Kutanga Kuchirongwa Chomutemo

Mutemo mumwe nomumwe unovamba sepfungwa. Pfungwa iyoyo, yakamboitwa kuti ive yakanyorwa, inova chikarakadzo chemitemo mitsva kana kuti kugadziridzwa kweyokuvapo. Kunzwisisa kuti rugwaro runochinja kuva mutemo kunokosha sei kuvagari vemo vanoda kuita zvine revo nehurumende yavo. Gadziriro yemitemo yakarongedzerwa kuva yamaune, inoda mwero mizhinji yehwirudzuro, kurukurirano, uye kubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira. Apo nzira inobva mudhipatimendi ichienda kumutemo inogona kuratidzika seComprinthineine, chikamu chimwe nechimwe chinoshanda basa rakakomba: kuvimbisa kuti mutemo unokarakadzwa uri pamutemo, unobudirira, uye mumiririri wefariro. Iyi inhungamiro inofamba murwe uchibva parwe rwetsika, kubatanidza mabasa edare, dare redare, dare repamusoro, uye kusainwa.

Mugadziriro yehurumende yeUnited States (yakaratidzirwa muhurumende zhinjisa) inofanira kupfuura makamuri ose ari maviri echigaro chomutemo muchimiro chakafanana isati yasvika kumukuru mukuru. Nenzira, pamutemo unonzverwa nenyanzvi dzinopa mirayiridzo, yakagadziridzwa navanogadzira mitemo, uye inopinzwa kukutonga kwavose. Vagari vemo vanogona kupesvedzera muitiro uyu panenge pachikamu chimwe nechimwe, kuchiita kuti kuve kunokosha kuziva kwete bedzi nhano asiwo nzira yokufamba nayo uye kutora rutivi madziri. Pazasi, tinogovera nhanho yenhano nenhano yerwendo, nemigumisiro inoshanda yokuramba uchizivikanwa.

Kupenda Bhiro: Ipfungwa Dzinochinja

Nhano yokutanga murwendo rwemitemo kunyora. Mutezo ungabva kumutezo weCongress, bazu guru, sangano rehurumende, mapoka ezviwanwa zvemhindu, kana kuti kunyange vagari vemo voga. Pasinei zvapo namanyuko, rugwaro rwetsika runofanira kugadzirwa mumutauro wakarurama wapamutemo. Ichochi chinoitwa zvikurukuru namazano emitemo . $attrorney anoronga mitemo. Chibvumirano chacho chinofanira kubatanidza zita rokuremekedza, kusuma donzo racho, uye zvikamu zvinorondedzera mashoko, kutanga mitemo, miitiro yokuronga mirayiridzo, uye kududza manyuko okushandisa mari.

TSOURO nokuda kwavagari vemo: Kana une pfungwa yomutemo, unogona kuona mumiriri wako kana kuti muteveri ndokukumbira kuti vatsigire bhiridha. Mahofisi mazhinji ane fomu kana kuti zvikarakadzo zvavose. Zvisinei, kunyora purogiramu yemichina; mahofisi mazhinjisa anotsamira pavashandi vanodzidzira kuva nechokwadi chokuti pamutemo uye mapepa anowirirana nezvinodikanwa zvemitemo.

Zvinhu Zvinoumba Bhiri Rakanyatsogadzirwa

  • musoro wakakomba: Zita rakapfupika rinozivisa musoro wacho, somuenzaniso, “Chene Air Act.”
  • [ Kuwana uye chinangwa: Kutaura kwechikonzero nei mutemo uchidiwa uye zvaunoda kuti ubudirire.
  • [[[FT:0] Kududzirwa: rondedzero dzakajeka dzamashoko makuru kudzivisa kusajeka.
  • [ Gadziriro:[ Mitemo, zvirambidzo, kana kuti mirairo iyo mutemo unogadza.
  • [ Musi unopa miuyo netsananguro dzezuva: apo mutemo unovapo uye kana unopera.
  • [[FT:0] Approtrations: Mabhadharirwe anoitwa mutemo, kana zvichishanda.

Kutanga Mudare Ramavambo

Kana rangonyorwa, mutezo wacho unotangwa nomutezo weCongress . zvimwe mumiriri muImba kana kuti musenternator muDare. Mutengo wacho unopiwa nhamba (murevo, H.R. 1 nokuda kweImba, S. nokuda kweDare) uye unotsikirirwa nokuparadzirwa. Musi wokusuma unoratidza kutanga kwemuitiro wemitemo. Pamwero wehurumende, mari yose yemari inofanira kutangira muImba yoMumiririri, sezvinotaurwa neBumbiro reMitemo, asi zvimwe zvikwereti zvose zvinogona kutanga muimba ipi neipi.

Pashure pesumo, bhiridha racho rinonongedzerwa kumatare mamwe kana kuti akawanda ane chiremera panhau yawo. Iyi inonongedzera pazviri mukati mepepa (somuenzaniso, gwaro rokutarisira utano raizoenda kuGwaro Energy and Committee yeProm kana kuti Dare reSameter, Education, Labor, uye Penssion Committee yeHouse (kana kuti Mutungamiriri weDare) anoita kuti vatakuri vemari, kazhinji kazhinji nemutsinhiro kubva kuParameter.

Kuongorora kweDare: Mwoyo Wegadziriro Yemitemo

Matare ndiwo anoitirwa basa rezvikwereti rine udzame hukurusa. Pano, mabhiri anoongororwa nemutsetse, akagadziridzwa, uye zvimwe afambira mberi kana kuti anosiyiwa kuti afe. Chikamu chedare chinowanzonzi “kamuri rorufu” nokuda kwemitemo nemhaka yokuti zvikwereti zvizhinji hazvitongobudi. Asi kune izvo zvinoita kudaro, kunzvera kwedare kunovimbisa kuti zvikarakadzo zvine mativi akanaka bedzi zvinosvika mukamuri rakazara.

Mubatanidzwa Wapasi Wokunzwa

Matare mazhinji anogovera zvikwereti kumatare makuru anobatanidza nzvimbo chaidzoidzo. Mahofisi echikamu chehurumende anoita matare okutonga kwavose uko zvapupu zvehurumende, nyanzvi, vatsigiri, uye vatapurwa vanokokwa. Zvapupu zvingakokwa nechigaro kana kuti mutezo muduku. Iwaya ndirimwe ramapfundo anowanika zvikurusa nokuda kwokutora rutivi rwavagari vemo: unogona kupinda mukutonga somunhu kana kuti kuzvitarira paIndaneti. Mamwe matare anogamuchirawo uchapupu hwakanyorwa hunobva kuvanhu vose.

Zvirongwa Zvokucherekedza

Pashure pokunzwa, dare duku nedare rakazara rinobata “chiratidzo” uko mitezo inokarakadza nokuvhota pakugadziriswa kwepepa. Iyi inhambo yakakomba nemhaka yokuti mutauro wepepa unogona kunyorwazve zvikuru. Mukati mokubhadharwa, mitezo ingawedzera gadziriro, zvikamu, kana kuti kuisa pfungwa itsva chose chose. Dare rinovhota pagadziriso imwe neimwe uye ipapo vhota pashanduro yokupedzisira yepepa. Kana rugwaro rwacho ruchitenderwa, runo “shumwa” mukamuri rakazara pamwe chete nomushumo wedare uyo unotsanangura vavariro yepepa racho nerangariro yedare.

Mushumo Wedare

Kana dare rikavhota zvakanaka, mushumo wacho unoenderera mberi. Zvisinei, dare rinogonawo kunyora mutongo wacho kana kuti kuukunda. Mushumo wedare unofamba nepepa rinoshumwa unobatanidza kuongororwa kwechikamu chimwe nechimwe, kufungidzira kwemari, uye dzimwe nguva maonero anoramba.

Nharo Dzomudenga Nokutaura Mudare Rokutanga

Kana mutengo wangoshumwa bedzi nedare, unoiswa pakarenda yemitemo yekamuri rakazara. Utungamiriri muHouse (Dare reRugare) kana kuti Dare (Mutungamiriri weMajeri) rinoronga kuhurangarira. Muitiro unosiana pakati pamakamuri maviri:

Muimba Yevamiririri

Imba inoshanda pasi pemirau inodzorwa nemirau inodzorwa. Mitemo inoisa mutemo unotaura kuti kurukurirano ichagara kwenguva yakareba sei, kuti idzoreso ngani dzinogona kupiwa, uye kana chinjo dzipi nedzipi dzichifanira kuva dzechikwata kumutemo. Mutemo uyu unokurukurwa ndokuvhoterwa musati pamutemo wacho warangarirwa. Kana mutemo upfuura, kurukurirano yepaImba pasi pe “Commettee of the , uko kunofanira kunyorwa. Mitezo yakaderera inogona kubviswa kana ikabvumirwa. Pakupedzisira, mivhoti yeimba parusaitiro, zvimwe nenzwi, kuvhotera, kana kuti kunyora runhare. Ruzhinji rwakapfava runodikanwa kuti rukwidzwa.

Mudare

Dare kazhinji kazhinji rinobvumira kurukurirano yakasununguka zvikuru. Pasi pemirairo yeDare, mutevedzeri upi noupi anogona kutaura kwenguva refu sezvaanoda kutoti ganhuriro yenguva ikaiswa nokubvumirana kana kuti kupfachuka. Tsika yeDare yekurukurirano isina kuganhurirwa inoreva kuti mutezo mumwe kana kuti boka duku unogona kupfuudzira mutemo kupfurikidza nokutaura nguva dzose kuvhara vhoti. Kukurira ficialbuster, 60 vatenisi vanofanira kuvhota nokuda kwokurutswa, kubvisa kurukurirano. Ikoku kunoreva zvisarudzo zvakawanda zvinoda 60-va neboka guru kuti zvifambisire mberi kuvhotera yokupedzisira. Pashure pekurukurirano, Dare rinovhotera pamutemo wacho; ruzhinji rinoupa.

Kupfuura uye Kufambisa

Kana bhiri racho rikapfuudza kamuri rokutanga, rinosainwa nomukuru mukuru anotungamirira ndokutumira mumuviri (uye mukombiyuta) kune imwe kamuri. Ipapo mutengo wacho unovamba rwendo rwakafanana: sumo, dare rinonongedzera, nzeve, kuisa ruzha, kurukurirano youriri, uye vhoti. Uyu muitiro unonzi “kudzosa.”

Imwe Dare: Dzokorora, Asi Uchisiyana Nevamwe

Dare reImba repiri ringapfuvura pamutemo chaiwoiwo sezvawakapiwa, kuunyora, kana kuti kuita shanduro yaro. Kazhinji kazhinji, kamuri rechipiri rinoita chinjo dzinoratidzira zvinhu zvaro rimene zvinokosha kana kuti kubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira. Somuenzaniso, Dare ringawedzera kugadziriswa uko Imba isina kurangarirwa. Kana kamuri rechipiri rikapfuudza shanduro yakagadziridzwa, muteve unodzokera mukamuri rokutanga nokuda kwokubvumirana. Kana kamuri rokutanga risingabvumirani nezvinjo, dzimba mbiri dzingava nedare redare remisangano.

Muenzaniso unochinja: Unogona kutevera fambiro mberi yegweta pakati penzvimbo dzinoshandiswa neCongress.gov, iyo inoratidza chikuva chimwe nechimwe, kubatanidza misi yesumo, zviito zvedare, uye vhoti dzouriri.

Dare Romusangano: Kupedza Misiyano

Apo Imba neDare zvinopfuudza shanduro dzakasiana dzepepa rimwe chetero, dare redare redare rinoumbwa. Iri dare rechinguvana rinoumbwa nemitezo yavakuru inobva mudzimba dzose dziri mbiri − kazhinji kazhinji kubva kumatare ayo pakuvamba akarangarira pamutemo. Vapiona vanotaura shanduro inobvumiranwa inogona kupfuura makamuri ose ari maviri. Mushumo wemusangano wacho unobatanidza rugwaro rwokupedzisira namashoko echitsamanisanisanyo. (zvinofanira kutenderwa nezvose zviri zviviri Imba neDare muchimiro chakafanana. Hapanazve kugadziriswa kwemitemo kunofanira kubvumirwa; makamuri anofanira kuvhotera kana kuti kudzika pasurusaro yose. Kana kamuri kaviri kanhi kanoramba mushumo womusangano, mushumo wacho ungafa, kana kuti makamu angatanga.

Mimwe Mitoo Yokubvumirana Pane Zvisina Kufanira

Panzvimbo pemusangano wakarongwa, makamuri anogonawo kuita chibvumirano kupfurikidza nomuitiro we “papy” apo vanotsinhana kusvikira vabvumirana. Ikoku hakuna tsika asi kuchiri kuda kuti makamuri ose ari maviri apfuure mutauro wakafanana.

Chiito Chine Chiremera: Chisaini kana kuti Veto

Kana hofisi dzose dziri mbiri dzangopfuura chikwereti chakafanana, chinonyoreswa ndokupiwa kuna purezidhendi (pamwero womubatanidzwa) kana kuti gavhuna (pamwero wenyika). Mutungamiriri ane zvisarudzo zvinoverengeka:

  1. [ Chiratidzo chemutengo [ - Mutengo unova mutemo pakarepo kana kuti pamusi unoshanda wadudzwa.
  2. Kudzosera kupepa [ - Mukuru mukuru anodzorera mutongo wacho nezvirambidzo kunzvimbo yamavambo. Congress inogona kudzora vhiyi nembiri dzezvitatu muvhoti imwe neimwe.
  3. Tsaona mutengo kuva mutemo pasina kusaina - Kana purezidhendi asingaiti chiito mukati mamazuva 10 (kubvisa maSvondo) apo Congress inenge iri murusando, bhiri rinova mutemo.
  4. Pocket vento – Kana Congress dzinowirirana mukati menhambo yezuva 10, mutengo unofa pasina siginicha yapurezidhendi.

Pamwero wehurumende, kukunda kusingawanzoitiki asi kunokosha. Mukuwirirana nezvinyorwa [[FLT: 0] zveDare reUnited States, inenge 4% bedzi yevetoes dzenguva dzose dzakava dzisina kujeka munhau yeAmerica.

Chinoitika Pashure Pokunge Waitwa

Kana mutemo wangova mutemo, unogoverwa nhamba yomutemo wavose (mutoo, L. 1181) uye unobatanidzwa muMutemo weUnited States. Asi rwendo rwacho harugumi ipapo. Masangano ehurumende angada kupa mirau kuti ashandise mutemo. Matare gare gare angadudzira revo yawo. Uye Dare rinogona kushandura kana kuti kudzosera mutemo kupfurikidza nepepa idzva. Vagari vemo vanoramba vachibatanidzwa nokuongorora kuti mitemo inodzorwa sei uye kana vachiwana zvinangwa zvavo.

Kubatanidzwa Kungaita Vagari Vemo Panhanho Iri Yoga

Heano matanho anoshanda okuramba uchiudzwa uye uchiita kuti inzwi rako rinzwike:

  • Track: Shandisa [ Koregi. gov kana GovTrack.us kuwana mutemo wakamirira, kuona mavhota, uye zvingwarutso.
  • Kunzwa kwakadzikatidzwa: Dare rakawanda rakazarukira vanhu ndokugara. Nzvera mawebsite edare nokuda kwepurogiramu.
  • [[FOLT:0] Chipupuriro chakanyorwa: Kunyange kana usingagoni kupinda, unogona kazhinji kazhinji kunyora mashoko. Iyi inzira ine simba yokugovera unyanzvi kana kuti ruzivo rwokuzviwanira rwomunhu oga.
  • Kurukurirana navamiriri vako: Kuridza, email, kana kuti nyorera mutezo wako weCongress. Isa ngwariro panhamba dzemari dzakati ndokutsanangura chimiro chako zvakajeka. Vatapi vanosanoronda mirangariro.
  • Shandisa zvinobudisa nhau:[[FLT: 1] Murangariro wavose unogona kupesvedzera vaiti vemitemo. Goveranai mirangariro yenyu pazviteshi zvenzanga ndokunyora tsamba kumupepeti wamapepanhau omunzvimbomo.
  • Masangano eIndaneti: akafanana ne [[FT:2] National Association of Coualies kana kuti mapoka enhau anoona mutemo uye anogovera zviito.

Mirangariro Inozivikanwa Navose Pamusoro Pegadziriro Yomutemo

Kunzwisisa chinogona kufamba chakaipa kunobetsera vagari vemo kugadza kariro chaidzoidzo. Somuenzaniso, mabhiri mazhinjisa anosumwa haatongovi mutemo. Mu 117th Congress (2021-20222), mabhiri anopfuura 15 000 akatangwa asi asingasviki 400 akatangwa. Kunonoka uye matanda okushandisa pamutemo ndezvenguva dzose. Uyewo, pamutemo unogona kuchinja zvikuru kubva pakutanga kusvika kumashoko okupedzisira. Voruzhinji vanogona kuronda chinjo idzi kupfurikidza nemishumo yemitemo paCongress.gov. Pakupedzisira, mutsigirizi kana kuti chigaro chedare rine pesvedzero inokosha, asi kazhinji kazhinji kubvumirana pane zvauri madikanwa kumavhotera akakwana.

Mugumisiro: Kupa Vagari Vemo Simba Nezivo

Rwendo rwegweta kubva kupfungwa kuenda kumutemo rwakareba, asi rwakagadzirirwa kubudisa mutemo unofunga, unogara. Nokunzwisisa nhambo imwe neimwe yedanho(kubva pakunyora nokuhwirudzura dare kusvikira kukurukurirano youriri, kurukurirano dzemisangano, uye chiito chokutarisira) (mabhii anogona kuva nechivimbo. Haufaniri kuva gweta kana kuti nyanzvi yemitemo kuti utevedzere. Nematurusi epaIndaneti uye mashoko ehurumende akazaruka, unogona kunyora mashoko acho, kurava, uye kuona kuti vamiririri vako vanotsigira vanotsigira pamutemo vanovhotera sei vanhu. Bazu reSaunzi remitemo rinogona kutora rutivi runobudirira zvikuru mukuumba mitemo inodzora nzanga yako nenyika yako.

Nokuda kwezviwanikwa zvokuwedzera, nzvera Imba yegadziriro yemiitiro yemirayiro yaVamiririri peji kana kuti SATE yenhungamiro ine udzame[. Aya manyuko apamutemo anogovera nhano ine chiremera namashoko anowedzera iyi nhetembo.