka kuvimba. Somuenzaniso, dzimwe nzanga dzingaisa kurukurirano yakananga apo dzimwe dzinokoshesa nenzira isina kunanga, mitoo yokuvaka ukama. 20211 fundo inobva ku Pew Research Center[ yakawana kuti 62% yeU.S. inodavira kuti hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinofanira kuita zvakawanda kusvika nzanga dzakasiyana- siyana. Iyi kariro inosimbisa kukurumidzira kwokushandisa mari mugadziriro dzokutumira mashoko dzinobudirira.

Mashoko anoshandiswa zvisina kunaka anogona kuparadzanisa vanhu, kutoita kuti zvikuvadzike.

Chikonzero Nei Kunzwisisa Tsika Kuchikosha Mundima Dzemichero

Kusvika kunzvimbo dzinonzi Convic kunosanganisira zvirongwa zvoutano, kunyoresa kwevondi, kuronga nzanga, uye kukurukurirana kwemamiriro okunze engozi.

Nzvero inobva Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) inosimbisa kuti kutumira mashoko outano kunofanira kuzvidavirira nokuda kwezvitendero zvetsika, miganhu yemitauro, uye mwero yokuvimba. Nheyo imwe cheteyo inoshanda kukurukurirano dzose dzehurumende. Kana mashoko achinzwa ari echokwadi uye anoremekedza, mitezo yenzanga ine bviro huru yokutora rutivi, kugoverana mashoko, uye kubatira pamwe namasangano.

Nzvero Yapakuvamba: Ziva Zvakadzama Kunzwa Kwako

Usati wanyora shoko rimwe, shandisa nguva yako kudzidza nezvenzanga dzaunoda kusvika. Mashoko anosvika panzvimbo yakaderera akakwana. Unoda nzwisiso yetsika, tsika, tsika, uye mashoko akapoteredza. Nzira dzinobudirira dzokutsvakurudza dzinosanganisira:

  • Nhevedzo dzokuteerera dzinoteererwa [ - kurukurirano duku dzeboka apo vagari vemo vanogona kugoverana mirangariro yavo mumhoteredzo yakakotsekana.
  • Tsvakanwa nemibvunzo yakasimbiswa mutsika [ - kuva nechokwadi chamashoko emibvunzo akakodzera uye anodzivisa rusaruro.
  • [ Mirangariro navatungamiriri venzanga vanovimbwa – ava vanhu vanogona kugovera mashoko akapoteredza ndokushanda samabhiriji etsika.
  • Kushambadza kwekurukurirano dziripo – Ongorora izvo mamwe masangano akaita nenzira inobudirira munzanga dzakafanana.
  • Kupesana kwematunhu – Tarira pamashoko okuverenga vanhu, zvinodikanwa zvomutauro, uye zvinhu zvenzanga nezvemari zvakaputsikirwa neboka duku.

Chikanganiso chimwe chinozivikanwa navose kurangarira mapoka makuru akadai se "Asian" kana kuti "Hispanic" semonlic. Mapoka aya ane mhatsa huru. Somuenzaniso, nhimbe yavagari vamo vanotaura veChina ingada mitoo yakasiana kupfuura imwe nokuda kwavagari vemo vanotaura veVietnamese, kunyange kana vose vari vaviri vakarangarirwa seAsian America. Nenzira yakafanana, vatami vechizvarwa chokutanga vangava nekurukurirano yakasiana kupfuura vanhu vechizvarwa chechipiri.

Kuziva Tsika Nenzira Dzokukurukurirana

Tsika imwe neimwe ine mipimo yakasiana iyo inotapura nzira iyo vanhu vanogamuchira nayo mashoko.

  • Individial vs. provicism - Mashoko anosimbisa betsero yomunhu oga angashanda mutsika dzomunhu oga, nepo tsika dzinounganidza dzichipindura zviri nani kumashoko pamusoro pegarikano zvakanaka yenzanga.
  • [ musimboti wesimba [ - Mutsika dzakakwirira dzesimba, mashoko anoratidza ruremekedzo nokuda kwevane chiremera navakuru angabudirira zvikuru.
  • [ Ufakazi hwokusazvidzora - Tsika dzinopanikira zvikuru dzinoda mashoko akajeka, akadzama nemirayiridzo yakajeka.
  • [ Kuratidza nguva - Dzimwe tsika dzinonangidzira ngwariro pakuronga nguva refu, nepo dzimwe dzichiisa zvinodikanwa zvazvino.
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Somuenzaniso, nhimbe yavanhu yekotsekano yenzanga munzanga inounganidza zvinhu, yakarongwa zvikuru ingashandisa kurondedzera nokusimbisa mutoro wavose panzvimbo pechiito chimwe nechimwe.

Mutauro Usingabatanidzwi: Hakusi Kungodzivisa Kugumburwa

Mutauro unobatanidza unopfuura kudzivisa kutuka kana kuti kunyanyozivikanwa. Kunoreva kusarudza mashoko anosimbisa chiremera, anoratidza zvinosarudzwa nenzanga, uye kudzivisa kusimbisa kusasarura. American Psychological Association [ inogovera nhungamiro nokuda kwomutauro usina rusaruro unoshanda kukurukurirano dzevagari vemo.

Dzimwe dzacho ndeidzi:

  • Shandisa munhu wokutanga kana kuti kutanga kuzivikanwa sezvinodiwa[[FL:1] - Nokuda kwenzanga dzinoremara, bvunza kuti ndedzipi nzira dzavanoda. Vamwe vanhu vanosarudza "kuchinja neurema," nepo vamwe vachida kuti "munhu asingazvizivi."
  • Dzivisa mashoko anoderedza vanhu kuva chiratidzo chimwe – somuenzaniso, iti "vanhu vasina pokugara" panzvimbo pe“vasina musha.
  • Nyatsonongedzera kunzanga[[FT:1] - Panzvimbo pe "nzanga dzakasiana," dudza mapoka akati auri kutaura kwaari, asi iva nechokwadi chokuti une zvikonzero zvechokwadi zvokuita kudaro.
  • Dzivisa madimikira namadimikira angasashandura - Mabinzana akadai se "kuzvisimudza nebhutsu dzako" kana kuti "chiverengero cheballpark" zvinogona kuvhiringidza vatauri vasiri vemitsetse.
  • Check yerusaruro rwakavanzika[ – mashoko akafanana ne "irterate" angatakura kunyadziswa; shandisa "kudzidza kunyorwa" kana kuti "kuda kutsigirwa nomutauro" kana zvakakodzera.

Mutauro unobatanidzawo kushandiswa kwezvisazitasingwi. Mitezo yenzanga inoda kuona ufakazi hwayo huchiremekedzwa mukurukurirano dzavagari vemo. Hurumende zhinji dzomunzvimbomo zvino dzinobatanidza nzvimbo dzinomirira zvisazitasingwi muzvimiro uye kushandisa chinhu chimwe "idzo" muzvinhu zvinooneka pachena.

Kukurukura Kuora Mwoyo Kwenhau Nokusavimbana

Nzanga dzakawanda, zvikurukuru dzeBlack, dzerudzi, uye mamwe mapoka akasarurwa, ane nhamo yenhau ine chokuita namasangano ehurumende. mashoko oukama hwavanhu anoramba nhau iyi sezvingabvira achakundikana.

Somuenzaniso, nhimbe yokupedza kugadzirwa kwemarara matsva munharaunda yakaganhurirwa munhau inofanira kukurukura pachena kusaruramisira kwemhoteredzo kwakapfuura ndokutsanangura kuti gadziriro itsva ichaagadzirisa sei.

Mitoo Yakagadzirirwa Kuzivisa Mashoko

Kana wangotsvakurudza uye wangoshandisa mitemo yemitauro yakawanda, danho rinotevera nderokugadzira mashoko acho chaiwo.

Kubatana Nevakuru Venzanga Nemasangano

Vatungamiriri venzanga vanovimbwa, masangano anotsamira pakutenda, masangano etsika, uye zvinobudisa nhau zvedzinza ishamwari dzinokosha. Vanogona kuhwirudzura mashoko nokuda kwekufanira kwetsika, kugovera rudungwe rwebumbiro renzwi, uye betsero dzinoparadzirwa. Uku kubatira pamwe hakufaniri kuva kwechisipo; kutsiva vakwanyina venzanga nenzira yakaenzana nokuda kwounyanzvi hwavo nenguva.

Rangarira kugadzira dare renzanga rinobatanidza vamiriri vanobva mumapoka makuru etsika. Iri dare rinogona kuhwirudzura kurukurirano dzose huru pamberi pokutanga. Somuenzaniso, guta reMinneapolis rakashandisa muitiro webvumirano yenzanga nokuda kwechiito charo charo chakarurama [ icho chaibatanidza misangano yenguva dzose namasangano enzanga yeBIPOC netsigiro yeshanduro yomutauro.

Shandura uye Funga Nezvako

Kushandura hakusi basa retsika, shanduro yemakambani inogona kubudisa migumisiro chaiyo kana kuti inogumbura.Basa navashanduri vane unyanzvi avo vari vatauri vemo uye vanonzwisisa mashoko akapoteredza etsika. Kuwedzera, kushandurwa kwomunzvimbomo kunobatanidza kuchinja mienzaniso, nongedzero, uye zviono kuti zvive zvinowirirana navateereri vanodiwa.

Shanduro huru uye mazano okushandura:

  • Shandisa kushandura kwokudzokera shure kunzvera ururami: Iva nomushanduri wechipiri anoshandura shanduro yomunzvimbomo achidzokera kumutauro wapakuvamba.
  • Funga nezvemitauro miduku uye kusiyana kwemaruwa: ChiSpanish chinotaurwa muMexico chakasiyana nechemuPuerto Rico kana kuti Spain.
  • Tsigira vanhu vakawanda kuverenga: Vamwe vomunharaunda vanogona kunge vasingagoni kuverenga nokunyora mumutauro wavo wokutanga; funga nezvemavhidhiyo kana kuti zvokuteerera.
  • Batanidza zviono nemifananidzo kumashoko okuwedzera.
  • Edza kuongorora zvinhu zvakashandurwa nevakurukuri vemo usati wabudiswa.

Shandisa Zvinooneka Zvinoratidza Kusiyana - siyana Kwezvinhu

Pane kudaro, shandisa mifananidzo inomiririra vanhu vari munzvimbo yacho, uchiratidza vanhu vari mumamiriro ezvinhu anenge akakodzera.

Uyewo rangarira kufananidzira ruvara. Mudzimwe tsika, chena chinofananidzira rucheno uye chakakodzera nokuda kwemichato; mune dzimwe, chinomirira kuchema. Mutsvuku ungareva mhanza yakanaka mutsika dzeChina asi ngozi muMadokero. Kunzvera ruvara kunoreva boka rimwe nerimwe.

Mashoko Okuedza Nemapoka Maduku

Usati watanga nhimbe muguta rose, ita nzvero nemapoka evatyairi vendege kubva kunzvimbo yakavambwa. Kumbira vatori rutivi kutsanangura mashoko acho mumashoko avo vamene kuti vanzvere nzwisiso. Bvunza kana chinhu chipi nechipi chichinzwa kuva chinogumbura, chinovhiringidza, kana kuti chisina basa. Chinje zvakavakirwa pamhinduro. Iyi nhanho inogona kudzivisa mhosho dzinodhura ndokuvaka chivimbo nokukurumidza.

Kuongorora kunofanira kusanganisirawo kuongorora mikoto yemashoko. Dzimwe nzanga dzinoda mashoko kubva kumashoko edzinza, nzvimbo dzinobudisa nhau dzinozivikanwa munharaunda yadzo, kana kuti mashoko nesocial network. Nhimbe inoshandiswa bedzi mumapepanhau omutauro weChirungu kana kuti zvinobudisa nhau zvenzanga zvichashaikwa nevanhu vanokosha.

Kushandisa Miitiro Yakanakisisa Yokubudirira Kusingaperi

Kuziva tsika hakusi kushandira kwenguva imwe asi kuzvipira kunoramba kuripo. Masangano anofanira kuisa miitiro iyi mumashandiro aanoita.

Kuvaka Ukama Hwenguva Refu

Kupinda muzviitiko zvetsika, tsigira purogiramu dzenzanga, uye kuhaya vashandi vomunharaunda dzaunoshumira.

Somuenzaniso, King County, hurumende yeWashington ine muitiro wakare-kare webatano dzenzanga mumapoka etsika akasiyana- siyana. Uku batano hadzisati dziri vashanduri bedzi asi ishamwari dzakazara mukuronga gadziriro dzokuwana.

Kuzvideredza uye Kuzvidzora

Tsvaka zviratidzo zvikuru zvebasa (KPIS) zvinopfuura kusvika uye zvinofungwa. Cherechedza kana mashoko achinzwisiswa, achivimbwa, uye achishandisirwa. Shandisa nzvero dzenzanga, mapoka, uye mashoko okutora rutivi. Kana nhimbe iri pasi pevashandi munzanga yakati, nzvera kuti nei uye gadziridza.

Itai kuti vanhu vomunharaunda vataure kuti vane hanya netsika. Iva nechokwadi chokuti pane nzira yokupindura nokukurumidza uye nenzira inooneka. Kana zvikanganiso zvikaitika, zvibvumei uye tsanangurai kuti muchaita zviri nani.

Rovedza Chikwata Chako

Munhu ari wose anobatanidzwa muukama hwavose (kubva kuvanyori kusvikira kuvagadziri vane mifananidzo kusvikira kuvarongi vapamberi) vanofanira kugamuchira rovedzo mumakwikwi etsika. Iyi rovedzo inofanira kufukidza fungidziro yakakwana, mutauro wakabatanidzwa, kurukurirano yetsika dzavanhu, uye tsika dzenzanga. Vazorodzi venguva dzose vanoramba vane unyanzvi hwakajeka.

Fungawo nezvevashandi vanoshanda mumarudzi akasiyana - siyana, vanokwanisa kuisa mashoko akasiyana - siyana (DEI) vanogona kupa mazano nezvekurukurirano dzose.

Fundo Yenhau: Chibvumirano Chinoitika Chine Mitemo Yakawanda

Muna 2022, guta reSan Antonio rakatanga nhimbe yokuwedzera kutora rutivi muAffordble Contassionation Program yaro yeAfforditable, iyo inogovera basa reInternet kumhuri dzinowana mari shoma. Hofisi yekurukurirano yeguta yakaziva kuti vagari vazhinji vakakodzera vaiva vakurukuri veSpain, Southeast Asia, uye vaAfrican American vane mwero yakasiana yokurava nokunyora.

Vakatora matanho anoverengeka okutapurika etsika:

  • Akabatanidzwa namasangano 15 akavakirwa munzanga anomirira boka guru rimwe nerimwe redzinza.
  • Vaiteerera muchiVietnamese, chiSpanish, chiArabhu, uye chiTagalog.
  • Vaigadzira mavhidhiyo airatidza vanhu vaigara munzvimbo iyoyo vaishandisa purogiramu yacho, vachipfura mumisha yavo nenharaunda.
  • Zvinhu zvakashandurirwa mumitauro minomwe uye zvakashandiswa mumifananidzo yenzanga.
  • Vashandi vakarovedzwa vari mumaraibhurari nomunzanga vanonyanya kutaura nezvokuzvininipisa kwetsika uye nzira yokupindura nayo mibvunzo pasina kukanganisa.

Migumisiro yacho yakanga inokosha: kunyoresa mupurogiramu kwakawedzera ne40% munzanga dzavanyajambwa mukati memwedzi mitanhatu, uye nzvero dzokugutsikana dzakaratidza mwero yakakwirira yechivimbo mukurukurirano dzeguta. Nhimbe yacho gare gare yakazivikanwa neNational Association of Counties nokuda kwamashoko akaisvonaka muruzhinji.

Chidzidzo chinokosha: Kushandisa mari yokutsvakurudza, kushandira pamwe, uye kutakura zvinhu zvakawanda kwakaita kuti pave nokuvandudza kwaibvira.

Kuyera Kunzwisisa Kwetsika Mumirayiridzo

Nepo mamwe mativi okuziva tsika ari okuwedzera, masangano anogona kutanga mativi akaenzana kuti aone kushanda kwawo nokufamba kwenguva. Rangarira kushandisa:

  • Chivimbo chamasangano - nzvero dzenguva dzose dzinoyera kuti mapoka enzanga akasiyana - siyana anovimba sei nesangano rako.
  • [ Mishumo inoyeuka nokunzwisisa – Vateereri vanyajambwa vanoyeuka maidi makuru here?
  • Mashoko kupfurikidza nokugara kwechiverengero chavagari vemo [[FL:1] - rap, rinogoverana, uye mwero yavapindi inoputswa norudzi, dzinza, mutauro, uye geography.
  • Mwero yemhinduro [ – Kunyunyuta kwakaderera kungasaratidzira budiriro; chibvumikiso chinoshanda icho chiri chakanaka uye chinovaka chiratidzo chiri nani.
  • Kunyanyisa kwekuziviswa kwezvinobudisa nhau - Mashoko ako ari kutorwa nezvinobudisa nhau zvemadzinza here?

Mitezo yenzanga painozoona kuti kupindura kwayo kunoita kuti kuchinja kuwedzere, kuvimbana kunokura.

Misungo Inowanzosashandiswa

Kunyange nhimbe dzakasanorangarirwa dzinogona kuva dzisina kururama. Hedzino zvikanganiso zvapanguva nenguva muvanhu vetsika PR:

  • Chechi yeToken - kubatanidza mutezo mumwe wenzanga kana kuti mufananidzo nokuda kwemhatsa pasina wirirano yechokwadi.
  • [[[Nhamba: 0] Kubatanidza – Kushandisa zvinhu zvetsika (umh., mufananidzo, mutauro) pasina mvumo kana kuti kunzwisisa.
  • Kuzvinyima - kufungidzira mitezo yose yeboka ine mipimo yakafanana, zvitendero, kana kuti mitoo yekurukurirano.
  • Kutadza kuwirirana kwepamhesano - Kukundikana kurangarira kuti rudzi, dzinza, boka, urema, uye mamwe mazivikanwo anoshanda sei.
  • Kuzvidzora [ - Apo mitezo yenzanga inomutsa funganyo, kupindura netsananguro panzvimbo pokuteerera nokugadziridza.
  • [[[FT:0] Kukurukurirana kumwe [ - Kushandisa zvinobudisa mashoko panzvimbo pokutanga mikana yokukurukurirana nokupindura.

Dzivisa izvi nokuramba uine pfungwa dzinozvininipisa, uchiita kuti vanhu vatange vataura, uye kuona kushingaira kwose somukana wokudzidza pane kuti kuve chinhu chapera.

Mugumisiro: Hwaro Hwokubatanidzwa Kwakasimba

Kukudziridza mashoko anotapura magariro avanhu enzanga hachisi chinhu chokusarudza chokuwedzera pakusvika kwehurumende nechaichocho. Apo mashoko anoremekedza misiyano yetsika, anoshandisa mutauro wakasiyana, uye anopiwa kupfurikidza nemikoto inovimbwa nayo, anogona kuputsa mhinganidzo, kuvaka chivimbo, uye kukurudzira kutora rutivi kune revo.

Zvirongwa zvakarongwa muiyi nhungamiro (8) kunzvera kukuru kwevateereri, kushandira pamwe kwenzanga, shanduro yakangwara uye kunyoresa, mutauro unobatanidza kuona zvinhu, uye kuramba uchiongororwa (kuronga gadziriro inoshanda yesangano ripi neripi rehurumende. Nokuita miitiro iyi, unobva pakutepfenyura, kubva pakutaura munzanga kuenda kukutaura navo.

Sezvo nhamba yevanhu vari munyika yose inoramba ichichinja - chinja muUnited States, mano okukurukurirana mutsika dzakasiyana - siyana achatonyanya kuoma.Masangano anoisa pfungwa dzetsika nhasi achawana nzvimbo iri nani yokushumira vanhu vaanoda mangwana, achiumba nzanga yakabatana uye inopa mamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana - siyana.