Basa Revemari yeAustralia Mukusagadzikana Kwezvemari

Hurumende yeAustralia ndiyo inoita kuti pave negadziriro huru yezveupfumi uye yokushanda pamwe kwenyika, ine mutoro wokupa zano hurumende pamusoro pomutemo wemari, kuronga mashandisirwo emari, uye kuchinja magadzirirwo ezvivako. Munguva dzenjodzi dzepasi pose (zvakadai senjodzi yemari ya2008, denda reCHOVAD, uye kuvhunduka kwemagariro evezvamatongerwe enyika (8) kunokosha mukugadziridza mari, kudzivirira basa, uye kuchengetedza utano hwemari. Nyaya ino inoongorora zvishandiso zvikuru uye zvirongwa zvemari zvinoshandiswa, kutengeserana zvinobatanidzwa, uye zvidzidzo zvinobva munjodzi dzichangoitika.

Mitemo Yezvemari Somutsetse Wokutanga Wedziviriro

Muitiro wakananga zvikurusa weTreasury unoshanda: kuchinja ndyiko dzehurumende nemitero kuti zvipedze chinodikanwa chinoda kukurumidza.

Vatsigiri Vanozviitikira Vanorwisana Nezvinonyandura Ungwaru

Gadziriro yemitero neyavene yeAustralia ine zvitsinhano zvinoshanda zvinovakwa nezvinogadzira (somuenzaniso, mutero unofambira mberi wemari nebetsero dzourovha) izvo nenzira yomuzvarirwo zvinopfavisa nhambo yezvemari. Zvisinei, mukati mekuvhunduka kwakakomba, Kondirasiwo yezvipo zvinonyandura zvinodzorwa nechisarudzo. 202021 CHOVID, iyo inobatanidza Job Leaner (mari inovakisa mari), Job Reser reef, uye mari inowedzerwa, yakanga iri pakati pewedzero hurusa yechisarudzo munhau yeAustralia.

Zvirongwa Nemari Yokuchengeta Muzinda

Zvirongwa zvezvirongwa zvezvirongwa zvenguva refu, zvakadai sekoriji dzezvifambiso, mitsetse yesimba inomutsidzirwa, uye matginic tables transformations, zvinobatira zvose zviri zviviri setsigiro pfupi inodikanwa nedzinosimudzirwa kwenguva refu dzebasa. Treasuro inowanzoshanda nehurumende dzehurumende nenharaunda kuti ipedze kutenderwa kwebasa uye kubviswa kwemari, kuvimbisa kuti simba racho rinosvika kumari nokukurumidza. Somuenzaniso, Infraclagradizare Information Information Information Programmentation Program, inoshandiswa kupfurikidza neDhipatimendice yeInfaracrablic (kushandira pamwe chete neHMbaracringa), inoita mabhiriyoni kuti vawandize migwagwa, michina yemari, uye nzanga, nokushanda kwemipimo yenzanga, nokudzorwa kwenzanga yenzanga munguva yemigariro yemigariro yemigariro yezvipo.

Kubatana Nenzvimbo Inochengeterwa Varwi yeAustralia

Kutarisira njodzi kunobudirira kunoda mipimo yemari uye yemari kuti iende kurutivi rumwe cheterwo. Beki yemari inochengeta ukama hwapedyo hwokushanda neReserve Bank yeAustralia (RBA) yakazvimirira. Mukati menjodzi, RBA inowanzoderedza mari (uye ingashandisa zviteshi zvisingawiniswi zvakafanana nokurerutswa kana kuti kudzorwa kwechero dzemari), nepo mari inoshanda kubhadhara mari nokutenga mari. Mari yeCeta yePrimendi iri yokutenga nokutenga mari mumitengo yehurumende yeCommoneal Bank yehurumende (mads) inogovera RBA nemidziyo inodikanwa nokuda kwezvibato zvemisikaro. Muna 202020, bhizimisi racho rinowedzera zvisungo zvayo inoshamisa, zvichigonesa RBA kuti iite zvinhu zvikuru zvinotengeswa mumitengo yemari. Uku kubetsera kubetsera kubvisa mitengo yemari yakaderera nokuda kwemari.

Kutarisira Zvikwereti Nokuchengetedza

Nepo muitiro wemari unonangidzira ngwariro pakupfupisa kurumano rwenguva duku, Treasurery inofanira kuva nechokwadiwo chokuti kukwereta kwehurumende kunoramba kuchitsigirwa. Mwero wechikwereti cheHurumende yeAustralia kuto-GDP wakawedzera kubva munenge 20% CHOVADP pamberi pe 20% COVID-19 kusvikira kuinopfuura 40% mu 2021. Urongwa hwevemitengo yevemari hunovavarira kudzikamisa ndokuderedza zvishoma nezvishoma chikwereti sezvo mari inonayamura, nokudaro ichichengeta chivimbo uye chikwereti cheAustralia (chakasimbiswazve ne Standard & Polyce’s, Moody’s, uye Fitch). Dare nguva dzose rinobudisa puroteko mu [[FOL:] mapeji [FF]

Tsigiro Yakasarudzwa Nokuda Kwamasekete Nedzimba Zvinodzorwa

Pamwe chete nezvirongwa zvemari, Kondirakiti yeChornology inogadzira uye inoita kuti pave nemapurogiramu ari muchikamu chepaji ane mashandiro anonyatsotaura nezvenjodzi dzakati dzinokonzerwa nenjodzi dzakasiyana - siyana.

Muchengeti Webasa Nezvokuwedzera zveCoronavirus

Mukati medenda, shopu yeTreasure yakaita chirongwa cheJob Leacher . Chirongwa chemari inobhadharwa zvishoma kuvashandirwi vakatambura kuderedzwa kukuru. Iyi purogiramu imwe yakatsigira vanenge mamiriyoni 3,8 uye mabhizimisi anopfuura miriyoni, ichidzivisa kuiswa kwemabhangi uye kuchengetedzwa kwemisika yebasa. Komishoni yemari yakatangawo Coronavirus yakawedzera kubhadhara vagamuchiri vaJob Reser, kupeta kaviri. Zvirongwa izvi zvakagadzirirwa nemitengo inodzo inodzo inodzoreka zvikuru uye kushuma nguva dzose kuderedza kunyengera kunyengera, asi zvichiri kuda kugadziridzwa kwokudzorwa kwokukurumidza kwebasa kusangana neHofisi yeMitero yeAustralia (ATO).

Tsigiro: Vatengesi, Varangi, uye Kubhadharwa Mutero

Mabhizimisi maduku uye maduku anoshandiswa negadziriro yemari yeAustralia, anoshandisa inenge 44% yavashandi vepachikamu chavanhu. Mukati menjodzi, vanotarisana nezvinetso zvakakomba zvemari. Treasuery inotanga SME Recovery Loant Scheme, ichipa zvikwereti zviduku zvehurumende inoitira mari, pamwe chete neBooss Sound Sound for Prementers, zvakagovera mari yemitero yapachena inokwana 0,50 000. Mitengo yakadai sokurasikirwa inotakura gadziriro dzinodzorwa uye kukwira kwechikwerete (kudzosa kwechinguvana kupfupirwa kwezvinokosha zvinoshaidzwa). Hurumende inosimudzirawo mutengo wechirongwa.

Tsigiro Nokuda Kwemabasa Anokosha

Mukati medenda, Treasury yakawana maindasitiri ane tsono dzezvokushanyira nzvimbo dzinogara nokushanyira nzvimbo, ndege, uye tarisiro dzakwegura (idzo idzo dzaida ngwariro chaiyo). Somuenzaniso, hurumende yeAustralia yakagovera pasuru yemari yemari yemari yemari yemari yemari yemari yemari (kubatanidza mari yendege yomumba nemari inobhadharwa nokuda kwenhandare dzendege) uye pasuru ye $5,1 bhiric ye Z $5,1 yezvokushanyira vashanyi uye vaeni vezvokuzoitirwa mutsa. Hurumende yakashanda neBato rezvemari rePrecialcurence, Mwitem neMivendizo yokuva neMwindizo yokushanda kuti ishambadza kupfurikidza nepurogiramu yeAgricu yezviwi yemari uye mari yokutarisira kusanayamuko.

Kuchinja Kwakaitika Kuti Kuwedzere Kuwedzera Kusimba

Kutarisirwa kwenhamo hakusati kuri bedzi kunenge kuyamura kwenhambo pfupi; Nyuzawo inotsigira mitemo yegadziriro yegadziriro yourongwa iyo inoderedza kuderera kwengozi yezvemari kukukatyamadzwa kwomunguva yemberi.

Kuvaka Maparera

Pamberi pedenda, Treasurery yakanga yapa zano hurumende dzakatevedzana kuderedza shambidziko dzemari nokuvakazve nzvimbo dzinoshandiswa. Fungo yePurce yePurgenation yakagadzwa muna 2006 kuti igonane nemitengo yehurumende yezvikwata zvehurumende yegore negore yapamberi peji negore. Panguva yeGFC, Australia yakapinda mudenderedzwa nechikwereti chakaderera uye mwero wokutsinhana wakapfava, izvo zvakabvumira kuti pave nedaviso rekukurumidza remari. Sayenzi inosimudzira kuchengetwa kwemitengo yemite nefiscal kunyange apo nguva dzakanaka, naizvozvo mamiriro ezvinhu avapo anosvika 202324 anosimbisa kudikanwa kwekugara kwenguva refu kubva kuchiverengero chavagari vezera, mari inokwira, uye kuchinja mamiriro okunze, kukwanisa kuti njodzi dzenguva yemberi dzigona kugona kugadziriswa nenzvimbo dzenguva dzose.

Kuparadzanisa Nheyo Yezvemari

Bhezi rinotsigira kugadzirwa kweindasitiri kuti risanyanya kuvimba nechikamu chimwe, chakadai semugodhi. Chirevo chinobatanidza zvikarakadzo zvemitero zveR&D, kugadzirwa kwenzvimbo dzemitengo yemisi ino, uye kutsigirwa kweindasitiri iri kukura sesimba rinomutsidzirwa, ruzivo rwezvokurapa, uye mashandiro emichina. Konsole Cosadad shopu yeProjective and Development Tex Inteniverive, izvo zvinokurudzira kuvandudzwa kwechinzvimbo chemari yepato. Upfumikoro hwakasiana-peiwo yakasiana-peyi ye R&DCM inovanucrots shay, zvingava zvichibva pakuputsika kwemari inodzoro kana kuti kudzosera mari.

Kutengeserana Kunoita Vanhu Vasingakuvadzi uye Kuchengetedza Magariro Avo

Mukati medenda, Treasurer yakacherekedza kuti musika wavashandi wakagadziridzwa nokukurumidza zvikuru kupfuura zvaikarirwa, nemhaka yezvinodikanwa zvemibairo yakapfava uye zvinenge zvichidiwa nevashandi pamwe chete. Kondirakiti iri kunzvera zvino kuchinja gadziriro yechengeteko yenzanga (yakadai sokutanga kwokuwedzera kwokuvandika kwoga uko kunowedzera mari yourovha mukati memitengo inoderera yemari), sezvinenge zvakarakadzwa na [[FLT:] [2009] Henry Taxic Review[[FLT]]. Muitiro wakadaro ungakurumidzisa kupiwa kwetsigiro pasina kuda mutemo mutsva nguva imwe neimwe njodzi chaitika.

Matambudziko Nevatengesi

Hapana gadziriro dzenjodzi dzokutarisira nadzo dzisina zvinetso. Nzvimbo yeZvombo inofanira kuramba ichidzikamisa zvinhu zvinokwikwidzana: kurudziro yapakarepo inorwisana nechikwereti chenhambo refu, kushanda zvakanaka mumitengo mukupesana nokungwarira, uye kumhanya kunorwisana nokutarisira.

Chikwereti Choruzhinji Nokubatana

Muitiro wekuwedzera unowedzera zvisingadzivisiki chikwereti chavanhu vose. Nepo chikwereti cheAustralia chinoramba chiri chakaderera nemipimo yamarudzi ose (mishumo yeIMF yabudirira mune zvoupfumi inenge 110%), kune ngozi chaiyo yokuti chikwereti chakakwirira chichadzivisa mano ehurumende enguva yemberi okupindura. Uyezve, chikwereti chechikwereti chemari (kunyange pachikwereti chemari shoma) chinoshandisa mari ingagona kushandiswa nokuda kwoutano, dzidzo, kana kuti zvivako. Mushumo wemari yemari 2023] Mushumo wemitengo weIndational [[ inonyevera kuti pasina kudzosaririra, mubereko mukuru wezvibereko ungagona kuva kuremadzwa pakukura kwemari. Naizvozvo vatsigiri vemari nokuda kwenzira dzinobudirira dzinodzorekanwa kudzoka shure.

Kukwira Kwemari Netsika Dzemoneta

Kupengenuka kwemari kunogona kunyanyoshatisa upfumi, zvikurukuru apo kubatanidzwa nomuitiro wemari wakashata. Muna 2022-24, kunaya kwemari kwapashure kwakatungamirira kukukwira kukuru kwemitengo (kuwedzera pa 6,1% pakati pe62022). Bheki neRBA zvaifanira kukwidza: RBA yakavamba kukwidza mupimo wefashoni, nepo Veki yemari yakatanga kubvisa shungu dzokuwedzera mutengo. Iyi shavo yakaparira kuderera kwokushandisa nokukurumidza zvikuru, yaigona kuvhunga yadzivisa kunaya; kana ingagona zvikuru, kupfuudza kukwira. shonge yakapfuudza mifananidzo (zvakaita sechipfeko chemafashoni yemacro yemifanikiso yemifanikiso) kuyera muuyo yemitengo yayo.

Ngozi Dzezvamatongerwe Enyika Nedzokushandisa

Tsika dzenjodzi dzinowanzoda tendero yeparamende, iyo inopinza kusava nechokwadi kwezvamatongerwe enyika. Treasurer inoshanda muhurumende yose kuti ivadze tsigiro yebipartisa nokuda kwezviito zvekurumidziro, asi ikoku hakusati kuchiitwa nguva dzose. Mukuwedzera, kuitwa kwepurogiramu kunokurumidza kunogona kutungamirira kuzvikanganiso zvokudzora kana kuti kubiridzira. Chirongwa chaJob Leaner, somuenzaniso, chakava nendyiko huru yokuteerera uye kubuda kwemafemu ayo asina kusvitsa mipimo chaiyo yebutiro renguva yenjodzi. Mutengo wapanyuro yapanyu yegadziriro (g., kusuma mwero inodzorwa yapa mari inobhadharwa yapa njodzi) muzvinotevera.

Kubvumiraniswa Kwehurumende

Chirongwa chehurumende cheAustralia chinorevawo kuti nyika nenzvimbo zvine mabasa anokosha anokosha anoshandiswa nevezvoutano, dzidzo, marongedzero, uye mapurisa. Mukati menjodzi, Treasurer inofanira kubatira pamwe nepfuma yehurumende kuti iva nechokwadi chokuti mitemo yenyika nehurumende hairwisani. Somuenzaniso, miganhu yenyika inovharika mukati meketani yakavhiringidzika yezvipo, kuderedza zvinodikanwa zvevemari zvinoda 93. Councial Financial Financial Relations, yave inonakisiswa noMunyori weCommonety, yazova chinhu chakakomba nokuda kwokuronga zvinhu zvokushandisa. Zvisinei, kusabvumirana pamusoro pemitoro yokugovera mari (g., nokuda kwezvipataratiro zvinowedzera) zvinoramba zviri denho.

Zvidzidzo Muzvakaitika Kare

Zviitiko zvitatu zvinoratidza kushanduka - shanduka kukuru mumaitiro:

Dambudziko Remari Riri Munyika Yose (2007-09)

Australia yakadzivisa kuderera kwemari mukati meGFC, nemhaka yenzvimbo yokutanga yakasimba yenzvimbo yemitemo nokukurumidza kupfuudza mari yemari yemari (kubatanidza mari yemari kudzimba, zvirongwa zvokuvaka zvechikoro, uye mari inoshandiswa). Bheki racho rakadzidza kuti mari inotamisirwa kudzimba dzakaderera dzinobhadharwa ine purofiti yakakwirira (8.8.91) nemhaka yokuti vagamuchiri vanopedza mari yakawanda nokukurumidza. GFC yakasimbisawo ukoshi hwechikamu chemari inochengetesa mari yeRBA yakatsigira zvivako zvemari yeRBA yemari inogadzirwa ndokushandisa Bhetisting Schemicalsss kuvimbisa chitejinga. Iyi mipimo, yakabatanidzwa nezvitengo zveChina, kuraira mari, kwakachengeta upfumi hweAustralia.

COVID 7619 Pandemic (202016-22)

Dambudziko racho raida mhinduro inomhanya zvikuru, inonzwika zvikuru munhau yeAustralia. Kuenzanisirwa kweTreasure yetask yemiuyo yemari (kushandisa system NMADD, gadziriro yestachal commonment system) yakabetsera kururamisa mwero wesumo. Kugadzirwa kukuru kwakabatanidza Job Peaker Pejal commerce, mari inowedzerwa nokuda kwavashandirwi, uye kuwedzera kwegadziriro yeLivingle Combie Preat Pay Polloll kuti ipessor kukupa mari munguva inodokusvika 0. Konter. Komendi yakasumawo Digiclate Busines Business Publics kuti itsigiridze kutsigira kurera mwana, uko kwakabetsera mabhizimisi akawanda kubatira paIndaneti. Chidzidzo chikuru: zvinhu zvinopfuura kumhanya kwazvo chipfumbadzo chakakwana nokuda kwevashandi, uye mari nokukurumidza inodzivisa kukuvadza zvisharati zvradzi zvechigarire.

Kukwira Kwemvura Kunoitika Pashure (2022 - 24)

Sezvo upfumi hwakawedzera kusimba uye kugovera ganhuriro dzinowedzera kukwira kwemitengo, Treasurer yaifanira kubvisa magiya kubva pakuda kubuda. Yakashanda neRBA kuva nechokwadi chokuti purogiramu dzechinguvana dzakaita kuti purogiramu dzechinguvana dzive dzakatemwa zvakanaka, kudzokera kudzokera kudzorodzo dzakapesana nokuganhura mari. Mari yeZ $520232324 yakazivisa ndyiko ye $5, $5,5,1, yakadzorwa nemitengo yemari yakakwirira uye kushaya basa. Denho yenhambo yeiyi nguva yakanga ichienzanisa kudikanwa kwokurwisa kukwira kwemitengo nechishuvo chokudzivirira mhuri dzinonyanyokuvadzwa zvikurusa, idzo dzakaiswa pakukwira kwemari inopfumbadzwa. mutengo unopfuvura zvinoda kubetsera kubetsera kusara kwemari inogara kusara, mutengo wemari inorendwa, kuwedzerwazve, uye kuderera kwemari inodzorwa.

Nhungamiro Dzomunguva Yemberi Nengozi Dziri Kutanga

Inoramba ichiongorora kuti itsvake zvinhu zvinokonzera kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze, kukanganiswa kwemamiriro okunze paIndaneti, kuchinja kwenhamba dzevanhu, uye kuparara kwezvokutengeserana munyika yose.

Matambudziko Ezvemari Akachinja Mamiriro Okunze

Australia yakaratidzirwa zvikurukuru kungozi dzomugariro wokunze (dzinoiswa mvura, mwoto, mafashamo) nengozi dzokuchinja (sezvo vokuchinjana vanobvisa mamiriro okunze). Treasur yakavamba kubatanidza migariro yemamiriro okunze muzvikarakadzo zvayo zvirefu zvemari. 2023 Interenetical Report inobatanidza ganhuro panjodzi dzemamiriro okunze dzine chokuita nenzvimbo, ichirangarira kuti pasina kuchinjika, GDP yeAustralia ingagona kuderera kusvika ku6% panosvika 2100. Bhetimasi iri kutsigirawo kukura kwegadziriro yetsika yorudzi uye kuongorora kwechikaruvara chegirini yenzi Néubond ihoo yokutsigira kuchinjika.

Kuchengeteka Nokushanda Kwemari

Kurwisa kukuru kwekombiyuta pakutsoropodza gadziriro dzemari kungaparira njodzi. Treasurence inoshanda neAustralian Prudéntial Regation Authority (APRA) neAustralian Security and Investicements Commission (ASIC) kuti isimbise kusimbararira. Komishinari inotungamirirawo kutangwa kwegadziriro yenyika yemashandiro etsika (mGOVID), ingaderedza kubiridzira uye ichaita kuti mari ibatsire munguva yemberi. Zvisinei, kuva vogaro nechengeteko kunoda kugadziriswa kwokungwarira kwemitemo.

Dzvinyiriro Dzoupenyu

Chiverengero chavagari vemo cheAustralia chiri kukura, negoverano yavanhu vane makore 65 uye vanopfuura yakafungidzirwa kukwira kubva pa 16% muna 2020 kusvikira ku 24% pa 2065. Ikoku kuchawedzera kudhura pakutarisirwa kwavechikuru, utano, uye mari yepenjeni, zvichideredza mutero. Interveralemental Reports dzinosimbisa kudikanwa kwechinjo dzebasa (g., mudzidzo nerokushandisa mari) uye zvimwe chinjo kukuva musero mukuru kana kuti mudyandigere wezera. Matambudziko anofanira kuparira iyi miitiro yezvivako, sezvo chiverengero chavagari vemo chenguva refu chinoderedza kuderera kushanda kwebasa 76market inowanika kupindura kukatyamadzo.

Ngozi Dzezvamatongerwe Enyika Nokuzvinyima Zvebhizimisi

Sezvo makwikwi eUSÍCHINA okushambadzira kutengeserana anowedzera uye kukamukana kwechitsama chenyika, kutsamira kweAustralia paChina nokuda kwezvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika (zvikurukuru isimbi, marasha, uye mabasa edzidzo) kunova ngozi. Vatsigiri veHofisi yezvokutengeserana yemisika inotengeswa kunze kwenyika (kupfurikidza nezvibvumirano zvebhizimisi neIndia, EU, neSoutheast Asia) uye tsigiro yokugadzira michina yezvokugadzira (Manzvero yeMazuva). Kota yemari inoparirawo pesvedzero yemiuyo yemiuyo yemifungo, zvirevo, uye inogovera kudzokoro paAustralia yeGDP. Muna 2023, Treasuro yemari yakabudisa kurangarirwa kune udzamedzo yendyo yemari yendyo yemhiri yehondo dzinobvira muSouth China, yakaisa tsvindo yeda nokuda kwokuronga.

mhedziso

Hurumende yeAustralia yakagadzira chishandiso chakaoma chokutarisira mamiriro ezvinhu ezvemari mukati menjodzi dzenyika yose, kubatanidza tsigiro inodenha yemitengo, kutsigirwa kwenharaunda inowirirana, uye kuchinja kwegadziriro dzakareba. Mano ayo okutsinhirana neRBA, hurumende, uye mitumbi yamarudzi ose zvakabvumikiswa munjodzi dzakawanda, kubva kuGFC kusvikira kuCOID-19. Asi chinetso chimwe nechimwe chinozivisa zvinetso zvitsva (matangiro okuzvidzora, chikwereti chinochengetwa, kufambiswa kwezvamatongerwe enyika, uye kutanga njodzi dzakafanana nokuchinja kwemamiriro okunze neIndaneti. Kuedza kwevedzero kupfuurira, kufambira mberi kwetsika dzakasimba dzemitemo inopesana, kushanda nesimba, uye kudisa kudzidza kubva mukubudirira nokukundikana kwose kuri kuviri. Nokuda kwomuitiro, vadzidzi, vadzidzi, uye vapapindudziko yehurumende yehurumende yeAustralia inopa dzidzo yemari mumugariro wemari uye kufambidzano yezve.