Table of Contents

U.S. Constitution inogara pakati pekurukurirano iri yose yezvamatongerwe enyika yeAmerica, chisarudzo chedare, uye sangano rekodzero dzavagari vemo (apo vaAmerica vazhinjisa havana kutongoirava. Panenge mashoko 7 500 anobatanidza kugadziriswa, ipfupi kupfuura mipimo mizhinji yenzvimbo dzepawebsite yawaita basa yawapedza usingaravi. Asi kusiyana namashoko iwayo, Bumbiro remitemo rinotapura zvakananga upenyu hwako hwezuva nezuva, kubva pakodzero dzaunotera kumitero yaunobhadhara kumabasa ehurumende wawakagamuchira.

Kunzwisisa nzira yokurava nayo Bumbiro reMitemo haisati iri rovedzo yedzidzo bedzi. Chimiro chevhu chamatongerwe enyika chinoreva kuti chimwe chinhu ndi "chisina maruramiro," apo matare anotonga, apo kushora kunoda kodzero dzeFirst Amendment, ivo vose vanoramba vachinzvera iyi chinyorwa. Bva kurava nemitemo hakuwanzowaniki. Zvirongwa zvinoramba zvichiratidza vaAmerica vazhinjisa vanogona kududza mazita matatu emapazu ehurumende, kutozotsanangura kuti nheyo dzemitemo yemitemo inoshanda sei kunhau dzazvino uno.

Iyi nhungamiro inogovera mutoo unoshanda ku kunzwisisa Bumbiro reMitemo reU.S., kuputsa mavakirwo aro, kutsanangura mhindumupindu yaro, uye zvinokosha zvikurusa, kuratidza nzira yokushandisa nayo kufunga kwebumbiro remitemo kuzvinetso zvenguva ino. Ungave uri mudzidzi, muvhoti, kana kuti mugari wemo anoda kuziva, iyi nhungamiro ichakubetsera kupinda muchinyorwa chenheyo cheAmerica.

Nei Kuverenga Bumbiro Romutemo Kuchikosha Kupfuura Kare

Simba Rinoshanda Rezivo Yebumbiro remitemo

Constituanial according [ inogovera betsero dzakakongiri muupenyu hwazvino uno:

Kudzivirira Kodzero Dzenyu: Kuziva maruramiro ako ebumbiro remitemo kunokubetsera kuziva apo anotyisidzirwa. Kunzwisisa Gamende yeChina inobetsera mukati mokusangana kwamapurisa. Kuziva First Amendment zvinoyamura dziviriro mumakakavadzano ebasa. Kuziva maruramiro ebasa kunobetsera mumigariro yapamutemo.

Nheyo dzezvamatongerwe enyika dzinowirirana: Vezvamatongerwe enyika vanotaura nguva dzose kuti zvikarakadzo zvavashori hazviwirirani nehurumende. Pasina zivo yebumbiro remitemo, haugoni kuyera izvi kutaura nenzira yokuzvimirira. Kunzwisisa rugwaro chairwo kunokubvumira kusiyanisa itiro hanya dzapamutemo dzapamutemo nekutaura kwezvamatongerwe enyika.

Kutora rutivi muDemocracy: Kuvhota kwakarongeka kunoda kunzwisisa icho mapazi akasiyana - siyana anogona uye asingagoni kuita. Vakasvurira kubatira dare havagoni kupikira kuputsa zvisarudzo zveDare Rapamusorosoro nechioko. Mapurezidhendi haagoni kuchinja gadziriso dzebumbiro remitemo. Kuziva iyi nguva dzose kunobetsera kuyera zvipikirwa chaizvoizvo.

Kunzwisisa Zviitiko Zvenguva Yazvino: Nhau huru dzinobatanidza nhau dzebumbiro remitemo ne(mirayiro inodzorwa, zvisarudzo zvedare. Kunyora nokunyora kweMitemo kunochinja chinoitika chezvamatongerwe enyika kuva miitiro yehurumende inonzwisisika.

Nharo Yechinyorwa Chipenyu

Revo yeBumbiro reMitemo haiomeswi muna 1789. Maturikire nokushandisa kwaanoita anoshanduka kuva:

Kuchinja [: 27 kuchinja kwakachinja rugwaro rwapakuvamba, kubva pakuwedzera Bhili yekodzero kusvika pakuderedza zera rokuvhota

Tsananguro dzeChourt: Zvisarudzo zveDare rapamusoro zvinoumba revo yebumbiro remitemo. "Spetate asi yakaenzana" yaichimbova pamutemo; zvino haisati iri

Evolution yeCultrural[: Kuchinja kwechisocieta kunotapura kushanda kwebumbiro remitemo. Vavambi havagoni kuisa muchiono Internet, asi nheyo dzokutanga dzeFirst Amendment dzichiri kushanda paIndaneti

Muitiro weProlitical[[FLT: 1]: kokorodzano dzeBumbiro reMitemo dzinotanga kupfurikidza nokushandisa. Muganhu wenhambo mbiri dzapurezidhendi wakanga uri gamuchidzanwa ramasanga usati wava mepurejimendi ye22

Kushanduka - shanduka uku kunoita kuti vanhu varambe vachidzidza, kwete kungoverenga chete.

Kutanga: Nzira Yokusvika Nayo Bumbiro Romutemo

Sarudza Bhaibheri Rako Nokuchenjera

Usati wapinda, sarudza manyorero aunofanira kudzidza nawo:

Mukai! Inogovera mashoko akapoteredza netsananguro parutivi porugwaro rwapakuvamba. National Archives inogovera shanduro dzapachena dzinonyorwa paIndaneti. Idzi dzinobetsera kushandura mutauro we 18-zana rezana uye dzinogovera mamiriro enhau.

Shanduro dzomutauro dzinooneka dzinoshandura mutauro webumbiro remitemo kuva chiNgezi chazvino uno. Nepo uchibetsera nokuda kwokunzwisisa kwokutanga, nguva dzose anodzokera kurugwaro rwapakuvamba nokuda kwoururami //mashoko anokosha mukududzira kwebumbiro remitemo.

Comment] Comment inoratidza kuti Bumbiro reMitemo rakachinja sei, kuratidzira rugwaro rwapakuvamba parutivi pekugadziridzwa. Idzi dzinoisa muchiono kushanduka kwezvakanyorwa ndokubetsera kunzwisisa zvinetso zvinogadziriswa.

Digal Versions inogovera kusechwa nokukakavara pakati pezvikamu zvine chokuita. Consitution Anongedzerwa muRaibhurari yeCongress inogovera tsinhiro huru nenongedzero dzenhau.

Kuverenga Kwaunoita: Ratidza Kunzwisisa Kwako

Kutanga Pass - procespeance na Securiong: Kutanga kupfurikidza nokunzwisisa chivako chehwaro chikuru cheBumbiro reMitemo pasina kudzikamiswa muudzame. Verenga kusvika kumusoro nokukurumidza kuti unzwisise:

  • Zvikamu zvinomwe zvacho zvine zvinangwa
  • Kurongwa kwakarongwa kwaita chinjo
  • Pepa rekushandisa

[[FFLT:0] REARS - Kusanorava: Verenga zvishoma nezvishoma zvikuru, unonangidzira ngwariro pamutauro chaiwoiwo. Cherechedza:

  • Simba chairo rakapiwa uye rairambwa
  • Mashoko nemirangariro zvinodzokororwa
  • Ndima Dzisina Kujeka Kana Kuti Dzisina Kujeka

Pass - Kunzvera Kunetseka: Bvunza chawarava:

  • Neiko Vavambi vakabatanidza ikoku?
  • Zvinetsoi zvavakanga vachikurukura?
  • Ikoku kungashanda sei nhasi?
  • Chii chisipo kana kuti chisina kujeka?

Zviri Mukati Zvinokosha Tisati Tarava

Kunzwisisa Bumbiro reMitemo kunoda kuziva chakatanga:

Zvikamu zveConfederation [1] (1781-829) zvakaumba hurumende yehurumende isina kusimba yaisagona kutera mutero, kudzora kutengeserana, kana kuti kumanikidzira mitemo. Bumbiro reMitemo rakapindura kuiyi zvikanganiso kupfurikidza nokusimbisa simba rehurumende nepo richichengeta kuzvitonga kwehurumende.

Shays' Rupanduko [1786-1787] rwakaratidzira utera hweNheyo apo Massachusetts aisagona kudzivisa kumukira nepfuti. Dambudziko iri rakapwisa vakawanda hurumende yehurumende yakanga yakasimba zvikuru.

Chinoitika cheNyika yeBritain mukutonga kweBritain chakaumba gadziriro dzebumbiro remitemo. Kutungamirira varwi mumisha kwakatungamirira kuThird Amendment. Zvibvumikiso zvakakurumbira zvakafuridzira Iwechina. Kushaikwa kwomufananidzo kwakasunda zvivako zvedemocracy.

Flosophy yechiedza yakapesvedzera Vavambi. John Locke rondedzero yomusikirwo yekodzero, kuparadzana kwaMontesquieu kwamasimba, uye mirangariro yeRepublic kubva kuRoma yekare zvose zvakaumbwa nebumbiro remitemo.

Sumo: Kunzwisisa Donzo reBumbiro reMitemo

Kurega Mashoko Okuzarura

Hurusarudzo rungava chikamu chakakurumbira zvikurusa chebumbiro remitemo, asi kazhinji kazhinji harunzwisisiki:

" Isu vanhu veUnited States, muRwisano kuumba Union yakakwana zvikuru, kutanga Ruramisiro, vimbisa kudzivirira kwemhuri, inogovera dziviriro dzavose, inotsigira Nhaka, uye yakachengeta Zvikomborero zveRusununguko kwatiri timene nePendeko redu, tinogadza ndokugadza iyi Bumbiro reMitemo reUnited States reAmerica..

" Isu vanhu - RMY] kwenguva yayo, uku kutaura kwaizivisa uchangamire hwakakurumbira. Simba rinobva kuvagari vemo, kwete kuna Mwari kana kuti kutonga. Cherekedza pakuvamba rakareva vanhurume vechichena varidzi vezvinhu (hwunonzwisisa iyi ganhuriro kunobetsera kunzwisisa kuti kududzira kwebumbiro remitemo kwakavapo sei.

" umba Union yechakakwana zvikuru"[ - Voning the Articles of Confederation's apo ichiziva kukwana somuitiro unopfuurira, kwete mugariro unowanwa.

" Ruramisiro yakatangwa" - Chinyorwa chematare ehurumende negadziriro dzapamutemo kuva nechokwadi chokubatwa kwakarurama pasi pomutemo.

[" dzivirirai kusawirirana kwemhuri" - Tsvaka rwisano dzomukati dzakadai seRupanduko rweShays uye chengeta rugare pakati penyika.

" inogovera nokuda kwedziviriro dzinozivikanwa navose" - Inoita simba rehondo kuva repakati kuti ridzivirire tyisidziro dzokunze.

[" zivisa Nhaka yeNhaka yeMamirire ezvinhu] - inoita kuti hurumende iite chiito nokuda kwezvakanaka zvose, kunyange zvazvo upamhi hwemashoko aya huchiramba huchimutsa nharo.

" anochengeta Zvikomborero Zvorusununguko" - Dziviriro kwete bedzi nokuda kwavagari vemo vazvino asi zvizvarwa zvomunguva yemberi.

Matare akatonga Sugudungwe haapi masimba chaiwo kana kuti maruramiro, kwete kutsanangura. Zvisinei, inogovera nhungamiro inodudzira apo gadziriro dzebumbiro remitemo dzinojeka. Dare Rapamusoro rinonongedzera kwariri kunzwisisa vavariro yavatangi.

Nyaya I: Bazu Rokunyora Mitemo

Kunzwisisa Simba Remisangano

Article I ndiyo nyaya refusa nemhaka yokuti Vavambi vairangarira Congress sebazu rinokosha zvikurusa. Urefu hwayo noudzame zvinoratidzira kuedza zvose zviri zviviri kusimbisa nokudzvinyirira chiremera chemitemo.

Kuisa 1 - Kuisa Claus[[FL:1]: "Masimba ose emitemo pano abvumirwa achaiswa muDare"

  • Cherekedza "Herein abvumirwa""(*Koregi ine masimba akarongwa zvakananga, kusafanana nedzimwe matare ehurumende ane chiremera chose
  • Kuumba bimeralism (makamuri maviri) segadziriro inokosha

... [Imba yaVamiriri: Gadziriro dzinokosha dzinowanzosanzwisiswa:

  • Vamiririri vanofanira kuva vane makore 25 okukura, vagari vemo kwamakore 7
  • “ Vatatu vakabvumirana pane zvisina kufanira" vakaverenga vanhu vakasungwa sa3/5 womunhu nokuda kwokuratidzirwa (kusimbiswa neMwedzero yechi14)
  • Hurumende dzinosarudza zvikwaniriso zvomuvhoti (muganhuriro dzebumbiro remitemo)
  • Imba ine simba guru rokutonga, (rinounza pomero, kwete rokubvisa)

[[[FRANT:0] Kuisa 3 - Dare:

  • Vatsigiri vaviri vehurumende paruwa pasinei zvapo nechiverengero chavagari vemo (hachigoni kuchinjwa nokugadziriswa pasina kubvumidzwa nehurumende)
  • Makambani anofanira kuva nemakore 30, vagari vemo kwemakore 9
  • Mutungamiriri wehurumende ndiye anotungamirira asi mavhoti chete kuti aputse zvisungo
  • Dare rinoedza kupomera (mabasa savatongi, kwete somuchuchisi)

Masimba Akasimba (Kumutswa 8)

Masimba chaiwo eCongress akarongwa muzvikamu 18. Masimba makuru anobatanidza:

[[FOL:0] Commerce Claus: "Gurudzai Kutengesa naMarudzi okumwe, uye pakati peNyika dzinoverengeka"

  • Manyuko esimba rehurumende makurusa
  • Kubatanidza chinhu chiri chose kubva kumitemo yekodzero dzevanhu kusvikira kumirau yemhoteredzo
  • Nhau yekurukurirano yenguva dzose yebumbiro remitemo

[ Chirevo neChinowirirana Claus[[FL:1]: "Itai Mitemo yose ichava iri madikanwa neyakafanira yokupinza mukuita masimba achangobva kududzwa"

  • Inonzi “Estical Claus ” nokuti inoita kuti zviite
  • Anobvumira masimba anorehwa kupfuura ayo akarongwa zvakajeka
  • Kwakabva mabhangi, madhirowa, uye mitemo isingaverengeki yehurumende

Masimba ehondo: Zivisa hondo, simudza mauto, chengeta zvikepe zvehondo

  • Cherekedza: Dare bedzi rinogona kuzivisa hondo (kunyange purezidhendi akawana kushanda kwakakomba)
  • Kuganhurirwa kwemauto akamira kunoratidzira kutya kwaVavambi

[ Masimba eMari: Mutero, kukwereta, mari, kudzora kubhuroka

  • "Simba rechikwama" icherekedzo yokupedzisira yeCongress pamamwe mapazu
  • Zvikwereti zvose zvemari zvinofanira kutangira muImba

Miganhu Pasimba reCongresssionalion (Kudzidzisa)

Miganhu inonetsa inowanzofuratirwa:

  • [[FULT:0] HAbeas Corpus inogona bedzi kumiswa mukupandukira kana kuti kuvhozhokera
  • Haiwa [[FT:0]tex post coo mitemo (inodzora zviito zvomunguva yakapfuura)
  • Hapana zvikwereti zvemubhadhari (chirango chisiri chepamutemo pasina kutongwa)
  • Hapana mazita okuremekedza evakakwirira

Miganhu iyi inoratidza kunyunyuta kwakananga kwehurumende yeBritain muParamende.

Nyaya II: Bazu Rine Vatungamiriri Rakatsanangurwa

Simba Rapurezidhendi Neganhuriro

Article II iduku zvikuru uye haina kujeka kupfuura Chikamu I, kuchitungamirira kumazana amakore ekurukurirano pamusoro pesimba ravakuru vakuru.

Kusarudza 1 - Electoral College: Gadziriro yokusarudza purezidhendi yakaoma kunzwisisa inoratidzira kubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira:

  • Kudzikamisa fariro huru neduku dzehurumende
  • Chinogadzira chivindi pakati pavanhu napurezidhendi
  • Inobvumira nyika kusarudza nzira dzadzo dzimene dzokusarudza

Kunzwisisa Electoral College kunokosha kuti tinzwisise chikonzero nei nhimbe dzapurezidhendi dzichinyanya kutaura nezvenyika dzinokwidza.

[[[FRANT:0] Kuisa 2 - Purezidhendi Masimba[:

  • Mutongi Mukuru: Kudzora kwechiuto, asi hakugoni kuzivisa hondo
  • [ Simba reTreaty: Zvinoda kutenderwa neDare (saka zvibvumirano zvizhinjisa zvamarudzi ose zvino "zvibvumirano zvinotonga")
  • Simba rokugadza: Rinoisa vatongi navakuru vakuru, asi Dare rinosimbisa
  • Pradon Power: Kudokuva kusingaganhurirwi nokuda kwemhaka dzomubatanidzwa (hakugoni kukanganwira zvikanganiso)

[[[FRANT:0] DATE 3 - Purezidhendi migove:

  • Chimiro cheUnion: Munofanira kuzivisa Congress panhambo nenhambo
  • [ Chenjera Claus : "Uchangwarira kuti Mitemo ipedzwe nokutendeka"
    • Kunokonzera nharo pamusoro pokushandisa simba

Chinetso Choutsanana

Kupfupika kwenyaya II kunoita kuti pave nematambudziko:

  • Chii chiri "masimba okutambudza" kupfuura ayo akarongwa?
  • Purezidhendi ane kungwarira kwakadini mukuita mitemo?
  • Chii chinoumba “Utsotsi Hwakakwirira Nezvakaipa" nokuda kwokusabvumirana?

Izvi zvinhu zvisina kufanira zvinoparira gakava rinopfuurira rebumbiro remitemo pamusoro pechiremera chapurezidhendi.

Chikamu III: Bazu Rokutonga Rakasimbiswa

Zvivako zveDare Rehurumende

Article III ndiyo nyaya pfupisa, ichisiyira gadziriro zhinji yedare kuCongress.

[[[FRANT:0] Kubatanidza 1 - Simba roRutongeso:

  • Simba revestance mu “Dare rimwe rapamusorosoro ” uye matare akaderera rinoparira
  • Vatongi vanoshanda se “kutevedzera tsika dzakanaka ” (zvikurukuru)
  • Kutengeswa hakugoni kuderedzwa (kuwana kuzvimirira)

Kupa mhaka 2 - Juristion: Kunorondedzera kuti imhakai idzo matare omubatanidzwa anogona kunzwa:

  • Nhau "dzinodzorwa pasi" Bumbiro reMitemo nomutemo womubatanidzwa
  • Kukakavadzana pakati pehurumende
  • Nyaya dzinoitika kune dzimwe nyika
  • Vatarisiri vengarava uye nyaya dzinoitika mungarava

Cherekedza chisipo: Hapana simba rakajeka rokuongorora (Kuzivisa mitemo isiri yomutemo). Irori rakatangwa na Marbury v. Madison (1803).

Kunzwisisa Dzinoganhurirwa Dzokutonga

Article III inoumba dare rinozvimirira asi rine ganhuriro:

  • Matare anogona bedzi kunzwa "mifungo nenharo" (hapana mirangariro yenhema)
  • Congress inodzora kurongwa kwedare kwepasi uye simba
  • Kuchinja kunogona kubvisa tsananguro dzedare

Nyaya IV-VII: Chivako chePrefederal System

Chikamu IV: Ukama hweHurumende

Kazhinji kazhinji vanofuratirwa asi vanokosha nokuda kwokunzwisisa unani hwehurumende:

Kutenda kwakazara neChredit: United States inofanira kuziva mamwe mabasa ehurumende ehurumende (nei roorano namarezenisi okutambira)

Priviges naImmonites: Vagari vane maruramiro makuru munyika dzose (kunyange zvazvo zvido zvichiri kurambwa)

[ Muranda anofamba Claus: Kudzoka kunodikanwa kwavaranda vanopukunyuka (kunosimbiswa ne 13 Amendment asi kunoratidzira kubvumirana kwetsika neBumbiro remitemo)

Kupinza kweNew States: anotsanangura kuti ndima dzinova sei nyika (ngano dzePuerto Rico neD.C.)

Nyaya V: Muitiro weFirimendeji

Mitoo miviri yokubvisa nayo:

  1. 2/3 yedzimba dzose dziri mbiri dzeCongress (kuchinja kwose 27 kwakashandisa ikoku)
  2. Gungano reMitemo rinodanwa ne2/3 yenyika (dzisingamboshandiswi)

Mitoo miviri yokukwesha nayo:

  1. 3/4 wevatongi vehurumende (26 kuchinja)
  2. 3/4 dzekokorodzano dzehurumende (Ivhu Remisi yePendeko yechi21 bedzi)

Iyi danda rakakwirira nokuda kwegadziridzo rinovimbisa dzikamo asi rinoita kuti chinjo ive yakaoma.

Nyaya VI: Kushandiswa Kwemaminitsi

Kuva Claus [ inosimbisa dare rebumbiro remitemo:

  1. Bumbiro Remitemo
  2. Mitemo yehurumende nezvibvumirano
  3. Mabumbiro Emitemo Nemitemo

Ikoku kunopedza rwisano pakati pechiremera chehurumende nechehurumende — mutemo wehurumende unowana kana kukaitwa nebumbiro remitemo.

Nyaya VII: Kurasa

Chingotaura bedzi kuti kutenderwa kwehurumende pfumbamwe kwaizogadza Bumbiro remitemo. Nhoroondo inokosha asi inodokuva isiri yekare.

Bhuku Rekodzero Dzevanhu: Kunzwisisa Zvaunoda Kuti Usununguke

Mutezo Wokutanga: Rusununguko Rushanu Mune Rumwe

First Amendment ine maruramiro mashanu akasiyana mumutsetse mumwe:

[ Rudzidziso rwaClaus[

  • Comment
  • Free Exemos Claus: Hurumende haigoni kurambidza muitiro worudzidziso
  • Kusagadzikana: Rusununguko rworudzidziso runotangwa rini?

[[[FRANT:0] Rusununguko Rwokutaura

  • Hakusati kuri kwakakwana — kunze kwetyisidziro dzechokwadi, kushatiswa, kunyandurwa
  • Inosanganisira kutaura kwokufananidzira (kupisa nemaflag) uye kutaura kwemakambani (Citazens United)
  • Haisati ichishanda kuzvikuva zvomunhu oga (zvinobudisa nhau zvenzanga zvinogona kunzvera)

[[FOL:0] Free Press:

  • Hapana kuzvidzora kusati kwaitwa (kumisa chinyorwa)
  • Hapana ropafadzo chaidzo dzokubudisa nhau (vashuma vanogona kuderedzwa)
  • Inobudiswawo nezvinobudisa mashoko uye inoshandiswa pakunyora mashoko

[[[ITSV:0] Kudzorwa uye Kukumbira [:

  • Kungotsutsumwa norugare
  • Hurumende inogona kudzora nguva, nzvimbo, tsika
  • Hapana kodzero yemasimba masimba kana kuti yokuvhara motokari

Penjero Yechipiri: Nharo Dzisiri Kupera

Zvino kana iri misikari inodzorwa zvakanaka, kana iri mhaka inofanirwa nokusimba kwenyika yakasununguka, maruramiro avanhu okuchengeta nokutakura zvombo, haangavhunduswi.

[[[ITSV: 0] Magakava anotangira [:

  • Munhu mumwe nomumwe ane kodzero yokutsigira mauto
  • Mitemoi inoumba “chinoumba ”?
  • D.C. v. Heller (2008) yakasimbisa maruramiro omunhu mumwe nomumwe asi yakabvumira mirau

Kunzwisisa tsananguro dzose dziri mbiri kunobatsira kushandisa nharo dzepfuti.

Ruramisiro Yeruramisiro Yematsotsi (48)

Iyi migariro inochinja inoparira dziviriro dzinokosha mukutongwa kwoutsotsi:

[ transformmeter: dziviriro pakunzvera kusina mufungo

  • Zvinodiwa zvinobvumirwa zvakavakirwa pachikonzero chinobvira
  • Kusiya kwakawanda (kubvuma, kuona zvakajeka, motokari)
  • Kuzivikanwa kwemadhigirii

[ formformation [: dziviriro dzakawanda

  • Vatongi vakuru nokuda kwemhaka dzakakomba
  • Hapana ngozi yakapetwa kaviri
  • Hapana kuzviparadzanisa umene
  • Zvinodiwa pakushanda
  • Chinotora chitsama chamashoko (chibhadharo chechinhu)

[ SSH Amendment: kodzero dzokutonga

  • Kutongwa kwepachena, kwokukurumidza
  • Vatongi Vasingasaruri
  • Zvapupu Zvakapomedzwa
  • Rubatsiro rwezano

SSBM [: kutonga kwedare rinobetsera vatongi vemo

[ prefect Amendment: Hapana chirango choutsinye/chisingarangwi

  • Nhau dzechirango chorufu dziripo pano
  • Chinodikanwa chokugovera

Kugadziridzwa Kwechinai Nechigumi

Kazhinji kazhinji vanofuratirwa asi vanokosha nouzivi:

04] formformation: Kodzero dziripo kupfuura dziya dzakarongwa

  • Hwaro hwekodzero dzepachivande
  • Mitemo yeBumbiro reMitemo haisati ichipedza

mendurument : Simba harisati richisara nehurumende/vanhu

  • Kutsigira Kubatana
  • Kusawirirana kwenguva dzose nokuwedzera kwehurumende

Kugadziridza Kuchinjira (13 - 155): Kuwana kwechipiri kweAmerica

Kuchinja Kwechi13: Uranda Hunobudirira

Vuranda kana uranda, kana uranda, kana kutoti uri chirango pamusoro pemhosva, iyo inotongerwa munhu, hazvingavipo;

[[FFL:0] Mapfundo makuru:

  • Kuchinja bedzi kunoganhurira chiito chapachivande (kwete hurumende bedzi)
  • Kusiya basa mujeri kunoramba kuchiitiranwa nharo
  • Hwaro hwemutemo wekodzero dzevanhu womubatanidzwa

Mutezo Wechigumi Negumi: Kuchinja Mutemo weAmerica

Kuchinja kwechibvumirano chehurumende kwakarebesa uye kwakanyanya kuchinjwa zvikurukuru:

.C.izerpial Claus [[FLT: 1]: kuva mugari wemo wakakwana nokuda kwavose vanoberekwa muU.S.

  • Yakavhurika
  • Kukurukurirana kwevanobva munyika yekwava kubuda

shopi yeChirongwa chaClaus: Applies Bill of Rights to State

  • "Kuzvinyima" dzidziso yakatanga mumakumi amakore
  • Muitiro wakafanira wokuisa mungozi unodzivirira maruramiro asina kutaurwa nezita

[ dziviriro yematunhu : Hurumende inofanira kubata vanhu zvakaenzana

  • Hwaro hwe Brown v. Board nerusarura
  • Fandesheni nokuda kwechirume neLGBTQ+ kodzero

Mhedziso Yechigumi Neshanu: Kupa Kodzero

Kunorambidza rusaruro rwedzinza mukuvhota, asi kunzvenga kwakabvumira Jim Crow mitemo kutozosvikira Voting Rights Act ya 1965.

Nguva Inofambira Mberi Nedzokugadziridzwa Kwazvino Uno

Mamepu anofambira mberi (16 -19)

[[FLT: 0]: Mutero unopiwa (kupinda chisarudzo cheDare rapamusorosoro) [[FT:]17]: Sarudzo yakananga yeisenators (yawedzerwa democracy) [[FLT:] [[FLT]]18T: Post (kudzorerwa bedzi) [[FT:6]] : vakadzi vapfumi.

Kugadziridzwa Kwezvisarudzo Kwazvino Uno

: Misi yokutsaurira yakachinjwa [ ne2][FLT: muganhu wenhambo yapurezidhendi : D.C. .vhota [[FLT:]25]th [: nhevedzano yapurezidhendi : muripo weProvi recosalm [: Korosaration (inoita makore 203 ku raving!)

Kuwedzera Kwamaruramiro Okuzivisa

: Mitero yevhotera yakarambidzwa [ ye26: kuvhota kwamakore 18 ekare (mhinduro yeHondo yeVietnam)

Nzira Yokushandisa Nayo Kufunga kweBumbiro Remitemo Kunhau Dzazvino Uno

Kuongorora Tsika Nhatu Dzebumbiro Remitemo

Pakunzvera kana chimwe chinhu chiri pamutemo:

Sappendi 1: Zivisa Manyuko Esimba

  • Igadziriroi yebumbiro remitemo inobvumira ichi chiito?
  • Ko iro rinodudzwa, rinorehwa, kana kuti simba romuzvarirwo here?
  • Inova nesimba rehurumende kana kuti rehurumende here?

[[FAMURA] Nhano 2: Cherechedza ganhuriro

  • Kunoputsa mutemo upi noupi wakajeka here?
  • Hunokanganisa kodzero dzevanhu here?
  • Kunovhiringidza kuparadzana kwemasimba here?

Saratidzo 3: Shandisa Mvura yapamberi

  • Dare rakatsanangura sei nyaya dzakafanana?
  • Kunzverwa kwakadini kunoshanda?
  • Pane mienzaniso inokwikwidzana here?

Gakava Rebumbiro remitemo Renguva Ino

Shandisa kuongorora kwebumbiro remitemo panyaya dzazvino:

[[[DHAKA:0] Kuva kwako woga

  • Kuchinja Kwechina Kwakanyorerwa Kuongorora Kunyama
  • Rinoshanda sei paemail, nzvimbo yeserura, metameter?
  • Dzikamisa kuchengeteka uye kuva woga

[[[FOM:0] Mirairo inofambiswa.[

  • Kuuraya kuchava mutemo rini?
  • Mapurezidhendi anogona kusvika papi pakuuraya vanhu vakatendeka?
  • Chii chinoumba simba rokukurumidzira?

[[[FRANT:0] Kodzero dzechiKorporatity:

  • Masangano “Vanhu ” pasi peMitemo Yechigumi Nemina here?
  • Vane rusununguko rworudzidziso here?
  • [[FLT] [[FLT]] uye ZVINETSO ZVOKUZIVA

[[[FRAT:0] FERAL vs. Simba reHurumende

  • Kurwisana kwepamutemo kwokutenderwa kweropa
  • Kuchengetwa Kwokutama - tama
  • Kuita kwechisimba

Kusanzwisisa Kunozivikanwa Nevamwe Pamusoro Pebumbiro Remitemo

Izvo Bumbiro Romutemo Risingatauri

Vakawanda vaidavira nheyo dzebumbiro remitemo hadzisi chaizvoizvo murugwaro rwacho:

" Kuparadzaniswa kwechechi nehurumende"[[FL:1]: Defara kubva mubhii raJefferson, kwete Bumbiro reMitemo

[[FUT:0]" hwirudzuro yejudicial"[[FT:1]: Simba rokuzivisa mitemo isina kurongwa harwuna kujeka

[[[FOL:0]" ropafadzo yokushanda"[[FT:1]: Kodzero yavakuru vakuru yokunyima mashoko haidudzwi

" Kururama kuvanzika": Hamuna kududzwa zvakajeka (kubva mumigadziridzo inoverengeka)

" Kusvikira yabvumikiswa kuva nemhaka": Nheyo haisati iri rugwaro rwebumbiro remitemo

Zvinonyatsoreva Kodzero Dzebumbiro Remitemo

[[FO:0] Rusununguko [ harurevi:

  • Kusununguka pamigumisiro
  • Kurudyi kuenda pachikuva chipi nechipi
  • Dziviriro pakunzverwa kwapachivande

[ Rusununguko rworudzidziso harurevi:

  • Kusunungurwa mumitemo yose
  • Kodzero yokutsigira hurumende
  • Kusununguka pakuratidzirwa kurudzidziso rwavamwe

[ Kutakura Zvombo [ hakurevi:

  • Chombo chinowanika pasina muganhu
  • Hapana zvinodikanwa zvokunyoresa
  • Kutakura pfuti kwose kwose

Muitiro ukafanira haurevi:

  • Nzira dzakakwana dzokuita zvinhu
  • Gweta rakasununguka munhau dzose
  • Kufadza kusingagumi

Zviwanikwa Zvokudzidza Zvakadzama Kumutemo

Manyuko Makuru

Mapepa eMadhipatimendi: Hamilton, Madison, uye rondedzero dzaJay dzinotsanangura gadziriro dzebumbiro remitemo

  • Zvikurukuru Murongi weFederal 10 (Nzira), 51 (kurongwa kwemasimba), 78 (hwirudzuro yezvouzivi)

[[[FOL:0] Mapepa eAnti-Federation[[FL:1]: nharo dzechishoro dzakatungamirira kuBill of Rights

Manotsi eMadison: Chinyorwa bedzi chakakwana chekurukurirano dzeKokorodzano yeBumbiro reMitemo

Kuisa kurukurirano: Kurukurirano dzekokorodzano dzehurumende dzinozivisa nzwisiso yapakuvamba

Manyuko Azvino Uno

[[ITSV] Pamubatanidzwa [:

  • [[FOL:0] Consitution Anotechwa: Kunzvera kunowirirana nomutemo wenhau
  • Oyez.org: Mhaka dzeDare rapamusoro zvikurusa dzinopetwa uye dzinonzwika
  • Constitution Center yerudzi: Bumbiro reMitemo rinobatanidza netsananguro dzinokwikwidzana

[[[FRANT:0] Mabhuku eMatanho Akasiana:

  • Mutangiri: "Bumbiro reMitemo: Mufungo mupfupi zvikuru" wakanyorwa naDavid Bodenhamer
  • Kupindira: "Bumbiro reMitemo reAmenica: A Biography" rakanyorwa naAkhil Reed Amar
  • Kupfuudzira: "Consistigal Law" book renzvero huru yapamutemo

[[FUNDO:0] Postcasts[:

  • "Isu Vanhu" (National Constitution Center)
  • "Amicus" (Chokwadi)
  • Bhenikitiriya (Gashington Post)

Kushandisa Mutemo Webumbiro Remitemo

Kushanyira Dare : Ngwarira nharo dzinotaurwa kuona dudziro yebumbiro remitemo muchiito

Verenga Zvisarudzo zveDare Rapamusoro: Tanga nenhau dzinooneka, simbisa pakurangarira kwete miuyowo zvayo

[ Mapoka okukurukurirana pamusoro penhau : Masangano ebhawa romunzvimbomo anowanzova nekurukurirano dzebumbiro remitemo

Tora zvidzidzo zvomuIndaneti: Mayunivhesiti akawanda anopa makosi omutemo epamutemo epachena

Kupedzisa: Ugari Hwekugariswa Kwebumbiro Remitemo

Kunzwisisa Bumbiro reMitemo hakusati kuri pamusoro pokuziva nomusoro nyaya negadziridzo nejeko(idzoidzo) pamusoro pokukudziridza kurava nokunyora kwapamutemo kunozivisa kuva mugari wemo kwako. Chinyorwa chinoratidzika kuva chekare nesingasvikiki chinonangi mibvunzo isati yakaresa nenguva: Isimba rakadini iro hurumende inofanira kuva naro? Kodzeroi dzinokosha? Tinodzikamisa sei kutonga kwavazhinji nedziviriro shoma? Mibvunzo iyi inoshanda nhasi somuna 1789.

Kurava Bumbiro reMitemo kunozivisa zvose zviri zviviri unyanzvi hwaro nezvikanganiso zvaro. Gwaro rimwe chetero rakazivisa kuti "Isu Vanhu" tabvisa vanhu vazhinjisa. Gadziriro yakarongedzerwa kudzivisa uranda hunogonesa udzvinyiriri. Kugadziridza kwakaitirwa kuva nechokwadi chokuva nohuenzana hunobvumidzwa. Kunzwisisa uku kupokanidzana hakukudzi kuzivisa sorugwaro rwavanhu, runokwanisa kukura nokuvandudzika.

Kudzidza kunoitwa nebumbiro remitemo kuchakubatsira kuti uite izvi:

  • Kuramba kutaura kwezvamatongerwe enyika kwokutsoropodza
  • Nzwisisa kodzero dzako uye zvadzinogumira
  • Ita zvinhu zvine musoro panharo dzinoitwa nevanhu vanosarudzwa nevanhu
  • Ziva apo nheyo dzebumbiro remitemo dzinotyisidzirwa
  • Ongai zvose zviri zviviri dzikamo nechinjo mukudzora

Kunzwisisa kwako kunoumba hurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Chinyorwa chacho chinorarama kupfurikidza navagari vemo vanoirava, vanoikurukura, uye vanoiraira kukudzwa.

Tanga kupfurikidza nokurava rugwaro chairwoirwo rwanzi rwakaita serupfupi nenzira inoshamisa. Bvunza chaunorava. Rangarira zvidudziro zvakawanda. Shandisa nheyo dzebumbiro-mitemo kuzvinetso zvazvino uno. Zvinokosha zvikurusa, yeuka kuti hurumende inosarudzwa navanhu inoda kushingaira, vagari vemo vanoziva. Bumbiro remitemo rinovamba ne "Isu vanhu" nemhaka yokuti, revo yaro nesimba zvinotsamira kwete pamatehwe naingi asi pavagari vemo vakapinzwa vakafanana newe.

Vavambi vakatipa gadziriro. Chizvarwa chimwe nechimwe chinosarudza chatinovaka mukati macho. Dzidzo yako yebumbiro-mitemo haisati iri bedzi kupfumiswa kwomunhu oga(kugadzirira kwebasa rinopfuurira routongi hunosarudzwa navanhu. Munguva yenjodzi yebumbiro-mitemo nekurukurirano, kunzwisisa iyi chinyorwa chenheyo hakuna kutongova inokosha zvikuru. Bumbiro remitemo rakamirira dudziro rako. Democracy rikamirira kutora rutivi kwako.

Mamwe Matura

Everyday Civics Icon