Ndeapi Manyoro Okusarura Vagari Vemo?

Zvinyorwa zvemitemo zvinosiiwa nedare risiri routsotsi. Zvinotora chinyorwa chose choupenyu chedare rehurumende kupfurikidza nokusainwa kwemhosva kwenhau kwehurumende kupfurikidza nokufamba, kunzwa, mhesano dzokuwana, kutongwa, uye rutongeso rwokupedzisira. Idzi zvinyorwa zvinogadzirwa nematare anotongwa pahurumende nenzvimbo yehurumende uye mwero wehurumende uye zvinochengetwa zvakanakisisa mumhaka yedare. Chinyorwa chimwe nechimwe chingabatanidza mazita ebato, chiremera chedare, nhamba, mhatsa, mamiriro ebvumirano, kuparadzwa kwechibvumirano, kuparadzwa kwenzvimbo yenzvimbo yemari, mipimo yezvisarudzo yamari), mapepa anokosha akadai sezvichemo nemhinduro, zvirango zvinobudiswa nomutongi, uye chimiro chokupedzisira (masese, kutongwa, kugarudzwa, kana kuti kutongwa).

Zvinyorwa zvebvumirano zvavagari vemo zvinosiana nezvinyorwa zvamatsotsi nemhaka yokuti hazvibatanidzi kupomerwa mhaka muhurumende. Panzvimbo pezvo, zvinopedza gakava rapachivande pakati pavanhu vamwe navamwe, mabhizimisi, kana kuti masangano ehurumende. Masangano anowanzobatanidza gakava, utsotsi hwezvikwereti, rwisano dzapanzvimbo yavose, tsvurudzo dzebasa, uye zviito zvekirasi. Nemhaka yokuti idzi zvinyorwa inhau yechinyorwa chavose mumativi ose, zvinoumba manyuko akapfuma emashoko nokuda kwemunhu upi noupi anoita basa rakafanira rapamutemo (h. Regiend yemily, tscherekedzo yebhizimisi, kana kuti zviteko zvemunhu oga.

Kunzwisisa magadzirirwo ezvinyorwa izvi kunokosha pakuzvishandisa zvinobudirira. Kupindawo zvako pachiteshi kungaronga musi, rudzi rwedisc (zvirevo, "Kubvisa"), boka rokunyora, uye rondedzero pfupi. Mashoko akazara ezvikumbiro, nhete, uye zvirairo zvinowanika kazhinji kazhinji, kunyange zvazvo mumatare akawanda anonzverwa bedzi PDS anganzverwa. Kuziva chokutarira / zvakadai semitongo yapamberi, mareki, kana kuti kupomera kwakawanda kunobatanidza boka rimwe chete, kunoratidza zvinhu zvinonetsa.

Kuwana Manyoro Okubvisa Zvisaririra Zvevagari Vomunyika

Mitoo yokuwana nayo inosiana zvikuru nehurumende. Pamwero wehurumende, gadziriro yaPublic Access to Court Electronic Records (PACER) inogovera chiteshi chemitemo chapakati chepaIndaneti nokuda kweMasarudzo ose eruwa eUnited States, Bankrupte Courts, uye Appeltars. Vashandi vanogona kunzvera nezita rebato, nhamba yesututi. PACR inopa mari shoma pajiro, kunyange zvazvo mari inobhadharwa nokuda kwavashandisi vanobatira zvishoma pane imwe inotengwa. Nokuda kwematare ehurumende, kukwanisa kupinda kwakakororo. Manyika akawanda akashambadza kupfurikidza namasangano okutarisira mhaka paIndaneti. Nhamba yeCalifornia inodzosairwa kupfurikidza nomuenzaniso, Odysey File, kana kuti maNew York York's cour ecours. Kuverenga kwemimwe mite yezvipo inodzo inodzo inodzosera zviri pamiteshina.

Masangano echitatu okunzvera kwapamutemo akadai seWescaw, LexisNexis, uye Bloomberg Law arvet audition rheads anobva kumativi akawanda uye kuwedzera ukoshi kupfurikidza nemitoo yokunzvera, vaparidzi, uye mativi ezvokuyera. Aya mabasa anowanzoshandiswa namafemu emitemo namasangano. Masangano anoshandiswa zvikuru vanhu kana kuti mabhizimisi maduku asingapinduri manyorero, indekisi dzapachena dzingava dzinowanika padare reruwa. Kushanyira imba yedare mumunhu kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji kubvumira kurangarira mafaira enhau ezvokunzvera kana kuti kushandisa shopu dzavose kubvunza gadziriro yezviteshi zvezvikero zvebhizimisi. Zvisinei, kwete mapepa ose angawanika nokukurumidza nemhaka yokunzvera mapepa kana kuti magariro.

Nheyo dzehurumende namahofisi anorekodhawo zvinyorwa zvekare, zvikurukuru izvo zvinobva kumatare zvakabatanidza mafaira azvo nenzira inoshanda. Manyoro ehurumende, nzanga dzenhau, uye maraibhurari omutemo eyunivhesiti pane dzimwe nguva marekodhi edzimba ayo asati achiri kushandiswa. Apo kunyorwa kuri kure, kunokosha kusimbisa uchokwadi hwamanyuko. Tsvakai zvisimbiso zvedare rehurumende, zviteshi zvemahomwe, uye nhamba dzinogona kuchekwa zvakananga neshopu yedare.

Kushandisa Manyoro Okusarura Vagari Vemo Nokuda Kwokushingaira Kwakafanira Kwapamutemo

Ngozi Yokubvisa Mberi Muropa

Nyanzvi dzemitemo dzinovimba nezvinyorwa zvehurumende kuti dzione nhau yemhosva dzevapomerwi, vapomerwi, kana kuti mapoka echitatu. Vapari vebato vane nhau yokukwirira kwakawanda kwemhosva.[1] Zvikurukuru munzvimbo imwe cheteyo yomutemo(--91) vangapa ngozi huru yeritariso yomunguva yemberi. Somuenzaniso, mukwiridziri mumhaka yemhosva yezvigadzirwa uyo akakwidzwa kagumi pamusoro pechikanganiso chimwe chetecho chakatarisana nokufukidzwa kukuru zvikuru kupfuura mupomeri wokutanga. Nenzira yakafanana, muteveri wenhau anowanzoita mafashoni angarangarirwa se "rigatori," ingagona kutapura kurukurirano kana kuti kuvimbwa mukuwana.

Kutsvaka Nhema Nekutonga

Zvinyorwa zvavagari vemo zvinozivisa rutongeso rwakatanhamara rwemari, mari yemitero. Rutongeso rwavana, mitoro yemari yave kuderedzwa kusvikira kurutongeso rwavagari vemo. Pamberi pokupinda mubvumirano huru, kukweretesa mari, kana kuti kuwana bhizimisi, kunzvera hofisi yehurumende yemari yetsinhano inogona kufukura zvikwereti zvakavanzika zvingabatanidzwa kuzvinhu. Rutongeso rwapanguva dzose chiratidzo chakasimba chokuti boka racho rakundikana kupindura kudare, kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji nemhaka yokuti raisagona kuwana ratidziro yapamutemo kana kuti kugona kufuratira mufambiro. Kutonga uku kungaitwa panzvimbo yomunhu oga kana kuti panzvimbo yebhizimisi kwamakore, kuchitsamira pamutemo wesimba.

Kuongorora Chapupu Nechipo Chinonyengera

Zvinyorwa zvekunyoresa pamutemo zvinogonawo kujekesa chinyorwa chenyanzvi dzezvapupu, chezvokuchengetesa mari, kana kuti vamwe nyanzvi vane chipupuriro chingaoneka mudare. Ko imwe nyanzvi yakakodzera here munhau dzakapfuura? Yakatsoropodzwa here nevatongi? Kutsvaka mazita avo mumapepa ezviteshi zvengarava kunogona kuzivisa mirau yakashata, gakava, kana kuti kunyange kupomeranwa kwainopiwa. Nenzira yakafanana, kunzvera nhau yavagari vemo yomutongi anobvira (* nepo kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji isinganzverwi pachena kupfuura mishumo yenhau /at - al - al - remorder inobuda muzvinyorwa zvinooneka mumipinduro yavagari vemo.

Kutsvaka Mugumisiro Wenhau Dzakatangira

Pakugadzira nharo dzepamutemo itsva, kunzvera zvinyorwa zvehurumende panhau imwe cheteyo yapamutemo mudare rimwe chetero kunogona kugovera ukoshi hwemuenzaniso kana kuti chinenge chiremera chokunyengetedza. Kunyange zvazvo zvisarudzo zvinobudiswa zvichidudzwa zvikuru, zvisarudzo zvisina kubudiswa uye mirairo yedare rokutonga zvinogona dzimwe nguva kuva mumafaira echiteshi. Mamwe matare anosunungura magwaro akadaro muzvisarudzo, uye mabasa akaita seCourt Sentenger kana kuti Google Schory’s retagean renhau inobatanidza zvisarudzo zvemiteko. Kunzwisisa kuti mutongi akati akatonga pamibato yakafanana neyakadhindiro yakadai semiitiro yokumanikidza kuwana kana kuti kupfupikisa kubetsera kunzvera.

Kushandisa Manyoro Okubvisa Kushanda Kwomunhu Oga

Kuongorora Kusingawaniki

Vawanderin vanoongorora zvinyorwa zvedare rehurumende vanogona kuziva kana murendi akabatanidzwa mukudzingwa kwenhau, kunetsana kwemahotera enyika, kana kuti nhau duku dzinotaura. Nhau yokudzinga, kunyange kana mhaka yacho yabviswa, ingaratidzira mutoo wokusabhadhara kana kuti kuvadziko yezvinhu. Nyika zhinji dzinobvumira varidzi kuti vapinde mumarekodhi okudzinga panze, kunyange zvazvo dzimwe dzine ganhuriro pamusoro pokuti kunzvera kunogona kupfuurira. Kunokosha kuwirirana neFair House Act uye kwete kusarura zvakavakirwa pamakirasi akadzivirirwa. Zvinyorwa zvavagari vemo serutivi rwetsika dzokuvandika inotenderwa zvichibvumirwa nguva dzose sezvinoitwa nguva dzose.

Vashandi biyake Vebhizimisi Vanoshatisa

Vasati vapinda muukama, kufambidzana, kana kuti kupfuudzana, vanhu vanogona kunzvera mugari wemo muwavakaroorana naye akarakadzwa. Muitiro wekupomera mhaka pabvumirano dzakaputsika, pomero dzemhosho, kana kuti kuba zvinhu zvoungwaru zvinofanira kusimudza mireza mitsvuku. Nenzira yakafanana, kunzvera sangano rebhizimisi romukwanyina mumarekodhi avagari vemo kungazivisa rutongeso rwakatanhamara, matare okukwereta, kana kuti mapepa okubvisa. Kunyange zvibvumirano zviduku zvezvikwereti pasi pe $10 000 zvinogona kuratidzira kusagadzikana kwemari kana kuti kuzvidza misengwa yemitoro yehurumende.

Kuongorora Kwaunoita Kuti Usabatwa Nengozi

Mirairo yavagari vemo yokudzivirira (zvakadai semirairo inodzivisa) ibvumirano dzevagari vemo dzinogona kuoneka muzvinyorwa zvedare. Nepo dzisati dziri utsotsi, dzinoratidzira kuti dare rakawana ufakazi hwakakwana hwenetsoropodzo, kudenha, kana kuti masimba omumba kubudisa murairo. Vanhu vamwe navamwe vanorangarira ukama hwenyengano, gadziriro yomugari pamwe chete, kana kuti kunyange mutarisiri mupenyu angada kunzvera mirairo yakadaro. Mumativi akawanda, marekodhi aya anowanika paIndaneti kana kuti kupfurikidza nehofisi yomunyori wehurumende. Dzimwe nyika dzinobatanidzawo zvirango zvekunetsa vanhu muzvinyorwa zvavo zvehurumende.

Kusimbisa Kupiwazve Kwenyanzvi

Nyanzvi dzakadai sevagadziri vemitengo, vanogadzira mapurani, vagadziri vemari, uye vanachiremba vangatarisana nemhosva dzevagari vemo dzinomuka namabasa avo. Kunzvera chiteshi chezvikwata chevagadziri vekongi kungazivisa nhema dzevakongi dzisingabhadharwi, kusavakwa kwesutus. Nokuda kwevagadziri vezvemari, nhau yokuvanza miganhu kana kuti zvikanganiso zvevarwi zvingavapo kupfurikidza neBrokerCheck, asi zvinyorwa zvedare rehurumende zvinowana kupara mhosva dzisingaitwi kupfurikidza nokudzosera. Mashoko aya anogona kubatsira vatengi vanotsvaka mari kuti vasarukidze vane mapepa epamutemo.

Miitiro Yakanakisisa Yokududzira Zvinyorwa Zvehurumende Zvokubvisa Chirango

Nzwisisa Mashoko Epamutemo uye Mamiriro Ezvinhu

Mhaka yevagari vemo inogona kuva "kupesana pasina rusaruro," kureva kuti mupomeri akasununguka kudzorera rusaruro; "kupesana nefungira mano akaipa," kureva kuti mhaka yacho yakarambidzwa zvechigarire; kana kuti "inonatswa," kureva kuti mapoka akasvika pabvumirano pasina rutongeso rwokupedzisira. "rutongeso rwakakomba" runoitika apo mupomeri anokundikana kupindura, uye mutongi anowana nokusakurumidza kupiwa mhaka. Rutongeso rwedare ikutonga kunoitwa nomutongi kuti hapana maidi anopesana uye mutemo unotendera rutivi rumwe norumwe. Rumwe norumwe rwaaya rugwaro rune mirangariro yakasiana nokuda kwokushingaira kwakafanira.

Tsimbisira Manyuko Akawanda

Mazita edare haana kururama nguva dzose. Zvikanganiso zvedare, mazita asina kunyorwa zvakanaka, uye magwaro akashaikwa anogona kutungamirira kuzvinhu zvenhema kana kuti zvisakarurama. Kana zita rinooneka muchiteshi chehurumende, simbisa kuti nhau yacho inobatanidza chaizvoizvo munhu kana kuti chinhu chauri kunzvera. Kopi yekero, musi wokuberekwa (kana kuripo), uye udzame. Muchinjikwa unonzvera mashoko nemishumo yechikwereti, kunyoresa kwebhizimisi, kana kuti mamwe manyuko avose. Nokuda kwezvisarudzo zvakakwirira, rangarira kubhadhadha basa repamusoro renhau rinoresa redare rinowana mashoko.

Nzvera Kuti Zvinyorwa Zvakaputirwa Here Kana Kuti Zvakanga Zvakanga Zvakadzimwa

Mamwe mapepa avagari vemo anopiwa chisimbiso nemitemo yedare, zvikurukuru mumhaka dzinobatanidza zvakavanzika zvebhizimisi, mapati epwere, kana kuti mashoko ezvokurapa anotapurika. Manyoro akabviswa kana kuti akanamwa haafaniri kuoneka mukunzvera kwavose, asi zvikanganiso zvinogona kuitika. Kana ukasangana nechinyorwa chinoratidzika kuva chechinyakare kana kuti chisiri chenguva, usavimba nacho. Nenzira yakafanana, ziva kuti marudzi akati ezviito zvehurumende . zvakadai sezviito zvokudzinganzi udzingwe pasi pe “mabhiridhi akachena" pashure penhambo yenguva. Nguva dzose nzvera mugariro wazvino uno unowirirana nechinyorwa usati waita chisarudzo chakaipa chakavakirwa pachiri.

Funga Nezvenguva Yacho

Kutonga kwakachengetwa ndokudzingwa makore mashanu apfuura kungava kwakafanira zvishoma kupfuura nhau yakafanana. Kushuma kwechikwereti kwakawanda nemitemo inonzvera mamiriro ezvinhu akare kunoganhurira kushandiswa kwemarutongeso avagari vemo ekare kumakore manomwe pasi peFair Curving Act(apor Creating) asi nokuda kwezvinangwa zvokushingaira chirefu chingagona kuva chinobetsera. Somuenzaniso, nhevedzano yemhosva dzakapiwa mukurwisana nebhizimisi makore gumi apfuura ingazivisa mutoo uyo chifo chifo chaapo wakagadziridzwa kupfurikidza namapurogiramu okuteerera akavandudzwa. Shandisa mashoko akapoteredza ezera rechinyorwa kuti urangarire revo yaro.

Kuganhurirwa Nengozi Dzokushandisa Zvinyorwa Zvehurumende Zvokurapa

Mashoko Akakwana Kana Kuti Akaumbwa

Hadzisi gadziriro dzose dzedare dzakanyatsorongwa. Dzimwe nhamba duku dzichiri kutsamira pamafaira epepa, uye dziripo paIndaneti dzingaganhurirwa kupendi yebutiro renyika pasina magwaro ari pasi pevhu. Kunyange mumichina yemichina, zvinyorwa zvekare zvingave zvisina kuongororwa. Kupfuurirazve, marudzi akati enhau dzevagari vemo. Zvakadai semhosva dzedare remhuri dzine chokuita nekodzero yokuchengeta mwana kana kuti kurambana, kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji dzinoiswa pasi kana kuti kuva neganhuriro yavose. Kuvimba bedzi namanyoro evagari vemo pasina kuwedzerwa mamwe manyuko kunogona kutungamirira kumufananidzo usina kukwana.

Kuva Woga Nezvinonetsa

Zvinyorwa zvavagari vemo zvinozivikanwa navanhu vose, asi mashoko azvinawo anogona kuva emunhu oga zvikuru. Kushandisa aya marekodhi nokuda kwokunetswa, rusaruro, kana kuti donzo ripi neripi risiri rapamutemo kunorambidzwa nomutemo. The Fair Crevering Act (FCRA) inoisa zvinodikanwa zvakasimba pamusoro pokuti makambani anonzvera anoshandisa sei mapepa avagari vemo, kubatanidza kuva nechokwadi chokuva nechokwadi uye kupa zviziviso zvakaipa. Vanhu vamwe navamwe vanonzvera vamene vanofanirawo kuita nenzira ine mufungo: Usagoverana marekodhirodhi nenzira ingagona kunyadzisa kana kuti kukuvadza nhau yacho nenzira isiri madikanwa, uye usavimba bedzi nechinyorwa chimwe chete kuti vaite chisarudzo chinokosha choupenyu pasina maererano.

Ngozi Yokuzivikanwa Zvisina Kururama

Mazita anozivikanwa navose manyuko ezvikanganiso. Kutsvakwa kwa "John Smith" mushopu huru yedare reguta guru kungadzosa mazana enhau, shomanene zvikuru dzenhau chaiyoiyo. Kushandisa zita rokuwedzera(middle), musi wokuberekwa, nhamba yeSocial Security (kana kuti yaibvumirwa nemutemo), kana kuti kero dzinozivikanwa kutsigira migumisiro. Mamwe matare angapa mashoko epamubatanidzwa pamadziro ezviteshi enhau, izvo zvinogona kubetsera kusimbisa kana nyaya yacho ichiwirirana nenhau yako. Kana pasina chokwadi, wana kopi yenyunyuto chaiyoiyo kana kuti rutongeso uye tsigira mazita nemaidi.

Kuziva Nguva

Zvinyorwa zvedare zvinovandudzwa munguva chaiyoiyo kana kuti iri pedyo nenguva mudzimwe gadziriro, asi zvimwe zvinononoka namazuva, mavhiki, kana kuti kunyange mwedzi. Mhaka inooneka "kumira" ingava yakabviswa chaizvoizvo kana kuti yakagadziriswa asi isati yachinjwa muIndaneti. Nenzira yakafanana, mutongo wakagutswa (panobhadharwa) ungangooneka sewakatanhamara mukunzvera kwavose. Nguva dzose nzvera musi wazvino uno patsika uye, kana kuri madikanwa, dana mabharani wedare kuti asimbise mugariro wazvino uno wenhau.

Zvishandiso Nemapepa Okushandisa Zvinyorwa Zvehurumende

Nokuda kwavanzveri, mafemu emitemo, uye mabhizimisi anofanira kuronga mavhoriyamu makuru ezvinyorwa zvevagari vemo, zvikamu zvokutarisira zvirimo zvakadai se Directus inogovera nzira dzakapfava dzokuronga, kuchengetera, uye kunzvera mashoko edare. Drade idius idisvo isina mavambo avhura pasvhoti yeSQL, inobvumira vashandisi kuvaka mabhodhiropu etsika, mirayiridzo yemichina yemichina yemichina, uye kushandisa mabhurogiramu nokuda kwemiitiro yakasiyana - siyana youranda. Somuenzaniso, timu yepamutemo ingagona kugadzira purofiti kuti itsane nhau dzose dzevagari vemo, neminda yakashambariranwa yenhau, inopesana, mazano, uye migumisiro. Miteve yeAPI inoita kuti ishande nyore nyore kuti ishairwe nemimwe purogiramu yegadziriro yegadziriro yegadziriro yegadziriro yebasa.

Mamwe maturusi anobetsera anobatanidza marekodhi edare. PACTER inoramba iri manyuko makuru ezvinyorwa zvehurumende. Nokuda kwekunzvera kwehurumende, mativi mazhinji zvino anopa zviteshi zvapachena zvokupinda zvavose padare, uye dzimwe nyika dzinogovera kunzvera kwakaganhurirwa paIndaneti kupfurikidza namawebsite avo edare. Masangano akafanana Lexlis Court Link[[[FLT:]] zvinyorwa zvamazati kubva kuzviuru zvematare, zvinobvumira vashandisi kuisa zvingwa zvitsva zvinobatanidza masangano. Nhamba yemari yemari yemariapuko, masangano emari, matemutemu echipokaro [FLT]

mhedziso

Mazita okunyorera avagari vemo anoshandiswa nesimba nokuda kwezvose zviri zviviri kushingaira kwapamutemo nokuzvimirira, kuchipa hwindo munhau yezvikamu, chisarudzo chekakavadzano, uye ngozi dzemari zvingasaoneka mumishumo yechikwereti kana kuti matsotsi. Kushandisa kunoshanda kunoda zvinopfuura kungotsvaka zita; kunoda kutsanangurwa kwokungwarira kwenhau, kuziva kuchinja kwamativi enyika, uye kusava nechokwadi kwakanaka pamusoro pemashoko epaIndaneti. Nokubatanidza marekodhi edare epamutemo nemiitiro yakanakisisa yokutsigira nokushandisa tsika dzakanaka, nyanzvi dzemitemo navanhu vamwe vanogona kuita zvisarudzo zvakawanda zvokuziva, kusarudza mushandisitiri webhizimisi, kana kuti kuongorora mushandisi webhizimisi. Pakubatanidzwa negadziriro yokutarisira zvinhu zvazvinoumba zvakaita seIndaneti, kuunganidza, uye kugoverana mapepa aya anokwanisa kuchengeteka, pasina kukanganisa kujeka nokusa.